xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 1de703da)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:29:33 dillon Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/time.h>
41 #include <sys/proc.h>
42 #include <sys/dkstat.h>
43 #include <sys/uio.h>
44 #include <sys/namei.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/signal.h>
47 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
51 
52 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
53 
54 #include <ctype.h>
55 #include <err.h>
56 #include <errno.h>
57 #include <kvm.h>
58 #include <limits.h>
59 #include <nlist.h>
60 #include <paths.h>
61 #include <stdio.h>
62 #include <stdlib.h>
63 #include <string.h>
64 #include <sysexits.h>
65 #include <time.h>
66 #include <unistd.h>
67 #include <devstat.h>
68 
69 struct nlist namelist[] = {
70 #define	X_CPTIME	0
71 	{ "_cp_time" },
72 #define X_SUM		1
73 	{ "_cnt" },
74 #define	X_BOOTTIME	2
75 	{ "_boottime" },
76 #define X_HZ		3
77 	{ "_hz" },
78 #define X_STATHZ	4
79 	{ "_stathz" },
80 #define X_NCHSTATS	5
81 	{ "_nchstats" },
82 #define	X_INTRNAMES	6
83 	{ "_intrnames" },
84 #define	X_EINTRNAMES	7
85 	{ "_eintrnames" },
86 #define	X_INTRCNT	8
87 	{ "_intrcnt" },
88 #define	X_EINTRCNT	9
89 	{ "_eintrcnt" },
90 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	10
91 	{ "_kmemstatistics" },
92 #define	X_KMEMBUCKETS	11
93 	{ "_bucket" },
94 #define	X_ZLIST		12
95 	{ "_zlist" },
96 #ifdef notyet
97 #define	X_DEFICIT	13
98 	{ "_deficit" },
99 #define	X_FORKSTAT	14
100 	{ "_forkstat" },
101 #define X_REC		15
102 	{ "_rectime" },
103 #define X_PGIN		16
104 	{ "_pgintime" },
105 #define	X_XSTATS	17
106 	{ "_xstats" },
107 #define X_END		18
108 #else
109 #define X_END		13
110 #endif
111 	{ "" },
112 };
113 
114 struct statinfo cur, last;
115 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
116 long generation;
117 struct device_selection *dev_select;
118 int num_selected;
119 struct devstat_match *matches;
120 int num_matches = 0;
121 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
122 long select_generation;
123 char **specified_devices;
124 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
125 
126 struct	vmmeter sum, osum;
127 
128 int	winlines = 20;
129 int	nflag = 0;
130 
131 kvm_t *kd;
132 
133 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
134 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
135 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
136 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
137 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
138 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
139 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
140 
141 void	cpustats(), dointr(), domem(), dosum(), dozmem();
142 void	dovmstat(), kread(), usage();
143 #ifdef notyet
144 void	dotimes(), doforkst();
145 #endif
146 void printhdr __P((void));
147 static void devstats();
148 
149 int
150 main(argc, argv)
151 	register int argc;
152 	register char **argv;
153 {
154 	register int c, todo;
155 	u_int interval;
156 	int reps;
157 	char *memf, *nlistf;
158 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
159 
160 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
161 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
162 	maxshowdevs = 2;
163 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
164 		switch (c) {
165 		case 'c':
166 			reps = atoi(optarg);
167 			break;
168 		case 'f':
169 #ifdef notyet
170 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
171 #else
172 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
173 #endif
174 			break;
175 		case 'i':
176 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
177 			break;
178 		case 'M':
179 			memf = optarg;
180 			break;
181 		case 'm':
182 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
183 			break;
184 		case 'N':
185 			nlistf = optarg;
186 			break;
187 		case 'n':
188 			nflag = 1;
189 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
190 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
191 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
192 				     maxshowdevs);
193 			break;
194 		case 'p':
195 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
196 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
197 			break;
198 		case 's':
199 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
200 			break;
201 		case 't':
202 #ifdef notyet
203 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
204 #else
205 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
206 #endif
207 			break;
208 		case 'w':
209 			interval = atoi(optarg);
210 			break;
211 		case 'z':
212 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
213 			break;
214 		case '?':
215 		default:
216 			usage();
217 		}
218 	}
219 	argc -= optind;
220 	argv += optind;
221 
222 	if (todo == 0)
223 		todo = VMSTAT;
224 
225 	/*
226 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
227 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
228 	 */
229 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
230 		setgid(getgid());
231 
232 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
233 	if (kd == 0)
234 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
235 
236 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
237 		if (c > 0) {
238 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
239 			for (c = 0;
240 			    c < sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]); c++)
241 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
242 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
243 					    namelist[c].n_name);
244 			(void)fputc('\n', stderr);
245 		} else
246 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
247 		exit(1);
248 	}
249 
250 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
251 		char **getdrivedata();
252 		struct winsize winsize;
253 
254 		/*
255 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
256 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
257 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
258 		 */
259 		if (checkversion() < 0)
260 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
261 
262 
263 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
264 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
265 		(void) ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
266 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
267 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
268 
269 	}
270 
271 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
272 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
273 	if (*argv) {
274 		interval = atoi(*argv);
275 		if (*++argv)
276 			reps = atoi(*argv);
277 	}
278 #endif
279 
280 	if (interval) {
281 		if (!reps)
282 			reps = -1;
283 	} else if (reps)
284 		interval = 1;
285 
286 #ifdef notyet
287 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
288 		doforkst();
289 #endif
290 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
291 		domem();
292 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
293 		dozmem();
294 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
295 		dosum();
296 #ifdef notyet
297 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
298 		dotimes();
299 #endif
300 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
301 		dointr();
302 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
303 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
304 	exit(0);
305 }
306 
307 char **
308 getdrivedata(argv)
309 	char **argv;
310 {
311 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
312 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
313 
314 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
315 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
316 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
317 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
318 
319 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
320 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
321 
322 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
323 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
324 
325 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
326 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
327 		if (isdigit(**argv))
328 			break;
329 		num_devices_specified++;
330 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
331 						     sizeof(char *) *
332 						     num_devices_specified);
333 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
334 	}
335 	dev_select = NULL;
336 
337 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
338 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
342 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
343 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
344 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
345 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
346 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
347 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
348 	 * those devices.
349 	 */
350 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
351 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
352 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
353 
354 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
355 	} else
356 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
357 
358 	/*
359 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
360 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
361 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
362 	 */
363 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
364 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
365 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
366 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
367 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
368 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
369 
370 	return(argv);
371 }
372 
373 long
374 getuptime()
375 {
376 	static time_t now, boottime;
377 	time_t uptime;
378 
379 	if (boottime == 0)
380 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
381 	(void)time(&now);
382 	uptime = now - boottime;
383 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
384 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
385 	return(uptime);
386 }
387 
388 int	hz, hdrcnt;
389 
390 void
391 dovmstat(interval, reps)
392 	u_int interval;
393 	int reps;
394 {
395 	struct vmtotal total;
396 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
397 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
398 	void needhdr();
399 	int mib[2];
400 	size_t size;
401 
402 	uptime = getuptime();
403 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
404 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
405 
406 	if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 && namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
407 		kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
408 	if (!hz)
409 		kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
410 
411 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
412 		if (!--hdrcnt)
413 			printhdr();
414 		kread(X_CPTIME, cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
415 
416 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
417 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
418 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
419 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
420 
421 		/*
422 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
423 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
424 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
425 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
426 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
427 		 */
428 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
429 		case -1:
430 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
431 			break;
432 		case 1: {
433 			int retval;
434 
435 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
436 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
437 
438 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
439 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
440 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
441 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
442 					    specified_devices,
443 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
444 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
445 			switch (retval) {
446 			case -1:
447 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
448 				break;
449 			case 1:
450 				printhdr();
451 				break;
452 			default:
453 				break;
454 			}
455 		}
456 		default:
457 			break;
458 		}
459 
460 		kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
461 		size = sizeof(total);
462 		mib[0] = CTL_VM;
463 		mib[1] = VM_METER;
464 		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &total, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
465 			printf("Can't get kerninfo: %s\n", strerror(errno));
466 			bzero(&total, sizeof(total));
467 		}
468 		(void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
469 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
470 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * sum.v_page_size >> 10)
471 #define	rate(x)	(((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
472 		(void)printf(" %7ld %6ld ",
473 		    (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
474 		(void)printf("%4lu ",
475 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
476 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
477 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
478 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
479 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
480 		    (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
481 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
482 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
483 		    (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
484 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
485 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
486 		(void)printf("%3lu ",
487 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
488 		devstats();
489 		(void)printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
490 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
491 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
492 		    (u_long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
493 		cpustats();
494 		(void)printf("\n");
495 		(void)fflush(stdout);
496 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
497 			break;
498 		osum = sum;
499 		uptime = interval;
500 		/*
501 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
502 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
503 		 */
504 		if (interval != 1)
505 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
506 		else
507 			halfuptime = 0;
508 		(void)sleep(interval);
509 	}
510 }
511 
512 void
513 printhdr()
514 {
515 	int i, num_shown;
516 
517 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
518 	(void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
519 	if (num_shown > 1)
520 		(void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
521 	else if (num_shown == 1)
522 		(void)printf("disk");
523 	(void)printf("   faults      cpu\n");
524 	(void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
525 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
526 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
527 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
528 			(void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
529 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
530 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
531 	(void)printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
532 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
533 }
534 
535 /*
536  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
537  */
538 void
539 needhdr()
540 {
541 
542 	hdrcnt = 1;
543 }
544 
545 #ifdef notyet
546 void
547 dotimes()
548 {
549 	u_int pgintime, rectime;
550 
551 	kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
552 	kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
553 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
554 	(void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
555 	    sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
556 	(void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
557 	(void)printf("\n");
558 	(void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
559 	    sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
560 	(void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
561 	    pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
562 }
563 #endif
564 
565 long
566 pct(top, bot)
567 	long top, bot;
568 {
569 	long ans;
570 
571 	if (bot == 0)
572 		return(0);
573 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
574 	return (ans);
575 }
576 
577 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
578 
579 void
580 dosum()
581 {
582 	struct nchstats nchstats;
583 	long nchtotal;
584 
585 	kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
586 	(void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
587 	(void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
588 	(void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
589 	(void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
590 	(void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
591 	(void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
592 	(void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
593 	(void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
594 	(void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
595 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
596 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
597 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
598 	(void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
599 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
600 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
601 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
602 	(void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
603 	(void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
604 	(void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
605 	(void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
606 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
607 	(void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
608 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
609 	(void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
610 	(void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
611 	(void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
612 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
613 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
614 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
615 	(void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
616 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
617 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
618 	(void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
619 	(void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
620 	(void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
621 	(void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
622 	(void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
623 	(void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
624 	(void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
625 	kread(X_NCHSTATS, &nchstats, sizeof(nchstats));
626 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
627 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
628 	    nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
629 	(void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
630 	(void)printf(
631 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
632 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
633 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
634 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
635 	(void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
636 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
637 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
638 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
639 }
640 
641 #ifdef notyet
642 void
643 doforkst()
644 {
645 	struct forkstat fks;
646 
647 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
648 	(void)printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
649 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
650 	(void)printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
651 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
652 }
653 #endif
654 
655 static void
656 devstats()
657 {
658 	register int dn, state;
659 	long double transfers_per_second;
660 	long double busy_seconds;
661 	long tmp;
662 
663 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
664 		tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
665 		cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
666 		last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
667 	}
668 
669 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
670 
671 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
672 		int di;
673 
674 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
675 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
676 			continue;
677 
678 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
679 
680 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
681 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
682 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
683 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
684 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
685 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
686 
687 		printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
688 	}
689 }
690 
691 void
692 cpustats()
693 {
694 	register int state;
695 	double pct, total;
696 
697 	total = 0;
698 	for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
699 		total += cur.cp_time[state];
700 	if (total)
701 		pct = 100 / total;
702 	else
703 		pct = 0;
704 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] +
705 				cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * pct);
706 	(void)printf("%2.0f ", (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] +
707 				cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * pct);
708 	(void)printf("%2.0f", cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * pct);
709 }
710 
711 void
712 dointr()
713 {
714 	register u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
715 	register u_int64_t inttotal;
716 	register int nintr, inamlen;
717 	register char *intrname;
718 
719 	uptime = getuptime();
720 	nintr = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value - namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
721 	inamlen =
722 	    namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value - namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
723 	intrcnt = malloc((size_t)nintr);
724 	intrname = malloc((size_t)inamlen);
725 	if (intrcnt == NULL || intrname == NULL)
726 		errx(1, "malloc");
727 	kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, (size_t)nintr);
728 	kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, (size_t)inamlen);
729 	(void)printf("interrupt                   total       rate\n");
730 	inttotal = 0;
731 	nintr /= sizeof(long);
732 	while (--nintr >= 0) {
733 		if (*intrcnt)
734 			(void)printf("%-12s %20lu %10lu\n", intrname,
735 			    *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
736 		intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
737 		inttotal += *intrcnt++;
738 	}
739 	(void)printf("Total        %20llu %10llu\n", inttotal,
740 			inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
741 }
742 
743 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	200
744 
745 void
746 domem()
747 {
748 	register struct kmembuckets *kp;
749 	register struct malloc_type *ks;
750 	register int i, j;
751 	int len, size, first, nkms;
752 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
753 	const char *name;
754 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
755 	char buf[1024];
756 	struct kmembuckets buckets[MINBUCKET + 16];
757 
758 	kread(X_KMEMBUCKETS, buckets, sizeof(buckets));
759 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
760 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
761 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
762 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
763 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
764 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
765 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
766 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
767 			    (void *)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
768 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
769 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
770 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
771 	}
772 	if (kmsp != NULL)
773 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
774 	(void)printf("Memory statistics by bucket size\n");
775 	(void)printf(
776 	    "Size   In Use   Free   Requests  HighWater  Couldfree\n");
777 	for (i = MINBUCKET, kp = &buckets[i]; i < MINBUCKET + 16; i++, kp++) {
778 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
779 			continue;
780 		size = 1 << i;
781 		if(size < 1024)
782 			(void)printf("%4d",size);
783 		else
784 			(void)printf("%3dK",size>>10);
785 		(void)printf(" %8ld %6ld %10lld %7ld %10ld\n",
786 			kp->kb_total - kp->kb_totalfree,
787 			kp->kb_totalfree, kp->kb_calls,
788 			kp->kb_highwat, kp->kb_couldfree);
789 		totfree += size * kp->kb_totalfree;
790 	}
791 
792 	(void)printf("\nMemory usage type by bucket size\n");
793 	(void)printf("Size  Type(s)\n");
794 	kp = &buckets[MINBUCKET];
795 	for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1, kp++) {
796 		if (kp->kb_calls == 0)
797 			continue;
798 		first = 1;
799 		len = 8;
800 		for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
801 			if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
802 				continue;
803 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
804 				continue;
805 			name = ks->ks_shortdesc;
806 			len += 2 + strlen(name);
807 			if (first && j < 1024)
808 				printf("%4d  %s", j, name);
809 			else if (first)
810 				printf("%3dK  %s", j>>10, name);
811 			else
812 				printf(",");
813 			if (len >= 79) {
814 				printf("\n\t ");
815 				len = 10 + strlen(name);
816 			}
817 			if (!first)
818 				printf(" %s", name);
819 			first = 0;
820 		}
821 		printf("\n");
822 	}
823 
824 	(void)printf(
825 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
826 	(void)printf(
827 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
828 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
829 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
830 			continue;
831 		(void)printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%6ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
832 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
833 		    ks->ks_inuse, (ks->ks_memuse + 1023) / 1024,
834 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
835 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
836 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
837 		first = 1;
838 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
839 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
840 				continue;
841 			if (first)
842 				printf("  ");
843 			else
844 				printf(",");
845 			if(j<1024)
846 				printf("%d",j);
847 			else
848 				printf("%dK",j>>10);
849 			first = 0;
850 		}
851 		printf("\n");
852 		totuse += ks->ks_memuse;
853 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
854 	}
855 	(void)printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
856 	(void)printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
857 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
858 }
859 
860 void
861 dozmem()
862 {
863 	char *buf;
864 	size_t bufsize;
865 
866 	buf = NULL;
867 	bufsize = 1024;
868 	for (;;) {
869 		if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
870 			err(1, "realloc()");
871 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
872 			break;
873 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
874 			err(1, "sysctl()");
875 		bufsize *= 2;
876 	}
877 	buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
878 	(void)printf("%s\n\n", buf);
879 	free(buf);
880 }
881 
882 /*
883  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
884  */
885 void
886 kread(nlx, addr, size)
887 	int nlx;
888 	void *addr;
889 	size_t size;
890 {
891 	char *sym;
892 
893 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
894 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
895 		if (*sym == '_')
896 			++sym;
897 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
898 	}
899 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != size) {
900 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
901 		if (*sym == '_')
902 			++sym;
903 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
904 	}
905 }
906 
907 void
908 usage()
909 {
910 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
911 		"usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
912 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
913 	exit(1);
914 }
915