xref: /dragonfly/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c (revision 6fb88001)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)vmstat.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
35  * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.38.2.4 2001/07/31 19:52:41 tmm Exp $
36  * $DragonFly: src/usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c,v 1.19 2005/11/17 21:43:10 dillon Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #define _KERNEL_STRUCTURES
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 #include <sys/user.h>
44 #include <sys/uio.h>
45 #include <sys/namei.h>
46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
47 #include <sys/signal.h>
48 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
52 
53 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
54 
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <err.h>
57 #include <errno.h>
58 #include <kinfo.h>
59 #include <kvm.h>
60 #include <limits.h>
61 #include <nlist.h>
62 #include <paths.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 #include <stdlib.h>
65 #include <string.h>
66 #include <sysexits.h>
67 #include <time.h>
68 #include <unistd.h>
69 #include <devstat.h>
70 
71 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
72 #define	X_BOOTTIME	0
73 	{ "_boottime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
74 #define X_NCHSTATS	1
75 	{ "_nchstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
76 #define	X_KMEMSTATISTICS	2
77 	{ "_kmemstatistics",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
78 #define	X_ZLIST		3
79 	{ "_zlist",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
80 #ifdef notyet
81 #define	X_DEFICIT	4
82 	{ "_deficit",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
83 #define	X_FORKSTAT	5
84 	{ "_forkstat",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
85 #define X_REC		6
86 	{ "_rectime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
87 #define X_PGIN		7
88 	{ "_pgintime",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
89 #define	X_XSTATS	8
90 	{ "_xstats",	0, 0, 0, 0 },
91 #define X_END		9
92 #else
93 #define X_END		4
94 #endif
95 	{ "", 0, 0, 0, 0 },
96 };
97 
98 struct statinfo cur, last;
99 int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
100 long generation;
101 struct device_selection *dev_select;
102 int num_selected;
103 struct devstat_match *matches;
104 int num_matches = 0;
105 int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
106 long select_generation;
107 char **specified_devices;
108 devstat_select_mode select_mode;
109 
110 struct	vmmeter vmm, ovmm;
111 struct	vmstats vms, ovms;
112 
113 int	winlines = 20;
114 int	nflag = 0;
115 
116 kvm_t *kd;
117 
118 struct kinfo_cputime cp_time, old_cp_time, diff_cp_time;
119 
120 #define	FORKSTAT	0x01
121 #define	INTRSTAT	0x02
122 #define	MEMSTAT		0x04
123 #define	SUMSTAT		0x08
124 #define	TIMESTAT	0x10
125 #define	VMSTAT		0x20
126 #define ZMEMSTAT	0x40
127 
128 static void cpustats(void);
129 static void dointr(void);
130 static void domem(void);
131 static void dosum(void);
132 static void dozmem(void);
133 static void dovmstat(u_int, int);
134 static void kread(int, void *, size_t);
135 static void usage(void);
136 static char **getdrivedata(char **);
137 static long getuptime(void);
138 static void needhdr(int);
139 static long pct(long, long);
140 
141 #ifdef notyet
142 static void dotimes(void); /* Not implemented */
143 static void doforkst(void);
144 #endif
145 static void printhdr(void);
146 static void devstats(void);
147 
148 int
149 main(int argc, char **argv)
150 {
151 	int c, todo;
152 	u_int interval;
153 	int reps;
154 	char *memf, *nlistf;
155 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
156 
157 	memf = nlistf = NULL;
158 	interval = reps = todo = 0;
159 	maxshowdevs = 2;
160 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:fiM:mN:n:p:stw:z")) != -1) {
161 		switch (c) {
162 		case 'c':
163 			reps = atoi(optarg);
164 			break;
165 		case 'f':
166 #ifdef notyet
167 			todo |= FORKSTAT;
168 #else
169 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -f is not (re)implemented yet");
170 #endif
171 			break;
172 		case 'i':
173 			todo |= INTRSTAT;
174 			break;
175 		case 'M':
176 			memf = optarg;
177 			break;
178 		case 'm':
179 			todo |= MEMSTAT;
180 			break;
181 		case 'N':
182 			nlistf = optarg;
183 			break;
184 		case 'n':
185 			nflag = 1;
186 			maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
187 			if (maxshowdevs < 0)
188 				errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
189 				     maxshowdevs);
190 			break;
191 		case 'p':
192 			if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
193 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
194 			break;
195 		case 's':
196 			todo |= SUMSTAT;
197 			break;
198 		case 't':
199 #ifdef notyet
200 			todo |= TIMESTAT;
201 #else
202 			errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
203 #endif
204 			break;
205 		case 'w':
206 			interval = atoi(optarg);
207 			break;
208 		case 'z':
209 			todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
210 			break;
211 		default:
212 			usage();
213 		}
214 	}
215 	argc -= optind;
216 	argv += optind;
217 
218 	if (todo == 0)
219 		todo = VMSTAT;
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
223 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
224 	 */
225 	if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
226 		setgid(getgid());
227 
228 	kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
229 	if (kd == 0)
230 		errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
231 
232 	if ((c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
233 		if (c > 0) {
234 			warnx("undefined symbols:");
235 			for (c = 0; c < (int)__arysize(namelist); c++)
236 				if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
237 					fprintf(stderr, " %s",
238 					    namelist[c].n_name);
239 			fputc('\n', stderr);
240 		} else
241 			warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
242 		exit(1);
243 	}
244 
245 	if (todo & VMSTAT) {
246 		struct winsize winsize;
247 
248 		/*
249 		 * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
250 		 * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
251 		 * message informing the user of his mistake.
252 		 */
253 		if (checkversion() < 0)
254 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
255 
256 
257 		argv = getdrivedata(argv);
258 		winsize.ws_row = 0;
259 		ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&winsize);
260 		if (winsize.ws_row > 0)
261 			winlines = winsize.ws_row;
262 
263 	}
264 
265 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
266 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
267 	if (*argv) {
268 		interval = atoi(*argv);
269 		if (*++argv)
270 			reps = atoi(*argv);
271 	}
272 #endif
273 
274 	if (interval) {
275 		if (!reps)
276 			reps = -1;
277 	} else if (reps)
278 		interval = 1;
279 
280 #ifdef notyet
281 	if (todo & FORKSTAT)
282 		doforkst();
283 #endif
284 	if (todo & MEMSTAT)
285 		domem();
286 	if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
287 		dozmem();
288 	if (todo & SUMSTAT)
289 		dosum();
290 #ifdef notyet
291 	if (todo & TIMESTAT)
292 		dotimes();
293 #endif
294 	if (todo & INTRSTAT)
295 		dointr();
296 	if (todo & VMSTAT)
297 		dovmstat(interval, reps);
298 	exit(0);
299 }
300 
301 static char **
302 getdrivedata(char **argv)
303 {
304 	if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
305 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
306 
307 	cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
308 	last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
309 	bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
310 	bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
311 
312 	if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
313 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
314 
315 	num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
316 	generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
317 
318 	specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
319 	for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
320 		if (isdigit(**argv))
321 			break;
322 		num_devices_specified++;
323 		specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
324 						     sizeof(char *) *
325 						     num_devices_specified);
326 		specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
327 	}
328 	dev_select = NULL;
329 
330 	if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
331 			maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
335 	 * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
336 	 * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
337 	 * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
338 	 * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
339 	 * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
340 	 * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
341 	 * those devices.
342 	 */
343 	if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
344 		if (buildmatch("da", &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
345 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
346 
347 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
348 	} else
349 		select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
350 
351 	/*
352 	 * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
353 	 * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
354 	 * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
355 	 */
356 	if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
357 		       &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
358 		       num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
359 		       num_devices_specified, select_mode,
360 		       maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
361 		errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
362 
363 	return(argv);
364 }
365 
366 static long
367 getuptime(void)
368 {
369 	static time_t now, boottime;
370 	time_t uptime;
371 
372 	if (boottime == 0)
373 		kread(X_BOOTTIME, &boottime, sizeof(boottime));
374 	time(&now);
375 	uptime = now - boottime;
376 	if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
377 		errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
378 	return(uptime);
379 }
380 
381 int	hdrcnt;
382 
383 static void
384 dovmstat(u_int interval, int reps)
385 {
386 	struct vmtotal total;
387 	time_t uptime, halfuptime;
388 	struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
389 	int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
390 	int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
391 	int vmt_size = sizeof(total);
392 
393 	uptime = getuptime();
394 	halfuptime = uptime / 2;
395 	signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
396 
397 	for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
398 		if (!--hdrcnt)
399 			printhdr();
400 		if (kinfo_get_sched_cputime(&cp_time))
401 			err(1, "kinfo_get_sched_cputime");
402 
403 		tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
404 		last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
405 		cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
406 		last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
407 
408 		/*
409 		 * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
410 		 * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
411 		 * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
412 		 * the selection process again, in case a device that we
413 		 * were previously displaying has gone away.
414 		 */
415 		switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
416 		case -1:
417 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
418 			break;
419 		case 1: {
420 			int retval;
421 
422 			num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
423 			generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
424 
425 			retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
426 					    &num_selections, &select_generation,
427 					    generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
428 					    num_devices, matches, num_matches,
429 					    specified_devices,
430 					    num_devices_specified, select_mode,
431 					    maxshowdevs, 0);
432 			switch (retval) {
433 			case -1:
434 				errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
435 				break;
436 			case 1:
437 				printhdr();
438 				break;
439 			default:
440 				break;
441 			}
442 		}
443 		default:
444 			break;
445 		}
446 
447 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
448 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
449 			exit(1);
450 		}
451 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
452 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmmeter");
453 			exit(1);
454 		}
455 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmtotal", &total, &vmt_size, NULL, 0)) {
456 			perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmtotal");
457 			exit(1);
458 		}
459 		printf("%2d %1d %1d",
460 		    total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
461 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * vms.v_page_size >> 10)
462 #define	rate(x)	(((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)	/* round */
463 		printf(" %7ld %6ld ",
464 		    (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm), (long)vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
465 		printf("%4lu ",
466 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_vm_faults - ovmm.v_vm_faults));
467 		printf("%3lu ",
468 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_reactivated - ovmm.v_reactivated));
469 		printf("%3lu ",
470 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapin + vmm.v_vnodein -
471 		    (ovmm.v_swapin + ovmm.v_vnodein)));
472 		printf("%3lu ",
473 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swapout + vmm.v_vnodeout -
474 		    (ovmm.v_swapout + ovmm.v_vnodeout)));
475 		printf("%3lu ",
476 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_tfree - ovmm.v_tfree));
477 		printf("%3lu ",
478 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_pdpages - ovmm.v_pdpages));
479 		devstats();
480 		printf("%4lu %4lu %3lu ",
481 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_intr - ovmm.v_intr),
482 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_syscall - ovmm.v_syscall),
483 		    (u_long)rate(vmm.v_swtch - ovmm.v_swtch));
484 		cpustats();
485 		printf("\n");
486 		fflush(stdout);
487 		if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
488 			break;
489 		ovmm = vmm;
490 		uptime = interval;
491 		/*
492 		 * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
493 		 * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
494 		 */
495 		if (interval != 1)
496 			halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
497 		else
498 			halfuptime = 0;
499 		sleep(interval);
500 	}
501 }
502 
503 static void
504 printhdr(void)
505 {
506 	int i, num_shown;
507 
508 	num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
509 	printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
510 	if (num_shown > 1)
511 		printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
512 	else if (num_shown == 1)
513 		printf("disk");
514 	printf("   faults      cpu\n");
515 	printf(" r b w     avm    fre  flt  re  pi  po  fr  sr ");
516 	for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
517 		if ((dev_select[i].selected)
518 		 && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
519 			printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
520 				     dev_select[i].device_name[1],
521 				     dev_select[i].unit_number);
522 	printf("  in   sy  cs us sy id\n");
523 	hdrcnt = winlines - 2;
524 }
525 
526 /*
527  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
528  */
529 static void
530 needhdr(__unused int signo)
531 {
532 
533 	hdrcnt = 1;
534 }
535 
536 static long
537 pct(long top, long bot)
538 {
539 	long ans;
540 
541 	if (bot == 0)
542 		return(0);
543 	ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
544 	return (ans);
545 }
546 
547 #define	PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
548 
549 static void
550 dosum(void)
551 {
552 	struct nchstats *nch_tmp, nchstats;
553 	int vms_size = sizeof(vms);
554 	int vmm_size = sizeof(vmm);
555 	int cpucnt;
556 	u_long nchtotal;
557 	size_t nch_size = sizeof(struct nchstats) * SMP_MAXCPU;
558 
559 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmstats", &vms, &vms_size, NULL, 0)) {
560 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
561 		exit(1);
562 	}
563 	if (sysctlbyname("vm.vmmeter", &vmm, &vmm_size, NULL, 0)) {
564 		perror("sysctlbyname: vm.vmstats");
565 		exit(1);
566 	}
567 	printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", vmm.v_swtch);
568 	printf("%9u device interrupts\n", vmm.v_intr);
569 	printf("%9u software interrupts\n", vmm.v_soft);
570 	printf("%9u traps\n", vmm.v_trap);
571 	printf("%9u system calls\n", vmm.v_syscall);
572 	printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", vmm.v_kthreads);
573 	printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", vmm.v_forks);
574 	printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", vmm.v_vforks);
575 	printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", vmm.v_rforks);
576 	printf("%9u exec() calls\n", vmm.v_exec);
577 	printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", vmm.v_swapin);
578 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_swappgsin);
579 	printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_swapout);
580 	printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_swappgsout);
581 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", vmm.v_vnodein);
582 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsin);
583 	printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", vmm.v_vnodeout);
584 	printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", vmm.v_vnodepgsout);
585 	printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", vmm.v_pdwakeups);
586 	printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", vmm.v_pdpages);
587 	printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", vmm.v_reactivated);
588 	printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", vmm.v_cow_faults);
589 	printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", vmm.v_cow_optim);
590 	printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", vmm.v_zfod);
591 	printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", vmm.v_ozfod);
592 	printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", vmm.v_intrans);
593 	printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", vmm.v_vm_faults);
594 	printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", vmm.v_kthreadpages);
595 	printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", vmm.v_forkpages);
596 	printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", vmm.v_vforkpages);
597 	printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", vmm.v_rforkpages);
598 	printf("%9u pages freed\n", vmm.v_tfree);
599 	printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", vmm.v_dfree);
600 	printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", vmm.v_pfree);
601 	printf("%9u pages active\n", vms.v_active_count);
602 	printf("%9u pages inactive\n", vms.v_inactive_count);
603 	printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", vms.v_cache_count);
604 	printf("%9u pages wired down\n", vms.v_wire_count);
605 	printf("%9u pages free\n", vms.v_free_count);
606 	printf("%9u bytes per page\n", vms.v_page_size);
607 
608 	if ((nch_tmp = malloc(nch_size)) == NULL) {
609 		perror("malloc");
610 		exit(1);
611 	} else {
612 		if (sysctlbyname("vfs.cache.nchstats", nch_tmp, &nch_size, NULL, 0)) {
613 			perror("sysctlbyname vfs.cache.nchstats");
614 			free(nch_tmp);
615 			exit(1);
616 		} else {
617 			if ((nch_tmp = realloc(nch_tmp, nch_size)) == NULL) {
618 				perror("realloc");
619 				exit(1);
620 			}
621 		}
622 	}
623 
624 	cpucnt = nch_size / sizeof(struct nchstats);
625 	kvm_nch_cpuagg(nch_tmp, &nchstats, cpucnt);
626 
627 	nchtotal = nchstats.ncs_goodhits + nchstats.ncs_neghits +
628 	    nchstats.ncs_badhits + nchstats.ncs_falsehits +
629 	    nchstats.ncs_miss + nchstats.ncs_long;
630 	printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
631 	printf(
632 	    "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
633 	    "", PCT(nchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
634 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
635 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
636 	printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
637 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
638 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
639 	    PCT(nchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
640 	free(nch_tmp);
641 }
642 
643 #ifdef notyet
644 void
645 doforkst(void)
646 {
647 	struct forkstat fks;
648 
649 	kread(X_FORKSTAT, &fks, sizeof(struct forkstat));
650 	printf("%d forks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
651 	    fks.cntfork, fks.sizfork, (double)fks.sizfork / fks.cntfork);
652 	printf("%d vforks, %d pages, average %.2f\n",
653 	    fks.cntvfork, fks.sizvfork, (double)fks.sizvfork / fks.cntvfork);
654 }
655 #endif
656 
657 static void
658 devstats(void)
659 {
660 	int dn;
661 	long double transfers_per_second;
662 	long double busy_seconds;
663 
664 	diff_cp_time.cp_user = cp_time.cp_user - old_cp_time.cp_user;
665 	diff_cp_time.cp_nice = cp_time.cp_nice - old_cp_time.cp_nice;
666 	diff_cp_time.cp_sys = cp_time.cp_sys - old_cp_time.cp_sys;
667 	diff_cp_time.cp_intr = cp_time.cp_intr - old_cp_time.cp_intr;
668 	diff_cp_time.cp_idle = cp_time.cp_idle - old_cp_time.cp_idle;
669 	old_cp_time = cp_time;
670 
671 	busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
672 
673 	for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
674 		int di;
675 
676 		if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
677 		 || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
678 			continue;
679 
680 		di = dev_select[dn].position;
681 
682 		if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
683 				  &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
684 				  NULL, NULL, NULL,
685 				  NULL, &transfers_per_second, NULL,
686 				  NULL, NULL) != 0)
687 			errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
688 
689 		printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
690 	}
691 }
692 
693 static void
694 cpustats(void)
695 {
696 	uint64_t total;
697 	double totusage;
698 
699 	total = diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice +
700 	    diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr + diff_cp_time.cp_idle;
701 
702 	if (total)
703 		totusage = 100.0 / total;
704 	else
705 		totusage = 0;
706 	printf("%2.0f ",
707 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_user + diff_cp_time.cp_nice) * totusage);
708 	printf("%2.0f ",
709 	       (diff_cp_time.cp_sys + diff_cp_time.cp_intr) * totusage);
710 	printf("%2.0f",
711 	       diff_cp_time.cp_idle * totusage);
712 }
713 
714 static void
715 dointr(void)
716 {
717 	u_long *intrcnt, uptime;
718 	u_int64_t inttotal;
719 	size_t nintr, inamlen, i, size;
720 	int nwidth;
721 	char *intrstr;
722 	char **intrname;
723 
724 	uptime = getuptime();
725 	if (sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", NULL, &inamlen, NULL, 0) != 0)
726 		errx(1, "sysctlbyname");
727 	intrstr = malloc(inamlen);
728 	if (intrstr == NULL)
729 		err(1, "malloc");
730 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrnames", intrstr, &inamlen, NULL, 0);
731 	for (nintr = 0, i = 0; i < inamlen; ++i) {
732 		if (intrstr[i] == 0)
733 			nintr++;
734 	}
735 	intrname = malloc(nintr * sizeof(char *));
736 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
737 		intrname[i] = intrstr;
738 		intrstr += strlen(intrstr) + 1;
739 	}
740 
741 	size = nintr * sizeof(*intrcnt);
742 	intrcnt = malloc(size);
743 	if (intrcnt == NULL)
744 		err(1, "malloc");
745 	sysctlbyname("hw.intrcnt", intrcnt, &size, NULL, 0);
746 
747 	nwidth = 8;
748 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
749 		if (nwidth < (int)strlen(intrname[i]))
750 			nwidth = (int)strlen(intrname[i]);
751 	}
752 
753 	printf("interrupt                   total       rate\n");
754 	inttotal = 0;
755 	for (i = 0; i < nintr; ++i) {
756 		if (intrcnt[i] || strncmp(intrname[i], "irq", 3) != 0) {
757 			printf("%-*.*s %11lu %10lu\n",
758 				nwidth, nwidth, intrname[i],
759 				intrcnt[i], intrcnt[i] / uptime);
760 		}
761 		inttotal += intrcnt[i];
762 	}
763 	printf("%-*.*s %11llu %10llu\n",
764 		nwidth, nwidth, "Total",
765 		inttotal, inttotal / (u_int64_t) uptime);
766 }
767 
768 #define	MAX_KMSTATS	200
769 
770 static long
771 cpuagg(long *ary)
772 {
773     int i;
774     long ttl;
775 
776     for (i = ttl = 0; i < SMP_MAXCPU; ++i)
777 	ttl += ary[i];
778     return(ttl);
779 }
780 
781 static void
782 domem(void)
783 {
784 	struct malloc_type *ks;
785 	int i, j;
786 	int first, nkms;
787 	long totuse = 0, totfree = 0, totreq = 0;
788 	struct malloc_type kmemstats[MAX_KMSTATS], *kmsp;
789 	char buf[1024];
790 
791 	kread(X_KMEMSTATISTICS, &kmsp, sizeof(kmsp));
792 	for (nkms = 0; nkms < MAX_KMSTATS && kmsp != NULL; nkms++) {
793 		if (sizeof(kmemstats[0]) != kvm_read(kd, (u_long)kmsp,
794 		    &kmemstats[nkms], sizeof(kmemstats[0])))
795 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)", (void *)kmsp);
796 		if (sizeof(buf) !=  kvm_read(kd,
797 	            (u_long)kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc, buf, sizeof(buf)))
798 			err(1, "kvm_read(%p)",
799 			    kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc);
800 		buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
801 		kmemstats[nkms].ks_shortdesc = strdup(buf);
802 		kmsp = kmemstats[nkms].ks_next;
803 	}
804 	if (kmsp != NULL)
805 		warnx("truncated to the first %d memory types", nkms);
806 
807 	printf(
808 	    "\nMemory statistics by type                          Type  Kern\n");
809 	printf(
810 "        Type  InUse MemUse HighUse  Limit Requests  Limit Limit Size(s)\n");
811 	for (i = 0, ks = &kmemstats[0]; i < nkms; i++, ks++) {
812 		if (ks->ks_calls == 0)
813 			continue;
814 		printf("%13s%6ld%6ldK%7ldK%7ldK%9lld%5u%6u",
815 		    ks->ks_shortdesc,
816 		    cpuagg(ks->ks_inuse), (cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse) + 1023) / 1024,
817 		    (ks->ks_maxused + 1023) / 1024,
818 		    (ks->ks_limit + 1023) / 1024, ks->ks_calls,
819 		    ks->ks_limblocks, ks->ks_mapblocks);
820 		first = 1;
821 		for (j =  1 << MINBUCKET; j < 1 << (MINBUCKET + 16); j <<= 1) {
822 			if ((ks->ks_size & j) == 0)
823 				continue;
824 			if (first)
825 				printf("  ");
826 			else
827 				printf(",");
828 			if(j<1024)
829 				printf("%d",j);
830 			else
831 				printf("%dK",j>>10);
832 			first = 0;
833 		}
834 		printf("\n");
835 		totuse += cpuagg(ks->ks_memuse);
836 		totreq += ks->ks_calls;
837 	}
838 	printf("\nMemory Totals:  In Use    Free    Requests\n");
839 	printf("              %7ldK %6ldK    %8ld\n",
840 	     (totuse + 1023) / 1024, (totfree + 1023) / 1024, totreq);
841 }
842 
843 static void
844 dozmem(void)
845 {
846 	char *buf;
847 	size_t bufsize;
848 
849 	buf = NULL;
850 	bufsize = 1024;
851 	for (;;) {
852 		if ((buf = realloc(buf, bufsize)) == NULL)
853 			err(1, "realloc()");
854 		if (sysctlbyname("vm.zone", buf, &bufsize, 0, NULL) == 0)
855 			break;
856 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
857 			err(1, "sysctl()");
858 		bufsize *= 2;
859 	}
860 	buf[bufsize] = '\0'; /* play it safe */
861 	printf("%s\n\n", buf);
862 	free(buf);
863 }
864 
865 /*
866  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
867  */
868 static void
869 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
870 {
871 	const char *sym;
872 
873 	if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
874 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
875 		if (*sym == '_')
876 			++sym;
877 		errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
878 	}
879 	if (kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value, addr, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
880 		sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
881 		if (*sym == '_')
882 			++sym;
883 		errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
884 	}
885 }
886 
887 static void
888 usage(void)
889 {
890 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
891 		"usage: vmstat [-imsz] [-c count] [-M core] [-N system] [-w wait]\n",
892 		"              [-n devs] [disks]\n");
893 	exit(1);
894 }
895