1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230130: 31 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 32 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 33 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 34 3520230126: 36 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 37 system are now built unconditionally. 38 3920230113: 40 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 41 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 42 4320221212: 44 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 45 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 46 47 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 48 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 49 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 50 5120221205: 52 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 53 to reenable sendmail(8): 54 55 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 56 57 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 58 5920221204: 60 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 61 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 62 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 63 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 64 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 65 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 66 67 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 68 6920221122: 70 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 71 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 72 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 73 7420221121: 75 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 76 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 77 7820221026: 79 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 80 for pkgbase users to do: 81 82 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 83 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 84 85 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 86 installed. 87 8820220610: 89 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 90 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 91 9220211230: 93 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 94 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 95 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 96 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 97 reflect this change. 98 9920211214: 100 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 101 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 102 10320211209: 104 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 105 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 106 the coming days and weeks. 107 108 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 109 or touch 110 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 111 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 112 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 113 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 114 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 115 11620211202: 117 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 118 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 119 statement in unbound.conf: 120 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 121 122 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 123 124 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 125 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 126 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 127 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 128 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 129 such names when roaming to different homenets. 130 13120211110: 132 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 133 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 134 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 135 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 136 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 137 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 138 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 139 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 140 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 141 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 142 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 143 14420211118: 145 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 146 tree shortly. 147 14820211106: 149 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 150 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 151 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 152 may need to be modified. 153 15420211022: 155 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 156 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 157 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 158 15920211020: 160 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 161 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 162 163 # chsh -s csh 164 16520211004: 166 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 167 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 168 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 169 this change. 170 17120210923: 172 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 173 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 174 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 175 list of modules to load on their systems. 176 17720210922: 178 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 179 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 180 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 181 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 182 18320210911: 184 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 185 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 186 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 187 being loaded. 188 18920210817: 190 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 191 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 192 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 193 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 194 application-specific configuration option for applications 195 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 196 19720210811: 198 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 199 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 200 20120210730: 202 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 203 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 204 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 205 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 206 20720210729: 208 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 209 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 210 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 211 21220210716: 213 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 214 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 215 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 216 21720210715: 218 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 219 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 220 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 221 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 222 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 223 to update your sources past the above hash and do 224 % cd usr.bin/awk 225 % make clean all 226 % sudo -E make install 227 to enable building kernels again. 228 22920210708: 230 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 231 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 232 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 233 23420210707: 235 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 236 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 237 23820210624: 239 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 240 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 241 for NFSv4 mounts. 242 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 243 24420210618: 245 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 246 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 247 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 248 additions and others. 249 25020210618: 251 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 252 renamed to "untrusted". 253 25420210611: 255 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 256 please install the svn package or port. 257 25820210611: 259 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 260 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 261 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 262 26320210610: 264 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 265 26620210608: 267 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 268 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 269https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 270 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 271 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 272 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 273 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 274 27520210525: 276 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 277 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 278 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 279 detect this. 280 28120210513: 282 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 283 libraries and utilities are packaged. 284 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 285 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 286 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 287 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 288 on the system. 289 29020210426: 291 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 292 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 293 need to be rebuilt from sources. 294 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 295 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 296 is not recommended. 297 29820210411: 299 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 300 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 301 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 302 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 303 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 304 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 305 30620210330: 307 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 308 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 309 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 310 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 311 31220210225: 313 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 314 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 315 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 316 31720210128: 318 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 319 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 320 update. 321 32220210108: 323 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 324 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 325 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 326 since it was bumped so recently. 327 32820210107: 329 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 330 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 331 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 332 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 333 33420210105: 335 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 336 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 337 requires a clean build. 338 33920201223: 340 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 341 instructions can be found at 342 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 343 and other documents in that repo. 344 34520201216: 346 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 347 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 348 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 349 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 350 35120201215: 352 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 353 may be installed from ports or packages. 354 35520201124: 356 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 357 See ping(8) for details. 358 35920201108: 360 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 361 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 362 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 363 36420201030: 365 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 366 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 367 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 368 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 369 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 370 37120201026: 372 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 373 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 374 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 375 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 376 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 377 find. 378 37920200923: 380 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 381 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 382 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 383 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 384 385 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 386 command you want to un-auger the tree is 387 cd sys/amd64/conf 388 svn revert -R . 389 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 390 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 391 39220200824: 393 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 394 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 395 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 396 unless you want to use new features. 397 398 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 399 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 400 rebuilding world may fail. 401 402 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 403 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 404 405 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 406 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 407 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 408 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 409 41020200824: 411 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 412 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 413 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 414 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 415 41620200821: 417 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 418 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 419 sources. 420 42120200817: 422 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 423 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 424 42520200816: 426 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 427 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 428 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 429 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 430 43120200810: 432 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 433 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 434 from sources, so a version bump was done. 435 43620200807: 437 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 438 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 439 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 440 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 441 44220200729: 443 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 444 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 445 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 446 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 447 continue to function. 448 449 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 450 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 451 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 452 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 453 45420200627: 455 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 456 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 457 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 458 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 459 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 460 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 461 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 462 46320200625: 464 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 465 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 466 46720200613: 468 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 469 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 470 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 471 47220200604: 473 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 474 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 475 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 476 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 477 478 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 479 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 480 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 481 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 482 /root/.shrc. 483 48420200523: 485 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 486 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 487 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 488 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 489 49020200512: 491 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 492 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 493 49420200424: 495 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 496 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 497 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 498 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 499 be functional without closefrom(2). 500 50120200414: 502 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 503 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 504 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 505 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 506 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 507 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 508 50920200310: 510 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 511 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 512 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 513 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 514 51520200309: 516 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 517 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 518 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 519 52020200301: 521 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 522 52320200229: 524 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 525 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 526 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 527 52820200229: 529 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 530 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 531 53220200229: 533 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 534 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 535 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 536 ports or packages. 537 53820200220: 539 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 540 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 541 ncurses. 542 54320200217: 544 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 545 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 546 together with their new kernel. 547 54820200212: 549 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 550 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 551 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 552 553 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 554 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 555 55620200108: 557 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 558 linker for riscv64. 559 56020200107: 561 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 562 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 563 external toolchain package. 564 56520200104: 566 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 567 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 568 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 569 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 570 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 571 57220200102: 573 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 574 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 575 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 576 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 577 57820191226: 579 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 580 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 581 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 582 ABI. 583 58420191226: 585 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 586 58720191222: 588 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 589 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 590 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 591 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 592 59320191212: 594 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 595 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 596 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 597 59820191205: 599 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 600 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 601 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 602 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 603 differences between those included in the port and those included in 604 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 605 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 606 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 607 60820191120: 609 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 610 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 611 for automounting. 612 61320191107: 614 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 615 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 616 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 617 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 618 add superio to the set. 619 62020191021: 621 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 622 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 623 62420191021: 625 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 626 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 627 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 628 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 629 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 630 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 631 completely in the future. 632 63320191009: 634 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 635 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 636 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 637 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 638 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 639 will be removed from the list. 640 64120191009: 642 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 643 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 644 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 645 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 646 64720191003: 648 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 649 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 650 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 651 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 652 65320190913: 654 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 655 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 656 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 657 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 658 65920190823: 660 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 661 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 662 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 663 66420190727: 665 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 666 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 667 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 668 your scripts, because they had no effect. 669 670 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 671 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 672 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 673 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 674 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 675 67620190713: 677 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 678 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 679 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 680 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 681 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 682 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 683 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 684 68520190620: 686 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 687 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 688 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 689 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 690 69120190612: 692 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 693 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 694 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 695 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 696 69720190608: 698 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 699 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 700 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 701 70220190513: 703 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 704 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 705 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 706 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 707 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 708 avoid running into the limit. 709 71020190507: 711 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 712 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 713 71420190507: 715 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 716 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 717 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 718 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 719 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 720 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 721 72220190418: 723 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 724 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 725 entropy: 726 727 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 728 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 729 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 730 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 731 availability properties. 732 733 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 734 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 735 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 736 initial condition, if desired. 737 738 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 739 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 740 741 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 742 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 743 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 744 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 745 74620190416: 747 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 748 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 749 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 750 therefore unblocked). 751 75220190404: 753 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 754 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 755 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 756 is added to the command line. 757 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 758 not affected and should continue to work. 759 76020190320: 761 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 762 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 763 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 764 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 765 76620190304: 767 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 768 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 769 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 770 or higher. 771 77220190226: 773 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 774 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 775 kernel config. 776 77720190219: 778 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 779 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 780 migrating to the drm ports. 781 78220190131: 783 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 784 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 785 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 786 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 787 is loaded automatically. 788 78920190125: 790 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 791 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 792 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 793 kernel config files. 794 79520181230: 796 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 797 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 798 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 799 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 800 80120181220: 802 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 803 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 804 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 805 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 806 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 807 most NFSv4 mounts. 808 80920181219: 810 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 811 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 812 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 813 814 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 815 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 816 817 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 818 removed from the mips port. 819 82020181211: 821 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 822 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 823 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 824 or higher. 825 82620181211: 827 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 828 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 829 83020181126: 831 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 832 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 833 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 834 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 835 83620181123: 837 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 838 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 839 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 840 84120181115: 842 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 843 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 844 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 845 FreeBSD versions. 846 84720181110: 848 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 849 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 850 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 851 852 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 853 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 854 being included using the command: 855 $ newsyslog -Nrv 856 85720181015: 858 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 859 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 860 drm-legacy-kmod. 861 862 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 863 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 864 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 865 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 866 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 867 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 868 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 869 that as you will get better support. 870 871 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 872 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 873 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 874 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 875 876 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 877 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 878 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 879 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 880 shortly. 881 88220181012: 883 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 884 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 885 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 886 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 887 be adjusted as necessary. 888 88920181009: 890 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 891 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 892 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 893 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 894 89520181006: 896 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 897 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 898 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 899 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 900 encouraged. 901 90220181002: 903 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 904 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 905 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 906 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 907 nda device name. 908 90920180913: 910 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 911 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 912 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 913 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 914 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 915 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 916 91720180826: 918 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 919 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 920 default since FreeBSD-11. 921 92220180822: 923 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 924 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 925 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 926 92720180818: 928 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 929 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 930 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 931 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 932 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 933 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 934 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 935 936 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 937 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 938 93920180815: 940 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 941 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 942 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 943 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 944 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 945 may not be observed in a future release. 946 94720180808: 948 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 949 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 950 your environment. 951 95220180731: 953 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 954 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 955 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 956 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 957 95820180730: 959 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 960 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 961 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 962 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 963 runtime services. 964 96520180727: 966 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 967 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 968 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 969 97020180723: 971 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 972 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 973 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 974 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 975 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 976 97720180720: 978 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 979 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 980 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 981 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 982 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 983 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 984 98520180719: 986 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 987 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 988 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 989 boot_serial=YES 990 boot_multicons=YES 991 in /boot/loader.conf 992 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 993 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 994 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 995 99620180719: 997 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 998 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 999 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1000 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1001 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1002 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1003 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1004 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1005 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1006 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1007 by the ntpd user. 1008 100920180717: 1010 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1011 101220180711: 1013 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1014 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1015 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1016 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1017 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1018 101920180705: 1020 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1021 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1022 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1023 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1024 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1025 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1026 102720180702: 1028 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1029 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1030 103120180701: 1032 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1033 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1034 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1035 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1036 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1037 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1038 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1039 104020180630: 1041 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1042 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1043 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1044 or higher. 1045 104620180628: 1047 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1048 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1049 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1050 file. 1051 105220180612: 1053 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1054 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1055 105620180530: 1057 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1058 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1059 longer necessary. 1060 106120180530: 1062 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1063 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1064 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1065 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1066 106720180523: 1068 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1069 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1070 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1071 later than r334108. 1072 107320180517: 1074 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1075 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1076 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1077 it must be removed. 1078 107920180510: 1080 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1081 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1082 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1083 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1084 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1085 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1086 will go away. 1087 1088 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1089 workaround is necessary. 1090 109120180508: 1092 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1093 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1094 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1095 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1096 109720180504: 1098 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1099 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1100 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1101 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1102 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1103 110420180502: 1105 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1106 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1107 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1108 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1109 111020180501: 1111 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1112 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1113 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1114 be removed. 1115 111620180413: 1117 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1118 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1119 removed. 1120 112120180411: 1122 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1123 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1124 removed. 1125 112620180406: 1127 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1128 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1129 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1130 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1131 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1132 1133 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1134 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1135 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1136 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1137 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1138 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1139 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1140 1141 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1142 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1143 1144 source src { 1145 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1146 } 1147 1148 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1149 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1150 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1151 1152 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1153 1154 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1155 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1156 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1157 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1158 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1159 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1160 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1161 1162 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1163 change. 1164 116520180328: 1166 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1167 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1168 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1169 117020180323: 1171 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1172 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1173 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1174 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1175 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1176 should be as simple as: 1177 1178 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1179 $ make depend all install 1180 118120180212: 1182 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1183 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1184 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1185 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1186 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1187 provisions for backup boot methods. 1188 118920180211: 1190 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1191 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1192 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1193 imp@freebsd.org. 1194 119520180114: 1196 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1197 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1198 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1199 or higher. 1200 120120180110: 1202 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1203 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1204 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1205 1206 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1207 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1208 120920180110: 1210 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1211 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1212 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1213 remove it from kernel config files. 1214 121520180104: 1216 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1217 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1218 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1219 1220 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1221 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1222 122320180102: 1224 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1225 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1226 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1227 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1228 122920171215: 1230 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1231 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1232 123320171214: 1234 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1235 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1236 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1237 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1238 123920171125: 1240 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1241 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1242 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1243 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1244 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1245 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1246 124720171110: 1248 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1249 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1250 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1251 125220171106: 1253 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1254 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1255 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1256 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1257 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1258 125920171102: 1260 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1261 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1262 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1263 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1264 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1265 environment. 1266 126720171101: 1268 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1269 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1270 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1271 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1272 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1273 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1274 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1275 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1276 than hardcoding paths. 1277 127820171028: 1279 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1280 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1281 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1282 128320171021: 1284 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1285 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1286 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1287 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1288 128920171010: 1290 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1291 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1292 129320171005: 1294 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1295 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1296 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1297 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1298 129920171003: 1300 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1301 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1302 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1303 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1304 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1305 130620170912: 1307 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1308 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1309 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1310 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1311 /etc/ctl.conf . 1312 131320170912: 1314 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1315 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1316 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1317 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1318 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1319 132020170826: 1321 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1322 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1323 132420170825: 1325 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1326 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1327 to complete. 1328 132920170814: 1330 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1331 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1332 ${TESTSDIR}. 1333 1334 Behavioral changes: 1335 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1336 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1337 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1338 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1339 1340 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1341 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1342 sandbox if successful. 1343 1344 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1345 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1346 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1347 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1348 an unprivileged user. 1349 135020170808: 1351 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1352 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1353 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1354 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1355 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1356 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1357 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1358 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1359 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1360 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1361 to which you should answer yes. 1362 136320170728: 1364 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1365 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1366 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1367 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1368 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1369 137020170722: 1371 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1372 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1373 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1374 137520170701: 1376 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1377 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1378 137920170625: 1380 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1381 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1382 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1383 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1384 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1385 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1386 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1387 138820170623: 1389 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1390 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1391 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1392 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1393 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1394 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1395 139620170620: 1397 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1398 if you require the GPL compiler. 1399 140020170618: 1401 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1402 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1403 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1404 140520170617: 1406 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1407 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1408 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1409 followed. 1410 141120170531: 1412 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1413 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1414 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1415 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1416 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1417 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1418 141920170524: 1420 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1421 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1422 which only require one chipset support. 1423 1424 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1425 1426 if_ath_load="YES" 1427 1428 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1429 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1430 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1431 1432 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1433 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1434 1435 * load ath_hal 1436 * load the chip modules in question 1437 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1438 * load ath_main 1439 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1440 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1441 1442 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1443 144420170523: 1445 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1446 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1447 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1448 1449 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1450 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1451 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1452 1453 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1454 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1455 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1456 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1457 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1458 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1459 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1460 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1461 146220170424: 1463 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1464 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1465 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1466 146720170420: 1468 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1469 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1470 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1471 147220170413: 1473 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1474 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1475 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1476 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1477 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1478 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1479 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1480 148120170407: 1482 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1483 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1484 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1485 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1486 148720170405: 1488 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1489 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1490 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1491 149220170331: 1493 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1494 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1495 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1496 149720170329: 1498 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1499 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1500 1501 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1502 via one of the following methods: 1503 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1504 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1505 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1506 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1507 1508 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1509 151020170316: 1511 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1512 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1513 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1514 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1515 with mmc.ko). 1516 151720170315: 1518 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1519 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1520 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1521 be prefixed with colon. 1522 152320170311: 1524 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1525 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1526 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1527 152820170302: 1529 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1530 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1531 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1532 153320170221: 1534 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1535 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1536 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1537 change. 1538 153920170216: 1540 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1541 valid. 1542 154320170215: 1544 MCA bus support has been removed. 1545 154620170127: 1547 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1548 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1549 155020170112: 1551 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1552 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1553 155420170109: 1555 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1556 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1557 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1558 configuration. 1559 156020161217: 1561 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1562 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1563 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1564 156520161124: 1566 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1567 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1568 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1569 157020161119: 1571 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1572 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1573 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1574 157520161030: 1576 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1577 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1578 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1579 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1580 158120161017: 1582 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1583 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1584 parts. 1585 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1586 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1587 158820161015: 1589 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1590 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1591 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1592 removed from base. 1593 159420161008: 1595 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1596 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1597 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1598 159920161003: 1600 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1601 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1602 160320160924: 1604 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1605 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1606 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1607 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1608 160920160918: 1610 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1611 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1612 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1613 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1614 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1615 161620160918: 1617 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1618 161920160908: 1620 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1621 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1622 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1623 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1624 162520160824: 1626 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1627 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1628 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1629 to 1200005. 1630 163120160818: 1632 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1633 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1634 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1635 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1636 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1637 0. 1638 163920160818: 1640 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1641 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1642 164320160708: 1644 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1645 1646After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1647from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1648entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1649UPDATING file. 1650 1651COMMON ITEMS: 1652 1653 General Notes 1654 ------------- 1655 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1656 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1657 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1658 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1659 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1660 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1661 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1662 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1663 1664 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1665 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1666 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1667 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1668 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1669 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1670 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1671 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1672 an exception. 1673 1674 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1675 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1676 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1677 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1678 step. 1679 1680 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1681 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1682 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1683 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1684 1685 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1686 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1687 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1688 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1689 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1690 should write them with this in mind. 1691 1692 ZFS notes 1693 --------- 1694 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1695 always follow these three steps: 1696 1697 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1698 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1699 1700 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1701 doing a zpool upgrade): 1702 1703 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1704 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1705 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1706 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1707 1708 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1709 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1710 zpool upgrade. 1711 1712 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1713 1714 EFI notes 1715 --------- 1716 1717 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1718 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1719 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1720 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1721 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1722 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1723 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1724 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1725 1726 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1727 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1728 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1729 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1730 1731 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1732 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1733 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1734 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1735 1736 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1737 1738 To build a kernel 1739 ----------------- 1740 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1741 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1742 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1743 1744 make kernel-toolchain 1745 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1746 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1747 1748 To test a kernel once 1749 --------------------- 1750 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1751 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1752 debugging information) run 1753 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1754 nextboot -k testkernel 1755 1756 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1757 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1758 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1759 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1760 1761 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1762 make buildworld 1763 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1764 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1765 [1] 1766 <reboot in single user> [3] 1767 etcupdate -p [5] 1768 make installworld 1769 etcupdate -B [4] 1770 make delete-old [6] 1771 <reboot> 1772 1773 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1774 -------------------------------------------------- 1775 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1776 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1777 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1778 # size. 1779 1780 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1781 <boot into -stable> 1782 make buildworld 1783 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1784 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1785 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1786 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1787 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1788 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1789 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1790 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1791 <reboot into current> 1792 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1793 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1794 <reboot> 1795 1796 1797 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1798 ---------------------------------------------- 1799 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1800 make buildworld [9] 1801 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1802 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1803 [1] 1804 <reboot in single user> [3] 1805 etcupdate -p [5] 1806 make installworld 1807 etcupdate -B [4] 1808 make delete-old [6] 1809 <reboot> 1810 1811 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1812 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1813 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1814 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1815 the UPDATING entries. 1816 1817 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1818 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1819 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1820 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1821 much fewer pitfalls. 1822 1823 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1824 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1825 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1826 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1827 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1828 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1829 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1830 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1831 and effective, eg: 1832 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1833 1834 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1835 fsck -p 1836 mount -u / 1837 mount -a 1838 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1839 cd src # full path to source 1840 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1841 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1842 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1843 1844 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1845 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1846 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1847 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1848 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1849 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1850 1851 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1852 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1853 step. 1854 1855 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1856 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1857 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1858 1859 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1860 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1861 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1862 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1863 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1864 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1865 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1866 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1867 1868 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1869 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1870 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1871 for these as well. 1872 1873 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1874 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1875 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1876 1877 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1878 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1879 warn if it is improperly defined. 1880FORMAT: 1881 1882This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1883breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1884list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1885If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1886to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1887 1888Copyright information: 1889 1890Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1891 1892Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1893modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1894document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1895 1896THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1897IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1898WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1899DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1900INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1901(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1902SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1903HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1904STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1905IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1906POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1907 1908Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1909this document. 1910 1911$FreeBSD$ 1912