1 //===---- KCFI.cpp - Implements Kernel Control-Flow Integrity (KCFI) ------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This pass implements Kernel Control-Flow Integrity (KCFI) indirect call
10 // check lowering. For each call instruction with a cfi-type attribute, it
11 // emits an arch-specific check before the call, and bundles the check and
12 // the call to prevent unintentional modifications.
13 //
14 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
15 
16 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
17 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
18 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstrBuilder.h"
19 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstrBundle.h"
20 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineModuleInfo.h"
21 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetInstrInfo.h"
22 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetLowering.h"
23 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
24 #include "llvm/InitializePasses.h"
25 
26 using namespace llvm;
27 
28 #define DEBUG_TYPE "kcfi"
29 #define KCFI_PASS_NAME "Insert KCFI indirect call checks"
30 
31 STATISTIC(NumKCFIChecksAdded, "Number of indirect call checks added");
32 
33 namespace {
34 class KCFI : public MachineFunctionPass {
35 public:
36   static char ID;
37 
38   KCFI() : MachineFunctionPass(ID) {}
39 
40   StringRef getPassName() const override { return KCFI_PASS_NAME; }
41   bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) override;
42 
43 private:
44   /// Machine instruction info used throughout the class.
45   const TargetInstrInfo *TII = nullptr;
46 
47   /// Target lowering for arch-specific parts.
48   const TargetLowering *TLI = nullptr;
49 
50   /// Emits a KCFI check before an indirect call.
51   /// \returns true if the check was added and false otherwise.
52   bool emitCheck(MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
53                  MachineBasicBlock::instr_iterator I) const;
54 };
55 
56 char KCFI::ID = 0;
57 } // end anonymous namespace
58 
59 INITIALIZE_PASS(KCFI, DEBUG_TYPE, KCFI_PASS_NAME, false, false)
60 
61 FunctionPass *llvm::createKCFIPass() { return new KCFI(); }
62 
63 bool KCFI::emitCheck(MachineBasicBlock &MBB,
64                      MachineBasicBlock::instr_iterator MBBI) const {
65   assert(TII && "Target instruction info was not initialized");
66   assert(TLI && "Target lowering was not initialized");
67 
68   // If the call instruction is bundled, we can only emit a check safely if
69   // it's the first instruction in the bundle.
70   if (MBBI->isBundled() && !std::prev(MBBI)->isBundle())
71     report_fatal_error("Cannot emit a KCFI check for a bundled call");
72 
73   // Emit a KCFI check for the call instruction at MBBI. The implementation
74   // must unfold memory operands if applicable.
75   MachineInstr *Check = TLI->EmitKCFICheck(MBB, MBBI, TII);
76 
77   // Clear the original call's CFI type.
78   assert(MBBI->isCall() && "Unexpected instruction type");
79   MBBI->setCFIType(*MBB.getParent(), 0);
80 
81   // If not already bundled, bundle the check and the call to prevent
82   // further changes.
83   if (!MBBI->isBundled())
84     finalizeBundle(MBB, Check->getIterator(), std::next(MBBI->getIterator()));
85 
86   ++NumKCFIChecksAdded;
87   return true;
88 }
89 
90 bool KCFI::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) {
91   const Module *M = MF.getMMI().getModule();
92   if (!M->getModuleFlag("kcfi"))
93     return false;
94 
95   const auto &SubTarget = MF.getSubtarget();
96   TII = SubTarget.getInstrInfo();
97   TLI = SubTarget.getTargetLowering();
98 
99   bool Changed = false;
100   for (MachineBasicBlock &MBB : MF) {
101     // Use instr_iterator because we don't want to skip bundles.
102     for (MachineBasicBlock::instr_iterator MII = MBB.instr_begin(),
103                                            MIE = MBB.instr_end();
104          MII != MIE; ++MII) {
105       if (MII->isCall() && MII->getCFIType())
106         Changed |= emitCheck(MBB, MII);
107     }
108   }
109 
110   return Changed;
111 }
112