1 //===- Signals.cpp - Signal Handling support --------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file defines some helpful functions for dealing with the possibility of
10 // Unix signals occurring while your program is running.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 
14 #include "llvm/Support/Signals.h"
15 
16 #include "DebugOptions.h"
17 
18 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
20 #include "llvm/Config/llvm-config.h"
21 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
22 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorOr.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/Format.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/FormatAdapters.h"
27 #include "llvm/Support/FormatVariadic.h"
28 #include "llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h"
29 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
30 #include "llvm/Support/Mutex.h"
31 #include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
32 #include "llvm/Support/StringSaver.h"
33 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
34 #include <vector>
35 
36 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
37 //=== WARNING: Implementation here must contain only TRULY operating system
38 //===          independent code.
39 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
40 
41 using namespace llvm;
42 
43 // Use explicit storage to avoid accessing cl::opt in a signal handler.
44 static bool DisableSymbolicationFlag = false;
45 static ManagedStatic<std::string> CrashDiagnosticsDirectory;
46 namespace {
47 struct CreateDisableSymbolication {
48   static void *call() {
49     return new cl::opt<bool, true>(
50         "disable-symbolication",
51         cl::desc("Disable symbolizing crash backtraces."),
52         cl::location(DisableSymbolicationFlag), cl::Hidden);
53   }
54 };
55 struct CreateCrashDiagnosticsDir {
56   static void *call() {
57     return new cl::opt<std::string, true>(
58         "crash-diagnostics-dir", cl::value_desc("directory"),
59         cl::desc("Directory for crash diagnostic files."),
60         cl::location(*CrashDiagnosticsDirectory), cl::Hidden);
61   }
62 };
63 } // namespace
64 void llvm::initSignalsOptions() {
65   static ManagedStatic<cl::opt<bool, true>, CreateDisableSymbolication>
66       DisableSymbolication;
67   static ManagedStatic<cl::opt<std::string, true>, CreateCrashDiagnosticsDir>
68       CrashDiagnosticsDir;
69   *DisableSymbolication;
70   *CrashDiagnosticsDir;
71 }
72 
73 constexpr char DisableSymbolizationEnv[] = "LLVM_DISABLE_SYMBOLIZATION";
74 constexpr char LLVMSymbolizerPathEnv[] = "LLVM_SYMBOLIZER_PATH";
75 
76 // Callbacks to run in signal handler must be lock-free because a signal handler
77 // could be running as we add new callbacks. We don't add unbounded numbers of
78 // callbacks, an array is therefore sufficient.
79 struct CallbackAndCookie {
80   sys::SignalHandlerCallback Callback;
81   void *Cookie;
82   enum class Status { Empty, Initializing, Initialized, Executing };
83   std::atomic<Status> Flag;
84 };
85 static constexpr size_t MaxSignalHandlerCallbacks = 8;
86 static CallbackAndCookie CallBacksToRun[MaxSignalHandlerCallbacks];
87 
88 // Signal-safe.
89 void sys::RunSignalHandlers() {
90   for (size_t I = 0; I < MaxSignalHandlerCallbacks; ++I) {
91     auto &RunMe = CallBacksToRun[I];
92     auto Expected = CallbackAndCookie::Status::Initialized;
93     auto Desired = CallbackAndCookie::Status::Executing;
94     if (!RunMe.Flag.compare_exchange_strong(Expected, Desired))
95       continue;
96     (*RunMe.Callback)(RunMe.Cookie);
97     RunMe.Callback = nullptr;
98     RunMe.Cookie = nullptr;
99     RunMe.Flag.store(CallbackAndCookie::Status::Empty);
100   }
101 }
102 
103 // Signal-safe.
104 static void insertSignalHandler(sys::SignalHandlerCallback FnPtr,
105                                 void *Cookie) {
106   for (size_t I = 0; I < MaxSignalHandlerCallbacks; ++I) {
107     auto &SetMe = CallBacksToRun[I];
108     auto Expected = CallbackAndCookie::Status::Empty;
109     auto Desired = CallbackAndCookie::Status::Initializing;
110     if (!SetMe.Flag.compare_exchange_strong(Expected, Desired))
111       continue;
112     SetMe.Callback = FnPtr;
113     SetMe.Cookie = Cookie;
114     SetMe.Flag.store(CallbackAndCookie::Status::Initialized);
115     return;
116   }
117   report_fatal_error("too many signal callbacks already registered");
118 }
119 
120 static bool findModulesAndOffsets(void **StackTrace, int Depth,
121                                   const char **Modules, intptr_t *Offsets,
122                                   const char *MainExecutableName,
123                                   StringSaver &StrPool);
124 
125 /// Format a pointer value as hexadecimal. Zero pad it out so its always the
126 /// same width.
127 static FormattedNumber format_ptr(void *PC) {
128   // Each byte is two hex digits plus 2 for the 0x prefix.
129   unsigned PtrWidth = 2 + 2 * sizeof(void *);
130   return format_hex((uint64_t)PC, PtrWidth);
131 }
132 
133 /// Helper that launches llvm-symbolizer and symbolizes a backtrace.
134 LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_USED
135 static bool printSymbolizedStackTrace(StringRef Argv0, void **StackTrace,
136                                       int Depth, llvm::raw_ostream &OS) {
137   if (DisableSymbolicationFlag || getenv(DisableSymbolizationEnv))
138     return false;
139 
140   // Don't recursively invoke the llvm-symbolizer binary.
141   if (Argv0.find("llvm-symbolizer") != std::string::npos)
142     return false;
143 
144   // FIXME: Subtract necessary number from StackTrace entries to turn return addresses
145   // into actual instruction addresses.
146   // Use llvm-symbolizer tool to symbolize the stack traces. First look for it
147   // alongside our binary, then in $PATH.
148   ErrorOr<std::string> LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr = std::error_code();
149   if (const char *Path = getenv(LLVMSymbolizerPathEnv)) {
150     LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr = sys::findProgramByName(Path);
151   } else if (!Argv0.empty()) {
152     StringRef Parent = llvm::sys::path::parent_path(Argv0);
153     if (!Parent.empty())
154       LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr = sys::findProgramByName("llvm-symbolizer", Parent);
155   }
156   if (!LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr)
157     LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr = sys::findProgramByName("llvm-symbolizer");
158   if (!LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr)
159     return false;
160   const std::string &LLVMSymbolizerPath = *LLVMSymbolizerPathOrErr;
161 
162   // If we don't know argv0 or the address of main() at this point, try
163   // to guess it anyway (it's possible on some platforms).
164   std::string MainExecutableName =
165       sys::fs::exists(Argv0) ? (std::string)std::string(Argv0)
166                              : sys::fs::getMainExecutable(nullptr, nullptr);
167   BumpPtrAllocator Allocator;
168   StringSaver StrPool(Allocator);
169   std::vector<const char *> Modules(Depth, nullptr);
170   std::vector<intptr_t> Offsets(Depth, 0);
171   if (!findModulesAndOffsets(StackTrace, Depth, Modules.data(), Offsets.data(),
172                              MainExecutableName.c_str(), StrPool))
173     return false;
174   int InputFD;
175   SmallString<32> InputFile, OutputFile;
176   sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("symbolizer-input", "", InputFD, InputFile);
177   sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("symbolizer-output", "", OutputFile);
178   FileRemover InputRemover(InputFile.c_str());
179   FileRemover OutputRemover(OutputFile.c_str());
180 
181   {
182     raw_fd_ostream Input(InputFD, true);
183     for (int i = 0; i < Depth; i++) {
184       if (Modules[i])
185         Input << Modules[i] << " " << (void*)Offsets[i] << "\n";
186     }
187   }
188 
189   Optional<StringRef> Redirects[] = {InputFile.str(), OutputFile.str(),
190                                      StringRef("")};
191   StringRef Args[] = {"llvm-symbolizer", "--functions=linkage", "--inlining",
192 #ifdef _WIN32
193                       // Pass --relative-address on Windows so that we don't
194                       // have to add ImageBase from PE file.
195                       // FIXME: Make this the default for llvm-symbolizer.
196                       "--relative-address",
197 #endif
198                       "--demangle"};
199   int RunResult =
200       sys::ExecuteAndWait(LLVMSymbolizerPath, Args, None, Redirects);
201   if (RunResult != 0)
202     return false;
203 
204   // This report format is based on the sanitizer stack trace printer.  See
205   // sanitizer_stacktrace_printer.cc in compiler-rt.
206   auto OutputBuf = MemoryBuffer::getFile(OutputFile.c_str());
207   if (!OutputBuf)
208     return false;
209   StringRef Output = OutputBuf.get()->getBuffer();
210   SmallVector<StringRef, 32> Lines;
211   Output.split(Lines, "\n");
212   auto CurLine = Lines.begin();
213   int frame_no = 0;
214   for (int i = 0; i < Depth; i++) {
215     auto PrintLineHeader = [&]() {
216       OS << right_justify(formatv("#{0}", frame_no++).str(),
217                           std::log10(Depth) + 2)
218          << ' ' << format_ptr(StackTrace[i]) << ' ';
219     };
220     if (!Modules[i]) {
221       PrintLineHeader();
222       OS << '\n';
223       continue;
224     }
225     // Read pairs of lines (function name and file/line info) until we
226     // encounter empty line.
227     for (;;) {
228       if (CurLine == Lines.end())
229         return false;
230       StringRef FunctionName = *CurLine++;
231       if (FunctionName.empty())
232         break;
233       PrintLineHeader();
234       if (!FunctionName.startswith("??"))
235         OS << FunctionName << ' ';
236       if (CurLine == Lines.end())
237         return false;
238       StringRef FileLineInfo = *CurLine++;
239       if (!FileLineInfo.startswith("??"))
240         OS << FileLineInfo;
241       else
242         OS << "(" << Modules[i] << '+' << format_hex(Offsets[i], 0) << ")";
243       OS << "\n";
244     }
245   }
246   return true;
247 }
248 
249 // Include the platform-specific parts of this class.
250 #ifdef LLVM_ON_UNIX
251 #include "Unix/Signals.inc"
252 #endif
253 #ifdef _WIN32
254 #include "Windows/Signals.inc"
255 #endif
256