1 /*
2  * iterator/iter_hints.c - iterative resolver module stub and root hints.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /**
37  * \file
38  *
39  * This file contains functions to assist the iterator module.
40  * Keep track of stub and root hints, and read those from config.
41  */
42 #include "config.h"
43 #include "iterator/iter_hints.h"
44 #include "iterator/iter_delegpt.h"
45 #include "util/log.h"
46 #include "util/config_file.h"
47 #include "util/net_help.h"
48 #include "util/data/dname.h"
49 #include "sldns/rrdef.h"
50 #include "sldns/str2wire.h"
51 #include "sldns/wire2str.h"
52 
53 struct iter_hints*
54 hints_create(void)
55 {
56 	struct iter_hints* hints = (struct iter_hints*)calloc(1,
57 		sizeof(struct iter_hints));
58 	if(!hints)
59 		return NULL;
60 	return hints;
61 }
62 
63 static void hints_stub_free(struct iter_hints_stub* s)
64 {
65 	if(!s) return;
66 	delegpt_free_mlc(s->dp);
67 	free(s);
68 }
69 
70 static void delhintnode(rbnode_type* n, void* ATTR_UNUSED(arg))
71 {
72 	struct iter_hints_stub* node = (struct iter_hints_stub*)n;
73 	hints_stub_free(node);
74 }
75 
76 static void hints_del_tree(struct iter_hints* hints)
77 {
78 	traverse_postorder(&hints->tree, &delhintnode, NULL);
79 }
80 
81 void
82 hints_delete(struct iter_hints* hints)
83 {
84 	if(!hints)
85 		return;
86 	hints_del_tree(hints);
87 	free(hints);
88 }
89 
90 /** add hint to delegation hints */
91 static int
92 ah(struct delegpt* dp, const char* sv, const char* ip)
93 {
94 	struct sockaddr_storage addr;
95 	socklen_t addrlen;
96 	size_t dname_len;
97 	uint8_t* dname = sldns_str2wire_dname(sv, &dname_len);
98 	if(!dname) {
99 		log_err("could not parse %s", sv);
100 		return 0;
101 	}
102 	if(!delegpt_add_ns_mlc(dp, dname, 0, NULL, UNBOUND_DNS_PORT) ||
103 	   !extstrtoaddr(ip, &addr, &addrlen, UNBOUND_DNS_PORT) ||
104 	   !delegpt_add_target_mlc(dp, dname, dname_len,
105 		&addr, addrlen, 0, 0)) {
106 		free(dname);
107 		return 0;
108 	}
109 	free(dname);
110 	return 1;
111 }
112 
113 /** obtain compiletime provided root hints */
114 static struct delegpt*
115 compile_time_root_prime(int do_ip4, int do_ip6)
116 {
117 	/* from:
118 	 ;       This file is made available by InterNIC
119 	 ;       under anonymous FTP as
120 	 ;           file                /domain/named.cache
121 	 ;           on server           FTP.INTERNIC.NET
122 	 ;       -OR-                    RS.INTERNIC.NET
123 	 ;
124 	 ;       related version of root zone:   changes-on-20120103
125 	 */
126 	struct delegpt* dp = delegpt_create_mlc((uint8_t*)"\000");
127 	if(!dp)
128 		return NULL;
129 	dp->has_parent_side_NS = 1;
130       if(do_ip4) {
131 	if(!ah(dp, "A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "198.41.0.4"))	goto failed;
132 	if(!ah(dp, "B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "199.9.14.201")) goto failed;
133 	if(!ah(dp, "C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.33.4.12"))	goto failed;
134 	if(!ah(dp, "D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "199.7.91.13"))	goto failed;
135 	if(!ah(dp, "E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.203.230.10")) goto failed;
136 	if(!ah(dp, "F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.5.5.241"))	goto failed;
137 	if(!ah(dp, "G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.112.36.4"))	goto failed;
138 	if(!ah(dp, "H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "198.97.190.53"))	goto failed;
139 	if(!ah(dp, "I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.36.148.17"))	goto failed;
140 	if(!ah(dp, "J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "192.58.128.30"))	goto failed;
141 	if(!ah(dp, "K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "193.0.14.129"))	goto failed;
142 	if(!ah(dp, "L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "199.7.83.42"))	goto failed;
143 	if(!ah(dp, "M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "202.12.27.33"))	goto failed;
144       }
145       if(do_ip6) {
146 	if(!ah(dp, "A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:503:ba3e::2:30")) goto failed;
147 	if(!ah(dp, "B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:200::b")) goto failed;
148 	if(!ah(dp, "C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:2::c")) goto failed;
149 	if(!ah(dp, "D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:2d::d")) goto failed;
150 	if(!ah(dp, "E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:a8::e")) goto failed;
151 	if(!ah(dp, "F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:2f::f")) goto failed;
152 	if(!ah(dp, "G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:12::d0d")) goto failed;
153 	if(!ah(dp, "H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:1::53")) goto failed;
154 	if(!ah(dp, "I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:7fe::53")) goto failed;
155 	if(!ah(dp, "J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:503:c27::2:30")) goto failed;
156 	if(!ah(dp, "K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:7fd::1")) goto failed;
157 	if(!ah(dp, "L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:500:9f::42")) goto failed;
158 	if(!ah(dp, "M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.", "2001:dc3::35")) goto failed;
159       }
160 	return dp;
161 failed:
162 	delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
163 	return 0;
164 }
165 
166 /** insert new hint info into hint structure */
167 static int
168 hints_insert(struct iter_hints* hints, uint16_t c, struct delegpt* dp,
169 	int noprime)
170 {
171 	struct iter_hints_stub* node = (struct iter_hints_stub*)malloc(
172 		sizeof(struct iter_hints_stub));
173 	if(!node) {
174 		delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
175 		return 0;
176 	}
177 	node->dp = dp;
178 	node->noprime = (uint8_t)noprime;
179 	if(!name_tree_insert(&hints->tree, &node->node, dp->name, dp->namelen,
180 		dp->namelabs, c)) {
181 		char buf[257];
182 		dname_str(dp->name, buf);
183 		log_err("second hints for zone %s ignored.", buf);
184 		delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
185 		free(node);
186 	}
187 	return 1;
188 }
189 
190 /** set stub name */
191 static struct delegpt*
192 read_stubs_name(struct config_stub* s)
193 {
194 	struct delegpt* dp;
195 	size_t dname_len;
196 	uint8_t* dname;
197 	if(!s->name) {
198 		log_err("stub zone without a name");
199 		return NULL;
200 	}
201 	dname = sldns_str2wire_dname(s->name, &dname_len);
202 	if(!dname) {
203 		log_err("cannot parse stub zone name %s", s->name);
204 		return NULL;
205 	}
206 	if(!(dp=delegpt_create_mlc(dname))) {
207 		free(dname);
208 		log_err("out of memory");
209 		return NULL;
210 	}
211 	free(dname);
212 	return dp;
213 }
214 
215 /** set stub host names */
216 static int
217 read_stubs_host(struct config_stub* s, struct delegpt* dp)
218 {
219 	struct config_strlist* p;
220 	uint8_t* dname;
221 	char* tls_auth_name;
222 	int port;
223 	for(p = s->hosts; p; p = p->next) {
224 		log_assert(p->str);
225 		dname = authextstrtodname(p->str, &port, &tls_auth_name);
226 		if(!dname) {
227 			log_err("cannot parse stub %s nameserver name: '%s'",
228 				s->name, p->str);
229 			return 0;
230 		}
231 #if ! defined(HAVE_SSL_SET1_HOST) && ! defined(HAVE_X509_VERIFY_PARAM_SET1_HOST)
232 		if(tls_auth_name)
233 			log_err("no name verification functionality in "
234 				"ssl library, ignored name for %s", p->str);
235 #endif
236 		if(!delegpt_add_ns_mlc(dp, dname, 0, tls_auth_name, port)) {
237 			free(dname);
238 			log_err("out of memory");
239 			return 0;
240 		}
241 		free(dname);
242 	}
243 	return 1;
244 }
245 
246 /** set stub server addresses */
247 static int
248 read_stubs_addr(struct config_stub* s, struct delegpt* dp)
249 {
250 	struct config_strlist* p;
251 	struct sockaddr_storage addr;
252 	socklen_t addrlen;
253 	char* auth_name;
254 	for(p = s->addrs; p; p = p->next) {
255 		log_assert(p->str);
256 		if(!authextstrtoaddr(p->str, &addr, &addrlen, &auth_name)) {
257 			log_err("cannot parse stub %s ip address: '%s'",
258 				s->name, p->str);
259 			return 0;
260 		}
261 #if ! defined(HAVE_SSL_SET1_HOST) && ! defined(HAVE_X509_VERIFY_PARAM_SET1_HOST)
262 		if(auth_name)
263 			log_err("no name verification functionality in "
264 				"ssl library, ignored name for %s", p->str);
265 #endif
266 		if(!delegpt_add_addr_mlc(dp, &addr, addrlen, 0, 0,
267 			auth_name, -1)) {
268 			log_err("out of memory");
269 			return 0;
270 		}
271 	}
272 	return 1;
273 }
274 
275 /** read stubs config */
276 static int
277 read_stubs(struct iter_hints* hints, struct config_file* cfg)
278 {
279 	struct config_stub* s;
280 	struct delegpt* dp;
281 	for(s = cfg->stubs; s; s = s->next) {
282 		if(!(dp=read_stubs_name(s)))
283 			return 0;
284 		if(!read_stubs_host(s, dp) || !read_stubs_addr(s, dp)) {
285 			delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
286 			return 0;
287 		}
288 		/* the flag is turned off for 'stub-first' so that the
289 		 * last resort will ask for parent-side NS record and thus
290 		 * fallback to the internet name servers on a failure */
291 		dp->has_parent_side_NS = (uint8_t)!s->isfirst;
292 		/* Do not cache if set. */
293 		dp->no_cache = s->no_cache;
294 		/* ssl_upstream */
295 		dp->ssl_upstream = (uint8_t)s->ssl_upstream;
296 		/* tcp_upstream */
297 		dp->tcp_upstream = (uint8_t)s->tcp_upstream;
298 		delegpt_log(VERB_QUERY, dp);
299 		if(!hints_insert(hints, LDNS_RR_CLASS_IN, dp, !s->isprime))
300 			return 0;
301 	}
302 	return 1;
303 }
304 
305 /** read root hints from file */
306 static int
307 read_root_hints(struct iter_hints* hints, char* fname)
308 {
309 	struct sldns_file_parse_state pstate;
310 	struct delegpt* dp;
311 	uint8_t rr[LDNS_RR_BUF_SIZE];
312 	size_t rr_len, dname_len;
313 	int status;
314 	uint16_t c = LDNS_RR_CLASS_IN;
315 	FILE* f = fopen(fname, "r");
316 	if(!f) {
317 		log_err("could not read root hints %s: %s",
318 			fname, strerror(errno));
319 		return 0;
320 	}
321 	dp = delegpt_create_mlc(NULL);
322 	if(!dp) {
323 		log_err("out of memory reading root hints");
324 		fclose(f);
325 		return 0;
326 	}
327 	verbose(VERB_QUERY, "Reading root hints from %s", fname);
328 	memset(&pstate, 0, sizeof(pstate));
329 	pstate.lineno = 1;
330 	dp->has_parent_side_NS = 1;
331 	while(!feof(f)) {
332 		rr_len = sizeof(rr);
333 		dname_len = 0;
334 		status = sldns_fp2wire_rr_buf(f, rr, &rr_len, &dname_len,
335 			&pstate);
336 		if(status != 0) {
337 			log_err("reading root hints %s %d:%d: %s", fname,
338 				pstate.lineno, LDNS_WIREPARSE_OFFSET(status),
339 				sldns_get_errorstr_parse(status));
340 			goto stop_read;
341 		}
342 		if(rr_len == 0)
343 			continue; /* EMPTY line, TTL or ORIGIN */
344 		if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len)
345 			== LDNS_RR_TYPE_NS) {
346 			if(!delegpt_add_ns_mlc(dp, sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(rr,
347 				rr_len, dname_len), 0, NULL, UNBOUND_DNS_PORT)) {
348 				log_err("out of memory reading root hints");
349 				goto stop_read;
350 			}
351 			c = sldns_wirerr_get_class(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
352 			if(!dp->name) {
353 				if(!delegpt_set_name_mlc(dp, rr)) {
354 					log_err("out of memory.");
355 					goto stop_read;
356 				}
357 			}
358 		} else if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len)
359 			== LDNS_RR_TYPE_A && sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(rr,
360 			rr_len, dname_len) == INET_SIZE) {
361 			struct sockaddr_in sa;
362 			socklen_t len = (socklen_t)sizeof(sa);
363 			memset(&sa, 0, len);
364 			sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
365 			sa.sin_port = (in_port_t)htons(UNBOUND_DNS_PORT);
366 			memmove(&sa.sin_addr,
367 				sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(rr, rr_len, dname_len),
368 				INET_SIZE);
369 			if(!delegpt_add_target_mlc(dp, rr, dname_len,
370 					(struct sockaddr_storage*)&sa, len,
371 					0, 0)) {
372 				log_err("out of memory reading root hints");
373 				goto stop_read;
374 			}
375 		} else if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len)
376 			== LDNS_RR_TYPE_AAAA && sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(rr,
377 			rr_len, dname_len) == INET6_SIZE) {
378 			struct sockaddr_in6 sa;
379 			socklen_t len = (socklen_t)sizeof(sa);
380 			memset(&sa, 0, len);
381 			sa.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
382 			sa.sin6_port = (in_port_t)htons(UNBOUND_DNS_PORT);
383 			memmove(&sa.sin6_addr,
384 				sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(rr, rr_len, dname_len),
385 				INET6_SIZE);
386 			if(!delegpt_add_target_mlc(dp, rr, dname_len,
387 					(struct sockaddr_storage*)&sa, len,
388 					0, 0)) {
389 				log_err("out of memory reading root hints");
390 				goto stop_read;
391 			}
392 		} else {
393 			char buf[17];
394 			sldns_wire2str_type_buf(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr,
395 				rr_len, dname_len), buf, sizeof(buf));
396 			log_warn("root hints %s:%d skipping type %s",
397 				fname, pstate.lineno, buf);
398 		}
399 	}
400 	fclose(f);
401 	if(!dp->name) {
402 		log_warn("root hints %s: no NS content", fname);
403 		delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
404 		return 1;
405 	}
406 	delegpt_log(VERB_QUERY, dp);
407 	if(!hints_insert(hints, c, dp, 0)) {
408 		return 0;
409 	}
410 	return 1;
411 
412 stop_read:
413 	delegpt_free_mlc(dp);
414 	fclose(f);
415 	return 0;
416 }
417 
418 /** read root hints list */
419 static int
420 read_root_hints_list(struct iter_hints* hints, struct config_file* cfg)
421 {
422 	struct config_strlist* p;
423 	for(p = cfg->root_hints; p; p = p->next) {
424 		log_assert(p->str);
425 		if(p->str && p->str[0]) {
426 			char* f = p->str;
427 			if(cfg->chrootdir && cfg->chrootdir[0] &&
428 				strncmp(p->str, cfg->chrootdir,
429 				strlen(cfg->chrootdir)) == 0)
430 				f += strlen(cfg->chrootdir);
431 			if(!read_root_hints(hints, f))
432 				return 0;
433 		}
434 	}
435 	return 1;
436 }
437 
438 int
439 hints_apply_cfg(struct iter_hints* hints, struct config_file* cfg)
440 {
441 	hints_del_tree(hints);
442 	name_tree_init(&hints->tree);
443 
444 	/* read root hints */
445 	if(!read_root_hints_list(hints, cfg))
446 		return 0;
447 
448 	/* read stub hints */
449 	if(!read_stubs(hints, cfg))
450 		return 0;
451 
452 	/* use fallback compiletime root hints */
453 	if(!hints_lookup_root(hints, LDNS_RR_CLASS_IN)) {
454 		struct delegpt* dp = compile_time_root_prime(cfg->do_ip4,
455 			cfg->do_ip6);
456 		verbose(VERB_ALGO, "no config, using builtin root hints.");
457 		if(!dp)
458 			return 0;
459 		if(!hints_insert(hints, LDNS_RR_CLASS_IN, dp, 0))
460 			return 0;
461 	}
462 
463 	name_tree_init_parents(&hints->tree);
464 	return 1;
465 }
466 
467 struct delegpt*
468 hints_lookup_root(struct iter_hints* hints, uint16_t qclass)
469 {
470 	uint8_t rootlab = 0;
471 	struct iter_hints_stub *stub;
472 	stub = (struct iter_hints_stub*)name_tree_find(&hints->tree,
473 		&rootlab, 1, 1, qclass);
474 	if(!stub)
475 		return NULL;
476 	return stub->dp;
477 }
478 
479 struct iter_hints_stub*
480 hints_lookup_stub(struct iter_hints* hints, uint8_t* qname,
481 	uint16_t qclass, struct delegpt* cache_dp)
482 {
483 	size_t len;
484 	int labs;
485 	struct iter_hints_stub *r;
486 
487 	/* first lookup the stub */
488 	labs = dname_count_size_labels(qname, &len);
489 	r = (struct iter_hints_stub*)name_tree_lookup(&hints->tree, qname,
490 		len, labs, qclass);
491 	if(!r) return NULL;
492 
493 	/* If there is no cache (root prime situation) */
494 	if(cache_dp == NULL) {
495 		if(r->dp->namelabs != 1)
496 			return r; /* no cache dp, use any non-root stub */
497 		return NULL;
498 	}
499 
500 	/*
501 	 * If the stub is same as the delegation we got
502 	 * And has noprime set, we need to 'prime' to use this stub instead.
503 	 */
504 	if(r->noprime && query_dname_compare(cache_dp->name, r->dp->name)==0)
505 		return r; /* use this stub instead of cached dp */
506 
507 	/*
508 	 * If our cached delegation point is above the hint, we need to prime.
509 	 */
510 	if(dname_strict_subdomain(r->dp->name, r->dp->namelabs,
511 		cache_dp->name, cache_dp->namelabs))
512 		return r; /* need to prime this stub */
513 	return NULL;
514 }
515 
516 int hints_next_root(struct iter_hints* hints, uint16_t* qclass)
517 {
518 	return name_tree_next_root(&hints->tree, qclass);
519 }
520 
521 size_t
522 hints_get_mem(struct iter_hints* hints)
523 {
524 	size_t s;
525 	struct iter_hints_stub* p;
526 	if(!hints) return 0;
527 	s = sizeof(*hints);
528 	RBTREE_FOR(p, struct iter_hints_stub*, &hints->tree) {
529 		s += sizeof(*p) + delegpt_get_mem(p->dp);
530 	}
531 	return s;
532 }
533 
534 int
535 hints_add_stub(struct iter_hints* hints, uint16_t c, struct delegpt* dp,
536 	int noprime)
537 {
538 	struct iter_hints_stub *z;
539 	if((z=(struct iter_hints_stub*)name_tree_find(&hints->tree,
540 		dp->name, dp->namelen, dp->namelabs, c)) != NULL) {
541 		(void)rbtree_delete(&hints->tree, &z->node);
542 		hints_stub_free(z);
543 	}
544 	if(!hints_insert(hints, c, dp, noprime))
545 		return 0;
546 	name_tree_init_parents(&hints->tree);
547 	return 1;
548 }
549 
550 void
551 hints_delete_stub(struct iter_hints* hints, uint16_t c, uint8_t* nm)
552 {
553 	struct iter_hints_stub *z;
554 	size_t len;
555 	int labs = dname_count_size_labels(nm, &len);
556 	if(!(z=(struct iter_hints_stub*)name_tree_find(&hints->tree,
557 		nm, len, labs, c)))
558 		return; /* nothing to do */
559 	(void)rbtree_delete(&hints->tree, &z->node);
560 	hints_stub_free(z);
561 	name_tree_init_parents(&hints->tree);
562 }
563 
564