xref: /freebsd/sbin/bsdlabel/bsdlabel.c (revision a0ee8cc6)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Gordon W. Ross
3  * Copyright (c) 1994 Theo de Raadt
4  * All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * Symmetric Computer Systems.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  *      This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
24  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26  *    without specific prior written permission.
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38  * SUCH DAMAGE.
39  *
40  *	from: $NetBSD: disksubr.c,v 1.13 2000/12/17 22:39:18 pk $
41  */
42 
43 #if 0
44 #ifndef lint
45 static const char copyright[] =
46 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
47 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
48 #endif /* not lint */
49 
50 #ifndef lint
51 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/7/94";
52 /* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
53 #endif /* not lint */
54 #endif
55 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
56 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
57 
58 #include <sys/param.h>
59 #include <stdint.h>
60 #include <sys/file.h>
61 #include <sys/stat.h>
62 #include <sys/wait.h>
63 #include <sys/disk.h>
64 #define DKTYPENAMES
65 #define FSTYPENAMES
66 #define MAXPARTITIONS	20
67 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
68 
69 #include <unistd.h>
70 #include <string.h>
71 #include <stdio.h>
72 #include <libgeom.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <signal.h>
75 #include <stdarg.h>
76 #include <ctype.h>
77 #include <err.h>
78 #include <errno.h>
79 
80 #include "pathnames.h"
81 
82 static void	makelabel(const char *, struct disklabel *);
83 static int	geom_class_available(const char *);
84 static int	writelabel(void);
85 static int	readlabel(int flag);
86 static void	display(FILE *, const struct disklabel *);
87 static int	edit(void);
88 static int	editit(void);
89 static void	fixlabel(struct disklabel *);
90 static char	*skip(char *);
91 static char	*word(char *);
92 static int	getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
93 static int	getasciipartspec(char *, struct disklabel *, int, int);
94 static int	checklabel(struct disklabel *);
95 static void	usage(void);
96 static struct disklabel *getvirginlabel(void);
97 
98 #define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
99 #define	DEFPARTITIONS	8
100 
101 static char	*specname;
102 static char	*pname;
103 static char	tmpfil[] = PATH_TMPFILE;
104 
105 static struct	disklabel lab;
106 static u_char	bootarea[BBSIZE];
107 static off_t	mediasize;
108 static ssize_t	secsize;
109 static char	blank[] = "";
110 static char	unknown[] = "unknown";
111 
112 #define MAX_PART ('z')
113 #define MAX_NUM_PARTS (1 + MAX_PART - 'a')
114 static char    part_size_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
115 static char    part_offset_type[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
116 static int     part_set[MAX_NUM_PARTS];
117 
118 static int	installboot;	/* non-zero if we should install a boot program */
119 static int	allfields;	/* present all fields in edit */
120 static char const *xxboot;	/* primary boot */
121 
122 static uint32_t lba_offset;
123 #ifndef LABELSECTOR
124 #define LABELSECTOR -1
125 #endif
126 #ifndef LABELOFFSET
127 #define LABELOFFSET -1
128 #endif
129 static int labelsoffset = LABELSECTOR;
130 static int labeloffset = LABELOFFSET;
131 static int bbsize = BBSIZE;
132 
133 static enum {
134 	UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, WRITE, WRITEBOOT
135 } op = UNSPEC;
136 
137 
138 static int	disable_write;   /* set to disable writing to disk label */
139 static int	is_file;	/* work on a file (abs. pathname), "-f" opt. */
140 
141 int
142 main(int argc, char *argv[])
143 {
144 	FILE *t;
145 	int ch, error, fd;
146 	const char *name;
147 
148 	error = 0;
149 	name = NULL;
150 
151 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ABb:efm:nRrw")) != -1)
152 		switch (ch) {
153 			case 'A':
154 				allfields = 1;
155 				break;
156 			case 'B':
157 				++installboot;
158 				break;
159 			case 'b':
160 				xxboot = optarg;
161 				break;
162 			case 'f':
163 				is_file=1;
164 				break;
165 			case 'm':
166 				if (!strcmp(optarg, "i386") ||
167 				    !strcmp(optarg, "amd64") ||
168 				    !strcmp(optarg, "pc98")) {
169 					labelsoffset = 1;
170 					labeloffset = 0;
171 					bbsize = 8192;
172 				} else {
173 					errx(1, "Unsupported architecture");
174 				}
175 				break;
176 			case 'n':
177 				disable_write = 1;
178 				break;
179 			case 'R':
180 				if (op != UNSPEC)
181 					usage();
182 				op = RESTORE;
183 				break;
184 			case 'e':
185 				if (op != UNSPEC)
186 					usage();
187 				op = EDIT;
188 				break;
189 			case 'r':
190 				/*
191 				 * We accept and ignore -r for compatibility with
192 				 * historical disklabel usage.
193 				 */
194 				break;
195 			case 'w':
196 				if (op != UNSPEC)
197 					usage();
198 				op = WRITE;
199 				break;
200 			case '?':
201 			default:
202 				usage();
203 		}
204 	argc -= optind;
205 	argv += optind;
206 
207 	if (argc < 1)
208 		usage();
209 	if (labelsoffset < 0 || labeloffset < 0)
210 		errx(1, "a -m <architecture> option must be specified");
211 
212 	/* Figure out the names of the thing we're working on */
213 	if (is_file) {
214 		specname = argv[0];
215 	} else {
216 		specname = g_device_path(argv[0]);
217 		if (specname == NULL) {
218 			warn("unable to get correct path for %s", argv[0]);
219 			return(1);
220 		}
221 		fd = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
222 		if (fd < 0) {
223 			warn("error opening %s", specname);
224 			return(1);
225 		}
226 		pname = g_providername(fd);
227 		if (pname == NULL) {
228 			warn("error getting providername for %s", specname);
229 			close(fd);
230 			return(1);
231 		}
232 		close(fd);
233 	}
234 
235 	if (installboot && op == UNSPEC)
236 		op = WRITEBOOT;
237 	else if (op == UNSPEC)
238 		op = READ;
239 
240 	switch(op) {
241 
242 	case UNSPEC:
243 		break;
244 
245 	case EDIT:
246 		if (argc != 1)
247 			usage();
248 		readlabel(1);
249 		fixlabel(&lab);
250 		error = edit();
251 		break;
252 
253 	case READ:
254 		if (argc != 1)
255 			usage();
256 		readlabel(1);
257 		display(stdout, NULL);
258 		error = checklabel(NULL);
259 		break;
260 
261 	case RESTORE:
262 		if (argc != 2)
263 			usage();
264 		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
265 			err(4, "fopen %s", argv[1]);
266 		readlabel(0);
267 		if (!getasciilabel(t, &lab))
268 			exit(1);
269 		error = writelabel();
270 		break;
271 
272 	case WRITE:
273 		if (argc == 2)
274 			name = argv[1];
275 		else if (argc == 1)
276 			name = "auto";
277 		else
278 			usage();
279 		readlabel(0);
280 		makelabel(name, &lab);
281 		fixlabel(&lab);
282 		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
283 			error = writelabel();
284 		break;
285 
286 	case WRITEBOOT:
287 
288 		readlabel(1);
289 		fixlabel(&lab);
290 		if (argc == 2)
291 			makelabel(argv[1], &lab);
292 		if (checklabel(NULL) == 0)
293 			error = writelabel();
294 		break;
295 	}
296 	exit(error);
297 }
298 
299 static void
300 fixlabel(struct disklabel *lp)
301 {
302 	struct partition *dp;
303 	int i;
304 
305 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
306 		if (i == RAW_PART)
307 			continue;
308 		if (lp->d_partitions[i].p_size)
309 			return;
310 	}
311 
312 	dp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
313 	dp->p_offset = BBSIZE / secsize;
314 	dp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit - dp->p_offset;
315 }
316 
317 /*
318  * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
319  */
320 static void
321 makelabel(const char *type, struct disklabel *lp)
322 {
323 	struct disklabel *dp;
324 
325 	if (strcmp(type, "auto") == 0)
326 		dp = getvirginlabel();
327 	else
328 		dp = getdiskbyname(type);
329 	if (dp == NULL)
330 		errx(1, "%s: unknown disk type", type);
331 	*lp = *dp;
332 	bzero(lp->d_packname, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
333 }
334 
335 static void
336 readboot(void)
337 {
338 	int fd;
339 	struct stat st;
340 
341 	if (xxboot == NULL)
342 		xxboot = "/boot/boot";
343 	fd = open(xxboot, O_RDONLY);
344 	if (fd < 0)
345 		err(1, "cannot open %s", xxboot);
346 	fstat(fd, &st);
347 	if (st.st_size <= BBSIZE) {
348 		if (read(fd, bootarea, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
349 			err(1, "read error %s", xxboot);
350 		close(fd);
351 		return;
352 	}
353 	errx(1, "boot code %s is wrong size", xxboot);
354 }
355 
356 static int
357 geom_class_available(const char *name)
358 {
359 	struct gclass *class;
360 	struct gmesh mesh;
361 	int error;
362 
363 	error = geom_gettree(&mesh);
364 	if (error != 0)
365 		errc(1, error, "Cannot get GEOM tree");
366 
367 	LIST_FOREACH(class, &mesh.lg_class, lg_class) {
368 		if (strcmp(class->lg_name, name) == 0) {
369 			geom_deletetree(&mesh);
370 			return (1);
371 		}
372 	}
373 
374 	geom_deletetree(&mesh);
375 
376 	return (0);
377 }
378 
379 static int
380 writelabel(void)
381 {
382 	int i, fd, serrno;
383 	struct gctl_req *grq;
384 	char const *errstr;
385 	struct disklabel *lp = &lab;
386 
387 	if (disable_write) {
388 		warnx("write to disk label suppressed - label was as follows:");
389 		display(stdout, NULL);
390 		return (0);
391 	}
392 
393 	lp->d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
394 	lp->d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
395 	lp->d_checksum = 0;
396 	lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
397 	if (installboot)
398 		readboot();
399 	for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++)
400 		if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
401 			lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset += lba_offset;
402 	bsd_disklabel_le_enc(bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * lab.d_secsize,
403 	    lp);
404 
405 	fd = open(specname, O_RDWR);
406 	if (fd < 0) {
407 		if (is_file) {
408 			warn("cannot open file %s for writing label", specname);
409 			return(1);
410 		} else
411 			serrno = errno;
412 
413 		if (geom_class_available("PART") != 0) {
414 			/*
415 			 * Since we weren't able open provider for
416 			 * writing, then recommend user to use gpart(8).
417 			 */
418 			warnc(serrno,
419 			    "cannot open provider %s for writing label",
420 			    specname);
421 			warnx("Try to use gpart(8).");
422 			return (1);
423 		}
424 
425 		/* Give up if GEOM_BSD is not available. */
426 		if (geom_class_available("BSD") == 0) {
427 			warnc(serrno, "%s", specname);
428 			return (1);
429 		}
430 
431 		grq = gctl_get_handle();
432 		gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write label");
433 		gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
434 		gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, pname);
435 		gctl_ro_param(grq, "label", 148+16*8,
436 			bootarea + labeloffset + labelsoffset * lab.d_secsize);
437 		errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
438 		if (errstr != NULL) {
439 			warnx("%s", errstr);
440 			gctl_free(grq);
441 			return(1);
442 		}
443 		gctl_free(grq);
444 		if (installboot) {
445 			grq = gctl_get_handle();
446 			gctl_ro_param(grq, "verb", -1, "write bootcode");
447 			gctl_ro_param(grq, "class", -1, "BSD");
448 			gctl_ro_param(grq, "geom", -1, pname);
449 			gctl_ro_param(grq, "bootcode", BBSIZE, bootarea);
450 			errstr = gctl_issue(grq);
451 			if (errstr != NULL) {
452 				warnx("%s", errstr);
453 				gctl_free(grq);
454 				return (1);
455 			}
456 			gctl_free(grq);
457 		}
458 	} else {
459 		if (write(fd, bootarea, bbsize) != bbsize) {
460 			warn("write %s", specname);
461 			close (fd);
462 			return (1);
463 		}
464 		close (fd);
465 	}
466 	return (0);
467 }
468 
469 static void
470 get_file_parms(int f)
471 {
472 	int i;
473 	struct stat sb;
474 
475 	if (fstat(f, &sb) != 0)
476 		err(4, "fstat failed");
477 	i = sb.st_mode & S_IFMT;
478 	if (i != S_IFREG && i != S_IFLNK)
479 		errx(4, "%s is not a valid file or link", specname);
480 	secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
481 	mediasize = sb.st_size;
482 }
483 
484 /*
485  * Fetch disklabel for disk.
486  */
487 static int
488 readlabel(int flag)
489 {
490 	ssize_t nbytes;
491 	uint32_t lba;
492 	int f, i;
493 	int error;
494 
495 	f = open(specname, O_RDONLY);
496 	if (f < 0)
497 		err(1, "%s", specname);
498 	if (is_file)
499 		get_file_parms(f);
500 	else {
501 		mediasize = g_mediasize(f);
502 		secsize = g_sectorsize(f);
503 		if (secsize < 0 || mediasize < 0)
504 			err(4, "cannot get disk geometry");
505 	}
506 	if (mediasize > (off_t)0xffffffff * secsize)
507 		errx(1,
508 		    "disks with more than 2^32-1 sectors are not supported");
509 	(void)lseek(f, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
510 	nbytes = read(f, bootarea, BBSIZE);
511 	if (nbytes == -1)
512 		err(4, "%s read", specname);
513 	if (nbytes != BBSIZE)
514 		errx(4, "couldn't read %d bytes from %s", BBSIZE, specname);
515 	close (f);
516 	error = bsd_disklabel_le_dec(
517 	    bootarea + (labeloffset + labelsoffset * secsize),
518 	    &lab, MAXPARTITIONS);
519 	if (flag && error)
520 		errx(1, "%s: no valid label found", specname);
521 
522 	if (is_file)
523 		return(0);
524 
525 	/*
526 	 * Compensate for absolute block addressing by finding the
527 	 * smallest partition offset and if the offset of the 'c'
528 	 * partition is equal to that, subtract it from all offsets.
529 	 */
530 	lba = ~0;
531 	for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++) {
532 		if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
533 			lba = MIN(lba, lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset);
534 	}
535 	if (lba != 0 && lab.d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset == lba) {
536 		for (i = 0; i < lab.d_npartitions; i++) {
537 			if (lab.d_partitions[i].p_size)
538 				lab.d_partitions[i].p_offset -= lba;
539 		}
540 		/*
541 		 * Save the offset so that we can write the label
542 		 * back with absolute block addresses.
543 		 */
544 		lba_offset = lba;
545 	}
546 	return (error);
547 }
548 
549 
550 static void
551 display(FILE *f, const struct disklabel *lp)
552 {
553 	int i, j;
554 	const struct partition *pp;
555 
556 	if (lp == NULL)
557 		lp = &lab;
558 
559 	fprintf(f, "# %s:\n", specname);
560 	if (allfields) {
561 		if (lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
562 			fprintf(f, "type: %s\n", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
563 		else
564 			fprintf(f, "type: %u\n", lp->d_type);
565 		fprintf(f, "disk: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_typename),
566 			lp->d_typename);
567 		fprintf(f, "label: %.*s\n", (int)sizeof(lp->d_packname),
568 			lp->d_packname);
569 		fprintf(f, "flags:");
570 		if (lp->d_flags & D_REMOVABLE)
571 			fprintf(f, " removeable");
572 		if (lp->d_flags & D_ECC)
573 			fprintf(f, " ecc");
574 		if (lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT)
575 			fprintf(f, " badsect");
576 		fprintf(f, "\n");
577 		fprintf(f, "bytes/sector: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secsize);
578 		fprintf(f, "sectors/track: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_nsectors);
579 		fprintf(f, "tracks/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ntracks);
580 		fprintf(f, "sectors/cylinder: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secpercyl);
581 		fprintf(f, "cylinders: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_ncylinders);
582 		fprintf(f, "sectors/unit: %lu\n", (u_long)lp->d_secperunit);
583 		fprintf(f, "rpm: %u\n", lp->d_rpm);
584 		fprintf(f, "interleave: %u\n", lp->d_interleave);
585 		fprintf(f, "trackskew: %u\n", lp->d_trackskew);
586 		fprintf(f, "cylinderskew: %u\n", lp->d_cylskew);
587 		fprintf(f, "headswitch: %lu\t\t# milliseconds\n",
588 		    (u_long)lp->d_headswitch);
589 		fprintf(f, "track-to-track seek: %ld\t# milliseconds\n",
590 		    (u_long)lp->d_trkseek);
591 		fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
592 		for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
593 			if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
594 				break;
595 		if (i < 0)
596 			i = 0;
597 		for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
598 			fprintf(f, "%lu ", (u_long)lp->d_drivedata[j]);
599 		fprintf(f, "\n\n");
600 	}
601 	fprintf(f, "%u partitions:\n", lp->d_npartitions);
602 	fprintf(f,
603 	    "#          size     offset    fstype   [fsize bsize bps/cpg]\n");
604 	pp = lp->d_partitions;
605 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
606 		if (pp->p_size) {
607 			fprintf(f, "  %c: %10lu %10lu  ", 'a' + i,
608 			   (u_long)pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
609 			if (pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
610 				fprintf(f, "%8.8s", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
611 			else
612 				fprintf(f, "%8d", pp->p_fstype);
613 			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
614 
615 			case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
616 				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %2s",
617 				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
618 				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag), "");
619 				break;
620 
621 			case FS_BSDFFS:
622 				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5u",
623 				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
624 				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
625 				    pp->p_cpg);
626 				break;
627 
628 			case FS_BSDLFS:
629 				fprintf(f, "    %5lu %5lu %5d",
630 				    (u_long)pp->p_fsize,
631 				    (u_long)(pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag),
632 				    pp->p_cpg);
633 				break;
634 
635 			default:
636 				fprintf(f, "%20.20s", "");
637 				break;
638 			}
639 			if (i == RAW_PART) {
640 				fprintf(f, "  # \"raw\" part, don't edit");
641 			}
642 			fprintf(f, "\n");
643 		}
644 	}
645 	fflush(f);
646 }
647 
648 static int
649 edit(void)
650 {
651 	int c, fd;
652 	struct disklabel label;
653 	FILE *fp;
654 
655 	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 ||
656 	    (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
657 		warnx("can't create %s", tmpfil);
658 		return (1);
659 	}
660 	display(fp, NULL);
661 	fclose(fp);
662 	for (;;) {
663 		if (!editit())
664 			break;
665 		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
666 		if (fp == NULL) {
667 			warnx("can't reopen %s for reading", tmpfil);
668 			break;
669 		}
670 		bzero((char *)&label, sizeof(label));
671 		c = getasciilabel(fp, &label);
672 		fclose(fp);
673 		if (c) {
674 			lab = label;
675 			if (writelabel() == 0) {
676 				(void) unlink(tmpfil);
677 				return (0);
678 			}
679 		}
680 		printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
681 		fflush(stdout);
682 		c = getchar();
683 		if (c != EOF && c != (int)'\n')
684 			while (getchar() != (int)'\n')
685 				;
686 		if  (c == (int)'n')
687 			break;
688 	}
689 	(void) unlink(tmpfil);
690 	return (1);
691 }
692 
693 static int
694 editit(void)
695 {
696 	int pid, xpid;
697 	int locstat, omask;
698 	const char *ed;
699 	uid_t uid;
700 	gid_t gid;
701 
702 	omask = sigblock(sigmask(SIGINT)|sigmask(SIGQUIT)|sigmask(SIGHUP));
703 	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
704 		if (errno == EPROCLIM) {
705 			warnx("you have too many processes");
706 			return(0);
707 		}
708 		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
709 			warn("fork");
710 			return(0);
711 		}
712 		sleep(1);
713 	}
714 	if (pid == 0) {
715 		sigsetmask(omask);
716 		gid = getgid();
717 		if (setresgid(gid, gid, gid) == -1)
718 			err(1, "setresgid");
719 		uid = getuid();
720 		if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) == -1)
721 			err(1, "setresuid");
722 		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
723 			ed = DEFEDITOR;
724 		execlp(ed, ed, tmpfil, (char *)0);
725 		err(1, "%s", ed);
726 	}
727 	while ((xpid = wait(&locstat)) >= 0)
728 		if (xpid == pid)
729 			break;
730 	sigsetmask(omask);
731 	return(!locstat);
732 }
733 
734 static char *
735 skip(char *cp)
736 {
737 
738 	while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
739 		cp++;
740 	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
741 		return (NULL);
742 	return (cp);
743 }
744 
745 static char *
746 word(char *cp)
747 {
748 	char c;
749 
750 	while (*cp != '\0' && !isspace(*cp) && *cp != '#')
751 		cp++;
752 	if ((c = *cp) != '\0') {
753 		*cp++ = '\0';
754 		if (c != '#')
755 			return (skip(cp));
756 	}
757 	return (NULL);
758 }
759 
760 /*
761  * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
762  * in the same format as that put out by display(),
763  * and fill in lp.
764  */
765 static int
766 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
767 {
768 	char *cp, *endp;
769 	const char **cpp;
770 	u_int part;
771 	char *tp, line[BUFSIZ];
772 	u_long v;
773 	int lineno = 0, errors = 0;
774 	int i;
775 
776 	makelabel("auto", lp);
777 	bzero(&part_set, sizeof(part_set));
778 	bzero(&part_size_type, sizeof(part_size_type));
779 	bzero(&part_offset_type, sizeof(part_offset_type));
780 	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
781 	lp->d_sbsize = 0;				/* XXX */
782 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
783 		lineno++;
784 		if ((cp = strchr(line,'\n')) != 0)
785 			*cp = '\0';
786 		cp = skip(line);
787 		if (cp == NULL)
788 			continue;
789 		tp = strchr(cp, ':');
790 		if (tp == NULL) {
791 			fprintf(stderr, "line %d: syntax error\n", lineno);
792 			errors++;
793 			continue;
794 		}
795 		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
796 		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
797 			if (tp == NULL)
798 				tp = unknown;
799 			cpp = dktypenames;
800 			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
801 				if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, tp)) {
802 					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
803 					break;
804 				}
805 			if (cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES])
806 				continue;
807 			errno = 0;
808 			v = strtoul(tp, &endp, 10);
809 			if (errno != 0 || *endp != '\0')
810 				v = DKMAXTYPES;
811 			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
812 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d:%s %lu\n", lineno,
813 				    "Warning, unknown disk type", v);
814 			else
815 				lp->d_type = v;
816 			continue;
817 		}
818 		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
819 			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
820 				tp = word(cp);
821 				if (!strcmp(cp, "removeable"))
822 					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
823 				else if (!strcmp(cp, "ecc"))
824 					v |= D_ECC;
825 				else if (!strcmp(cp, "badsect"))
826 					v |= D_BADSECT;
827 				else {
828 					fprintf(stderr,
829 					    "line %d: %s: bad flag\n",
830 					    lineno, cp);
831 					errors++;
832 				}
833 			}
834 			lp->d_flags = v;
835 			continue;
836 		}
837 		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
838 			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
839 				lp->d_drivedata[i++] = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10);
840 				tp = word(cp);
841 			}
842 			continue;
843 		}
844 		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
845 			if (v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
846 				fprintf(stderr,
847 				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
848 				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
849 				errors++;
850 			} else if (v < DEFPARTITIONS) {
851 				fprintf(stderr,
852 				    "line %d: bad # of partitions\n", lineno);
853 				lp->d_npartitions = DEFPARTITIONS;
854 				errors++;
855 			} else
856 				lp->d_npartitions = v;
857 			continue;
858 		}
859 		if (tp == NULL)
860 			tp = blank;
861 		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
862 			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof (lp->d_typename));
863 			continue;
864 		}
865 		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
866 			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof (lp->d_packname));
867 			continue;
868 		}
869 		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
870 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
871 			if (v == 0 || (v % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
872 				fprintf(stderr,
873 				    "line %d: %s: bad sector size\n",
874 				    lineno, tp);
875 				errors++;
876 			} else
877 				lp->d_secsize = v;
878 			continue;
879 		}
880 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
881 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
882 #if (ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffffUL)
883 			if (v == 0 || v > 0xffffffff)
884 #else
885 			if (v == 0)
886 #endif
887 			{
888 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
889 				    lineno, tp, cp);
890 				errors++;
891 			} else
892 				lp->d_nsectors = v;
893 			continue;
894 		}
895 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
896 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
897 			if (v == 0) {
898 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
899 				    lineno, tp, cp);
900 				errors++;
901 			} else
902 				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
903 			continue;
904 		}
905 		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
906 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
907 			if (v == 0) {
908 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
909 				    lineno, tp, cp);
910 				errors++;
911 			} else
912 				lp->d_ntracks = v;
913 			continue;
914 		}
915 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
916 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
917 			if (v == 0) {
918 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
919 				    lineno, tp, cp);
920 				errors++;
921 			} else
922 				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
923 			continue;
924 		}
925 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
926 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
927 			if (v == 0) {
928 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
929 				    lineno, tp, cp);
930 				errors++;
931 			} else
932 				lp->d_secperunit = v;
933 			continue;
934 		}
935 		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
936 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
937 			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
938 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
939 				    lineno, tp, cp);
940 				errors++;
941 			} else
942 				lp->d_rpm = v;
943 			continue;
944 		}
945 		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
946 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
947 			if (v == 0 || v > USHRT_MAX) {
948 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
949 				    lineno, tp, cp);
950 				errors++;
951 			} else
952 				lp->d_interleave = v;
953 			continue;
954 		}
955 		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
956 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
957 			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
958 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
959 				    lineno, tp, cp);
960 				errors++;
961 			} else
962 				lp->d_trackskew = v;
963 			continue;
964 		}
965 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
966 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
967 			if (v > USHRT_MAX) {
968 				fprintf(stderr, "line %d: %s: bad %s\n",
969 				    lineno, tp, cp);
970 				errors++;
971 			} else
972 				lp->d_cylskew = v;
973 			continue;
974 		}
975 		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
976 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
977 			lp->d_headswitch = v;
978 			continue;
979 		}
980 		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
981 			v = strtoul(tp, NULL, 10);
982 			lp->d_trkseek = v;
983 			continue;
984 		}
985 		/* the ':' was removed above */
986 		if (*cp < 'a' || *cp > MAX_PART || cp[1] != '\0') {
987 			fprintf(stderr,
988 			    "line %d: %s: Unknown disklabel field\n", lineno,
989 			    cp);
990 			errors++;
991 			continue;
992 		}
993 
994 		/* Process a partition specification line. */
995 		part = *cp - 'a';
996 		if (part >= lp->d_npartitions) {
997 			fprintf(stderr,
998 			    "line %d: partition name out of range a-%c: %s\n",
999 			    lineno, 'a' + lp->d_npartitions - 1, cp);
1000 			errors++;
1001 			continue;
1002 		}
1003 		part_set[part] = 1;
1004 
1005 		if (getasciipartspec(tp, lp, part, lineno) != 0) {
1006 			errors++;
1007 			break;
1008 		}
1009 	}
1010 	errors += checklabel(lp);
1011 	return (errors == 0);
1012 }
1013 
1014 #define NXTNUM(n) do { \
1015 	if (tp == NULL) { \
1016 		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
1017 		return (1); \
1018 	} else { \
1019 		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
1020 		(n) = strtoul(cp, NULL, 10); \
1021 	} \
1022 } while (0)
1023 
1024 /* retain 1 character following number */
1025 #define NXTWORD(w,n) do { \
1026 	if (tp == NULL) { \
1027 		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: too few numeric fields\n", lineno); \
1028 		return (1); \
1029 	} else { \
1030 		char *tmp; \
1031 		cp = tp, tp = word(cp); \
1032 		(n) = strtoul(cp, &tmp, 10); \
1033 		if (tmp) (w) = *tmp; \
1034 	} \
1035 } while (0)
1036 
1037 /*
1038  * Read a partition line into partition `part' in the specified disklabel.
1039  * Return 0 on success, 1 on failure.
1040  */
1041 static int
1042 getasciipartspec(char *tp, struct disklabel *lp, int part, int lineno)
1043 {
1044 	struct partition *pp;
1045 	char *cp, *endp;
1046 	const char **cpp;
1047 	u_long v;
1048 
1049 	pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1050 	cp = NULL;
1051 
1052 	v = 0;
1053 	NXTWORD(part_size_type[part],v);
1054 	if (v == 0 && part_size_type[part] != '*') {
1055 		fprintf(stderr,
1056 		    "line %d: %s: bad partition size\n", lineno, cp);
1057 		return (1);
1058 	}
1059 	pp->p_size = v;
1060 
1061 	v = 0;
1062 	NXTWORD(part_offset_type[part],v);
1063 	if (v == 0 && part_offset_type[part] != '*' &&
1064 	    part_offset_type[part] != '\0') {
1065 		fprintf(stderr,
1066 		    "line %d: %s: bad partition offset\n", lineno, cp);
1067 		return (1);
1068 	}
1069 	pp->p_offset = v;
1070 	if (tp == NULL) {
1071 		fprintf(stderr, "line %d: missing file system type\n", lineno);
1072 		return (1);
1073 	}
1074 	cp = tp, tp = word(cp);
1075 	for (cpp = fstypenames; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1076 		if (*cpp && !strcmp(*cpp, cp))
1077 			break;
1078 	if (*cpp != NULL) {
1079 		pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1080 	} else {
1081 		if (isdigit(*cp)) {
1082 			errno = 0;
1083 			v = strtoul(cp, &endp, 10);
1084 			if (errno != 0 || *endp != '\0')
1085 				v = FSMAXTYPES;
1086 		} else
1087 			v = FSMAXTYPES;
1088 		if (v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1089 			fprintf(stderr,
1090 			    "line %d: Warning, unknown file system type %s\n",
1091 			    lineno, cp);
1092 			v = FS_UNUSED;
1093 		}
1094 		pp->p_fstype = v;
1095 	}
1096 
1097 	switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1098 	case FS_UNUSED:
1099 	case FS_BSDFFS:
1100 	case FS_BSDLFS:
1101 		/* accept defaults for fsize/frag/cpg */
1102 		if (tp) {
1103 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1104 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1105 				break;
1106 			NXTNUM(v);
1107 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1108 			if (tp != NULL)
1109 				NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1110 		}
1111 		/* else default to 0's */
1112 		break;
1113 	default:
1114 		break;
1115 	}
1116 	return (0);
1117 }
1118 
1119 /*
1120  * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1121  * derived fields according to supplied values.
1122  */
1123 static int
1124 checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1125 {
1126 	struct partition *pp;
1127 	int i, errors = 0;
1128 	char part;
1129 	u_long base_offset, needed, total_size, total_percent, current_offset;
1130 	long free_space;
1131 	int seen_default_offset;
1132 	int hog_part;
1133 	int j;
1134 	struct partition *pp2;
1135 
1136 	if (lp == NULL)
1137 		lp = &lab;
1138 
1139 	if (allfields) {
1140 
1141 		if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1142 			fprintf(stderr, "sector size 0\n");
1143 			return (1);
1144 		}
1145 		if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1146 			fprintf(stderr, "sectors/track 0\n");
1147 			return (1);
1148 		}
1149 		if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1150 			fprintf(stderr, "tracks/cylinder 0\n");
1151 			return (1);
1152 		}
1153 		if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1154 			fprintf(stderr, "cylinders/unit 0\n");
1155 			errors++;
1156 		}
1157 		if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1158 			warnx("revolutions/minute 0");
1159 		if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1160 			lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1161 		if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1162 			lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1163 		if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1164 			fprintf(stderr, "boot block size 0\n");
1165 			errors++;
1166 		} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1167 			warnx("boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1168 		if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS) {
1169 			warnx("number of partitions (%lu) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1170 			    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1171 			errors++;
1172 		}
1173 		if (lp->d_npartitions < DEFPARTITIONS) {
1174 			warnx("number of partitions (%lu) < DEFPARTITIONS (%d)",
1175 			    (u_long)lp->d_npartitions, DEFPARTITIONS);
1176 			errors++;
1177 		}
1178 	} else {
1179 		struct disklabel *vl;
1180 
1181 		vl = getvirginlabel();
1182 		if (lp->d_secsize == 0)
1183 			lp->d_secsize = vl->d_secsize;
1184 		if (lp->d_nsectors == 0)
1185 			lp->d_nsectors = vl->d_nsectors;
1186 		if (lp->d_ntracks == 0)
1187 			lp->d_ntracks = vl->d_ntracks;
1188 		if (lp->d_ncylinders == 0)
1189 			lp->d_ncylinders = vl->d_ncylinders;
1190 		if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1191 			lp->d_rpm = vl->d_rpm;
1192 		if (lp->d_interleave == 0)
1193 			lp->d_interleave = vl->d_interleave;
1194 		if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1195 			lp->d_secpercyl = vl->d_secpercyl;
1196 		if (lp->d_secperunit == 0 ||
1197 		    lp->d_secperunit > vl->d_secperunit)
1198 			lp->d_secperunit = vl->d_secperunit;
1199 		if (lp->d_bbsize == 0)
1200 			lp->d_bbsize = vl->d_bbsize;
1201 		if (lp->d_npartitions < DEFPARTITIONS ||
1202 		    lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1203 			lp->d_npartitions = vl->d_npartitions;
1204 	}
1205 
1206 
1207 	/* first allocate space to the partitions, then offsets */
1208 	total_size = 0; /* in sectors */
1209 	total_percent = 0; /* in percent */
1210 	hog_part = -1;
1211 	/* find all fixed partitions */
1212 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1213 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1214 		if (part_set[i]) {
1215 			if (part_size_type[i] == '*') {
1216 				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1217 					pp->p_size = lp->d_secperunit;
1218 				} else {
1219 					if (hog_part != -1)
1220 						warnx("Too many '*' partitions (%c and %c)",
1221 						    hog_part + 'a',i + 'a');
1222 					else
1223 						hog_part = i;
1224 				}
1225 			} else {
1226 				off_t size;
1227 
1228 				size = pp->p_size;
1229 				switch (part_size_type[i]) {
1230 				case '%':
1231 					total_percent += size;
1232 					break;
1233 				case 't':
1234 				case 'T':
1235 					size *= 1024ULL;
1236 					/* FALLTHROUGH */
1237 				case 'g':
1238 				case 'G':
1239 					size *= 1024ULL;
1240 					/* FALLTHROUGH */
1241 				case 'm':
1242 				case 'M':
1243 					size *= 1024ULL;
1244 					/* FALLTHROUGH */
1245 				case 'k':
1246 				case 'K':
1247 					size *= 1024ULL;
1248 					break;
1249 				case '\0':
1250 					break;
1251 				default:
1252 					warnx("unknown multiplier suffix '%c' for partition %c (should be K, M, G or T)",
1253 					    part_size_type[i], i + 'a');
1254 					break;
1255 				}
1256 				/* don't count %'s yet */
1257 				if (part_size_type[i] != '%') {
1258 					/*
1259 					 * for all not in sectors, convert to
1260 					 * sectors
1261 					 */
1262 					if (part_size_type[i] != '\0') {
1263 						if (size % lp->d_secsize != 0)
1264 							warnx("partition %c not an integer number of sectors",
1265 							    i + 'a');
1266 						size /= lp->d_secsize;
1267 						pp->p_size = size;
1268 					}
1269 					/* else already in sectors */
1270 					if (i != RAW_PART)
1271 						total_size += size;
1272 				}
1273 			}
1274 		}
1275 	}
1276 
1277 	/* Find out the total free space, excluding the boot block area. */
1278 	base_offset = BBSIZE / secsize;
1279 	free_space = 0;
1280 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1281 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1282 		if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART ||
1283 		    part_size_type[i] == '%' || part_size_type[i] == '*')
1284 			continue;
1285 		if (pp->p_offset > base_offset)
1286 			free_space += pp->p_offset - base_offset;
1287 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > base_offset)
1288 			base_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1289 	}
1290 	if (base_offset < lp->d_secperunit)
1291 		free_space += lp->d_secperunit - base_offset;
1292 
1293 	/* handle % partitions - note %'s don't need to add up to 100! */
1294 	if (total_percent != 0) {
1295 		if (total_percent > 100) {
1296 			fprintf(stderr,"total percentage %lu is greater than 100\n",
1297 			    total_percent);
1298 			errors++;
1299 		}
1300 
1301 		if (free_space > 0) {
1302 			for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1303 				pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1304 				if (part_set[i] && part_size_type[i] == '%') {
1305 					/* careful of overflows! and integer roundoff */
1306 					pp->p_size = ((double)pp->p_size/100) * free_space;
1307 					total_size += pp->p_size;
1308 
1309 					/* FIX we can lose a sector or so due to roundoff per
1310 					   partition.  A more complex algorithm could avoid that */
1311 				}
1312 			}
1313 		} else {
1314 			fprintf(stderr,
1315 			    "%ld sectors available to give to '*' and '%%' partitions\n",
1316 			    free_space);
1317 			errors++;
1318 			/* fix?  set all % partitions to size 0? */
1319 		}
1320 	}
1321 	/* give anything remaining to the hog partition */
1322 	if (hog_part != -1) {
1323 		/*
1324 		 * Find the range of offsets usable by '*' partitions around
1325 		 * the hog partition and how much space they need.
1326 		 */
1327 		needed = 0;
1328 		base_offset = BBSIZE / secsize;
1329 		for (i = hog_part - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1330 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1331 			if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART)
1332 				continue;
1333 			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1334 				needed += pp->p_size;
1335 				continue;
1336 			}
1337 			base_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1338 			break;
1339 		}
1340 		current_offset = lp->d_secperunit;
1341 		for (i = lp->d_npartitions - 1; i > hog_part; i--) {
1342 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1343 			if (!part_set[i] || i == RAW_PART)
1344 				continue;
1345 			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1346 				needed += pp->p_size;
1347 				continue;
1348 			}
1349 			current_offset = pp->p_offset;
1350 		}
1351 
1352 		if (current_offset - base_offset <= needed) {
1353 			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find space for partition %c\n",
1354 			    hog_part + 'a');
1355 			fprintf(stderr,
1356 			    "Need more than %lu sectors between %lu and %lu\n",
1357 			    needed, base_offset, current_offset);
1358 			errors++;
1359 			lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = 0;
1360 		} else {
1361 			lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size = current_offset -
1362 			    base_offset - needed;
1363 			total_size += lp->d_partitions[hog_part].p_size;
1364 		}
1365 	}
1366 
1367 	/* Now set the offsets for each partition */
1368 	current_offset = BBSIZE / secsize; /* in sectors */
1369 	seen_default_offset = 0;
1370 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1371 		part = 'a' + i;
1372 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1373 		if (part_set[i]) {
1374 			if (part_offset_type[i] == '*') {
1375 				if (i == RAW_PART) {
1376 					pp->p_offset = 0;
1377 				} else {
1378 					pp->p_offset = current_offset;
1379 					seen_default_offset = 1;
1380 				}
1381 			} else {
1382 				/* allow them to be out of order for old-style tables */
1383 				if (pp->p_offset < current_offset &&
1384 				    seen_default_offset && i != RAW_PART &&
1385 				    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM) {
1386 					fprintf(stderr,
1387 "Offset %ld for partition %c overlaps previous partition which ends at %lu\n",
1388 					    (long)pp->p_offset,i+'a',current_offset);
1389 					fprintf(stderr,
1390 "Labels with any *'s for offset must be in ascending order by sector\n");
1391 					errors++;
1392 				} else if (pp->p_offset != current_offset &&
1393 				    i != RAW_PART && seen_default_offset) {
1394 					/*
1395 					 * this may give unneeded warnings if
1396 					 * partitions are out-of-order
1397 					 */
1398 					warnx(
1399 "Offset %ld for partition %c doesn't match expected value %ld",
1400 					    (long)pp->p_offset, i + 'a', current_offset);
1401 				}
1402 			}
1403 			if (i != RAW_PART)
1404 				current_offset = pp->p_offset + pp->p_size;
1405 		}
1406 	}
1407 
1408 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1409 		part = 'a' + i;
1410 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1411 		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1412 			warnx("partition %c: size 0, but offset %lu",
1413 			    part, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1414 #ifdef notdef
1415 		if (pp->p_size % lp->d_secpercyl)
1416 			warnx("partition %c: size %% cylinder-size != 0",
1417 			    part);
1418 		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl)
1419 			warnx("partition %c: offset %% cylinder-size != 0",
1420 			    part);
1421 #endif
1422 		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1423 			fprintf(stderr,
1424 			    "partition %c: offset past end of unit\n", part);
1425 			errors++;
1426 		}
1427 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1428 			fprintf(stderr,
1429 			"partition %c: partition extends past end of unit\n",
1430 			    part);
1431 			errors++;
1432 		}
1433 		if (i == RAW_PART) {
1434 			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1435 				warnx("partition %c is not marked as unused!",part);
1436 			if (pp->p_offset != 0)
1437 				warnx("partition %c doesn't start at 0!",part);
1438 			if (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)
1439 				warnx("partition %c doesn't cover the whole unit!",part);
1440 
1441 			if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) || (pp->p_offset != 0) ||
1442 			    (pp->p_size != lp->d_secperunit)) {
1443 				warnx("An incorrect partition %c may cause problems for "
1444 				    "standard system utilities",part);
1445 			}
1446 		}
1447 
1448 		/* check for overlaps */
1449 		/* this will check for all possible overlaps once and only once */
1450 		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1451 			pp2 = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1452 			if (j != RAW_PART && i != RAW_PART &&
1453 			    pp->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1454 			    pp2->p_fstype != FS_VINUM &&
1455 			    part_set[i] && part_set[j]) {
1456 				if (pp2->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size &&
1457 				    (pp2->p_offset + pp2->p_size > pp->p_offset ||
1458 					pp2->p_offset >= pp->p_offset)) {
1459 					fprintf(stderr,"partitions %c and %c overlap!\n",
1460 					    j + 'a', i + 'a');
1461 					errors++;
1462 				}
1463 			}
1464 		}
1465 	}
1466 	for (; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1467 		part = 'a' + i;
1468 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1469 		if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset)
1470 			warnx("unused partition %c: size %d offset %lu",
1471 			    'a' + i, pp->p_size, (u_long)pp->p_offset);
1472 	}
1473 	return (errors);
1474 }
1475 
1476 /*
1477  * When operating on a "virgin" disk, try getting an initial label
1478  * from the associated device driver.  This might work for all device
1479  * drivers that are able to fetch some initial device parameters
1480  * without even having access to a (BSD) disklabel, like SCSI disks,
1481  * most IDE drives, or vn devices.
1482  *
1483  * The device name must be given in its "canonical" form.
1484  */
1485 static struct disklabel *
1486 getvirginlabel(void)
1487 {
1488 	static struct disklabel loclab;
1489 	struct partition *dp;
1490 	int f;
1491 	u_int u;
1492 
1493 	if ((f = open(specname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
1494 		warn("cannot open %s", specname);
1495 		return (NULL);
1496 	}
1497 
1498 	if (is_file)
1499 		get_file_parms(f);
1500 	else {
1501 		mediasize = g_mediasize(f);
1502 		secsize = g_sectorsize(f);
1503 		if (secsize < 0 || mediasize < 0) {
1504 			close (f);
1505 			return (NULL);
1506 		}
1507 	}
1508 	memset(&loclab, 0, sizeof loclab);
1509 	loclab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
1510 	loclab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
1511 	loclab.d_secsize = secsize;
1512 	loclab.d_secperunit = mediasize / secsize;
1513 
1514 	/*
1515 	 * Nobody in these enlightened days uses the CHS geometry for
1516 	 * anything, but nonetheless try to get it right.  If we fail
1517 	 * to get any good ideas from the device, construct something
1518 	 * which is IBM-PC friendly.
1519 	 */
1520 	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u) == 0)
1521 		loclab.d_nsectors = u;
1522 	else
1523 		loclab.d_nsectors = 63;
1524 	if (ioctl(f, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u) == 0)
1525 		loclab.d_ntracks = u;
1526 	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
1527 		loclab.d_ntracks = 1;
1528 	else if (loclab.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
1529 		loclab.d_ntracks = 16;
1530 	else
1531 		loclab.d_ntracks = 255;
1532 	loclab.d_secpercyl = loclab.d_ntracks * loclab.d_nsectors;
1533 	loclab.d_ncylinders = loclab.d_secperunit / loclab.d_secpercyl;
1534 	loclab.d_npartitions = DEFPARTITIONS;
1535 
1536 	/* Various (unneeded) compat stuff */
1537 	loclab.d_rpm = 3600;
1538 	loclab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
1539 	loclab.d_interleave = 1;
1540 	strncpy(loclab.d_typename, "amnesiac",
1541 	    sizeof(loclab.d_typename));
1542 
1543 	dp = &loclab.d_partitions[RAW_PART];
1544 	dp->p_size = loclab.d_secperunit;
1545 	loclab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&loclab);
1546 	close (f);
1547 	return (&loclab);
1548 }
1549 
1550 static void
1551 usage(void)
1552 {
1553 
1554 	fprintf(stderr,
1555 	"%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1556 	"usage: bsdlabel disk",
1557 	"\t\t(to read label)",
1558 	"	bsdlabel -w [-n] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1559 	"\t\t(to write label with existing boot program)",
1560 	"	bsdlabel -e [-n] [-m machine] disk",
1561 	"\t\t(to edit label)",
1562 	"	bsdlabel -R [-n] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1563 	"\t\t(to restore label with existing boot program)",
1564 	"	bsdlabel -B [-b boot] [-m machine] disk",
1565 	"\t\t(to install boot program with existing on-disk label)",
1566 	"	bsdlabel -w -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk [type]",
1567 	"\t\t(to write label and install boot program)",
1568 	"	bsdlabel -R -B [-n] [-b boot] [-m machine] disk protofile",
1569 		"\t\t(to restore label and install boot program)"
1570 	);
1571 	exit(1);
1572 }
1573