xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/bitstring.h (revision 19261079)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Paul Vixie.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  * Copyright (c) 2014 Spectra Logic Corporation
35  * All rights reserved.
36  *
37  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
38  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
39  * are met:
40  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
41  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
42  *    without modification.
43  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
44  *    substantially similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below
45  *    ("Disclaimer") and any redistribution must be conditioned upon
46  *    including a substantially similar Disclaimer requirement for further
47  *    binary redistribution.
48  *
49  * NO WARRANTY
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
51  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
52  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR
53  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
54  * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
55  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
56  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
57  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
58  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
59  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
60  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
61  *
62  * $FreeBSD$
63  */
64 #ifndef _SYS_BITSTRING_H_
65 #define	_SYS_BITSTRING_H_
66 
67 #ifdef _KERNEL
68 #include <sys/libkern.h>
69 #include <sys/malloc.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 #include <sys/types.h>
73 
74 typedef	unsigned long bitstr_t;
75 
76 /*---------------------- Private Implementation Details ----------------------*/
77 #define	_BITSTR_MASK (~0UL)
78 #define	_BITSTR_BITS (sizeof(bitstr_t) * 8)
79 
80 #ifdef roundup2
81 #define        _bit_roundup2 roundup2
82 #else
83 #define        _bit_roundup2(x, y)        (((x)+((y)-1))&(~((y)-1))) /* if y is powers of two */
84 #endif
85 
86 /* bitstr_t in bit string containing the bit. */
87 static inline int
88 _bit_idx(int _bit)
89 {
90 	return (_bit / _BITSTR_BITS);
91 }
92 
93 /* bit number within bitstr_t at _bit_idx(_bit). */
94 static inline int
95 _bit_offset(int _bit)
96 {
97 	return (_bit % _BITSTR_BITS);
98 }
99 
100 /* Mask for the bit within its long. */
101 static inline bitstr_t
102 _bit_mask(int _bit)
103 {
104 	return (1UL << _bit_offset(_bit));
105 }
106 
107 static inline bitstr_t
108 _bit_make_mask(int _start, int _stop)
109 {
110 	return ((_BITSTR_MASK << _bit_offset(_start)) &
111 	    (_BITSTR_MASK >> (_BITSTR_BITS - _bit_offset(_stop) - 1)));
112 }
113 
114 /*----------------------------- Public Interface -----------------------------*/
115 /* Number of bytes allocated for a bit string of nbits bits */
116 #define	bitstr_size(_nbits) (_bit_roundup2(_nbits, _BITSTR_BITS) / 8)
117 
118 /* Allocate a bit string initialized with no bits set. */
119 #ifdef _KERNEL
120 static inline bitstr_t *
121 bit_alloc(int _nbits, struct malloc_type *type, int flags)
122 {
123 	return ((bitstr_t *)malloc(bitstr_size(_nbits), type, flags | M_ZERO));
124 }
125 #else
126 static inline bitstr_t *
127 bit_alloc(int _nbits)
128 {
129 	return ((bitstr_t *)calloc(bitstr_size(_nbits), 1));
130 }
131 #endif
132 
133 /* Allocate a bit string on the stack */
134 #define	bit_decl(name, nbits) \
135 	((name)[bitstr_size(nbits) / sizeof(bitstr_t)])
136 
137 /* Is bit N of bit string set? */
138 static inline int
139 bit_test(const bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
140 {
141 	return ((_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] & _bit_mask(_bit)) != 0);
142 }
143 
144 /* Set bit N of bit string. */
145 static inline void
146 bit_set(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
147 {
148 	_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] |= _bit_mask(_bit);
149 }
150 
151 /* clear bit N of bit string name */
152 static inline void
153 bit_clear(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _bit)
154 {
155 	_bitstr[_bit_idx(_bit)] &= ~_bit_mask(_bit);
156 }
157 
158 /* Set bits start ... stop inclusive in bit string. */
159 static inline void
160 bit_nset(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _stop)
161 {
162 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
163 
164 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_stop);
165 	_bitstr += _bit_idx(_start);
166 
167 	if (_bitstr == _stopbitstr) {
168 		*_bitstr |= _bit_make_mask(_start, _stop);
169 	} else {
170 		*_bitstr |= _bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
171 		while (++_bitstr < _stopbitstr)
172 	    		*_bitstr = _BITSTR_MASK;
173 		*_stopbitstr |= _bit_make_mask(0, _stop);
174 	}
175 }
176 
177 /* Clear bits start ... stop inclusive in bit string. */
178 static inline void
179 bit_nclear(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _stop)
180 {
181 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
182 
183 	_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_stop);
184 	_bitstr += _bit_idx(_start);
185 
186 	if (_bitstr == _stopbitstr) {
187 		*_bitstr &= ~_bit_make_mask(_start, _stop);
188 	} else {
189 		*_bitstr &= ~_bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
190 		while (++_bitstr < _stopbitstr)
191 			*_bitstr = 0;
192 		*_stopbitstr &= ~_bit_make_mask(0, _stop);
193 	}
194 }
195 
196 /* Find the first bit set in bit string at or after bit start. */
197 static inline void
198 bit_ffs_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
199 {
200 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr;
201 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
202 	bitstr_t _test;
203 	int _value, _offset;
204 
205 	if (_start >= _nbits) {
206 		*_result = -1;
207 		return;
208 	}
209 
210 	if (_nbits > 0) {
211 		_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
212 		_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_nbits - 1);
213 
214 		_test = *_curbitstr;
215 		if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
216 			_test &= _bit_make_mask(_start, _BITSTR_BITS - 1);
217 		while (_test == 0 && _curbitstr < _stopbitstr)
218 			_test = *(++_curbitstr);
219 
220 		_offset = ffsl(_test);
221 		_value = ((_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS) + _offset - 1;
222 		if (_offset == 0 || _value >= _nbits)
223 			_value = -1;
224 	} else {
225 		_value = -1;
226 	}
227 	*_result = _value;
228 }
229 
230 /* Find the first bit clear in bit string at or after bit start. */
231 static inline void
232 bit_ffc_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
233 {
234 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr;
235 	bitstr_t *_stopbitstr;
236 	bitstr_t _test;
237 	int _value, _offset;
238 
239 	if (_start >= _nbits) {
240 		*_result = -1;
241 		return;
242 	}
243 
244 	if (_nbits > 0) {
245 		_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
246 		_stopbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_nbits - 1);
247 
248 		_test = *_curbitstr;
249 		if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
250 			_test |= _bit_make_mask(0, _start - 1);
251 		while (_test == _BITSTR_MASK && _curbitstr < _stopbitstr)
252 			_test = *(++_curbitstr);
253 
254 		_offset = ffsl(~_test);
255 		_value = ((_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS) + _offset - 1;
256 		if (_offset == 0 || _value >= _nbits)
257 			_value = -1;
258 	} else {
259 		_value = -1;
260 	}
261 	*_result = _value;
262 }
263 
264 /* Find the first bit set in bit string. */
265 static inline void
266 bit_ffs(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int *_result)
267 {
268 	bit_ffs_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _result);
269 }
270 
271 /* Find the first bit clear in bit string. */
272 static inline void
273 bit_ffc(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int *_result)
274 {
275 	bit_ffc_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _result);
276 }
277 
278 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size set bits at or after start */
279 static inline void
280 bit_ffs_area_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _size,
281     int *_result)
282 {
283 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr;
284 	bitstr_t _test;
285 	int _value, _offset, _logsize, _b;
286 
287 	if (_start + _size > _nbits || _nbits <= 0) {
288 		*_result = -1;
289 		return;
290 	}
291 
292 	_logsize = fls(_size - 1);
293 	_value = _start;
294 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
295 	_test = ~*_curbitstr;
296 	if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
297 		_test |= _bit_make_mask(0, _start - 1);
298 	for (_offset = 0;; _offset -= _BITSTR_BITS, _test = ~*++_curbitstr) {
299 		if (_test != 0) {
300 			/* If leading 0s in _test can finish 0-area, stop. */
301 			if (_offset + _size < (int)_BITSTR_BITS &&
302 			    (_test & _bit_make_mask(0, _offset + _size)) == 0)
303 				break;
304 			/* Shrink-left every 0-area in _test by size-1 bits. */
305 			_b = _logsize;
306 			while ((_test & (_test + 1)) != 0 && _b-- > 0)
307 				_test |= _test >> (((_size - 1) >> _b) + 1) / 2;
308 			/* Find the start of the first 0-area in _test. */
309 			_offset = (~_test == 0) ? (int)_BITSTR_BITS :
310 			    ffsl(~_test) - 1;
311 			_value = (_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS +
312 			    _offset;
313 			/* If there's insufficient space left, give up. */
314 			if (_value + _size > _nbits) {
315 				_value = -1;
316 				break;
317 			}
318 		}
319 		if (_offset + _size <= (int)_BITSTR_BITS)
320 			break;
321 	}
322 	*_result = _value;
323 }
324 
325 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size cleared bits at or after start */
326 static inline void
327 bit_ffc_area_at(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int _size,
328     int *_result)
329 {
330 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr;
331 	bitstr_t _test;
332 	int _value, _offset, _logsize, _b;
333 
334 	if (_start + _size > _nbits || _nbits <= 0) {
335 		*_result = -1;
336 		return;
337 	}
338 
339 	_logsize = fls(_size - 1);
340 	_value = _start;
341 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
342 	_test = *_curbitstr;
343 	if (_bit_offset(_start) != 0)
344 		_test |= _bit_make_mask(0, _start - 1);
345 	for (_offset = 0;; _offset -= _BITSTR_BITS, _test = *++_curbitstr) {
346 		if (_test != 0) {
347 			/* If leading 0s in _test can finish 0-area, stop. */
348 			if (_offset + _size < (int)_BITSTR_BITS &&
349 			    (_test & _bit_make_mask(0, _offset + _size)) == 0)
350 				break;
351 			/* Shrink-left every 0-area in _test by size-1 bits. */
352 			_b = _logsize;
353 			while ((_test & (_test + 1)) != 0 && _b-- > 0)
354 				_test |= _test >> (((_size - 1) >> _b) + 1) / 2;
355 			/* Find the start of the first 0-area in _test. */
356 			_offset = (~_test == 0) ? (int)_BITSTR_BITS :
357 			    ffsl(~_test) - 1;
358 			_value = (_curbitstr - _bitstr) * _BITSTR_BITS +
359 			    _offset;
360 			/* If there's insufficient space left, give up. */
361 			if (_value + _size > _nbits) {
362 				_value = -1;
363 				break;
364 			}
365 		}
366 		if (_offset + _size <= (int)_BITSTR_BITS)
367 			break;
368 	}
369 	*_result = _value;
370 }
371 
372 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size set bits in bit string */
373 static inline void
374 bit_ffs_area(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int _size, int *_result)
375 {
376 	bit_ffs_area_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _size, _result);
377 }
378 
379 /* Find contiguous sequence of at least size cleared bits in bit string */
380 static inline void
381 bit_ffc_area(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _nbits, int _size, int *_result)
382 {
383 	bit_ffc_area_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _size, _result);
384 }
385 
386 /* Count the number of bits set in a bitstr of size _nbits at or after _start */
387 static inline void
388 bit_count(bitstr_t *_bitstr, int _start, int _nbits, int *_result)
389 {
390 	bitstr_t *_curbitstr, mask;
391 	int _value = 0, curbitstr_len;
392 
393 	if (_start >= _nbits)
394 		goto out;
395 
396 	_curbitstr = _bitstr + _bit_idx(_start);
397 	_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS * _bit_idx(_start);
398 	_start -= _BITSTR_BITS * _bit_idx(_start);
399 
400 	if (_start > 0) {
401 		curbitstr_len = (int)_BITSTR_BITS < _nbits ?
402 				(int)_BITSTR_BITS : _nbits;
403 		mask = _bit_make_mask(_start, _bit_offset(curbitstr_len - 1));
404 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr & mask);
405 		_curbitstr++;
406 		_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS;
407 	}
408 	while (_nbits >= (int)_BITSTR_BITS) {
409 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr);
410 		_curbitstr++;
411 		_nbits -= _BITSTR_BITS;
412 	}
413 	if (_nbits > 0) {
414 		mask = _bit_make_mask(0, _bit_offset(_nbits - 1));
415 		_value += __bitcountl(*_curbitstr & mask);
416 	}
417 
418 out:
419 	*_result = _value;
420 }
421 
422 /* Traverse all set bits, assigning each location in turn to iter */
423 #define	bit_foreach_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _iter)			\
424 	for (bit_ffs_at((_bitstr), (_start), (_nbits), &(_iter));	\
425 	     (_iter) != -1;						\
426 	     bit_ffs_at((_bitstr), (_iter) + 1, (_nbits), &(_iter)))
427 #define	bit_foreach(_bitstr, _nbits, _iter)				\
428 	bit_foreach_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _iter)
429 
430 /* Traverse all unset bits, assigning each location in turn to iter */
431 #define	bit_foreach_unset_at(_bitstr, _start, _nbits, _iter)		\
432 	for (bit_ffc_at((_bitstr), (_start), (_nbits), &(_iter));	\
433 	     (_iter) != -1;						\
434 	     bit_ffc_at((_bitstr), (_iter) + 1, (_nbits), &(_iter)))
435 #define	bit_foreach_unset(_bitstr, _nbits, _iter)			\
436 	bit_foreach_unset_at(_bitstr, /*start*/0, _nbits, _iter)
437 
438 #endif	/* _SYS_BITSTRING_H_ */
439