xref: /freebsd/sys/sys/rwlock.h (revision 535af610)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 John Baldwin <jhb@FreeBSD.org>
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef _SYS_RWLOCK_H_
31 #define _SYS_RWLOCK_H_
32 
33 #include <sys/_lock.h>
34 #include <sys/_rwlock.h>
35 #include <sys/lock_profile.h>
36 #include <sys/lockstat.h>
37 
38 #ifdef _KERNEL
39 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
40 #include <machine/atomic.h>
41 #endif
42 
43 /*
44  * The rw_lock field consists of several fields.  The low bit indicates
45  * if the lock is locked with a read (shared) or write (exclusive) lock.
46  * A value of 0 indicates a write lock, and a value of 1 indicates a read
47  * lock.  Bit 1 is a boolean indicating if there are any threads waiting
48  * for a read lock.  Bit 2 is a boolean indicating if there are any threads
49  * waiting for a write lock.  The rest of the variable's definition is
50  * dependent on the value of the first bit.  For a write lock, it is a
51  * pointer to the thread holding the lock, similar to the mtx_lock field of
52  * mutexes.  For read locks, it is a count of read locks that are held.
53  *
54  * When the lock is not locked by any thread, it is encoded as a read lock
55  * with zero waiters.
56  */
57 
58 #define	RW_LOCK_READ		0x01
59 #define	RW_LOCK_READ_WAITERS	0x02
60 #define	RW_LOCK_WRITE_WAITERS	0x04
61 #define	RW_LOCK_WRITE_SPINNER	0x08
62 #define	RW_LOCK_WRITER_RECURSED	0x10
63 #define	RW_LOCK_FLAGMASK						\
64 	(RW_LOCK_READ | RW_LOCK_READ_WAITERS | RW_LOCK_WRITE_WAITERS |	\
65 	RW_LOCK_WRITE_SPINNER | RW_LOCK_WRITER_RECURSED)
66 #define	RW_LOCK_WAITERS		(RW_LOCK_READ_WAITERS | RW_LOCK_WRITE_WAITERS)
67 
68 #define	RW_OWNER(x)		((x) & ~RW_LOCK_FLAGMASK)
69 #define	RW_READERS_SHIFT	5
70 #define	RW_READERS(x)		(RW_OWNER((x)) >> RW_READERS_SHIFT)
71 #define	RW_READERS_LOCK(x)	((x) << RW_READERS_SHIFT | RW_LOCK_READ)
72 #define	RW_ONE_READER		(1 << RW_READERS_SHIFT)
73 
74 #define	RW_UNLOCKED		RW_READERS_LOCK(0)
75 #define	RW_DESTROYED		(RW_LOCK_READ_WAITERS | RW_LOCK_WRITE_WAITERS)
76 
77 #ifdef _KERNEL
78 
79 #define	rw_recurse	lock_object.lo_data
80 
81 #define	RW_READ_VALUE(x)	((x)->rw_lock)
82 
83 /* Very simple operations on rw_lock. */
84 
85 /* Try to obtain a write lock once. */
86 #define	_rw_write_lock(rw, tid)						\
87 	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr(&(rw)->rw_lock, RW_UNLOCKED, (tid))
88 
89 #define	_rw_write_lock_fetch(rw, vp, tid)				\
90 	atomic_fcmpset_acq_ptr(&(rw)->rw_lock, vp, (tid))
91 
92 /* Release a write lock quickly if there are no waiters. */
93 #define	_rw_write_unlock(rw, tid)					\
94 	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr(&(rw)->rw_lock, (tid), RW_UNLOCKED)
95 
96 #define	_rw_write_unlock_fetch(rw, tid)					\
97 	atomic_fcmpset_rel_ptr(&(rw)->rw_lock, (tid), RW_UNLOCKED)
98 
99 /*
100  * Full lock operations that are suitable to be inlined in non-debug
101  * kernels.  If the lock cannot be acquired or released trivially then
102  * the work is deferred to another function.
103  */
104 
105 /* Acquire a write lock. */
106 #define	__rw_wlock(rw, tid, file, line) __extension__ ({		\
107 	uintptr_t _tid = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
108 	uintptr_t _v = RW_UNLOCKED;					\
109 									\
110 	if (__predict_false(LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_ENABLED(rw__acquire) ||	\
111 	    !_rw_write_lock_fetch((rw), &_v, _tid)))			\
112 		_rw_wlock_hard((rw), _v, (file), (line));		\
113 	(void)0; /* ensure void type for expression */			\
114 })
115 
116 /* Release a write lock. */
117 #define	__rw_wunlock(rw, tid, file, line) __extension__ ({		\
118 	uintptr_t _v = (uintptr_t)(tid);				\
119 									\
120 	if (__predict_false(LOCKSTAT_PROFILE_ENABLED(rw__release) ||	\
121 	    !_rw_write_unlock_fetch((rw), &_v)))			\
122 		_rw_wunlock_hard((rw), _v, (file), (line));		\
123 	(void)0; /* ensure void type for expression */			\
124 })
125 
126 /*
127  * Function prototypes.  Routines that start with _ are not part of the
128  * external API and should not be called directly.  Wrapper macros should
129  * be used instead.
130  */
131 void	_rw_init_flags(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *name, int opts);
132 void	_rw_destroy(volatile uintptr_t *c);
133 void	rw_sysinit(void *arg);
134 int	_rw_wowned(const volatile uintptr_t *c);
135 void	_rw_wlock_cookie(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
136 int	__rw_try_wlock_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
137 int	__rw_try_wlock(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
138 void	_rw_wunlock_cookie(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
139 void	__rw_rlock_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
140 void	__rw_rlock(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
141 int	__rw_try_rlock_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
142 int	__rw_try_rlock(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
143 void	_rw_runlock_cookie_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
144 void	_rw_runlock_cookie(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
145 void	__rw_wlock_hard(volatile uintptr_t *c, uintptr_t v
146 	    LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
147 void	__rw_wunlock_hard(volatile uintptr_t *c, uintptr_t v
148 	    LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
149 int	__rw_try_upgrade_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
150 int	__rw_try_upgrade(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
151 void	__rw_downgrade_int(struct rwlock *rw LOCK_FILE_LINE_ARG_DEF);
152 void	__rw_downgrade(volatile uintptr_t *c, const char *file, int line);
153 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
154 void	__rw_assert(const volatile uintptr_t *c, int what, const char *file,
155 	    int line);
156 #endif
157 
158 /*
159  * Top-level macros to provide lock cookie once the actual rwlock is passed.
160  * They will also prevent passing a malformed object to the rwlock KPI by
161  * failing compilation as the rw_lock reserved member will not be found.
162  */
163 #define	rw_init(rw, n)							\
164 	_rw_init_flags(&(rw)->rw_lock, n, 0)
165 #define	rw_init_flags(rw, n, o)						\
166 	_rw_init_flags(&(rw)->rw_lock, n, o)
167 #define	rw_destroy(rw)							\
168 	_rw_destroy(&(rw)->rw_lock)
169 #define	rw_wowned(rw)							\
170 	_rw_wowned(&(rw)->rw_lock)
171 #define	_rw_wlock(rw, f, l)						\
172 	_rw_wlock_cookie(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
173 #define	_rw_try_wlock(rw, f, l)						\
174 	__rw_try_wlock(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
175 #define	_rw_wunlock(rw, f, l)						\
176 	_rw_wunlock_cookie(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
177 #define	_rw_try_rlock(rw, f, l)						\
178 	__rw_try_rlock(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
179 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0
180 #define	_rw_rlock(rw, f, l)						\
181 	__rw_rlock(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
182 #define	_rw_runlock(rw, f, l)						\
183 	_rw_runlock_cookie(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
184 #else
185 #define	_rw_rlock(rw, f, l)						\
186 	__rw_rlock_int((struct rwlock *)rw)
187 #define	_rw_runlock(rw, f, l)						\
188 	_rw_runlock_cookie_int((struct rwlock *)rw)
189 #endif
190 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0
191 #define	_rw_wlock_hard(rw, v, f, l)					\
192 	__rw_wlock_hard(&(rw)->rw_lock, v, f, l)
193 #define	_rw_wunlock_hard(rw, v, f, l)					\
194 	__rw_wunlock_hard(&(rw)->rw_lock, v, f, l)
195 #define	_rw_try_upgrade(rw, f, l)					\
196 	__rw_try_upgrade(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
197 #define	_rw_downgrade(rw, f, l)						\
198 	__rw_downgrade(&(rw)->rw_lock, f, l)
199 #else
200 #define	_rw_wlock_hard(rw, v, f, l)					\
201 	__rw_wlock_hard(&(rw)->rw_lock, v)
202 #define	_rw_wunlock_hard(rw, v, f, l)					\
203 	__rw_wunlock_hard(&(rw)->rw_lock, v)
204 #define	_rw_try_upgrade(rw, f, l)					\
205 	__rw_try_upgrade_int(rw)
206 #define	_rw_downgrade(rw, f, l)						\
207 	__rw_downgrade_int(rw)
208 #endif
209 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
210 #define	_rw_assert(rw, w, f, l)						\
211 	__rw_assert(&(rw)->rw_lock, w, f, l)
212 #endif
213 
214 /*
215  * Public interface for lock operations.
216  */
217 
218 #ifndef LOCK_DEBUG
219 #error LOCK_DEBUG not defined, include <sys/lock.h> before <sys/rwlock.h>
220 #endif
221 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0 || defined(RWLOCK_NOINLINE)
222 #define	rw_wlock(rw)		_rw_wlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
223 #define	rw_wunlock(rw)		_rw_wunlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
224 #else
225 #define	rw_wlock(rw)							\
226 	__rw_wlock((rw), curthread, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
227 #define	rw_wunlock(rw)							\
228 	__rw_wunlock((rw), curthread, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
229 #endif
230 #define	rw_rlock(rw)		_rw_rlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
231 #define	rw_runlock(rw)		_rw_runlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
232 #define	rw_try_rlock(rw)	_rw_try_rlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
233 #define	rw_try_upgrade(rw)	_rw_try_upgrade((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
234 #define	rw_try_wlock(rw)	_rw_try_wlock((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
235 #define	rw_downgrade(rw)	_rw_downgrade((rw), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
236 #define	rw_unlock(rw)	__extension__ ({				\
237 	if (rw_wowned(rw))						\
238 		rw_wunlock(rw);						\
239 	else								\
240 		rw_runlock(rw);						\
241 	(void)0; /* ensure void type for expression */			\
242 })
243 #define	rw_sleep(chan, rw, pri, wmesg, timo)				\
244 	_sleep((chan), &(rw)->lock_object, (pri), (wmesg),		\
245 	    tick_sbt * (timo), 0, C_HARDCLOCK)
246 
247 #define	rw_initialized(rw)	lock_initialized(&(rw)->lock_object)
248 
249 struct rw_args {
250 	void		*ra_rw;
251 	const char 	*ra_desc;
252 	int		ra_flags;
253 };
254 
255 #define	RW_SYSINIT_FLAGS(name, rw, desc, flags)				\
256 	static struct rw_args name##_args = {				\
257 		(rw),							\
258 		(desc),							\
259 		(flags),						\
260 	};								\
261 	SYSINIT(name##_rw_sysinit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
262 	    rw_sysinit, &name##_args);					\
263 	SYSUNINIT(name##_rw_sysuninit, SI_SUB_LOCK, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE,	\
264 	    _rw_destroy, __DEVOLATILE(void *, &(rw)->rw_lock))
265 
266 #define	RW_SYSINIT(name, rw, desc)	RW_SYSINIT_FLAGS(name, rw, desc, 0)
267 
268 /*
269  * Options passed to rw_init_flags().
270  */
271 #define	RW_DUPOK	0x01
272 #define	RW_NOPROFILE	0x02
273 #define	RW_NOWITNESS	0x04
274 #define	RW_QUIET	0x08
275 #define	RW_RECURSE	0x10
276 #define	RW_NEW		0x20
277 
278 /*
279  * The INVARIANTS-enabled rw_assert() functionality.
280  *
281  * The constants need to be defined for INVARIANT_SUPPORT infrastructure
282  * support as _rw_assert() itself uses them and the latter implies that
283  * _rw_assert() must build.
284  */
285 #if defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT)
286 #define	RA_LOCKED		LA_LOCKED
287 #define	RA_RLOCKED		LA_SLOCKED
288 #define	RA_WLOCKED		LA_XLOCKED
289 #define	RA_UNLOCKED		LA_UNLOCKED
290 #define	RA_RECURSED		LA_RECURSED
291 #define	RA_NOTRECURSED		LA_NOTRECURSED
292 #endif
293 
294 #ifdef INVARIANTS
295 #define	rw_assert(rw, what)	_rw_assert((rw), (what), LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
296 #else
297 #define	rw_assert(rw, what)
298 #endif
299 
300 #endif /* _KERNEL */
301 #endif /* !_SYS_RWLOCK_H_ */
302