usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8

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.\" ctladm utility man page.
.\"
.\" Author: Ken Merry <ken@FreeBSD.org>
.\"
.\" $Id: //depot/users/kenm/FreeBSD-test2/usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8#3 $
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd January 23, 2017
.Dt CTLADM 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm ctladm
.Nd CAM Target Layer control utility
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Aq Ar command
.Op lun
.Op generic args
.Op command args
.Nm
.Ic tur
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Nm
.Ic inquiry
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Nm
.Ic reqsense
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Nm
.Ic reportluns
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Nm
.Ic read
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Aq Fl l Ar lba
.Aq Fl d Ar datalen
.Aq Fl f Ar file|-
.Aq Fl b Ar blocksize_bytes
.Op Fl c Ar cdbsize
.Op Fl N
.Nm
.Ic write
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Aq Fl l Ar lba
.Aq Fl d Ar datalen
.Aq Fl f Ar file|-
.Aq Fl b Ar blocksize_bytes
.Op Fl c Ar cdbsize
.Op Fl N
.Nm
.Ic readcap
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Op Fl c Ar cdbsize
.Nm
.Ic modesense
.Aq lun
.Aq Fl m Ar page | Fl l
.Op Fl P Ar pc
.Op Fl d
.Op Fl S Ar subpage
.Op Fl c Ar size
.Nm
.Ic start
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Op Fl i
.Op Fl o
.Nm
.Ic stop
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Op Fl i
.Op Fl o
.Nm
.Ic synccache
.Aq lun
.Op general options
.Op Fl l Ar lba
.Op Fl b Ar blockcount
.Op Fl r
.Op Fl i
.Op Fl c Ar cdbsize
.Nm
.Ic lunlist
.Nm
.Ic delay
.Aq lun
.Aq Fl l Ar datamove|done
.Aq Fl t Ar secs
.Op Fl T Ar oneshot|cont
.Nm
.Ic inject
.Aq Fl i Ar action
.Aq Fl p Ar pattern
.Op Fl r Ar lba,len
.Op Fl s Ar len fmt Op Ar args
.Op Fl c
.Op Fl d Ar delete_id
.Nm
.Ic create
.Aq Fl b Ar backend
.Op Fl B Ar blocksize
.Op Fl d Ar device_id
.Op Fl l Ar lun_id
.Op Fl o Ar name=value
.Op Fl s Ar size_bytes
.Op Fl S Ar serial_num
.Op Fl t Ar device_type
.Nm
.Ic remove
.Aq Fl b Ar backend
.Aq Fl l Ar lun_id
.Op Fl o Ar name=value
.Nm
.Ic modify
.Aq Fl b Ar backend
.Aq Fl l Ar lun_id
.Op Fl o Ar name=value
.Aq Fl s Ar size_bytes
.Nm
.Ic devlist
.Op Fl b Ar backend
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Nm
.Ic port
.Op Fl o Ar on|off
.Op Fl w Ar wwpn
.Op Fl W Ar wwnn
.Op Fl p Ar targ_port
.Op Fl t Ar fe_type
.Nm
.Ic portlist
.Op Fl f Ar frontend
.Op Fl i
.Op Fl l
.Op Fl p Ar targ_port
.Op Fl q
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Nm
.Ic lunmap
.Aq Fl p Ar targ_port
.Op Fl l Ar pLUN
.Op Fl L Ar cLUN
.Nm
.Ic dumpooa
.Nm
.Ic dumpstructs
.Nm
.Ic islist
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Nm
.Ic islogout
.Aq Fl a | Fl c Ar connection-id | Fl i Ar name | Fl p Ar portal
.Nm
.Ic isterminate
.Aq Fl a | Fl c Ar connection-id | Fl i Ar name | Fl p Ar portal
.Nm
.Ic help
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility is designed to provide a way to access and control the CAM Target
Layer (CTL).
It provides a way to send
.Tn SCSI
commands to the CTL layer, and also provides
some meta-commands that utilize
.Tn SCSI
commands.
(For instance, the
.Ic lunlist
command is implemented using the
.Tn SCSI
REPORT LUNS and INQUIRY commands.)
.Pp
The
.Nm
utility has a number of primary functions, many of which require a device
identifier.
The device identifier takes the following form:
.Bl -tag -width 14n
.It lun
Specify the LUN number to operate on.
.El
Many of the primary functions of the
.Nm
utility take the following optional arguments:
.Bl -tag -width 10n
.It Fl C Ar retries
Specify the number of times to retry a command in the event of failure.
.It Fl D Ar device
Specify the device to open.  This allows opening a device other than the
default device,
.Pa /dev/cam/ctl ,
to be opened for sending commands.
.It Fl I Ar id
Specify the initiator number to use.
By default,
.Nm
will use 7 as the initiator number.
.El
.Pp
Primary commands:
.Bl -tag -width 11n
.It Ic tur
Send the
.Tn SCSI
TEST UNIT READY command to the device and report whether or not it is
ready.
.It Ic inquiry
Send the
.Tn SCSI
INQUIRY command to the device and display some of the returned inquiry
data.
.It Ic reqsense
Send the
.Tn SCSI
REQUEST SENSE command to the device and display the returned sense
information.
.It Ic reportluns
Send the
.Tn SCSI
REPORT LUNS command to the device and display supported LUNs.
.It Ic read
Send a
.Tn SCSI
READ command to the device, and write the requested data to a file or
stdout.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl l Ar lba
Specify the starting Logical Block Address for the READ.  This can be
specified in decimal, octal (starting with 0), hexadecimal (starting with
0x) or any other base supported by
.Xr strtoull 3 .
.It Fl d Ar datalen
Specify the length, in 512 byte blocks, of the READ request.
.It Fl f Ar file
Specify the destination for the data read by the READ command.  Either a
filename or
.Sq -
for stdout may be specified.
.It Fl c Ar cdbsize
Specify the minimum
.Tn SCSI
CDB (Command Data Block) size to be used for the READ request.  Allowable
values are 6, 10, 12 and 16.  Depending upon the LBA and amount of data
requested, a larger CDB size may be used to satisfy the request.  (e.g.,
for LBAs above 0xffffffff, READ(16) must be used to satisfy the request.)
.It Fl b Ar blocksize
Specify the blocksize of the underlying
.Tn SCSI
device, so the transfer length
can be calculated accurately.  The blocksize can be obtained via the
.Tn SCSI
READ CAPACITY command.
.It Fl N
Do not copy data to
.Nm
from the kernel when doing a read, just execute the command without copying
data.
This is to be used for performance testing.
.El
.It Ic write
Read data from a file or stdin, and write the data to the device using the
.Tn SCSI
WRITE command.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl l Ar lba
Specify the starting Logical Block Address for the WRITE.  This can be
specified in decimal, octal (starting with 0), hexadecimal (starting with
0x) or any other base supported by
.Xr strtoull 3 .
.It Fl d Ar atalen
Specify the length, in 512 byte blocks, of the WRITE request.
.It Fl f Ar file
Specify the source for the data to be written by the WRITE command.  Either a
filename or
.Sq -
for stdin may be specified.
.It Fl c Ar cdbsize
Specify the minimum
.Tn SCSI
CDB (Command Data Block) size to be used for the READ request.  Allowable
values are 6, 10, 12 and 16.  Depending upon the LBA and amount of data
requested, a larger CDB size may be used to satisfy the request.  (e.g.,
for LBAs above 0xffffffff, READ(16) must be used to satisfy the request.)
.It Fl b Ar blocksize
Specify the blocksize of the underlying
.Tn SCSI
device, so the transfer length
can be calculated accurately.  The blocksize can be obtained via the
.Tn SCSI
READ CAPACITY command.
.It Fl N
Do not copy data to
.Nm
to the kernel when doing a write, just execute the command without copying
data.
This is to be used for performance testing.
.El
.It Ic readcap
Send the
.Tn SCSI
READ CAPACITY command to the device and display the device size and device
block size.  By default, READ CAPACITY(10) is
used.  If the device returns a maximum LBA of 0xffffffff, however,
.Nm
will automatically issue a READ CAPACITY(16), which is implemented as a
service action of the SERVICE ACTION IN(16) opcode.  The user can specify
the minimum CDB size with the
.Fl c
argument.  Valid values for the
.Fl c
option are 10 and 16.  If a 10 byte CDB is specified, the request will be
automatically reissued with a 16 byte CDB if the maximum LBA returned is
0xffffffff.
.It Ic modesense
Send a
.Tn SCSI
MODE SENSE command to the device, and display the requested mode page(s) or
page list.
.Bl -tag -width 10n
.It Fl m Ar page
Specify the mode page to display.  This option and the
.Fl l
option are mutually exclusive.  One of the two must be specified, though.
Mode page numbers may be specified in decimal or hexadecimal.
.It Fl l
Request that the list of mode pages supported by the device be returned.
This option and the
.Fl m
option are mutually exclusive.  One of the two must be specified, though.
.It Fl P Ar pc
Specify the mode page control value.  Possible values are:
.Bl -tag -width 2n -compact
.It 0
Current values.
.It 1
Changeable value bitmask.
.It 2
Default values.
.It 3
Saved values.
.El
.It Fl d
Disable block descriptors when sending the mode sense request.
.It Fl S Ar subpage
Specify the subpage used with the mode sense request.
.It Fl c Ar cdbsize
Specify the CDB size used for the mode sense request.  Supported values are
6 and 10.
.El
.It Ic start
Send the
.Tn SCSI
START STOP UNIT command to the specified LUN with the start
bit set.
.Bl -tag -width 4n
.It Fl i
Set the immediate bit in the CDB.  Note that CTL does not support the
immediate bit, so this is primarily useful for making sure that CTL returns
the proper error.
.El
.It Ic stop
Send the
.Tn SCSI
START STOP UNIT command to the specified LUN with the start
bit cleared.  We use an ordered tag to stop the LUN, so we can guarantee
that all pending I/O executes before it is stopped.  (CTL guarantees this
anyway, but
.Nm
sends an ordered tag for completeness.)
.Bl -tag -width 4n
.It Fl i
Set the immediate bit in the CDB.  Note that CTL does not support the
immediate bit, so this is primarily useful for making sure that CTL returns
the proper error.
.El
.It Ic synccache
Send the
.Tn SCSI
SYNCHRONIZE CACHE command to the device.  By default, SYNCHRONIZE
CACHE(10) is used.  If the specified starting LBA is greater than
0xffffffff or the length is greater than 0xffff, though,
SYNCHRONIZE CACHE(16) will be used.  The 16 byte command will also be used
if the user specifies a 16 byte CDB with the
.Fl c
argument.
.Bl -tag -width 14n
.It Fl l Ar lba
Specify the starting LBA of the cache region to synchronize.  This option is a
no-op for CTL.  If you send a SYNCHRONIZE CACHE command, it will sync the
cache for the entire LUN.
.It Fl b Ar blockcount
Specify the length of the cache region to synchronize.  This option is a
no-op for CTL.  If you send a SYNCHRONIZE CACHE command, it will sync the
cache for the entire LUN.
.It Fl r
Specify relative addressing for the starting LBA.  CTL does not support
relative addressing, since it only works for linked commands, and CTL
does not support linked commands.
.It Fl i
Tell the target to return status immediately after issuing the SYNCHRONIZE CACHE
command rather than waiting for the cache to finish syncing.  CTL does not
support this bit.
.It Fl c Ar cdbsize
Specify the minimum CDB size.  Valid values are 10 and 16 bytes.
.El
.It Ic lunlist
List all LUNs registered with CTL.
Because this command uses the ioctl port, it will only work when the FETDs
(Front End Target Drivers) are enabled.
This command is the equivalent of doing a REPORT LUNS on one LUN and then
an INQUIRY on each LUN in the system.
.It Ic delay
Delay commands at the given location.  There are two places where commands
may be delayed currently: before data is transferred
.Pq Dq datamove
and just prior to sending status to the host
.Pq Dq done .
One of the two must be supplied as an argument to the
.Fl l
option.  The
.Fl t
option must also be specified.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl l Ar delayloc
Delay command(s) at the specified location.
This can either be at the data movement stage (datamove) or prior to
command completion (done).
.It Fl t Ar delaytime
Delay command(s) for the specified number of seconds.  This must be
specified.  If set to 0, it will clear out any previously set delay for
this particular location (datamove or done).
.It Fl T Ar delaytype
Specify the delay type.
By default, the
.Ic delay
option will delay the next command sent to the given LUN.
With the
.Fl T Ar cont
option, every command will be delayed by the specified period of time.
With the
.Fl T Ar oneshot
the next command sent to the given LUN will be delayed and all subsequent
commands will be completed normally.
This is the default.
.El
.It Ic inject
Inject the specified type of error for the LUN specified, when a command
that matches the given pattern is seen.
The sense data returned is in either fixed or descriptor format, depending
upon the status of the D_SENSE bit in the control mode page (page 0xa) for
the LUN.
.Pp
Errors are only injected for commands that have not already failed for
other reasons.
By default, only the first command matching the pattern specified is
returned with the supplied error.
.Pp
If the
.Fl c
flag is specified, all commands matching the pattern will be returned with
the specified error until the error injection command is deleted with
.Fl d
flag.
.Bl -tag -width 17n
.It Fl i Ar action
Specify the error to return:
.Bl -tag -width 10n
.It aborted
Return the next matching command on the specified LUN with the sense key
ABORTED COMMAND (0x0b), and the ASC/ASCQ 0x45,0x00 ("Select or reselect
failure").
.It mediumerr
Return the next matching command on the specified LUN with the sense key
MEDIUM ERROR (0x03) and the ASC/ASCQ 0x11,0x00 ("Unrecovered read error") for
reads, or ASC/ASCQ 0x0c,0x02 ("Write error - auto reallocation failed")
for write errors.
.It ua
Return the next matching command on the specified LUN with the sense key
UNIT ATTENTION (0x06) and the ASC/ASCQ 0x29,0x00 ("POWER ON, RESET, OR BUS
DEVICE RESET OCCURRED").
.It custom
Return the next matching command on the specified LUN with the supplied
sense data.
The
.Fl s
argument must be specified.
.El
.It Fl p Ar pattern
Specify which commands should be returned with the given error.
.Bl -tag -width 10n
.It read
The error should apply to READ(6), READ(10), READ(12), READ(16), etc.
.It write
The error should apply to WRITE(6), WRITE(10), WRITE(12), WRITE(16), WRITE
AND VERIFY(10), etc.
.It rw
The error should apply to both read and write type commands.
.It readcap
The error should apply to READ CAPACITY(10) and READ CAPACITY(16) commands.
.It tur
The error should apply to TEST UNIT READY commands.
.It any
The error should apply to any command.
.El
.It Fl r Ar lba,len
Specify the starting lba and length of the range of LBAs which should
trigger an error.
This option is only applies when read and/or write patterns are specified.
If used with other command types, the error will never be triggered.
.It Fl s Ar len fmt Op Ar args
Specify the sense data that is to be returned for custom actions.
If the format is
.Sq - ,
len bytes of sense data will be read from standard input and written to the
sense buffer.
If len is longer than 252 bytes (the maximum allowable
.Tn SCSI
sense data length), it will be truncated to that length.
The sense data format is described in
.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 .
.It Fl c
The error injection should be persistent, instead of happening once.
Persistent errors must be deleted with the
.Fl d
argument.
.It Fl d Ar delete_id
Delete the specified error injection serial number.
The serial number is returned when the error is injected.
.El
.It Ic port
Perform one of several CTL frontend port operations.
Either get a list of frontend ports
.Pq Fl l ,
turn one or more frontends on
or off
.Pq Fl o Ar on|off ,
or set the World Wide Node Name
.Pq Fl w Ar wwnn
or World Wide Port Name
.Pq Fl W Ar wwpn
for a given port.
One of
.Fl l ,
.Fl o ,
or
.Fl w
or
.Fl W
must be specified.
The WWNN and WWPN may both be specified at the same time, but cannot be
combined with enabling/disabling or listing ports.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl o Ar on|off
Turn the specified CTL frontend ports off or on.
If no port number or port type is specified, all ports are turned on or
off.
.It Fl p Ar targ_port
Specify the frontend port number.
The port numbers can be found in the frontend port list.
.It Fl t Ar fe_type
Specify the frontend type.
Currently defined port types are
.Dq fc
(Fibre Channel),
.Dq scsi
(Parallel SCSI),
.Dq ioctl
(CTL ioctl interface),
and
.Dq internal
(CTL CAM SIM).
.It Fl w Ar wwnn
Set the World Wide Node Name for the given port.
The
.Fl n
argument must be specified, since this is only possible to implement on a
single port.
As a general rule, the WWNN should be the same across all ports on the
system.
.It Fl W Ar wwpn
Set the World Wide Port Name for the given port.
The
.Fl n
argument must be specified, since this is only possible to implement on a
single port.
As a general rule, the WWPN must be different for every port in the system.
.El
.It Ic portlist
List CTL frontend ports.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl f Ar frontend
Specify the frontend type.
.It Fl i
Report target and connected initiators addresses.
.It Fl l
Report LUN mapping.
.It Fl p Ar targ_port
Specify the frontend port number.
.It Fl q
Omit the header in the port list output.
.It Fl v
Enable verbose output (report all port options).
.It Fl x
Output the port list in XML format.
.El
.It Ic lunmap
Change LUN mapping for specified port.
If both
.Ar pLUN
and
.Ar cLUN
are specified -- LUN will be mapped.
If
.Ar pLUN
is specified, but
.Ar cLUN
is not -- LUN will be unmapped.
If neither
.Ar pLUN
nor
.Ar cLUN
are specified -- LUN mapping will be disabled, exposing all CTL LUNs.
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Fl p Ar targ_port
Specify the frontend port number.
.It Fl l Ar pLUN
LUN number visible by specified port.
.It Fl L Ar cLUN
CTL LUN number.
.El
.It Ic dumpooa
Dump the OOA (Order Of Arrival) queue for each LUN registered with CTL.
.It Ic dumpstructs
Dump the CTL structures to the console.
.It Ic create
Create a new LUN.
The backend must be specified, and depending upon the backend requested,
some of the other options may be required.
If the LUN is created successfully, the LUN configuration will be
displayed.
If LUN creation fails, a message will be displayed describing the failure.
.Bl -tag -width 14n
.It Fl b Ar backend
The
.Fl b
flag is required.
This specifies the name backend to use when creating the LUN.
Examples are
.Dq ramdisk
and
.Dq block .
.It Fl B Ar blocksize
Specify the blocksize of the backend in bytes.
.It Fl d Ar device_id
Specify the LUN-associated string to use in the
.Tn SCSI
INQUIRY VPD page 0x83 data.
.It Fl l Ar lun_id
Request that a particular LUN number be assigned.
If the requested LUN number is not available, the request will fail.
.It Fl o Ar name=value
Specify a backend-specific name/value pair.
Multiple
.Fl o
arguments may be specified.
Refer to the backend documentation for arguments that may be used.
.It Fl s Ar size_bytes
Specify the size of the LUN in bytes.
Some backends may allow setting the size (e.g. the ramdisk backend) and for
others the size may be implicit (e.g. the block backend).
.It Fl S Ar serial_num
Specify the serial number to be used in the
.Tn SCSI
INQUIRY VPD page 0x80 data.
.It Fl t Ar device_type
Specify the numeric SCSI device type to use when creating the LUN.
If this flag is not used, the type of LUN created is backend-specific.
Not all LUN types are supported.
Currently CTL supports Direct Access (type 0), Processor (type 3)
and CD/DVD (type 5) LUNs.
The backend requested may or may not support all of the LUN types that CTL
supports.
.El
.It Ic remove
Remove a LUN.
The backend must be specified, and the LUN number must also be specified.
Backend-specific options may also be specified with the
.Fl o
flag.
.Bl -tag -width 14n
.It Fl b Ar backend
Specify the backend that owns the LUN to be removed.
Examples are
.Dq ramdisk
and
.Dq block .
.It Fl l Ar lun_id
Specify the LUN number to remove.
.It Fl o Ar name=value
Specify a backend-specific name/value pair.
Multiple
.Fl o
arguments may be specified.
Refer to the backend documentation for arguments that may be used.
.El
.It Ic modify
Modify a LUN size.
The backend, the LUN number, and the size must be specified.
.Bl -tag -width 14n
.It Fl b Ar backend
Specify the backend that owns the LUN to be removed.
Examples are
.Dq ramdisk
and
.Dq block .
.It Fl l Ar lun_id
Specify the LUN number to remove.
.It Fl o Ar name=value
Specify a backend-specific name/value pair.
Multiple
.Fl o
arguments may be specified.
Refer to the backend documentation for arguments that may be used.
.It Fl s Ar size_bytes
Specify the size of the LUN in bytes.
For the
.Dq block
backend, an
.Dq auto
keyword may be passed instead; this will make CTL use the size of backing
file or device.
.El
.It Ic devlist
Get a list of all configured LUNs.
This also includes the LUN size and blocksize, serial number and device ID.
.Bl -tag -width 11n
.It Fl b Ar backend
Specify the backend.
This restricts the LUN list to the named backend.
Examples are
.Dq ramdisk
and
.Dq block .
.It Fl v
Be verbose.
This will also display any backend-specific LUN attributes in addition to
the standard per-LUN information.
.It Fl x
Dump the raw XML.
The LUN list information from the kernel comes in XML format, and this
option allows the display of the raw XML data.
This option and the
.Fl v
and
.Fl b
options are mutually exclusive.
If you specify
.Fl x ,
the entire LUN database is displayed in XML format.
.El
.It Ic islist
Get a list of currently running iSCSI sessions.
This includes initiator and target names and the unique connection IDs.
.Bl -tag -width 11n
.It Fl v
Verbose mode.
.It Fl x
Dump the raw XML.
The sessions list information from the kernel comes in XML format, and this
option allows the display of the raw XML data.
.El
.It Ic islogout
Ask the initiator to log out iSCSI sessions matching criteria.
.Bl -tag -width 11n
.It Fl a
Log out all sessions.
.It Fl c
Specify connection ID.
.It Fl i
Specify initiator name.
.It Fl p
Specify initiator portal (hostname or IP address).
.El
.It Ic isterminate
Forcibly terminate iSCSI sessions matching criteria.
.Bl -tag -width 11n
.It Fl a
Terminate all sessions.
.It Fl c
Specify connection ID.
.It Fl i
Specify initiator name.
.It Fl p
Specify initiator portal (hostname or IP address).
.El
.It Ic help
Display
.Nm
usage information.
.El
.Sh OPTIONS
Number of additional configuration options may be specified for LUNs.
Some options are global, others are backend-specific.
.Pp
Global options:
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Va vendor
Specifies LUN vendor string up to 8 chars.
.It Va product
Specifies LUN product string up to 16 chars.
.It Va revision
Specifies LUN revision string up to 4 chars.
.It Va scsiname
Specifies LUN SCSI name string.
.It Va eui
Specifies LUN EUI-64 identifier.
.It Va naa
Specifies LUN NAA identifier.
.It Va uuid
Specifies LUN locally assigned RFC 4122 UUID identifier.
EUI, NAA or UUID identifier should be set to UNIQUE value to allow
EXTENDED COPY command access the LUN.
Non-unique LUN identifiers may lead to data corruption.
Some initiators may not support later introduced UUID identifiers.
.It Va ha_role
Setting to "primary" or "secondary" overrides default role of the node
in HA cluster, set by kern.cam.ctl.ha_role sysctl.
.It Va insecure_tpc
Setting to "on" allows EXTENDED COPY command sent to this LUN access
other LUNs on this host, not accessible otherwise.
This allows to offload copying between different iSCSI targets residing
on the same host in trusted environments.
.It Va readcache
Set to "off", disables read caching for the LUN, if supported by the backend.
.It Va readonly
Set to "on", blocks all media write operations to the LUN, reporting it
as write protected.
.It Va removable
Set to "on", makes LUN removable.
.It Va reordering
Set to "unrestricted", allows target to process commands with SIMPLE task
attribute in arbitrary order.  Any data integrity exposures related to
command sequence order shall be explicitly handled by the application
client through the selection of appropriate commands and task attributes.
The default value is "restricted".  It improves data integrity, but may
introduce some additional delays.
.It Va serseq
Set to "on" to serialize consecutive reads/writes.
Set to "read" to serialize consecutive reads.
Set to "off" to allow them be issued in parallel.
Parallel issue of consecutive operations may confuse logic of the
backing file system, hurting performance; but it may improve performance
of backing stores without prefetch/write-back.
.It Va pblocksize
.It Va pblockoffset
Specify physical block size and offset of the device.
.It Va ublocksize
.It Va ublockoffset
Specify UNMAP block size and offset of the device.
.It Va rpm
Specifies medium rotation rate of the device: 0 -- not reported,
1 -- non-rotating (SSD), >1024 -- value in revolutions per minute.
.It Va formfactor
Specifies nominal form factor of the device: 0 -- not reported, 1 -- 5.25",
2 -- 3.5", 3 -- 2.5", 4 -- 1.8", 5 -- less then 1.8".
.It Va provisioning_type
When UNMAP support is enabled, this option specifies provisioning type:
"resource", "thin" or "unknown".
Default value is "thin".
Logical units without UNMAP support are reported as fully provisioned.
.It Va unmap
Setting to "on" or "off" controls UNMAP support for the logical unit.
Default value is "on" if supported by the backend.
.It Va unmap_max_lba
.It Va unmap_max_descr
Specify maximum allowed number of LBAs and block descriptors per UNMAP
command to report in Block Limits VPD page.
.It Va write_same_max_lba
Specify maximum allowed number of LBAs per WRITE SAME command to report
in Block Limits VPD page.
.It Va avail-threshold
.It Va used-threshold
.It Va pool-avail-threshold
.It Va pool-used-threshold
Set per-LUN/-pool thin provisioning soft thresholds.
LUN will establish UNIT ATTENTION condition if its or pool available space
get below configured avail values, or its or pool used space get above
configured used values.
Pool thresholds are working only for ZVOL-backed LUNs.
.It Va writecache
Set to "off", disables write caching for the LUN, if supported by the backend.
.El
.Pp
Options specific for block backend:
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Va file
Specifies file or device name to use for backing store.
.It Va num_threads
Specifies number of backend threads to use for this LUN.
.El
.Pp
Options specific for ramdisk backend:
.Bl -tag -width 12n
.It Va capacity
Specifies capacity of backing store (maximum RAM for data).
The default value is zero, that disables backing store completely,
making all writes go to nowhere, while all reads return zeroes.
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Dl ctladm tur 1
.Pp
Send a
.Tn SCSI
TEST UNIT READY command to LUN 1.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm modesense 1 -l
.Pp
Display the list of mode pages supported by LUN 1.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm modesense 0 -m 10 -P 3 -d -c 10
.Pp
Display the saved version of the Control mode page (page 10) on LUN 0.
Disable fetching block descriptors, and use a 10 byte MODE SENSE command
instead of the default 6 byte command.
.Bd -literal
ctladm read 2 -l 0 -d 1 -b 512 -f - > foo
.Ed
.Pp
Read the first 512 byte block from LUN 2 and dump it to the file
.Pa foo .
.Bd -literal
ctladm write 3 -l 0xff432140 -d 20 -b 512 -f /tmp/bar
.Ed
.Pp
Read 10240 bytes from the file
.Pa /tmp/bar
and write it to LUN 3.
starting at LBA 0xff432140.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm create -b ramdisk -s 10485760000000000
.Pp
Create a LUN with the
.Dq fake
ramdisk as a backing store.
The LUN will claim to have a size of approximately 10 terabytes,
while having no real data store (all written data are lost).
.Pp
.Dl ctladm create -b ramdisk -s 10T -o capacity=10G
.Pp
Create a thin provisioned LUN with a ramdisk as a backing store.
The LUN will have maximal backing store capacity of 10 gigabytes,
while reporting size of 10 terabytes,
.Pp
.Dl ctladm create -b block -o file=src/usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8
.Pp
Create a LUN using the block backend, and specify the file
.Pa src/usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8
as the backing store.
The size of the LUN will be derived from the size of the file.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm create -b block -o file=src/usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8 -S MYSERIAL321 -d MYDEVID123
.Pp
Create a LUN using the block backend, specify the file
.Pa src/usr.sbin/ctladm/ctladm.8
as the backing store, and specify the
.Tn SCSI
VPD page 0x80 and 0x83 serial number
.Fl ( S )
and device ID
.Fl ( d ) .
.Pp
.Dl ctladm remove -b block -l 12
.Pp
Remove LUN 12, which is handled by the block backend, from the system.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm devlist
.Pp
List configured LUNs in the system, along with their backend and serial
number.
This works when the Front End Target Drivers are enabled or disabled.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm lunlist
.Pp
List all LUNs in the system, along with their inquiry data and device type.
This only works when the FETDs are enabled, since the commands go through the
ioctl port.
.Pp
.Dl ctladm inject 6 -i mediumerr -p read -r 0,512 -c
.Pp
Inject a medium error on LUN 6 for every read that covers the first 512
blocks of the LUN.
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ctladm inject 6 -i custom -p tur -s 18 "f0 0 02 s12 04 02"
.Ed
.Pp
Inject a custom error on LUN 6 for the next TEST UNIT READY command only.
This will result in a sense key of NOT READY (0x02), and an ASC/ASCQ of
0x04,0x02 ("Logical unit not ready, initializing command required").
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr cam 3 ,
.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 ,
.Xr cam 4 ,
.Xr ctl 4 ,
.Xr xpt 4 ,
.Xr camcontrol 8 ,
.Xr ctld 8 ,
.Xr ctlstat 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility was originally written during the Winter/Spring of 2003 as an
interface to CTL.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Ken Merry Aq Mt ken@FreeBSD.org