xref: /minix/libexec/ld.elf_so/rtld.h (revision 0a6a1f1d)
1 /*	$NetBSD: rtld.h,v 1.124 2014/09/19 17:43:33 matt Exp $	 */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright 1996 John D. Polstra.
5  * Copyright 1996 Matt Thomas <matt@3am-software.com>
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *      This product includes software developed by John Polstra.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef RTLD_H
35 #define RTLD_H
36 
37 #include <dlfcn.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdbool.h>
40 #include <stddef.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
45 #include <sys/tls.h>
46 #include "rtldenv.h"
47 #include "link.h"
48 
49 #if defined(_RTLD_SOURCE)
50 
51 #if defined(__ARM_EABI__) && !defined(__ARM_DWARF_EH__)
52 #include "unwind.h"
53 #endif
54 
55 #ifndef	RTLD_DEFAULT_LIBRARY_PATH
56 #define	RTLD_DEFAULT_LIBRARY_PATH	"/usr/lib"
57 #endif
58 #define _PATH_LD_HINTS			"/etc/ld.so.conf"
59 
60 extern size_t _rtld_pagesz;
61 
62 #define round_down(x)	((x) & ~(_rtld_pagesz - 1))
63 #define round_up(x)	round_down((x) + _rtld_pagesz - 1)
64 
65 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
66 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(sizeof(type)))
67 
68 /*
69  * Fill in a DoneList with an allocation large enough to hold all of
70  * the currently-loaded objects. Keep this in a macro since it calls
71  * alloca and we want that to occur within the scope of the caller.
72  */
73 #define _rtld_donelist_init(dlp)					\
74     ((dlp)->num_alloc = _rtld_objcount,					\
75     (dlp)->objs = alloca((dlp)->num_alloc * sizeof((dlp)->objs[0])),	\
76     assert((dlp)->objs != NULL),					\
77     (dlp)->num_used = 0)
78 
79 #endif /* _RTLD_SOURCE */
80 
81 /*
82  * C++ has mandated the use of the following keywords for its new boolean
83  * type.  We might as well follow their lead.
84  */
85 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
86 
87 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
88 	SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
89 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
90 } Objlist_Entry;
91 
92 typedef SIMPLEQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
93 
94 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
95 	SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry) link;
96 	char	name[1];
97 } Name_Entry;
98 
99 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
100 	struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
101 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
102 	unsigned long   name;	/* Offset of name in string table */
103 } Needed_Entry;
104 
105 typedef struct _rtld_search_path_t {
106 	struct _rtld_search_path_t *sp_next;
107 	const char     *sp_path;
108 	size_t          sp_pathlen;
109 } Search_Path;
110 
111 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
112 	Elf_Word        hash;
113 	u_int           flags;
114 	const char     *name;
115 	const char     *file;
116 } Ver_Entry;
117 
118 /* Ver_Entry.flags */
119 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
120 
121 #define RTLD_MAX_ENTRY 10
122 #define RTLD_MAX_LIBRARY 4
123 #define RTLD_MAX_CTL 2
124 typedef struct _rtld_library_xform_t {
125 	struct _rtld_library_xform_t *next;
126 	char *name;
127 	const char *ctlname;
128 	struct {
129 		char *value;
130 		char *library[RTLD_MAX_LIBRARY];
131 	} entry[RTLD_MAX_ENTRY];
132 } Library_Xform;
133 
134 /*
135  * Shared object descriptor.
136  *
137  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
138  * when the structure is destroyed.
139  *
140  * The layout of this structure needs to be preserved because pre-2.0 binaries
141  * hard-coded the location of dlopen() and friends.
142  */
143 
144 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
145 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
146 
147 typedef void (*fptr_t)(void);
148 
149 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
150 	Elf32_Word      magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
151 	Elf32_Word      version;	/* Version number of struct format */
152 
153 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *next;
154 	char           *path;		/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
155 	int             refcount;
156 	int             dl_refcount;	/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
157 
158 	/* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
159 	caddr_t         mapbase;	/* Base address of mapped region */
160 	size_t          mapsize;	/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
161 	size_t          textsize;	/* Size of text segment in bytes */
162 	Elf_Addr        vaddrbase;	/* Base address in shared object file */
163 	caddr_t         relocbase;	/* Reloc const = mapbase - *vaddrbase */
164 	Elf_Dyn        *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
165 	caddr_t         entry;		/* Entry point */
166 	const Elf_Phdr *phdr;		/* Program header (may be xmalloc'ed) */
167 	size_t		phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
168 
169 	/* Items from the dynamic section. */
170 	Elf_Addr       *pltgot;		/* PLTGOT table */
171 	const Elf_Rel  *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
172 	const Elf_Rel  *rellim;		/* Limit of Relocation entries */
173 	const Elf_Rela *rela;		/* Relocation entries */
174 	const Elf_Rela *relalim;	/* Limit of Relocation entries */
175 	const Elf_Rel  *pltrel;		/* PLT relocation entries */
176 	const Elf_Rel  *pltrellim;	/* Limit of PLT relocation entries */
177 	const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries */
178 	const Elf_Rela *pltrelalim;	/* Limit of PLT relocation entries */
179 	const Elf_Sym  *symtab;		/* Symbol table */
180 	const char     *strtab;		/* String table */
181 	unsigned long   strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
182 #if defined(__mips__) || defined(__riscv__)
183 	Elf_Word        local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
184 	Elf_Word        symtabno;	/* Number of dynamic symbols */
185 	Elf_Word        gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
186 #endif
187 
188 	const Elf_Symindx *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
189 	unsigned long	unused1;	/* Used to be nbuckets */
190 	const Elf_Symindx *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
191 	unsigned long   nchains;	/* Number of chains */
192 
193 	Search_Path    *rpaths;		/* Search path specified in object */
194 	Needed_Entry   *needed;		/* Shared objects needed by this (%) */
195 
196 	Elf_Addr	init;		/* Initialization function to call */
197 	Elf_Addr	fini;		/* Termination function to call */
198 
199 	/*
200 	 * BACKWARDS COMPAT Entry points for dlopen() and friends.
201 	 *
202 	 * DO NOT MOVE OR ADD TO THE LIST
203 	 *
204 	 */
205 	void           *(*dlopen)(const char *, int);
206 	void           *(*dlsym)(void *, const char *);
207 	char           *(*dlerror)(void);
208 	int             (*dlclose)(void *);
209 	int             (*dladdr)(const void *, Dl_info *);
210 
211 	u_int32_t	mainprog:1,	/* True if this is the main program */
212 	        	rtld:1,		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
213 			textrel:1,	/* True if there are relocations to
214 					 * text seg */
215 			symbolic:1,	/* True if generated with
216 					 * "-Bsymbolic" */
217 			printed:1,	/* True if ldd has printed it */
218 			isdynamic:1,	/* True if this is a pure PIC object */
219 			mainref:1,	/* True if on _rtld_list_main */
220 			globalref:1,	/* True if on _rtld_list_global */
221 			init_done:1,	/* True if .init has been added */
222 			init_called:1,	/* True if .init function has been
223 					 * called */
224 			fini_called:1,	/* True if .fini function has been
225 					 * called */
226 			z_now:1,	/* True if object's symbols should be
227 					   bound immediately */
228 			z_nodelete:1,	/* True if object should never be
229 					   unloaded */
230 			z_initfirst:1,	/* True if object's .init/.fini take
231 					 * priority over others */
232 			z_noopen:1,	/* True if object should never be
233 					   dlopen'ed */
234 			phdr_loaded:1,	/* Phdr is loaded and doesn't need to
235 					 * be freed. */
236 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
237 			tls_done:1,	/* True if static TLS offset
238 					 * has been allocated */
239 #endif
240 			ref_nodel:1;	/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
241 
242 	struct link_map linkmap;	/* for GDB */
243 
244 	/* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
245 	const char     *interp;	/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
246 	Objlist         dldags;	/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
247 	Objlist         dagmembers;	/* DAG has these members (%) */
248 	dev_t           dev;		/* Object's filesystem's device */
249 	ino_t           ino;		/* Object's inode number */
250 
251 	void		*ehdr;
252 
253 	uint32_t        nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
254 	uint32_t        nbuckets_m;	/* Precomputed for fast remainder */
255 	uint8_t         nbuckets_s1;
256 	uint8_t         nbuckets_s2;
257 	size_t		pathlen;	/* Pathname length */
258 	SIMPLEQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names; /* List of names for this
259 						  * object we know about. */
260 
261 #ifdef __powerpc__
262 #ifdef _LP64
263 	Elf_Addr	glink;		/* global linkage */
264 #else
265 	Elf_Addr       *gotptr;		/* GOT table (secure-plt only) */
266 #endif
267 #endif
268 
269 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
270 	/* Thread Local Storage support for this module */
271 	size_t		tlsindex;	/* Index in DTV */
272 	void		*tlsinit;	/* Base address of TLS init block */
273 	size_t		tlsinitsize;	/* Size of TLS init block */
274 	size_t		tlssize;	/* Size of TLS block */
275 	size_t		tlsoffset;	/* Offset in the static TLS block */
276 	size_t		tlsalign;	/* Needed alignment for static TLS */
277 #endif
278 
279 	/* symbol versioning */
280 	const Elf_Verneed *verneed;	/* Required versions. */
281 	Elf_Word	verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
282 	const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
283 	Elf_Word	verdefnum;	/* Number of entries in verdef table */
284 	const Elf_Versym *versyms;	/* Symbol versions table */
285 
286 	Ver_Entry	*vertab;	/* Versions required/defined by this
287 					 * object */
288 	int		vertabnum;	/* Number of entries in vertab */
289 
290 	/* init_array/fini_array */
291 	Elf_Addr	*init_array;	/* start of init array */
292 	size_t		init_arraysz;	/* # of entries in it */
293 	Elf_Addr	*fini_array;	/* start of fini array */
294 	size_t		fini_arraysz;	/* # of entries in it */
295 #ifdef __ARM_EABI__
296 	void		*exidx_start;
297 	size_t		exidx_sz;
298 #endif
299 } Obj_Entry;
300 
301 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
302 	const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
303 	unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
304 	unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
305 } DoneList;
306 
307 
308 #if defined(_RTLD_SOURCE)
309 
310 extern struct r_debug _rtld_debug;
311 extern Search_Path *_rtld_default_paths;
312 extern Obj_Entry *_rtld_objlist;
313 extern Obj_Entry **_rtld_objtail;
314 extern u_int _rtld_objcount;
315 extern u_int _rtld_objloads;
316 extern Obj_Entry *_rtld_objmain;
317 extern Obj_Entry _rtld_objself;
318 extern Search_Path *_rtld_paths;
319 extern Library_Xform *_rtld_xforms;
320 extern bool _rtld_trust;
321 extern Objlist _rtld_list_global;
322 extern Objlist _rtld_list_main;
323 extern Elf_Sym _rtld_sym_zero;
324 
325 #define	RTLD_MODEMASK 0x3
326 
327 /* Flags to be passed into _rtld_symlook_ family of functions. */
328 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
329 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newest versioned symbol.
330 				   Used by dlsym. */
331 
332 /* Flags for _rtld_load_object() and friends. */
333 #define	_RTLD_GLOBAL	0x01	/* Add object to global DAG. */
334 #define	_RTLD_MAIN	0x02
335 #define	_RTLD_NOLOAD	0x04	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
336 #define	_RTLD_DLOPEN	0x08	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
337 
338 /* Preallocation for static TLS model */
339 #define	RTLD_STATIC_TLS_RESERVATION	64
340 
341 /* rtld.c */
342 
343 /* We export these symbols using _rtld_symbol_lookup and is_exported. */
344 __dso_public char *dlerror(void);
345 __dso_public void *dlopen(const char *, int);
346 __dso_public void *dlsym(void *, const char *);
347 __dso_public int dlclose(void *);
348 __dso_public int dladdr(const void *, Dl_info *);
349 __dso_public int dlinfo(void *, int, void *);
350 __dso_public int dl_iterate_phdr(int (*)(struct dl_phdr_info *, size_t, void *),
351     void *);
352 
353 __dso_public void *_dlauxinfo(void) __pure;
354 
355 #if defined(__ARM_EABI__) && !defined(__ARM_DWARF_EH__)
356 /*
357  * This is used by libgcc to find the start and length of the exception table
358  * associated with a PC.
359  */
360 __dso_public _Unwind_Ptr __gnu_Unwind_Find_exidx(_Unwind_Ptr, int *);
361 #endif
362 
363 /* These aren't exported */
364 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...) __printflike(1,2);
365 void _rtld_die(void) __dead;
366 void *_rtld_objmain_sym(const char *);
367 __dso_public void _rtld_debug_state(void) __noinline;
368 void _rtld_linkmap_add(Obj_Entry *);
369 void _rtld_linkmap_delete(Obj_Entry *);
370 void _rtld_objlist_push_head(Objlist *, Obj_Entry *);
371 void _rtld_objlist_push_tail(Objlist *, Obj_Entry *);
372 Objlist_Entry *_rtld_objlist_find(Objlist *, const Obj_Entry *);
373 void _rtld_ref_dag(Obj_Entry *);
374 
375 void _rtld_shared_enter(void);
376 void _rtld_shared_exit(void);
377 void _rtld_exclusive_enter(sigset_t *);
378 void _rtld_exclusive_exit(sigset_t *);
379 
380 /* expand.c */
381 size_t _rtld_expand_path(char *, size_t, const char *, const char *,\
382     const char *);
383 
384 /* headers.c */
385 void _rtld_digest_dynamic(const char *, Obj_Entry *);
386 Obj_Entry *_rtld_digest_phdr(const Elf_Phdr *, int, caddr_t);
387 
388 /* load.c */
389 Obj_Entry *_rtld_load_object(const char *, int);
390 int _rtld_load_needed_objects(Obj_Entry *, int);
391 int _rtld_preload(const char *);
392 
393 #define	OBJ_ERR	(Obj_Entry *)(-1)
394 /* path.c */
395 void _rtld_add_paths(const char *, Search_Path **, const char *);
396 void _rtld_process_hints(const char *, Search_Path **, Library_Xform **,
397     const char *);
398 int _rtld_sysctl(const char *, void *, size_t *);
399 
400 /* reloc.c */
401 int _rtld_do_copy_relocations(const Obj_Entry *);
402 int _rtld_relocate_objects(Obj_Entry *, bool);
403 int _rtld_relocate_nonplt_objects(Obj_Entry *);
404 int _rtld_relocate_plt_lazy(const Obj_Entry *);
405 int _rtld_relocate_plt_objects(const Obj_Entry *);
406 void _rtld_setup_pltgot(const Obj_Entry *);
407 Elf_Addr _rtld_resolve_ifunc(const Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Sym *);
408 
409 /* search.c */
410 Obj_Entry *_rtld_load_library(const char *, const Obj_Entry *, int);
411 
412 /* symbol.c */
413 unsigned long _rtld_elf_hash(const char *);
414 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_obj(const char *, unsigned long,
415     const Obj_Entry *, u_int, const Ver_Entry *);
416 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
417     const Obj_Entry **, u_int);
418 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_find_plt_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
419     const Obj_Entry **, bool);
420 
421 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_list(const char *, unsigned long,
422     const Objlist *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *, DoneList *);
423 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_default(const char *, unsigned long,
424     const Obj_Entry *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *);
425 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_needed(const char *, unsigned long,
426     const Needed_Entry *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *,
427     DoneList *, DoneList *);
428 #ifdef COMBRELOC
429 void _rtld_combreloc_reset(const Obj_Entry *);
430 #endif
431 
432 /* symver.c */
433 void _rtld_object_add_name(Obj_Entry *, const char *);
434 int _rtld_object_match_name(const Obj_Entry *, const char *);
435 int _rtld_verify_object_versions(Obj_Entry *);
436 
437 static __inline const Ver_Entry *
438 _rtld_fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long symnum)
439 {
440 	Elf_Half vernum;
441 
442 	if (obj->vertab) {
443 		vernum = VER_NDX(obj->versyms[symnum].vs_vers);
444 		if (vernum >= obj->vertabnum) {
445 			_rtld_error("%s: symbol %s has wrong verneed value %d",
446 			    obj->path, &obj->strtab[symnum], vernum);
447 		} else if (obj->vertab[vernum].hash) {
448 			return &obj->vertab[vernum];
449 		}
450 	}
451 	return NULL;
452 }
453 
454 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
455 /* tls.c */
456 void *_rtld_tls_get_addr(void *, size_t, size_t);
457 void _rtld_tls_initial_allocation(void);
458 void *_rtld_tls_module_allocate(size_t index);
459 int _rtld_tls_offset_allocate(Obj_Entry *);
460 void _rtld_tls_offset_free(Obj_Entry *);
461 
462 extern size_t _rtld_tls_dtv_generation;
463 extern size_t _rtld_tls_max_index;
464 
465 __dso_public extern void *__tls_get_addr(void *);
466 #ifdef __i386__
467 __dso_public extern void *___tls_get_addr(void *)
468     __attribute__((__regparm__(1)));
469 #endif
470 #endif
471 
472 /* map_object.c */
473 struct stat;
474 Obj_Entry *_rtld_map_object(const char *, int, const struct stat *);
475 #if defined(__minix)
476 Obj_Entry *_rtld_map_object_fallback(const char *, int, const struct stat *);
477 #endif /* defined(__minix) */
478 void _rtld_obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
479 Obj_Entry *_rtld_obj_new(void);
480 
481 #ifdef RTLD_LOADER
482 /* function descriptors */
483 #ifdef __HAVE_FUNCTION_DESCRIPTORS
484 Elf_Addr _rtld_function_descriptor_alloc(const Obj_Entry *,
485     const Elf_Sym *, Elf_Addr);
486 const void *_rtld_function_descriptor_function(const void *);
487 
488 void _rtld_call_function_void(const Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr);
489 Elf_Addr _rtld_call_function_addr(const Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr);
490 #else
491 static inline void
492 _rtld_call_function_void(const Obj_Entry *obj, Elf_Addr addr)
493 {
494 	((void (*)(void))addr)();
495 }
496 static inline Elf_Addr
497 _rtld_call_function_addr(const Obj_Entry *obj, Elf_Addr addr)
498 {
499 	return ((Elf_Addr(*)(void))addr)();
500 }
501 #endif /* __HAVE_FUNCTION_DESCRIPTORS */
502 #endif /* RTLD_LOADER */
503 
504 #endif /* _RTLD_SOURCE */
505 
506 #endif /* RTLD_H */
507