xref: /minix/minix/lib/liblwip/dist/src/core/ipv4/dhcp.c (revision ef8d499e)
1 /**
2  * @file
3  * Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol client
4  *
5  * @defgroup dhcp4 DHCPv4
6  * @ingroup ip4
7  * DHCP (IPv4) related functions
8  * This is a DHCP client for the lwIP TCP/IP stack. It aims to conform
9  * with RFC 2131 and RFC 2132.
10  *
11  * @todo:
12  * - Support for interfaces other than Ethernet (SLIP, PPP, ...)
13  *
14  * Options:
15  * @ref DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS (recommended 60 which is a minute)
16  * @ref DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS (recommended 500 which equals TCP coarse timer)
17  *
18  * dhcp_start() starts a DHCP client instance which
19  * configures the interface by obtaining an IP address lease and maintaining it.
20  *
21  * Use dhcp_release() to end the lease and use dhcp_stop()
22  * to remove the DHCP client.
23  *
24  * @see netifapi_dhcp4
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Leon Woestenberg <leon.woestenberg@gmx.net>
29  * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Axon Digital Design B.V., The Netherlands.
30  * All rights reserved.
31  *
32  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
33  * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
34  *
35  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
36  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
37  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
38  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
39  *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
40  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
41  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
42  *
43  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
44  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
45  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
46  * SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
47  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
48  * OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
49  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
50  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
51  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
52  * OF SUCH DAMAGE.
53  *
54  * This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.
55  * The Swedish Institute of Computer Science and Adam Dunkels
56  * are specifically granted permission to redistribute this
57  * source code.
58  *
59  * Author: Leon Woestenberg <leon.woestenberg@gmx.net>
60  *
61  */
62 
63 #include "lwip/opt.h"
64 
65 #if LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_DHCP /* don't build if not configured for use in lwipopts.h */
66 
67 #include "lwip/stats.h"
68 #include "lwip/mem.h"
69 #include "lwip/udp.h"
70 #include "lwip/ip_addr.h"
71 #include "lwip/netif.h"
72 #include "lwip/def.h"
73 #include "lwip/dhcp.h"
74 #include "lwip/autoip.h"
75 #include "lwip/dns.h"
76 #include "lwip/etharp.h"
77 #include "lwip/prot/dhcp.h"
78 
79 #include <string.h>
80 
81 /** DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID: if this is set to 1, the xid is created using
82  * LWIP_RAND() (this overrides DHCP_GLOBAL_XID)
83  */
84 #ifndef DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID
85 #define DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID        1
86 #endif
87 
88 /** Default for DHCP_GLOBAL_XID is 0xABCD0000
89  * This can be changed by defining DHCP_GLOBAL_XID and DHCP_GLOBAL_XID_HEADER, e.g.
90  *  \#define DHCP_GLOBAL_XID_HEADER "stdlib.h"
91  *  \#define DHCP_GLOBAL_XID rand()
92  */
93 #ifdef DHCP_GLOBAL_XID_HEADER
94 #include DHCP_GLOBAL_XID_HEADER /* include optional starting XID generation prototypes */
95 #endif
96 
97 /** DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE is set to the MTU
98  * MTU is checked to be big enough in dhcp_start */
99 #define DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif)        (netif->mtu)
100 #define DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN_MIN_REQUIRED  576
101 /** Minimum length for reply before packet is parsed */
102 #define DHCP_MIN_REPLY_LEN             44
103 
104 #define REBOOT_TRIES                2
105 
106 #if LWIP_DNS && LWIP_DHCP_MAX_DNS_SERVERS
107 #if DNS_MAX_SERVERS > LWIP_DHCP_MAX_DNS_SERVERS
108 #define LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS LWIP_DHCP_MAX_DNS_SERVERS
109 #else
110 #define LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS DNS_MAX_SERVERS
111 #endif
112 #else
113 #define LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS 0
114 #endif
115 
116 /** Option handling: options are parsed in dhcp_parse_reply
117  * and saved in an array where other functions can load them from.
118  * This might be moved into the struct dhcp (not necessarily since
119  * lwIP is single-threaded and the array is only used while in recv
120  * callback). */
121 enum dhcp_option_idx {
122   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_OVERLOAD = 0,
123   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE,
124   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SERVER_ID,
125   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_LEASE_TIME,
126   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T1,
127   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T2,
128   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SUBNET_MASK,
129   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_ROUTER,
130 #if LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS
131   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER,
132   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER_LAST = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER + LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS - 1,
133 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS */
134 #if LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
135   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER,
136   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER_LAST = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER + LWIP_DHCP_MAX_NTP_SERVERS - 1,
137 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV */
138   DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MAX
139 };
140 
141 /** Holds the decoded option values, only valid while in dhcp_recv.
142     @todo: move this into struct dhcp? */
143 u32_t dhcp_rx_options_val[DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MAX];
144 /** Holds a flag which option was received and is contained in dhcp_rx_options_val,
145     only valid while in dhcp_recv.
146     @todo: move this into struct dhcp? */
147 u8_t  dhcp_rx_options_given[DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MAX];
148 
149 static u8_t dhcp_discover_request_options[] = {
150   DHCP_OPTION_SUBNET_MASK,
151   DHCP_OPTION_ROUTER,
152   DHCP_OPTION_BROADCAST
153 #if LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS
154   , DHCP_OPTION_DNS_SERVER
155 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS */
156 #if LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
157   , DHCP_OPTION_NTP
158 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV */
159   };
160 
161 #ifdef DHCP_GLOBAL_XID
162 static u32_t xid;
163 static u8_t xid_initialised;
164 #endif /* DHCP_GLOBAL_XID */
165 
166 #define dhcp_option_given(dhcp, idx)          (dhcp_rx_options_given[idx] != 0)
167 #define dhcp_got_option(dhcp, idx)            (dhcp_rx_options_given[idx] = 1)
168 #define dhcp_clear_option(dhcp, idx)          (dhcp_rx_options_given[idx] = 0)
169 #define dhcp_clear_all_options(dhcp)          (memset(dhcp_rx_options_given, 0, sizeof(dhcp_rx_options_given)))
170 #define dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, idx)      (dhcp_rx_options_val[idx])
171 #define dhcp_set_option_value(dhcp, idx, val) (dhcp_rx_options_val[idx] = (val))
172 
173 static struct udp_pcb *dhcp_pcb;
174 static u8_t dhcp_pcb_refcount;
175 
176 /* DHCP client state machine functions */
177 static err_t dhcp_discover(struct netif *netif);
178 static err_t dhcp_select(struct netif *netif);
179 static void dhcp_bind(struct netif *netif);
180 #if DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK
181 static err_t dhcp_decline(struct netif *netif);
182 #endif /* DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK */
183 static err_t dhcp_rebind(struct netif *netif);
184 static err_t dhcp_reboot(struct netif *netif);
185 static void dhcp_set_state(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t new_state);
186 
187 /* receive, unfold, parse and free incoming messages */
188 static void dhcp_recv(void *arg, struct udp_pcb *pcb, struct pbuf *p, const ip_addr_t *addr, u16_t port);
189 
190 /* set the DHCP timers */
191 static void dhcp_timeout(struct netif *netif);
192 static void dhcp_t1_timeout(struct netif *netif);
193 static void dhcp_t2_timeout(struct netif *netif);
194 
195 /* build outgoing messages */
196 /* create a DHCP message, fill in common headers */
197 static err_t dhcp_create_msg(struct netif *netif, struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t message_type);
198 /* free a DHCP request */
199 static void dhcp_delete_msg(struct dhcp *dhcp);
200 /* add a DHCP option (type, then length in bytes) */
201 static void dhcp_option(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t option_type, u8_t option_len);
202 /* add option values */
203 static void dhcp_option_byte(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t value);
204 static void dhcp_option_short(struct dhcp *dhcp, u16_t value);
205 static void dhcp_option_long(struct dhcp *dhcp, u32_t value);
206 #if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
207 static void dhcp_option_hostname(struct dhcp *dhcp, struct netif *netif);
208 #endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
209 /* always add the DHCP options trailer to end and pad */
210 static void dhcp_option_trailer(struct dhcp *dhcp);
211 
212 /** Ensure DHCP PCB is allocated and bound */
213 static err_t
214 dhcp_inc_pcb_refcount(void)
215 {
216   if (dhcp_pcb_refcount == 0) {
217     LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_inc_pcb_refcount(): memory leak", dhcp_pcb == NULL);
218 
219     /* allocate UDP PCB */
220     dhcp_pcb = udp_new();
221 
222     if (dhcp_pcb == NULL) {
223       return ERR_MEM;
224     }
225 
226     ip_set_option(dhcp_pcb, SOF_BROADCAST);
227 
228     /* set up local and remote port for the pcb -> listen on all interfaces on all src/dest IPs */
229     udp_bind(dhcp_pcb, IP4_ADDR_ANY, DHCP_CLIENT_PORT);
230     udp_connect(dhcp_pcb, IP4_ADDR_ANY, DHCP_SERVER_PORT);
231     udp_recv(dhcp_pcb, dhcp_recv, NULL);
232   }
233 
234   dhcp_pcb_refcount++;
235 
236   return ERR_OK;
237 }
238 
239 /** Free DHCP PCB if the last netif stops using it */
240 static void
241 dhcp_dec_pcb_refcount(void)
242 {
243   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_pcb_refcount(): refcount error", (dhcp_pcb_refcount > 0));
244   dhcp_pcb_refcount--;
245 
246   if (dhcp_pcb_refcount == 0) {
247     udp_remove(dhcp_pcb);
248     dhcp_pcb = NULL;
249   }
250 }
251 
252 /**
253  * Back-off the DHCP client (because of a received NAK response).
254  *
255  * Back-off the DHCP client because of a received NAK. Receiving a
256  * NAK means the client asked for something non-sensible, for
257  * example when it tries to renew a lease obtained on another network.
258  *
259  * We clear any existing set IP address and restart DHCP negotiation
260  * afresh (as per RFC2131 3.2.3).
261  *
262  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
263  */
264 static void
265 dhcp_handle_nak(struct netif *netif)
266 {
267   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
268 
269   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_handle_nak(netif=%p) %c%c%"U16_F"\n",
270     (void*)netif, netif->name[0], netif->name[1], (u16_t)netif->num));
271   /* Change to a defined state - set this before assigning the address
272      to ensure the callback can use dhcp_supplied_address() */
273   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_BACKING_OFF);
274   /* remove IP address from interface (must no longer be used, as per RFC2131) */
275   netif_set_addr(netif, IP4_ADDR_ANY4, IP4_ADDR_ANY4, IP4_ADDR_ANY4);
276   /* We can immediately restart discovery */
277   dhcp_discover(netif);
278 }
279 
280 #if DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK
281 /**
282  * Checks if the offered IP address is already in use.
283  *
284  * It does so by sending an ARP request for the offered address and
285  * entering CHECKING state. If no ARP reply is received within a small
286  * interval, the address is assumed to be free for use by us.
287  *
288  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
289  */
290 static void
291 dhcp_check(struct netif *netif)
292 {
293   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
294   err_t result;
295   u16_t msecs;
296   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_check(netif=%p) %c%c\n", (void *)netif, (s16_t)netif->name[0],
297     (s16_t)netif->name[1]));
298   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_CHECKING);
299   /* create an ARP query for the offered IP address, expecting that no host
300      responds, as the IP address should not be in use. */
301   result = etharp_query(netif, &dhcp->offered_ip_addr, NULL);
302   if (result != ERR_OK) {
303     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("dhcp_check: could not perform ARP query\n"));
304   }
305   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
306     dhcp->tries++;
307   }
308   msecs = 500;
309   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
310   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_check(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
311 }
312 #endif /* DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK */
313 
314 /**
315  * Remember the configuration offered by a DHCP server.
316  *
317  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
318  */
319 static void
320 dhcp_handle_offer(struct netif *netif)
321 {
322   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
323 
324   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_handle_offer(netif=%p) %c%c%"U16_F"\n",
325     (void*)netif, netif->name[0], netif->name[1], (u16_t)netif->num));
326   /* obtain the server address */
327   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SERVER_ID)) {
328     ip_addr_set_ip4_u32(&dhcp->server_ip_addr, lwip_htonl(dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SERVER_ID)));
329     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_handle_offer(): server 0x%08"X32_F"\n",
330       ip4_addr_get_u32(ip_2_ip4(&dhcp->server_ip_addr))));
331     /* remember offered address */
332     ip4_addr_copy(dhcp->offered_ip_addr, dhcp->msg_in->yiaddr);
333     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_handle_offer(): offer for 0x%08"X32_F"\n",
334       ip4_addr_get_u32(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr)));
335 
336     dhcp_select(netif);
337   } else {
338     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
339       ("dhcp_handle_offer(netif=%p) did not get server ID!\n", (void*)netif));
340   }
341 }
342 
343 /**
344  * Select a DHCP server offer out of all offers.
345  *
346  * Simply select the first offer received.
347  *
348  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
349  * @return lwIP specific error (see error.h)
350  */
351 static err_t
352 dhcp_select(struct netif *netif)
353 {
354   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
355   err_t result;
356   u16_t msecs;
357   u8_t i;
358 
359   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_select(netif=%p) %c%c%"U16_F"\n", (void*)netif, netif->name[0], netif->name[1], (u16_t)netif->num));
360   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING);
361 
362   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
363   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_REQUEST);
364   if (result == ERR_OK) {
365     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
366     dhcp_option_short(dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif));
367 
368     /* MUST request the offered IP address */
369     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_REQUESTED_IP, 4);
370     dhcp_option_long(dhcp, lwip_ntohl(ip4_addr_get_u32(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr)));
371 
372     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_SERVER_ID, 4);
373     dhcp_option_long(dhcp, lwip_ntohl(ip4_addr_get_u32(ip_2_ip4(&dhcp->server_ip_addr))));
374 
375     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST, LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options));
376     for (i = 0; i < LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options); i++) {
377       dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, dhcp_discover_request_options[i]);
378     }
379 
380 #if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
381     dhcp_option_hostname(dhcp, netif);
382 #endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
383 
384     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
385     /* shrink the pbuf to the actual content length */
386     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
387 
388     /* send broadcast to any DHCP server */
389     udp_sendto_if_src(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif, IP4_ADDR_ANY);
390     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
391     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_select: REQUESTING\n"));
392   } else {
393     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("dhcp_select: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
394   }
395   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
396     dhcp->tries++;
397   }
398   msecs = (dhcp->tries < 6 ? 1 << dhcp->tries : 60) * 1000;
399   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
400   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_select(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
401   return result;
402 }
403 
404 /**
405  * The DHCP timer that checks for lease renewal/rebind timeouts.
406  * Must be called once a minute (see @ref DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS).
407  */
408 void
409 dhcp_coarse_tmr(void)
410 {
411   struct netif *netif;
412   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_coarse_tmr()\n"));
413   /* iterate through all network interfaces */
414   NETIF_FOREACH(netif) {
415     /* only act on DHCP configured interfaces */
416     struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
417     if ((dhcp != NULL) && (dhcp->state != DHCP_STATE_OFF)) {
418       /* compare lease time to expire timeout */
419       if (dhcp->t0_timeout && (++dhcp->lease_used == dhcp->t0_timeout)) {
420         LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_coarse_tmr(): t0 timeout\n"));
421         /* this clients' lease time has expired */
422         dhcp_release(netif);
423         dhcp_discover(netif);
424       /* timer is active (non zero), and triggers (zeroes) now? */
425       } else if (dhcp->t2_rebind_time && (dhcp->t2_rebind_time-- == 1)) {
426         LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_coarse_tmr(): t2 timeout\n"));
427         /* this clients' rebind timeout triggered */
428         dhcp_t2_timeout(netif);
429       /* timer is active (non zero), and triggers (zeroes) now */
430       } else if (dhcp->t1_renew_time && (dhcp->t1_renew_time-- == 1)) {
431         LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_coarse_tmr(): t1 timeout\n"));
432         /* this clients' renewal timeout triggered */
433         dhcp_t1_timeout(netif);
434       }
435     }
436   }
437 }
438 
439 /**
440  * DHCP transaction timeout handling (this function must be called every 500ms,
441  * see @ref DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS).
442  *
443  * A DHCP server is expected to respond within a short period of time.
444  * This timer checks whether an outstanding DHCP request is timed out.
445  */
446 void
447 dhcp_fine_tmr(void)
448 {
449   struct netif *netif;
450   /* loop through netif's */
451   NETIF_FOREACH(netif) {
452     struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
453     /* only act on DHCP configured interfaces */
454     if (dhcp != NULL) {
455       /* timer is active (non zero), and is about to trigger now */
456       if (dhcp->request_timeout > 1) {
457         dhcp->request_timeout--;
458       }
459       else if (dhcp->request_timeout == 1) {
460         dhcp->request_timeout--;
461         /* { netif->dhcp->request_timeout == 0 } */
462         LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_fine_tmr(): request timeout\n"));
463         /* this client's request timeout triggered */
464         dhcp_timeout(netif);
465       }
466     }
467   }
468 }
469 
470 /**
471  * A DHCP negotiation transaction, or ARP request, has timed out.
472  *
473  * The timer that was started with the DHCP or ARP request has
474  * timed out, indicating no response was received in time.
475  *
476  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
477  */
478 static void
479 dhcp_timeout(struct netif *netif)
480 {
481   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
482 
483   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_timeout()\n"));
484   /* back-off period has passed, or server selection timed out */
485   if ((dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_BACKING_OFF) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_SELECTING)) {
486     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_timeout(): restarting discovery\n"));
487     dhcp_discover(netif);
488   /* receiving the requested lease timed out */
489   } else if (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING) {
490     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_timeout(): REQUESTING, DHCP request timed out\n"));
491     if (dhcp->tries <= 5) {
492       dhcp_select(netif);
493     } else {
494       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_timeout(): REQUESTING, releasing, restarting\n"));
495       dhcp_release(netif);
496       dhcp_discover(netif);
497     }
498 #if DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK
499   /* received no ARP reply for the offered address (which is good) */
500   } else if (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_CHECKING) {
501     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_timeout(): CHECKING, ARP request timed out\n"));
502     if (dhcp->tries <= 1) {
503       dhcp_check(netif);
504     /* no ARP replies on the offered address,
505        looks like the IP address is indeed free */
506     } else {
507       /* bind the interface to the offered address */
508       dhcp_bind(netif);
509     }
510 #endif /* DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK */
511   } else if (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBOOTING) {
512     if (dhcp->tries < REBOOT_TRIES) {
513       dhcp_reboot(netif);
514     } else {
515       dhcp_discover(netif);
516     }
517   }
518 }
519 
520 /**
521  * The renewal period has timed out.
522  *
523  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
524  */
525 static void
526 dhcp_t1_timeout(struct netif *netif)
527 {
528   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
529 
530   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_t1_timeout()\n"));
531   if ((dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_BOUND) ||
532       (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_RENEWING)) {
533     /* just retry to renew - note that the rebind timer (t2) will
534      * eventually time-out if renew tries fail. */
535     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE,
536                 ("dhcp_t1_timeout(): must renew\n"));
537     /* This slightly different to RFC2131: DHCPREQUEST will be sent from state
538        DHCP_STATE_RENEWING, not DHCP_STATE_BOUND */
539     dhcp_renew(netif);
540     /* Calculate next timeout */
541     if (((dhcp->t2_timeout - dhcp->lease_used) / 2) >= ((60 + DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS / 2) / DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS))
542     {
543        dhcp->t1_renew_time = ((dhcp->t2_timeout - dhcp->lease_used) / 2);
544     }
545   }
546 }
547 
548 /**
549  * The rebind period has timed out.
550  *
551  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
552  */
553 static void
554 dhcp_t2_timeout(struct netif *netif)
555 {
556   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
557 
558   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_t2_timeout()\n"));
559   if ((dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_BOUND) ||
560       (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_RENEWING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBINDING)) {
561     /* just retry to rebind */
562     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE,
563                 ("dhcp_t2_timeout(): must rebind\n"));
564     /* This slightly different to RFC2131: DHCPREQUEST will be sent from state
565        DHCP_STATE_REBINDING, not DHCP_STATE_BOUND */
566     dhcp_rebind(netif);
567     /* Calculate next timeout */
568     if (((dhcp->t0_timeout - dhcp->lease_used) / 2) >= ((60 + DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS / 2) / DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS))
569     {
570        dhcp->t2_rebind_time = ((dhcp->t0_timeout - dhcp->lease_used) / 2);
571     }
572   }
573 }
574 
575 /**
576  * Handle a DHCP ACK packet
577  *
578  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
579  */
580 static void
581 dhcp_handle_ack(struct netif *netif)
582 {
583   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
584 
585 #if LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS || LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
586   u8_t n;
587 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS || LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV */
588 #if LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
589   ip4_addr_t ntp_server_addrs[LWIP_DHCP_MAX_NTP_SERVERS];
590 #endif
591 
592   /* clear options we might not get from the ACK */
593   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_sn_mask);
594   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_gw_addr);
595 #if LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE
596   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_si_addr);
597 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE */
598 
599   /* lease time given? */
600   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_LEASE_TIME)) {
601     /* remember offered lease time */
602     dhcp->offered_t0_lease = dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_LEASE_TIME);
603   }
604   /* renewal period given? */
605   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T1)) {
606     /* remember given renewal period */
607     dhcp->offered_t1_renew = dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T1);
608   } else {
609     /* calculate safe periods for renewal */
610     dhcp->offered_t1_renew = dhcp->offered_t0_lease / 2;
611   }
612 
613   /* renewal period given? */
614   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T2)) {
615     /* remember given rebind period */
616     dhcp->offered_t2_rebind = dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T2);
617   } else {
618     /* calculate safe periods for rebinding (offered_t0_lease * 0.875 -> 87.5%)*/
619     dhcp->offered_t2_rebind = (dhcp->offered_t0_lease * 7U) / 8U;
620   }
621 
622   /* (y)our internet address */
623   ip4_addr_copy(dhcp->offered_ip_addr, dhcp->msg_in->yiaddr);
624 
625 #if LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE
626   /* copy boot server address,
627      boot file name copied in dhcp_parse_reply if not overloaded */
628   ip4_addr_copy(dhcp->offered_si_addr, dhcp->msg_in->siaddr);
629 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE */
630 
631   /* subnet mask given? */
632   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SUBNET_MASK)) {
633     /* remember given subnet mask */
634     ip4_addr_set_u32(&dhcp->offered_sn_mask, lwip_htonl(dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SUBNET_MASK)));
635     dhcp->subnet_mask_given = 1;
636   } else {
637     dhcp->subnet_mask_given = 0;
638   }
639 
640   /* gateway router */
641   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_ROUTER)) {
642     ip4_addr_set_u32(&dhcp->offered_gw_addr, lwip_htonl(dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_ROUTER)));
643   }
644 
645 #if LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
646   /* NTP servers */
647   for (n = 0; (n < LWIP_DHCP_MAX_NTP_SERVERS) && dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER + n); n++) {
648     ip4_addr_set_u32(&ntp_server_addrs[n], lwip_htonl(dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER + n)));
649   }
650   dhcp_set_ntp_servers(n, ntp_server_addrs);
651 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV */
652 
653 #if LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS
654   /* DNS servers */
655   for (n = 0; (n < LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS) && dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER + n); n++) {
656     ip_addr_t dns_addr;
657     ip_addr_set_ip4_u32(&dns_addr, lwip_htonl(dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER + n)));
658     dns_setserver(n, &dns_addr);
659   }
660 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS */
661 }
662 
663 /**
664  * @ingroup dhcp4
665  * Set a statically allocated struct dhcp to work with.
666  * Using this prevents dhcp_start to allocate it using mem_malloc.
667  *
668  * @param netif the netif for which to set the struct dhcp
669  * @param dhcp (uninitialised) dhcp struct allocated by the application
670  */
671 void
672 dhcp_set_struct(struct netif *netif, struct dhcp *dhcp)
673 {
674   LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", netif != NULL);
675   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp != NULL", dhcp != NULL);
676   LWIP_ASSERT("netif already has a struct dhcp set", netif_dhcp_data(netif) == NULL);
677 
678   /* clear data structure */
679   memset(dhcp, 0, sizeof(struct dhcp));
680   /* dhcp_set_state(&dhcp, DHCP_STATE_OFF); */
681   netif_set_client_data(netif, LWIP_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA_INDEX_DHCP, dhcp);
682 }
683 
684 /**
685  * @ingroup dhcp4
686  * Removes a struct dhcp from a netif.
687  *
688  * ATTENTION: Only use this when not using dhcp_set_struct() to allocate the
689  *            struct dhcp since the memory is passed back to the heap.
690  *
691  * @param netif the netif from which to remove the struct dhcp
692  */
693 void dhcp_cleanup(struct netif *netif)
694 {
695   LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", netif != NULL);
696 
697   if (netif_dhcp_data(netif) != NULL) {
698     mem_free(netif_dhcp_data(netif));
699     netif_set_client_data(netif, LWIP_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA_INDEX_DHCP, NULL);
700   }
701 }
702 
703 /**
704  * @ingroup dhcp4
705  * Start DHCP negotiation for a network interface.
706  *
707  * If no DHCP client instance was attached to this interface,
708  * a new client is created first. If a DHCP client instance
709  * was already present, it restarts negotiation.
710  *
711  * @param netif The lwIP network interface
712  * @return lwIP error code
713  * - ERR_OK - No error
714  * - ERR_MEM - Out of memory
715  */
716 err_t
717 dhcp_start(struct netif *netif)
718 {
719   struct dhcp *dhcp;
720   err_t result;
721 
722   LWIP_ERROR("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return ERR_ARG;);
723   LWIP_ERROR("netif is not up, old style port?", netif_is_up(netif), return ERR_ARG;);
724   dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
725   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_start(netif=%p) %c%c%"U16_F"\n", (void*)netif, netif->name[0], netif->name[1], (u16_t)netif->num));
726 
727   /* check MTU of the netif */
728   if (netif->mtu < DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN_MIN_REQUIRED) {
729     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_start(): Cannot use this netif with DHCP: MTU is too small\n"));
730     return ERR_MEM;
731   }
732 
733   /* no DHCP client attached yet? */
734   if (dhcp == NULL) {
735     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_start(): starting new DHCP client\n"));
736     dhcp = (struct dhcp *)mem_malloc(sizeof(struct dhcp));
737     if (dhcp == NULL) {
738       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_start(): could not allocate dhcp\n"));
739       return ERR_MEM;
740     }
741 
742     /* store this dhcp client in the netif */
743     netif_set_client_data(netif, LWIP_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA_INDEX_DHCP, dhcp);
744     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_start(): allocated dhcp"));
745   /* already has DHCP client attached */
746   } else {
747     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_start(): restarting DHCP configuration\n"));
748     LWIP_ASSERT("pbuf p_out wasn't freed", dhcp->p_out == NULL);
749     LWIP_ASSERT("reply wasn't freed", dhcp->msg_in == NULL );
750 
751     if (dhcp->pcb_allocated != 0) {
752       dhcp_dec_pcb_refcount(); /* free DHCP PCB if not needed any more */
753     }
754     /* dhcp is cleared below, no need to reset flag*/
755   }
756 
757   /* clear data structure */
758   memset(dhcp, 0, sizeof(struct dhcp));
759   /* dhcp_set_state(&dhcp, DHCP_STATE_OFF); */
760 
761   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_start(): starting DHCP configuration\n"));
762 
763   if (dhcp_inc_pcb_refcount() != ERR_OK) { /* ensure DHCP PCB is allocated */
764     return ERR_MEM;
765   }
766   dhcp->pcb_allocated = 1;
767 
768 #if LWIP_DHCP_CHECK_LINK_UP
769   if (!netif_is_link_up(netif)) {
770     /* set state INIT and wait for dhcp_network_changed() to call dhcp_discover() */
771     dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_INIT);
772     return ERR_OK;
773   }
774 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_CHECK_LINK_UP */
775 
776 
777   /* (re)start the DHCP negotiation */
778   result = dhcp_discover(netif);
779   if (result != ERR_OK) {
780     /* free resources allocated above */
781     dhcp_stop(netif);
782     return ERR_MEM;
783   }
784   return result;
785 }
786 
787 /**
788  * @ingroup dhcp4
789  * Inform a DHCP server of our manual configuration.
790  *
791  * This informs DHCP servers of our fixed IP address configuration
792  * by sending an INFORM message. It does not involve DHCP address
793  * configuration, it is just here to be nice to the network.
794  *
795  * @param netif The lwIP network interface
796  */
797 void
798 dhcp_inform(struct netif *netif)
799 {
800   struct dhcp dhcp;
801   err_t result = ERR_OK;
802 
803   LWIP_ERROR("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return;);
804 
805   if (dhcp_inc_pcb_refcount() != ERR_OK) { /* ensure DHCP PCB is allocated */
806     return;
807   }
808 
809   memset(&dhcp, 0, sizeof(struct dhcp));
810   dhcp_set_state(&dhcp, DHCP_STATE_INFORMING);
811 
812   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
813   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, &dhcp, DHCP_INFORM);
814   if (result == ERR_OK) {
815     dhcp_option(&dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
816     dhcp_option_short(&dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif));
817 
818     dhcp_option_trailer(&dhcp);
819 
820     pbuf_realloc(dhcp.p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp.options_out_len);
821 
822     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_inform: INFORMING\n"));
823 
824     udp_sendto_if(dhcp_pcb, dhcp.p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif);
825 
826     dhcp_delete_msg(&dhcp);
827   } else {
828     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_inform: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
829   }
830 
831   dhcp_dec_pcb_refcount(); /* delete DHCP PCB if not needed any more */
832 }
833 
834 /** Handle a possible change in the network configuration.
835  *
836  * This enters the REBOOTING state to verify that the currently bound
837  * address is still valid.
838  */
839 void
840 dhcp_network_changed(struct netif *netif)
841 {
842   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
843 
844   if (!dhcp) {
845     return;
846   }
847   switch (dhcp->state) {
848   case DHCP_STATE_REBINDING:
849   case DHCP_STATE_RENEWING:
850   case DHCP_STATE_BOUND:
851   case DHCP_STATE_REBOOTING:
852     dhcp->tries = 0;
853     dhcp_reboot(netif);
854     break;
855   case DHCP_STATE_OFF:
856     /* stay off */
857     break;
858   default:
859     LWIP_ASSERT("invalid dhcp->state", dhcp->state <= DHCP_STATE_BACKING_OFF);
860     /* INIT/REQUESTING/CHECKING/BACKING_OFF restart with new 'rid' because the
861        state changes, SELECTING: continue with current 'rid' as we stay in the
862        same state */
863 #if LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP
864     if (dhcp->autoip_coop_state == DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_ON) {
865       autoip_stop(netif);
866       dhcp->autoip_coop_state = DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_OFF;
867     }
868 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP */
869     /* ensure we start with short timeouts, even if already discovering */
870     dhcp->tries = 0;
871     dhcp_discover(netif);
872     break;
873   }
874 }
875 
876 #if DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK
877 /**
878  * Match an ARP reply with the offered IP address:
879  * check whether the offered IP address is not in use using ARP
880  *
881  * @param netif the network interface on which the reply was received
882  * @param addr The IP address we received a reply from
883  */
884 void
885 dhcp_arp_reply(struct netif *netif, const ip4_addr_t *addr)
886 {
887   struct dhcp *dhcp;
888 
889   LWIP_ERROR("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return;);
890   dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
891   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_arp_reply()\n"));
892   /* is a DHCP client doing an ARP check? */
893   if ((dhcp != NULL) && (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_CHECKING)) {
894     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_arp_reply(): CHECKING, arp reply for 0x%08"X32_F"\n",
895       ip4_addr_get_u32(addr)));
896     /* did a host respond with the address we
897        were offered by the DHCP server? */
898     if (ip4_addr_cmp(addr, &dhcp->offered_ip_addr)) {
899       /* we will not accept the offered address */
900       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING,
901         ("dhcp_arp_reply(): arp reply matched with offered address, declining\n"));
902       dhcp_decline(netif);
903     }
904   }
905 }
906 
907 /**
908  * Decline an offered lease.
909  *
910  * Tell the DHCP server we do not accept the offered address.
911  * One reason to decline the lease is when we find out the address
912  * is already in use by another host (through ARP).
913  *
914  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
915  */
916 static err_t
917 dhcp_decline(struct netif *netif)
918 {
919   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
920   err_t result = ERR_OK;
921   u16_t msecs;
922   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_decline()\n"));
923   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_BACKING_OFF);
924   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
925   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_DECLINE);
926   if (result == ERR_OK) {
927     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_REQUESTED_IP, 4);
928     dhcp_option_long(dhcp, lwip_ntohl(ip4_addr_get_u32(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr)));
929 
930     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
931     /* resize pbuf to reflect true size of options */
932     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
933 
934     /* per section 4.4.4, broadcast DECLINE messages */
935     udp_sendto_if_src(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif, IP4_ADDR_ANY);
936     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
937     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_decline: BACKING OFF\n"));
938   } else {
939     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
940       ("dhcp_decline: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
941   }
942   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
943     dhcp->tries++;
944   }
945   msecs = 10*1000;
946   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
947   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_decline(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
948   return result;
949 }
950 #endif /* DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK */
951 
952 
953 /**
954  * Start the DHCP process, discover a DHCP server.
955  *
956  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
957  */
958 static err_t
959 dhcp_discover(struct netif *netif)
960 {
961   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
962   err_t result = ERR_OK;
963   u16_t msecs;
964   u8_t i;
965   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_discover()\n"));
966   ip4_addr_set_any(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr);
967   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_SELECTING);
968   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
969   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_DISCOVER);
970   if (result == ERR_OK) {
971     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_discover: making request\n"));
972 
973     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
974     dhcp_option_short(dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif));
975 
976     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST, LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options));
977     for (i = 0; i < LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options); i++) {
978       dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, dhcp_discover_request_options[i]);
979     }
980     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
981 
982     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_discover: realloc()ing\n"));
983     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
984 
985     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_discover: sendto(DISCOVER, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT)\n"));
986     udp_sendto_if_src(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif, IP4_ADDR_ANY);
987     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_discover: deleting()ing\n"));
988     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
989     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_discover: SELECTING\n"));
990   } else {
991     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_discover: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
992   }
993   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
994     dhcp->tries++;
995   }
996 #if LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP
997   if (dhcp->tries >= LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_TRIES && dhcp->autoip_coop_state == DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_OFF) {
998     dhcp->autoip_coop_state = DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_ON;
999     autoip_start(netif);
1000   }
1001 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP */
1002   msecs = (dhcp->tries < 6 ? 1 << dhcp->tries : 60) * 1000;
1003   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
1004   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_discover(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
1005   return result;
1006 }
1007 
1008 
1009 /**
1010  * Bind the interface to the offered IP address.
1011  *
1012  * @param netif network interface to bind to the offered address
1013  */
1014 static void
1015 dhcp_bind(struct netif *netif)
1016 {
1017   u32_t timeout;
1018   struct dhcp *dhcp;
1019   ip4_addr_t sn_mask, gw_addr;
1020   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_bind: netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return;);
1021   dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1022   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_bind: dhcp != NULL", (dhcp != NULL), return;);
1023   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_bind(netif=%p) %c%c%"U16_F"\n", (void*)netif, netif->name[0], netif->name[1], (u16_t)netif->num));
1024 
1025   /* reset time used of lease */
1026   dhcp->lease_used = 0;
1027 
1028   if (dhcp->offered_t0_lease != 0xffffffffUL) {
1029      /* set renewal period timer */
1030      LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_bind(): t0 renewal timer %"U32_F" secs\n", dhcp->offered_t0_lease));
1031      timeout = (dhcp->offered_t0_lease + DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS / 2) / DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS;
1032      if (timeout > 0xffff) {
1033        timeout = 0xffff;
1034      }
1035      dhcp->t0_timeout = (u16_t)timeout;
1036      if (dhcp->t0_timeout == 0) {
1037        dhcp->t0_timeout = 1;
1038      }
1039      LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_bind(): set request timeout %"U32_F" msecs\n", dhcp->offered_t0_lease*1000));
1040   }
1041 
1042   /* temporary DHCP lease? */
1043   if (dhcp->offered_t1_renew != 0xffffffffUL) {
1044     /* set renewal period timer */
1045     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_bind(): t1 renewal timer %"U32_F" secs\n", dhcp->offered_t1_renew));
1046     timeout = (dhcp->offered_t1_renew + DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS / 2) / DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS;
1047     if (timeout > 0xffff) {
1048       timeout = 0xffff;
1049     }
1050     dhcp->t1_timeout = (u16_t)timeout;
1051     if (dhcp->t1_timeout == 0) {
1052       dhcp->t1_timeout = 1;
1053     }
1054     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_bind(): set request timeout %"U32_F" msecs\n", dhcp->offered_t1_renew*1000));
1055     dhcp->t1_renew_time = dhcp->t1_timeout;
1056   }
1057   /* set renewal period timer */
1058   if (dhcp->offered_t2_rebind != 0xffffffffUL) {
1059     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_bind(): t2 rebind timer %"U32_F" secs\n", dhcp->offered_t2_rebind));
1060     timeout = (dhcp->offered_t2_rebind + DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS / 2) / DHCP_COARSE_TIMER_SECS;
1061     if (timeout > 0xffff) {
1062       timeout = 0xffff;
1063     }
1064     dhcp->t2_timeout = (u16_t)timeout;
1065     if (dhcp->t2_timeout == 0) {
1066       dhcp->t2_timeout = 1;
1067     }
1068     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_bind(): set request timeout %"U32_F" msecs\n", dhcp->offered_t2_rebind*1000));
1069     dhcp->t2_rebind_time = dhcp->t2_timeout;
1070   }
1071 
1072   /* If we have sub 1 minute lease, t2 and t1 will kick in at the same time. */
1073   if ((dhcp->t1_timeout >= dhcp->t2_timeout) && (dhcp->t2_timeout > 0)) {
1074     dhcp->t1_timeout = 0;
1075   }
1076 
1077   if (dhcp->subnet_mask_given) {
1078     /* copy offered network mask */
1079     ip4_addr_copy(sn_mask, dhcp->offered_sn_mask);
1080   } else {
1081     /* subnet mask not given, choose a safe subnet mask given the network class */
1082     u8_t first_octet = ip4_addr1(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr);
1083     if (first_octet <= 127) {
1084       ip4_addr_set_u32(&sn_mask, PP_HTONL(0xff000000UL));
1085     } else if (first_octet >= 192) {
1086       ip4_addr_set_u32(&sn_mask, PP_HTONL(0xffffff00UL));
1087     } else {
1088       ip4_addr_set_u32(&sn_mask, PP_HTONL(0xffff0000UL));
1089     }
1090   }
1091 
1092   ip4_addr_copy(gw_addr, dhcp->offered_gw_addr);
1093   /* gateway address not given? */
1094   if (ip4_addr_isany_val(gw_addr)) {
1095     /* copy network address */
1096     ip4_addr_get_network(&gw_addr, &dhcp->offered_ip_addr, &sn_mask);
1097     /* use first host address on network as gateway */
1098     ip4_addr_set_u32(&gw_addr, ip4_addr_get_u32(&gw_addr) | PP_HTONL(0x00000001UL));
1099   }
1100 
1101 #if LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP
1102   if (dhcp->autoip_coop_state == DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_ON) {
1103     autoip_stop(netif);
1104     dhcp->autoip_coop_state = DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_OFF;
1105   }
1106 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP */
1107 
1108   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_bind(): IP: 0x%08"X32_F" SN: 0x%08"X32_F" GW: 0x%08"X32_F"\n",
1109     ip4_addr_get_u32(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr), ip4_addr_get_u32(&sn_mask), ip4_addr_get_u32(&gw_addr)));
1110   /* netif is now bound to DHCP leased address - set this before assigning the address
1111      to ensure the callback can use dhcp_supplied_address() */
1112   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_BOUND);
1113 
1114   netif_set_addr(netif, &dhcp->offered_ip_addr, &sn_mask, &gw_addr);
1115   /* interface is used by routing now that an address is set */
1116 }
1117 
1118 /**
1119  * @ingroup dhcp4
1120  * Renew an existing DHCP lease at the involved DHCP server.
1121  *
1122  * @param netif network interface which must renew its lease
1123  */
1124 err_t
1125 dhcp_renew(struct netif *netif)
1126 {
1127   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1128   err_t result;
1129   u16_t msecs;
1130   u8_t i;
1131   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_renew()\n"));
1132   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_RENEWING);
1133 
1134   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
1135   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_REQUEST);
1136   if (result == ERR_OK) {
1137     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
1138     dhcp_option_short(dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif));
1139 
1140     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST, LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options));
1141     for (i = 0; i < LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options); i++) {
1142       dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, dhcp_discover_request_options[i]);
1143     }
1144 
1145 #if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
1146     dhcp_option_hostname(dhcp, netif);
1147 #endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
1148 
1149     /* append DHCP message trailer */
1150     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
1151 
1152     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
1153 
1154     udp_sendto_if(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, &dhcp->server_ip_addr, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif);
1155     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
1156 
1157     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_renew: RENEWING\n"));
1158   } else {
1159     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_renew: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
1160   }
1161   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
1162     dhcp->tries++;
1163   }
1164   /* back-off on retries, but to a maximum of 20 seconds */
1165   msecs = dhcp->tries < 10 ? dhcp->tries * 2000 : 20 * 1000;
1166   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
1167   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_renew(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
1168   return result;
1169 }
1170 
1171 /**
1172  * Rebind with a DHCP server for an existing DHCP lease.
1173  *
1174  * @param netif network interface which must rebind with a DHCP server
1175  */
1176 static err_t
1177 dhcp_rebind(struct netif *netif)
1178 {
1179   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1180   err_t result;
1181   u16_t msecs;
1182   u8_t i;
1183   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_rebind()\n"));
1184   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_REBINDING);
1185 
1186   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
1187   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_REQUEST);
1188   if (result == ERR_OK) {
1189     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
1190     dhcp_option_short(dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN(netif));
1191 
1192     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST, LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options));
1193     for (i = 0; i < LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options); i++) {
1194       dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, dhcp_discover_request_options[i]);
1195     }
1196 
1197 #if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
1198     dhcp_option_hostname(dhcp, netif);
1199 #endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
1200 
1201     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
1202 
1203     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
1204 
1205     /* broadcast to server */
1206     udp_sendto_if(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif);
1207     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
1208     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_rebind: REBINDING\n"));
1209   } else {
1210     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_rebind: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
1211   }
1212   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
1213     dhcp->tries++;
1214   }
1215   msecs = dhcp->tries < 10 ? dhcp->tries * 1000 : 10 * 1000;
1216   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
1217   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_rebind(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
1218   return result;
1219 }
1220 
1221 /**
1222  * Enter REBOOTING state to verify an existing lease
1223  *
1224  * @param netif network interface which must reboot
1225  */
1226 static err_t
1227 dhcp_reboot(struct netif *netif)
1228 {
1229   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1230   err_t result;
1231   u16_t msecs;
1232   u8_t i;
1233   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_reboot()\n"));
1234   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_REBOOTING);
1235 
1236   /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
1237   result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_REQUEST);
1238   if (result == ERR_OK) {
1239     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE, DHCP_OPTION_MAX_MSG_SIZE_LEN);
1240     dhcp_option_short(dhcp, DHCP_MAX_MSG_LEN_MIN_REQUIRED);
1241 
1242     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_REQUESTED_IP, 4);
1243     dhcp_option_long(dhcp, lwip_ntohl(ip4_addr_get_u32(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr)));
1244 
1245     dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_PARAMETER_REQUEST_LIST, LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options));
1246     for (i = 0; i < LWIP_ARRAYSIZE(dhcp_discover_request_options); i++) {
1247       dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, dhcp_discover_request_options[i]);
1248     }
1249 
1250     dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
1251 
1252     pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
1253 
1254     /* broadcast to server */
1255     udp_sendto_if(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, IP_ADDR_BROADCAST, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif);
1256     dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
1257     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_reboot: REBOOTING\n"));
1258   } else {
1259     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_reboot: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
1260   }
1261   if (dhcp->tries < 255) {
1262     dhcp->tries++;
1263   }
1264   msecs = dhcp->tries < 10 ? dhcp->tries * 1000 : 10 * 1000;
1265   dhcp->request_timeout = (msecs + DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS - 1) / DHCP_FINE_TIMER_MSECS;
1266   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_reboot(): set request timeout %"U16_F" msecs\n", msecs));
1267   return result;
1268 }
1269 
1270 /**
1271  * @ingroup dhcp4
1272  * Release a DHCP lease and stop DHCP statemachine (and AUTOIP if LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP).
1273  *
1274  * @param netif network interface
1275  */
1276 void
1277 dhcp_release_and_stop(struct netif *netif)
1278 {
1279   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1280   ip_addr_t server_ip_addr;
1281 
1282   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_release_and_stop()\n"));
1283   if (dhcp == NULL) {
1284     return;
1285   }
1286 
1287   /* already off? -> nothing to do */
1288   if (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_OFF) {
1289     return;
1290   }
1291 
1292   ip_addr_copy(server_ip_addr, dhcp->server_ip_addr);
1293 
1294   /* clean old DHCP offer */
1295   ip_addr_set_zero_ip4(&dhcp->server_ip_addr);
1296   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_ip_addr);
1297   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_sn_mask);
1298   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_gw_addr);
1299 #if LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE
1300   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->offered_si_addr);
1301 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE */
1302   dhcp->offered_t0_lease = dhcp->offered_t1_renew = dhcp->offered_t2_rebind = 0;
1303   dhcp->t1_renew_time = dhcp->t2_rebind_time = dhcp->lease_used = dhcp->t0_timeout = 0;
1304 
1305   /* send release message when current IP was assigned via DHCP */
1306   if (dhcp_supplied_address(netif)) {
1307     /* create and initialize the DHCP message header */
1308     err_t result = dhcp_create_msg(netif, dhcp, DHCP_RELEASE);
1309     if (result == ERR_OK) {
1310       dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_SERVER_ID, 4);
1311       dhcp_option_long(dhcp, lwip_ntohl(ip4_addr_get_u32(ip_2_ip4(&server_ip_addr))));
1312 
1313       dhcp_option_trailer(dhcp);
1314 
1315       pbuf_realloc(dhcp->p_out, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg) - DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN + dhcp->options_out_len);
1316 
1317       udp_sendto_if(dhcp_pcb, dhcp->p_out, &server_ip_addr, DHCP_SERVER_PORT, netif);
1318       dhcp_delete_msg(dhcp);
1319       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_STATE, ("dhcp_release: RELEASED, DHCP_STATE_OFF\n"));
1320     } else {
1321         /* sending release failed, but that's not a problem since the correct behaviour of dhcp does not rely on release */
1322       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("dhcp_release: could not allocate DHCP request\n"));
1323     }
1324   }
1325 
1326   /* remove IP address from interface (prevents routing from selecting this interface) */
1327   netif_set_addr(netif, IP4_ADDR_ANY4, IP4_ADDR_ANY4, IP4_ADDR_ANY4);
1328 
1329 #if LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP
1330   if (dhcp->autoip_coop_state == DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_ON) {
1331     autoip_stop(netif);
1332     dhcp->autoip_coop_state = DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP_STATE_OFF;
1333   }
1334 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_AUTOIP_COOP */
1335 
1336   LWIP_ASSERT("reply wasn't freed", dhcp->msg_in == NULL);
1337   dhcp_set_state(dhcp, DHCP_STATE_OFF);
1338 
1339   if (dhcp->pcb_allocated != 0) {
1340     dhcp_dec_pcb_refcount(); /* free DHCP PCB if not needed any more */
1341     dhcp->pcb_allocated = 0;
1342   }
1343 }
1344 
1345 /**
1346  * @ingroup dhcp4
1347  * @deprecated Use dhcp_release_and_stop() instead.
1348  * This function calls dhcp_release_and_stop() internally.
1349  */
1350 err_t
1351 dhcp_release(struct netif *netif)
1352 {
1353   dhcp_release_and_stop(netif);
1354   return ERR_OK;
1355 }
1356 
1357 /**
1358  * @ingroup dhcp4
1359  * @deprecated Use dhcp_release_and_stop() instead.
1360  * This function calls dhcp_release_and_stop() internally.
1361  */
1362 void
1363 dhcp_stop(struct netif *netif)
1364 {
1365   dhcp_release_and_stop(netif);
1366 }
1367 
1368 /*
1369  * Set the DHCP state of a DHCP client.
1370  *
1371  * If the state changed, reset the number of tries.
1372  */
1373 static void
1374 dhcp_set_state(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t new_state)
1375 {
1376   if (new_state != dhcp->state) {
1377     dhcp->state = new_state;
1378     dhcp->tries = 0;
1379     dhcp->request_timeout = 0;
1380   }
1381 }
1382 
1383 /*
1384  * Concatenate an option type and length field to the outgoing
1385  * DHCP message.
1386  *
1387  */
1388 static void
1389 dhcp_option(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t option_type, u8_t option_len)
1390 {
1391   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option: dhcp->options_out_len + 2 + option_len <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN", dhcp->options_out_len + 2U + option_len <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN);
1392   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = option_type;
1393   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = option_len;
1394 }
1395 /*
1396  * Concatenate a single byte to the outgoing DHCP message.
1397  *
1398  */
1399 static void
1400 dhcp_option_byte(struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t value)
1401 {
1402   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option_byte: dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN", dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN);
1403   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = value;
1404 }
1405 
1406 static void
1407 dhcp_option_short(struct dhcp *dhcp, u16_t value)
1408 {
1409   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option_short: dhcp->options_out_len + 2 <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN", dhcp->options_out_len + 2U <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN);
1410   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t)((value & 0xff00U) >> 8);
1411   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t) (value & 0x00ffU);
1412 }
1413 
1414 static void
1415 dhcp_option_long(struct dhcp *dhcp, u32_t value)
1416 {
1417   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option_long: dhcp->options_out_len + 4 <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN", dhcp->options_out_len + 4U <= DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN);
1418   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t)((value & 0xff000000UL) >> 24);
1419   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t)((value & 0x00ff0000UL) >> 16);
1420   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t)((value & 0x0000ff00UL) >> 8);
1421   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = (u8_t)((value & 0x000000ffUL));
1422 }
1423 
1424 #if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
1425 static void
1426 dhcp_option_hostname(struct dhcp *dhcp, struct netif *netif)
1427 {
1428   if (netif->hostname != NULL) {
1429     size_t namelen = strlen(netif->hostname);
1430     if (namelen > 0) {
1431       size_t len;
1432       const char *p = netif->hostname;
1433       /* Shrink len to available bytes (need 2 bytes for OPTION_HOSTNAME
1434          and 1 byte for trailer) */
1435       size_t available = DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN - dhcp->options_out_len - 3;
1436       LWIP_ASSERT("DHCP: hostname is too long!", namelen <= available);
1437       len = LWIP_MIN(namelen, available);
1438       LWIP_ASSERT("DHCP: hostname is too long!", len <= 0xFF);
1439       dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_HOSTNAME, (u8_t)len);
1440       while (len--) {
1441         dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, *p++);
1442       }
1443     }
1444   }
1445 }
1446 #endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
1447 
1448 /**
1449  * Extract the DHCP message and the DHCP options.
1450  *
1451  * Extract the DHCP message and the DHCP options, each into a contiguous
1452  * piece of memory. As a DHCP message is variable sized by its options,
1453  * and also allows overriding some fields for options, the easy approach
1454  * is to first unfold the options into a contiguous piece of memory, and
1455  * use that further on.
1456  *
1457  */
1458 static err_t
1459 dhcp_parse_reply(struct dhcp *dhcp, struct pbuf *p)
1460 {
1461   u8_t *options;
1462   u16_t offset;
1463   u16_t offset_max;
1464   u16_t options_idx;
1465   u16_t options_idx_max;
1466   struct pbuf *q;
1467   int parse_file_as_options = 0;
1468   int parse_sname_as_options = 0;
1469 
1470   /* clear received options */
1471   dhcp_clear_all_options(dhcp);
1472   /* check that beginning of dhcp_msg (up to and including chaddr) is in first pbuf */
1473   if (p->len < DHCP_SNAME_OFS) {
1474     return ERR_BUF;
1475   }
1476   dhcp->msg_in = (struct dhcp_msg *)p->payload;
1477 #if LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE
1478   /* clear boot file name */
1479   dhcp->boot_file_name[0] = 0;
1480 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE */
1481 
1482   /* parse options */
1483 
1484   /* start with options field */
1485   options_idx = DHCP_OPTIONS_OFS;
1486   /* parse options to the end of the received packet */
1487   options_idx_max = p->tot_len;
1488 again:
1489   q = p;
1490   while ((q != NULL) && (options_idx >= q->len)) {
1491     options_idx -= q->len;
1492     options_idx_max -= q->len;
1493     q = q->next;
1494   }
1495   if (q == NULL) {
1496     return ERR_BUF;
1497   }
1498   offset = options_idx;
1499   offset_max = options_idx_max;
1500   options = (u8_t*)q->payload;
1501   /* at least 1 byte to read and no end marker, then at least 3 bytes to read? */
1502   while ((q != NULL) && (options[offset] != DHCP_OPTION_END) && (offset < offset_max)) {
1503     u8_t op = options[offset];
1504     u8_t len;
1505     u8_t decode_len = 0;
1506     int decode_idx = -1;
1507     u16_t val_offset = offset + 2;
1508     /* len byte might be in the next pbuf */
1509     if ((offset + 1) < q->len) {
1510       len = options[offset + 1];
1511     } else {
1512       len = (q->next != NULL ? ((u8_t*)q->next->payload)[0] : 0);
1513     }
1514     /* LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG, ("msg_offset=%"U16_F", q->len=%"U16_F, msg_offset, q->len)); */
1515     decode_len = len;
1516     switch(op) {
1517       /* case(DHCP_OPTION_END): handled above */
1518       case(DHCP_OPTION_PAD):
1519         /* special option: no len encoded */
1520         decode_len = len = 0;
1521         /* will be increased below */
1522         offset--;
1523         break;
1524       case(DHCP_OPTION_SUBNET_MASK):
1525         LWIP_ERROR("len == 4", len == 4, return ERR_VAL;);
1526         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SUBNET_MASK;
1527         break;
1528       case(DHCP_OPTION_ROUTER):
1529         decode_len = 4; /* only copy the first given router */
1530         LWIP_ERROR("len >= decode_len", len >= decode_len, return ERR_VAL;);
1531         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_ROUTER;
1532         break;
1533 #if LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS
1534       case(DHCP_OPTION_DNS_SERVER):
1535         /* special case: there might be more than one server */
1536         LWIP_ERROR("len %% 4 == 0", len % 4 == 0, return ERR_VAL;);
1537         /* limit number of DNS servers */
1538         decode_len = LWIP_MIN(len, 4 * DNS_MAX_SERVERS);
1539         LWIP_ERROR("len >= decode_len", len >= decode_len, return ERR_VAL;);
1540         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_DNS_SERVER;
1541         break;
1542 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_PROVIDE_DNS_SERVERS */
1543       case(DHCP_OPTION_LEASE_TIME):
1544         LWIP_ERROR("len == 4", len == 4, return ERR_VAL;);
1545         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_LEASE_TIME;
1546         break;
1547 #if LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV
1548       case(DHCP_OPTION_NTP):
1549         /* special case: there might be more than one server */
1550         LWIP_ERROR("len %% 4 == 0", len % 4 == 0, return ERR_VAL;);
1551         /* limit number of NTP servers */
1552         decode_len = LWIP_MIN(len, 4 * LWIP_DHCP_MAX_NTP_SERVERS);
1553         LWIP_ERROR("len >= decode_len", len >= decode_len, return ERR_VAL;);
1554         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_NTP_SERVER;
1555         break;
1556 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_GET_NTP_SRV*/
1557       case(DHCP_OPTION_OVERLOAD):
1558         LWIP_ERROR("len == 1", len == 1, return ERR_VAL;);
1559         /* decode overload only in options, not in file/sname: invalid packet */
1560         LWIP_ERROR("overload in file/sname", options_idx == DHCP_OPTIONS_OFS, return ERR_VAL;);
1561         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_OVERLOAD;
1562         break;
1563       case(DHCP_OPTION_MESSAGE_TYPE):
1564         LWIP_ERROR("len == 1", len == 1, return ERR_VAL;);
1565         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE;
1566         break;
1567       case(DHCP_OPTION_SERVER_ID):
1568         LWIP_ERROR("len == 4", len == 4, return ERR_VAL;);
1569         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_SERVER_ID;
1570         break;
1571       case(DHCP_OPTION_T1):
1572         LWIP_ERROR("len == 4", len == 4, return ERR_VAL;);
1573         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T1;
1574         break;
1575       case(DHCP_OPTION_T2):
1576         LWIP_ERROR("len == 4", len == 4, return ERR_VAL;);
1577         decode_idx = DHCP_OPTION_IDX_T2;
1578         break;
1579       default:
1580         decode_len = 0;
1581         LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG, ("skipping option %"U16_F" in options\n", (u16_t)op));
1582         break;
1583     }
1584     offset += len + 2;
1585     if (decode_len > 0) {
1586       u32_t value = 0;
1587       u16_t copy_len;
1588 decode_next:
1589       LWIP_ASSERT("check decode_idx", decode_idx >= 0 && decode_idx < DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MAX);
1590       if (!dhcp_option_given(dhcp, decode_idx)) {
1591         copy_len = LWIP_MIN(decode_len, 4);
1592         if (pbuf_copy_partial(q, &value, copy_len, val_offset) != copy_len) {
1593           return ERR_BUF;
1594         }
1595         if (decode_len > 4) {
1596           /* decode more than one u32_t */
1597           LWIP_ERROR("decode_len %% 4 == 0", decode_len % 4 == 0, return ERR_VAL;);
1598           dhcp_got_option(dhcp, decode_idx);
1599           dhcp_set_option_value(dhcp, decode_idx, lwip_htonl(value));
1600           decode_len -= 4;
1601           val_offset += 4;
1602           decode_idx++;
1603           goto decode_next;
1604         } else if (decode_len == 4) {
1605           value = lwip_ntohl(value);
1606         } else {
1607           LWIP_ERROR("invalid decode_len", decode_len == 1, return ERR_VAL;);
1608           value = ((u8_t*)&value)[0];
1609         }
1610         dhcp_got_option(dhcp, decode_idx);
1611         dhcp_set_option_value(dhcp, decode_idx, value);
1612       }
1613     }
1614     if (offset >= q->len) {
1615       offset -= q->len;
1616       offset_max -= q->len;
1617       if ((offset < offset_max) && offset_max) {
1618         q = q->next;
1619         LWIP_ASSERT("next pbuf was null", q);
1620         options = (u8_t*)q->payload;
1621       } else {
1622         /* We've run out of bytes, probably no end marker. Don't proceed. */
1623         break;
1624       }
1625     }
1626   }
1627   /* is this an overloaded message? */
1628   if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_OVERLOAD)) {
1629     u32_t overload = dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_OVERLOAD);
1630     dhcp_clear_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_OVERLOAD);
1631     if (overload == DHCP_OVERLOAD_FILE) {
1632       parse_file_as_options = 1;
1633       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("overloaded file field\n"));
1634     } else if (overload == DHCP_OVERLOAD_SNAME) {
1635       parse_sname_as_options = 1;
1636       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("overloaded sname field\n"));
1637     } else if (overload == DHCP_OVERLOAD_SNAME_FILE) {
1638       parse_sname_as_options = 1;
1639       parse_file_as_options = 1;
1640       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("overloaded sname and file field\n"));
1641     } else {
1642       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("invalid overload option: %d\n", (int)overload));
1643     }
1644 #if LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE
1645     if (!parse_file_as_options) {
1646       /* only do this for ACK messages */
1647       if (dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE) &&
1648         (dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE) == DHCP_ACK))
1649       /* copy bootp file name, don't care for sname (server hostname) */
1650       if (pbuf_copy_partial(p, dhcp->boot_file_name, DHCP_FILE_LEN-1, DHCP_FILE_OFS) != (DHCP_FILE_LEN-1)) {
1651         return ERR_BUF;
1652       }
1653       /* make sure the string is really NULL-terminated */
1654       dhcp->boot_file_name[DHCP_FILE_LEN-1] = 0;
1655     }
1656 #endif /* LWIP_DHCP_BOOTP_FILE */
1657   }
1658   if (parse_file_as_options) {
1659     /* if both are overloaded, parse file first and then sname (RFC 2131 ch. 4.1) */
1660     parse_file_as_options = 0;
1661     options_idx = DHCP_FILE_OFS;
1662     options_idx_max = DHCP_FILE_OFS + DHCP_FILE_LEN;
1663     goto again;
1664   } else if (parse_sname_as_options) {
1665     parse_sname_as_options = 0;
1666     options_idx = DHCP_SNAME_OFS;
1667     options_idx_max = DHCP_SNAME_OFS + DHCP_SNAME_LEN;
1668     goto again;
1669   }
1670   return ERR_OK;
1671 }
1672 
1673 /**
1674  * If an incoming DHCP message is in response to us, then trigger the state machine
1675  */
1676 static void
1677 dhcp_recv(void *arg, struct udp_pcb *pcb, struct pbuf *p, const ip_addr_t *addr, u16_t port)
1678 {
1679   struct netif *netif = ip_current_input_netif();
1680   struct dhcp *dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1681   struct dhcp_msg *reply_msg = (struct dhcp_msg *)p->payload;
1682   u8_t msg_type;
1683   u8_t i;
1684 
1685   LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(arg);
1686 
1687   /* Caught DHCP message from netif that does not have DHCP enabled? -> not interested */
1688   if ((dhcp == NULL) || (dhcp->pcb_allocated == 0)) {
1689     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1690   }
1691 
1692   LWIP_ASSERT("invalid server address type", IP_IS_V4(addr));
1693 
1694   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("dhcp_recv(pbuf = %p) from DHCP server %"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F".%"U16_F" port %"U16_F"\n", (void*)p,
1695     ip4_addr1_16(ip_2_ip4(addr)), ip4_addr2_16(ip_2_ip4(addr)), ip4_addr3_16(ip_2_ip4(addr)), ip4_addr4_16(ip_2_ip4(addr)), port));
1696   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("pbuf->len = %"U16_F"\n", p->len));
1697   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("pbuf->tot_len = %"U16_F"\n", p->tot_len));
1698   /* prevent warnings about unused arguments */
1699   LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(pcb);
1700   LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(addr);
1701   LWIP_UNUSED_ARG(port);
1702 
1703   LWIP_ASSERT("reply wasn't freed", dhcp->msg_in == NULL);
1704 
1705   if (p->len < DHCP_MIN_REPLY_LEN) {
1706     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("DHCP reply message or pbuf too short\n"));
1707     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1708   }
1709 
1710   if (reply_msg->op != DHCP_BOOTREPLY) {
1711     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("not a DHCP reply message, but type %"U16_F"\n", (u16_t)reply_msg->op));
1712     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1713   }
1714   /* iterate through hardware address and match against DHCP message */
1715   for (i = 0; i < netif->hwaddr_len && i < NETIF_MAX_HWADDR_LEN && i < DHCP_CHADDR_LEN; i++) {
1716     if (netif->hwaddr[i] != reply_msg->chaddr[i]) {
1717       LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING,
1718         ("netif->hwaddr[%"U16_F"]==%02"X16_F" != reply_msg->chaddr[%"U16_F"]==%02"X16_F"\n",
1719         (u16_t)i, (u16_t)netif->hwaddr[i], (u16_t)i, (u16_t)reply_msg->chaddr[i]));
1720       goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1721     }
1722   }
1723   /* match transaction ID against what we expected */
1724   if (lwip_ntohl(reply_msg->xid) != dhcp->xid) {
1725     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING,
1726       ("transaction id mismatch reply_msg->xid(%"X32_F")!=dhcp->xid(%"X32_F")\n",lwip_ntohl(reply_msg->xid),dhcp->xid));
1727     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1728   }
1729   /* option fields could be unfold? */
1730   if (dhcp_parse_reply(dhcp, p) != ERR_OK) {
1731     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
1732       ("problem unfolding DHCP message - too short on memory?\n"));
1733     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1734   }
1735 
1736   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("searching DHCP_OPTION_MESSAGE_TYPE\n"));
1737   /* obtain pointer to DHCP message type */
1738   if (!dhcp_option_given(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE)) {
1739     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("DHCP_OPTION_MESSAGE_TYPE option not found\n"));
1740     goto free_pbuf_and_return;
1741   }
1742 
1743   /* read DHCP message type */
1744   msg_type = (u8_t)dhcp_get_option_value(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_IDX_MSG_TYPE);
1745   /* message type is DHCP ACK? */
1746   if (msg_type == DHCP_ACK) {
1747     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("DHCP_ACK received\n"));
1748     /* in requesting state? */
1749     if (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING) {
1750       dhcp_handle_ack(netif);
1751 #if DHCP_DOES_ARP_CHECK
1752       if ((netif->flags & NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP) != 0) {
1753         /* check if the acknowledged lease address is already in use */
1754         dhcp_check(netif);
1755       } else {
1756         /* bind interface to the acknowledged lease address */
1757         dhcp_bind(netif);
1758       }
1759 #else
1760       /* bind interface to the acknowledged lease address */
1761       dhcp_bind(netif);
1762 #endif
1763     }
1764     /* already bound to the given lease address? */
1765     else if ((dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBOOTING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBINDING) ||
1766              (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_RENEWING)) {
1767       dhcp_handle_ack(netif);
1768       dhcp_bind(netif);
1769     }
1770   }
1771   /* received a DHCP_NAK in appropriate state? */
1772   else if ((msg_type == DHCP_NAK) &&
1773     ((dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBOOTING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REQUESTING) ||
1774      (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_REBINDING) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_RENEWING  ))) {
1775     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("DHCP_NAK received\n"));
1776     dhcp_handle_nak(netif);
1777   }
1778   /* received a DHCP_OFFER in DHCP_STATE_SELECTING state? */
1779   else if ((msg_type == DHCP_OFFER) && (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_SELECTING)) {
1780     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("DHCP_OFFER received in DHCP_STATE_SELECTING state\n"));
1781     dhcp->request_timeout = 0;
1782     /* remember offered lease */
1783     dhcp_handle_offer(netif);
1784   }
1785 
1786 free_pbuf_and_return:
1787   if (dhcp != NULL) {
1788     dhcp->msg_in = NULL;
1789   }
1790   pbuf_free(p);
1791 }
1792 
1793 /**
1794  * Create a DHCP request, fill in common headers
1795  *
1796  * @param netif the netif under DHCP control
1797  * @param dhcp dhcp control struct
1798  * @param message_type message type of the request
1799  */
1800 static err_t
1801 dhcp_create_msg(struct netif *netif, struct dhcp *dhcp, u8_t message_type)
1802 {
1803   u16_t i;
1804 #ifndef DHCP_GLOBAL_XID
1805   /** default global transaction identifier starting value (easy to match
1806    *  with a packet analyser). We simply increment for each new request.
1807    *  Predefine DHCP_GLOBAL_XID to a better value or a function call to generate one
1808    *  at runtime, any supporting function prototypes can be defined in DHCP_GLOBAL_XID_HEADER */
1809 #if DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND)
1810   static u32_t xid;
1811 #else /* DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND) */
1812   static u32_t xid = 0xABCD0000;
1813 #endif /* DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND) */
1814 #else
1815   if (!xid_initialised) {
1816     xid = DHCP_GLOBAL_XID;
1817     xid_initialised = !xid_initialised;
1818   }
1819 #endif
1820   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_create_msg: netif != NULL", (netif != NULL), return ERR_ARG;);
1821   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_create_msg: dhcp != NULL", (dhcp != NULL), return ERR_VAL;);
1822   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_create_msg: dhcp->p_out == NULL", dhcp->p_out == NULL);
1823   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_create_msg: dhcp->msg_out == NULL", dhcp->msg_out == NULL);
1824   dhcp->p_out = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_TRANSPORT, sizeof(struct dhcp_msg), PBUF_RAM);
1825   if (dhcp->p_out == NULL) {
1826     LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
1827       ("dhcp_create_msg(): could not allocate pbuf\n"));
1828     return ERR_MEM;
1829   }
1830   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_create_msg: check that first pbuf can hold struct dhcp_msg",
1831            (dhcp->p_out->len >= sizeof(struct dhcp_msg)));
1832 
1833   /* DHCP_REQUEST should reuse 'xid' from DHCPOFFER */
1834   if (message_type != DHCP_REQUEST) {
1835     /* reuse transaction identifier in retransmissions */
1836     if (dhcp->tries == 0) {
1837 #if DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND)
1838       xid = LWIP_RAND();
1839 #else /* DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND) */
1840       xid++;
1841 #endif /* DHCP_CREATE_RAND_XID && defined(LWIP_RAND) */
1842     }
1843     dhcp->xid = xid;
1844   }
1845   LWIP_DEBUGF(DHCP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE,
1846               ("transaction id xid(%"X32_F")\n", xid));
1847 
1848   dhcp->msg_out = (struct dhcp_msg *)dhcp->p_out->payload;
1849 
1850   dhcp->msg_out->op = DHCP_BOOTREQUEST;
1851   /* @todo: make link layer independent */
1852   dhcp->msg_out->htype = DHCP_HTYPE_ETH;
1853   dhcp->msg_out->hlen = netif->hwaddr_len;
1854   dhcp->msg_out->hops = 0;
1855   dhcp->msg_out->xid = lwip_htonl(dhcp->xid);
1856   dhcp->msg_out->secs = 0;
1857   /* we don't need the broadcast flag since we can receive unicast traffic
1858      before being fully configured! */
1859   dhcp->msg_out->flags = 0;
1860   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->msg_out->ciaddr);
1861   /* set ciaddr to netif->ip_addr based on message_type and state */
1862   if ((message_type == DHCP_INFORM) || (message_type == DHCP_DECLINE) || (message_type == DHCP_RELEASE) ||
1863       ((message_type == DHCP_REQUEST) && /* DHCP_STATE_BOUND not used for sending! */
1864        ((dhcp->state== DHCP_STATE_RENEWING) || dhcp->state== DHCP_STATE_REBINDING))) {
1865     ip4_addr_copy(dhcp->msg_out->ciaddr, *netif_ip4_addr(netif));
1866   }
1867   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->msg_out->yiaddr);
1868   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->msg_out->siaddr);
1869   ip4_addr_set_zero(&dhcp->msg_out->giaddr);
1870   for (i = 0; i < DHCP_CHADDR_LEN; i++) {
1871     /* copy netif hardware address, pad with zeroes */
1872     dhcp->msg_out->chaddr[i] = (i < netif->hwaddr_len && i < NETIF_MAX_HWADDR_LEN) ? netif->hwaddr[i] : 0/* pad byte*/;
1873   }
1874   for (i = 0; i < DHCP_SNAME_LEN; i++) {
1875     dhcp->msg_out->sname[i] = 0;
1876   }
1877   for (i = 0; i < DHCP_FILE_LEN; i++) {
1878     dhcp->msg_out->file[i] = 0;
1879   }
1880   dhcp->msg_out->cookie = PP_HTONL(DHCP_MAGIC_COOKIE);
1881   dhcp->options_out_len = 0;
1882   /* fill options field with an incrementing array (for debugging purposes) */
1883   for (i = 0; i < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN; i++) {
1884     dhcp->msg_out->options[i] = (u8_t)i; /* for debugging only, no matter if truncated */
1885   }
1886   /* Add option MESSAGE_TYPE */
1887   dhcp_option(dhcp, DHCP_OPTION_MESSAGE_TYPE, DHCP_OPTION_MESSAGE_TYPE_LEN);
1888   dhcp_option_byte(dhcp, message_type);
1889   return ERR_OK;
1890 }
1891 
1892 /**
1893  * Free previously allocated memory used to send a DHCP request.
1894  *
1895  * @param dhcp the dhcp struct to free the request from
1896  */
1897 static void
1898 dhcp_delete_msg(struct dhcp *dhcp)
1899 {
1900   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_delete_msg: dhcp != NULL", (dhcp != NULL), return;);
1901   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_delete_msg: dhcp->p_out != NULL", dhcp->p_out != NULL);
1902   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_delete_msg: dhcp->msg_out != NULL", dhcp->msg_out != NULL);
1903   if (dhcp->p_out != NULL) {
1904     pbuf_free(dhcp->p_out);
1905   }
1906   dhcp->p_out = NULL;
1907   dhcp->msg_out = NULL;
1908 }
1909 
1910 /**
1911  * Add a DHCP message trailer
1912  *
1913  * Adds the END option to the DHCP message, and if
1914  * necessary, up to three padding bytes.
1915  *
1916  * @param dhcp DHCP state structure
1917  */
1918 static void
1919 dhcp_option_trailer(struct dhcp *dhcp)
1920 {
1921   LWIP_ERROR("dhcp_option_trailer: dhcp != NULL", (dhcp != NULL), return;);
1922   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option_trailer: dhcp->msg_out != NULL\n", dhcp->msg_out != NULL);
1923   LWIP_ASSERT("dhcp_option_trailer: dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN\n", dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN);
1924   dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = DHCP_OPTION_END;
1925   /* packet is too small, or not 4 byte aligned? */
1926   while (((dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_MIN_OPTIONS_LEN) || (dhcp->options_out_len & 3)) &&
1927          (dhcp->options_out_len < DHCP_OPTIONS_LEN)) {
1928     /* add a fill/padding byte */
1929     dhcp->msg_out->options[dhcp->options_out_len++] = 0;
1930   }
1931 }
1932 
1933 /** check if DHCP supplied netif->ip_addr
1934  *
1935  * @param netif the netif to check
1936  * @return 1 if DHCP supplied netif->ip_addr (states BOUND or RENEWING),
1937  *         0 otherwise
1938  */
1939 u8_t
1940 dhcp_supplied_address(const struct netif *netif)
1941 {
1942   if ((netif != NULL) && (netif_dhcp_data(netif) != NULL)) {
1943     struct dhcp* dhcp = netif_dhcp_data(netif);
1944     return (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_BOUND) || (dhcp->state == DHCP_STATE_RENEWING);
1945   }
1946   return 0;
1947 }
1948 
1949 #endif /* LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_DHCP */
1950