1 /* $NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.9 2013/10/19 01:09:59 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 33 #ifndef lint 34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved."); 36 #endif /* not lint */ 37 38 #ifndef lint 39 #if 0 40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95"; 41 #else 42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.9 2013/10/19 01:09:59 christos Exp $"); 43 #endif 44 #endif /* not lint */ 45 46 /* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mke2fs 48 */ 49 #include <sys/param.h> 50 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 51 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 52 #include <sys/disk.h> 53 #include <sys/file.h> 54 #include <sys/mount.h> 55 56 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h> 57 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dinode.h> 58 59 #include <disktab.h> 60 #include <err.h> 61 #include <errno.h> 62 #include <limits.h> 63 #include <paths.h> 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stdlib.h> 66 #include <string.h> 67 #include <unistd.h> 68 #include <util.h> 69 #include <mntopts.h> 70 71 #if defined(__minix) 72 #include <minix/partition.h> 73 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 74 75 #include "extern.h" 76 #include "partutil.h" 77 78 static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *); 79 static void usage(void) __dead; 80 81 /* 82 * For file systems smaller than SMALL_FSSIZE we use the S_DFL_* defaults, 83 * otherwise if less than MEDIUM_FSSIZE use M_DFL_*, otherwise use 84 * L_DFL_*. 85 */ 86 #define SMALL_FSSIZE ((4 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize) /* 4MB */ 87 #if !defined(__minix) 88 #define S_DFL_BSIZE 1024 89 #else 90 #define S_DFL_BSIZE 4096 91 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 92 #define MEDIUM_FSSIZE ((512 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize) /* 512MB */ 93 #if !defined(__minix) 94 #define M_DFL_BSIZE 1024 95 #else 96 #define M_DFL_BSIZE 4096 97 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 98 #define L_DFL_BSIZE 4096 99 100 /* 101 * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated. 102 * We allocate one inode slot per 2, 4, or 8 blocks, expecting this 103 * to be far more than we will ever need. 104 */ 105 #define S_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 8) 106 #define M_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 4) 107 #define L_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 2) 108 109 /* 110 * Default sector size. 111 */ 112 #define DFL_SECSIZE 512 113 114 int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */ 115 int Oflag = 0; /* format as conservative REV0 by default */ 116 int verbosity; /* amount of printf() output */ 117 #define DEFAULT_VERBOSITY 3 /* 4 is traditional behavior of newfs(8) */ 118 int64_t fssize; /* file system size */ 119 uint sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 120 uint16_t inodesize = EXT2_REV0_DINODE_SIZE; /* inode size */ 121 uint fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 122 uint bsize = 0; /* block size */ 123 uint minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 124 uint density; /* number of bytes per inode */ 125 uint num_inodes; /* number of inodes (overrides density) */ 126 char *volname = NULL; /* volume name */ 127 128 #if !defined(__minix) 129 static char *disktype = NULL; 130 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 131 static char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 132 133 #if !defined(__minix) 134 static const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 135 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 136 137 int 138 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 139 { 140 #if !defined(__minix) 141 struct disk_geom geo; 142 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 143 #else 144 u64_t minix_fssize; 145 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 146 struct statvfs *mp; 147 struct stat sb; 148 int ch, fsi, fso, len, n, Fflag, Iflag, Zflag; 149 char *s1, *s2, *special; 150 const char *opstring; 151 int byte_sized; 152 uint blocks; /* number of blocks */ 153 154 fsi = fso = -1; 155 Fflag = Iflag = Zflag = 0; 156 verbosity = -1; 157 #if !defined(__minix) 158 opstring = "D:FINO:S:V:Zb:f:i:l:m:n:s:v:"; 159 #else 160 opstring = "D:FINO:S:V:Zb:f:i:l:m:n:s:v:B:"; 161 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 162 byte_sized = 0; 163 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 164 switch (ch) { 165 case 'D': 166 inodesize = (uint16_t)strtol(optarg, &s1, 0); 167 if (*s1 || (inodesize != 128 && inodesize != 256)) 168 errx(1, "Bad inode size %d " 169 "(only 128 and 256 supported)", inodesize); 170 break; 171 case 'F': 172 Fflag = 1; 173 break; 174 #if !defined(__minix) 175 case 'I': 176 Iflag = 1; 177 break; 178 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 179 case 'N': 180 Nflag = 1; 181 if (verbosity == -1) 182 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY; 183 break; 184 case 'O': 185 Oflag = strsuftoi64("format", optarg, 0, 1, NULL); 186 break; 187 case 'S': 188 /* 189 * XXX: 190 * non-512 byte sectors almost certainly don't work. 191 */ 192 sectorsize = strsuftoi64("sector size", 193 optarg, 512, 65536, NULL); 194 if (!powerof2(sectorsize)) 195 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 196 "sector size `%s' is not a power of 2.", 197 optarg); 198 break; 199 case 'V': 200 verbosity = strsuftoi64("verbose", optarg, 0, 4, NULL); 201 break; 202 #if !defined(__minix) 203 case 'Z': 204 Zflag = 1; 205 break; 206 #else 207 case 'B': 208 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 209 case 'b': 210 bsize = strsuftoi64("block size", 211 optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL); 212 break; 213 case 'f': 214 fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size", 215 optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL); 216 break; 217 case 'i': 218 density = strsuftoi64("bytes per inode", 219 optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL); 220 break; 221 case 'm': 222 minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %", 223 optarg, 0, 99, NULL); 224 break; 225 case 'n': 226 num_inodes = strsuftoi64("number of inodes", 227 optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL); 228 break; 229 case 's': 230 fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size", 231 optarg, INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized); 232 break; 233 case 'v': 234 volname = optarg; 235 if (volname[0] == '\0') 236 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 237 "Volume name cannot be zero length"); 238 break; 239 case '?': 240 default: 241 usage(); 242 } 243 argc -= optind; 244 argv += optind; 245 246 if (verbosity == -1) 247 /* Default to showing cg info */ 248 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY; 249 250 if (argc != 1) 251 usage(); 252 253 memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb)); 254 #if !defined(__minix) 255 memset(&dkw, 0, sizeof(dkw)); 256 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 257 special = argv[0]; 258 if (Fflag) { 259 int fl; 260 /* 261 * It's a file system image 262 * no label, use fixed default for sectorsize. 263 */ 264 if (sectorsize == 0) 265 sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE; 266 267 /* creating image in a regular file */ 268 if (Nflag) 269 fl = O_RDONLY; 270 else { 271 if (fssize > 0) 272 fl = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 273 else 274 fl = O_RDWR; 275 } 276 fsi = open(special, fl, 0777); 277 if (fsi == -1) 278 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't open file %s", special); 279 if (fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1) 280 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't fstat opened %s", special); 281 if (!Nflag) 282 fso = fsi; 283 } else { /* !Fflag */ 284 fsi = opendisk(special, O_RDONLY, device, sizeof(device), 0); 285 special = device; 286 if (fsi < 0 || fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1) 287 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: open for read", special); 288 289 if (!Nflag) { 290 fso = open(special, O_WRONLY, 0); 291 if (fso < 0) 292 err(EXIT_FAILURE, 293 "%s: open for write", special); 294 295 /* Bail if target special is mounted */ 296 n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT); 297 if (n == 0) 298 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: getmntinfo", special); 299 300 len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1; 301 s1 = special; 302 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0) 303 s1 += len; 304 305 while (--n >= 0) { 306 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 307 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) { 308 s2 += len - 1; 309 *s2 = 'r'; 310 } 311 if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || 312 strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0) 313 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 314 "%s is mounted on %s", 315 special, mp->f_mntonname); 316 ++mp; 317 } 318 } 319 320 #if !defined(__minix) 321 if (getdiskinfo(special, fsi, disktype, &geo, &dkw) == -1) 322 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, lmsg, special); 323 324 if (sectorsize == 0) { 325 sectorsize = geo.dg_secsize; 326 if (sectorsize <= 0) 327 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "no default sector size"); 328 } 329 330 if (dkw.dkw_parent[0]) { 331 if (dkw.dkw_size == 0) 332 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 333 "%s partition is unavailable", special); 334 335 if (!Iflag) { 336 static const char m[] = 337 "%s partition type is not `%s' (or use -I)"; 338 if (strcmp(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_EXT2FS)) 339 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, m, 340 special, "Linux Ext2"); 341 } 342 } 343 #else 344 if(minix_sizeup(special, &minix_fssize) < 0) 345 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "minix_sizeup failed"); 346 347 fssize = minix_fssize; 348 byte_sized = 1; 349 350 if (sectorsize == 0) 351 sectorsize = 512; 352 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 353 } 354 355 if (byte_sized) 356 fssize /= sectorsize; 357 #if !defined(__minix) 358 if (fssize <= 0) { 359 if (sb.st_size != 0) 360 fssize += sb.st_size / sectorsize; 361 else 362 fssize += dkw.dkw_size; 363 if (fssize <= 0) 364 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 365 "Unable to determine file system size"); 366 } 367 368 if (dkw.dkw_parent[0] && fssize > dkw.dkw_size) 369 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 370 "size %" PRIu64 " exceeds maximum file system size on " 371 "`%s' of %" PRIu64 " sectors", 372 fssize, special, dkw.dkw_size); 373 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 374 375 /* XXXLUKEM: only ftruncate() regular files ? (dsl: or at all?) */ 376 if (Fflag && fso != -1 377 && ftruncate(fso, (off_t)fssize * sectorsize) == -1) 378 err(1, "can't ftruncate %s to %" PRId64, special, fssize); 379 380 #if !defined(__minix) 381 if (Zflag && fso != -1) { /* pre-zero (and de-sparce) the file */ 382 char *buf; 383 int bufsize, i; 384 off_t bufrem; 385 struct statvfs sfs; 386 387 if (fstatvfs(fso, &sfs) == -1) { 388 warn("can't fstatvfs `%s'", special); 389 bufsize = 8192; 390 } else 391 bufsize = sfs.f_iosize; 392 393 if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL) 394 err(1, "can't malloc buffer of %d", 395 bufsize); 396 bufrem = fssize * sectorsize; 397 if (verbosity > 0) 398 printf("Creating file system image in `%s', " 399 "size %" PRId64 " bytes, in %d byte chunks.\n", 400 special, bufrem, bufsize); 401 while (bufrem > 0) { 402 i = write(fso, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem)); 403 if (i == -1) 404 err(1, "writing image"); 405 bufrem -= i; 406 } 407 free(buf); 408 } 409 #endif /* !defined(__minix) */ 410 411 /* Sort out fragment and block sizes */ 412 if (bsize == 0) { 413 bsize = fsize; 414 if (bsize == 0) { 415 if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE) 416 bsize = S_DFL_BSIZE; 417 else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE) 418 bsize = M_DFL_BSIZE; 419 else 420 bsize = L_DFL_BSIZE; 421 } 422 } 423 if (fsize == 0) 424 fsize = bsize; 425 426 blocks = fssize * sectorsize / bsize; 427 428 if (num_inodes == 0) { 429 if (density != 0) 430 num_inodes = fssize / density; 431 else { 432 if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE) 433 num_inodes = S_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 434 else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE) 435 num_inodes = M_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 436 else 437 num_inodes = L_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 438 } 439 } 440 mke2fs(special, fsi, fso); 441 442 if (fsi != -1) 443 close(fsi); 444 if (fso != -1 && fso != fsi) 445 close(fso); 446 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 447 } 448 449 static int64_t 450 strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max, 451 int *num_suffix) 452 { 453 int64_t result, r1; 454 int shift = 0; 455 char *ep; 456 457 errno = 0; 458 r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); 459 if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') 460 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 461 "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 462 switch (ep[0]) { 463 case '\0': 464 case 's': 465 case 'S': 466 if (num_suffix != NULL) 467 *num_suffix = 0; 468 break; 469 case 'g': 470 case 'G': 471 shift += 10; 472 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 473 case 'm': 474 case 'M': 475 shift += 10; 476 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 477 case 'k': 478 case 'K': 479 shift += 10; 480 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 481 case 'b': 482 case 'B': 483 if (num_suffix != NULL) 484 *num_suffix = 1; 485 break; 486 default: 487 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 488 "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); 489 } 490 result = r1 << shift; 491 if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1) 492 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 493 "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg); 494 if (result < min) 495 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 496 "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%" 497 PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, min); 498 if (result > max) 499 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 500 "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%" 501 PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, max); 502 return result; 503 } 504 505 static const char help_strings[] = 506 "\t-b bsize\tblock size\n" 507 "\t-D inodesize\tsize of an inode in bytes (128 or 256)\n" 508 "\t-F \t\tcreate file system image in regular file\n" 509 "\t-f fsize\tfragment size\n" 510 "\t-I \t\tdo not check that the file system type is `Linux Ext2'\n" 511 "\t-i density\tnumber of bytes per inode\n" 512 "\t-m minfree\tminimum free space %\n" 513 "\t-N \t\tdo not create file system, just print out parameters\n" 514 "\t-n inodes\tnumber of inodes (overrides -i density)\n" 515 "\t-O N\t\tfilesystem revision: 0 ==> REV0, 1 ==> REV1 (default 0)\n" 516 "\t-S secsize\tsector size\n" 517 "\t-s fssize\tfile system size (sectors)\n" 518 "\t-V verbose\toutput verbosity: 0 ==> none, 4 ==> max\n" 519 "\t-v volname\text2fs volume name\n" 520 "\t-Z \t\tpre-zero the image file\n"; 521 522 static void 523 usage(void) 524 { 525 526 fprintf(stderr, 527 "usage: %s [ fsoptions ] special-device\n", getprogname()); 528 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 529 fprintf(stderr, "%s", help_strings); 530 531 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 532 } 533