1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.107 2013/10/19 01:08:25 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * P I N G . C 37 * 38 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 39 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 40 * 41 * Author - 42 * Mike Muuss 43 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 44 * December, 1983 45 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 46 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 47 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 48 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 49 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 50 * 51 * Status - 52 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 53 * 54 * Bugs - 55 * More statistics could always be gathered. 56 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 57 */ 58 59 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 60 #ifndef lint 61 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.107 2013/10/19 01:08:25 christos Exp $"); 62 #endif 63 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stddef.h> 66 #include <errno.h> 67 #include <signal.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/types.h> 70 #include <sys/param.h> 71 #include <sys/socket.h> 72 #include <sys/file.h> 73 #include <termios.h> 74 #include <stdlib.h> 75 #include <unistd.h> 76 #include <poll.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <math.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 82 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 83 #include <netinet/in.h> 84 #include <netinet/ip.h> 85 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 86 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 87 #include <arpa/inet.h> 88 #include <ctype.h> 89 #include <netdb.h> 90 91 #ifdef IPSEC 92 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h> 93 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 94 95 #include "prog_ops.h" 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (IP_MAXPACKET-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 111 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 112 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 113 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 114 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 115 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 116 #define F_TIMING64 0x10000 /* 64 bit time, nanoseconds */ 117 #ifdef IPSEC 118 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 119 #define F_POLICY 0x20000 120 #else 121 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x20000 122 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x40000 123 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 124 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 125 126 127 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 128 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 129 * for duplicates. 130 */ 131 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 132 static u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 133 static int nrepeats = 0; 134 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 135 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 136 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 137 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 138 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 139 140 struct tv32 { 141 int32_t tv32_sec; 142 int32_t tv32_usec; 143 }; 144 145 146 static u_char *packet; 147 static int packlen; 148 static int pingflags = 0, options; 149 static int pongflags = 0; 150 static char *fill_pat; 151 152 static int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 153 static int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 154 155 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct tv32) /* size of timestamp header */ 156 #define PHDR64_LEN sizeof(struct timespec) /* size of timestamp header */ 157 static struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 158 static struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 159 static struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 160 static int datalen; /* How much data */ 161 static int phdrlen; 162 163 #ifndef __NetBSD__ 164 static char *progname; 165 #define getprogname() (progname) 166 #define setprogname(name) ((void)(progname = (name))) 167 #endif 168 169 static char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 170 171 static struct { 172 struct ip o_ip; 173 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 174 union { 175 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET+offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data)]; 176 struct icmp u_icmp; 177 } o_u; 178 } out_pack; 179 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 180 static struct ip *opack_ip; 181 182 static char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 183 static int optlen; 184 185 static int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 186 static int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 187 static int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 188 static int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 189 190 static int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 191 192 static double interval; /* interval between packets */ 193 static struct timespec interval_tv; 194 static double tmin = 999999999.0; 195 static double tmax = 0.0; 196 static double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 197 static double tsumsq = 0.0; 198 static double maxwait = 0.0; 199 200 #ifndef __minix 201 static int bufspace = IP_MAXPACKET; 202 #endif 203 204 static struct timespec now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 205 static struct timespec last_rx, first_rx; 206 static int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 207 208 static struct timespec jiggle_time; 209 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 210 211 __dead static void doit(void); 212 static void prefinish(int); 213 static void prtsig(int); 214 __dead static void finish(int); 215 static void summary(int); 216 static void pinger(void); 217 static void fill(void); 218 static void rnd_fill(void); 219 static double diffsec(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 220 #if 0 221 static void timespecadd(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 222 #endif 223 static void sec_to_timespec(const double, struct timespec *); 224 static double timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *); 225 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 226 static u_int16_t in_cksum(u_int16_t *, u_int); 227 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 228 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 229 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 230 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 231 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 232 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 233 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 234 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 235 __dead static void usage(void); 236 237 int 238 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 239 { 240 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 241 long l; 242 int len = -1, compat = 0; 243 u_char ttl = 0; 244 u_long tos = 0; 245 char *p; 246 #ifdef IPSEC 247 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 248 char *policy_in = NULL; 249 char *policy_out = NULL; 250 #endif 251 #endif 252 #ifdef SIGINFO 253 struct sigaction sa; 254 #endif 255 256 if (prog_init && prog_init() == -1) 257 err(1, "init failed"); 258 259 if ((s = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 260 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 261 if ((sloop = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 262 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 263 264 #ifndef __minix 265 /* 266 * sloop is never read on. This prevents packets from 267 * queueing in its recv buffer. 268 */ 269 if (prog_shutdown(sloop, SHUT_RD) == -1) 270 warn("Cannot shutdown for read"); 271 #endif 272 273 if (prog_setuid(prog_getuid()) == -1) 274 err(1, "setuid"); 275 276 setprogname(argv[0]); 277 278 #ifndef IPSEC 279 #define IPSECOPT 280 #else 281 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 282 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 283 #else 284 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 285 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 286 #endif 287 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 288 "ac:CdDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 289 #undef IPSECOPT 290 switch (c) { 291 case 'a': 292 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 293 break; 294 case 'C': 295 compat = 1; 296 break; 297 case 'c': 298 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 299 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 300 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 301 break; 302 case 'D': 303 pingflags |= F_DF; 304 break; 305 case 'd': 306 options |= SO_DEBUG; 307 break; 308 case 'f': 309 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 310 break; 311 case 'h': 312 hostind = optind-1; 313 break; 314 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 315 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 316 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 317 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 318 break; 319 case 'l': 320 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 321 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 322 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 323 optarg); 324 break; 325 case 'n': 326 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 327 break; 328 case 'o': 329 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 330 break; 331 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 332 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 333 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 334 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 335 fill_pat = optarg; 336 break; 337 case 'P': 338 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 339 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 340 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 341 break; 342 case 'q': 343 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 344 break; 345 case 'Q': 346 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 347 break; 348 case 'r': 349 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 350 break; 351 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 352 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 353 if (*p != '\0' || l < 0) 354 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 355 if (l > MAXPACKET) 356 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 357 len = (int)l; 358 break; 359 case 'v': 360 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 361 break; 362 case 'R': 363 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 364 break; 365 case 'L': 366 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 367 break; 368 case 't': 369 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 370 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 371 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 372 break; 373 case 'T': 374 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 375 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 376 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 377 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 378 break; 379 case 'I': 380 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 381 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 382 break; 383 case 'g': 384 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 385 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 386 break; 387 case 'w': 388 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 389 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 390 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 391 break; 392 #ifdef IPSEC 393 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 394 case 'E': 395 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 396 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) { 397 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 398 if (!policy_in) 399 err(1, "strdup"); 400 } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) { 401 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 402 if (!policy_out) 403 err(1, "strdup"); 404 } else 405 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 406 break; 407 #else 408 case 'A': 409 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 410 break; 411 case 'E': 412 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 413 break; 414 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 415 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 416 default: 417 usage(); 418 break; 419 } 420 } 421 422 if (interval == 0) 423 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 424 #ifndef sgi 425 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && prog_getuid()) 426 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 427 if (interval < 1.0 && prog_getuid()) 428 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 429 if (preload > 0 && prog_getuid()) 430 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 431 #endif 432 sec_to_timespec(interval, &interval_tv); 433 434 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 435 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 436 437 if (npackets != 0) { 438 npackets += preload; 439 } else { 440 npackets = INT_MAX; 441 } 442 443 if (hostind == 0) { 444 if (optind != argc-1) 445 usage(); 446 else 447 hostind = optind; 448 } 449 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 450 usage(); 451 452 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 453 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 454 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 455 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 456 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 457 458 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 459 loc_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 460 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127 << 24) + 1); 461 462 if (len != -1) 463 datalen = len; 464 else 465 datalen = 64; 466 if (!compat && datalen >= (int)PHDR64_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 467 pingflags |= F_TIMING64; 468 phdrlen = PHDR64_LEN; 469 } else if (datalen >= (int)PHDR_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 470 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 471 phdrlen = PHDR_LEN; 472 } else 473 phdrlen = 0; 474 475 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 476 datalen -= phdrlen; 477 if ((packet = malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 478 err(1, "Out of memory"); 479 480 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 481 fill(); 482 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 483 rnd_fill(); 484 } else { 485 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) 486 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 487 } 488 489 ident = arc4random() & 0xFFFF; 490 491 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 492 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 493 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 494 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 495 } 496 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 497 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 498 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 499 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 500 } 501 502 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 503 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 504 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 505 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 506 } 507 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 508 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 509 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 510 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 511 } 512 513 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 514 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 515 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 516 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 517 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 518 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 519 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 520 } 521 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 522 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 523 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 524 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 525 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 526 } 527 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 528 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 529 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 530 - optlen); 531 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 532 533 #ifndef __minix 534 if (prog_setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 535 (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 536 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 537 #endif 538 539 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 540 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 541 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 542 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 543 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 544 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 545 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 546 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 547 548 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 549 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 550 u_char loop = 0; 551 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, 552 IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 553 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 554 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 555 } 556 557 if (ttl != 0 558 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 559 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 560 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 561 562 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 563 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 564 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 565 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 566 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 567 568 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 569 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 570 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 571 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 572 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 573 } 574 #ifdef IPSEC 575 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 576 { 577 char *buf; 578 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 579 if (policy_in != NULL) { 580 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 581 if (buf == NULL) 582 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 583 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 584 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 585 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 586 } 587 free(buf); 588 } 589 if (policy_out != NULL) { 590 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 591 if (buf == NULL) 592 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 593 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 594 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 595 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 596 } 597 free(buf); 598 } 599 } 600 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 601 if (buf == NULL) 602 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 603 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 604 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 605 #if 0 606 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 607 #else 608 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 609 #endif 610 } 611 free(buf); 612 } 613 #else 614 { 615 int optval; 616 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 617 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 618 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 619 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 620 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 621 #else 622 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 623 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 624 #endif 625 } 626 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 627 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 628 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 629 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 630 } 631 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 632 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 633 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 634 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 635 #else 636 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 637 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 638 #endif 639 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 640 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 641 } 642 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 643 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 644 645 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 646 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen + phdrlen); 647 648 #ifndef __minix 649 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 650 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 651 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 652 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 653 */ 654 while (0 > prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 655 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 656 if ((bufspace -= 4096) <= 0) 657 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 658 } 659 660 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 661 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 662 */ 663 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 664 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 665 #endif 666 667 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 668 669 #ifdef SIGINFO 670 sa.sa_handler = prtsig; 671 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOKERNINFO; 672 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); 673 (void)sigaction(SIGINFO, &sa, NULL); 674 #else 675 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 676 #endif 677 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 678 679 /* fire off them quickies */ 680 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 681 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 682 pinger(); 683 } 684 685 doit(); 686 return 0; 687 } 688 689 690 static void 691 doit(void) 692 { 693 int cc; 694 struct sockaddr_in from; 695 socklen_t fromlen; 696 double sec, last, d_last; 697 struct pollfd fdmaskp[1]; 698 699 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 700 if (maxwait != 0) { 701 last = timespec_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 702 d_last = 0; 703 } else { 704 last = 0; 705 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 706 } 707 708 do { 709 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 710 711 if (last != 0) 712 d_last = last - timespec_to_sec(&now); 713 714 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 715 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 716 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 717 if (sec <= 0.0001 || 718 (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 719 pinger(); 720 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 721 } 722 if (sec < 0.0) 723 sec = 0.0; 724 if (d_last < sec) 725 sec = d_last; 726 727 } else { 728 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 729 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 730 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 731 */ 732 sec = MAX(2 * tmax, 10 * interval) - 733 diffsec(&now, &last_tx); 734 if (d_last < sec) 735 sec = d_last; 736 if (sec <= 0) 737 break; 738 } 739 740 fdmaskp[0].fd = s; 741 fdmaskp[0].events = POLLIN; 742 cc = prog_poll(fdmaskp, 1, (int)(sec * 1000)); 743 if (cc <= 0) { 744 if (cc < 0) { 745 if (errno == EINTR) 746 continue; 747 jiggle_flush(1); 748 err(1, "poll"); 749 } 750 continue; 751 } 752 753 fromlen = sizeof(from); 754 cc = prog_recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 755 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 756 &fromlen); 757 if (cc < 0) { 758 perror("recvfrom failed"); 759 if (errno != EINTR) { 760 jiggle_flush(1); 761 warn("recvfrom"); 762 (void)fflush(stderr); 763 } 764 continue; 765 } 766 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 767 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 768 769 } while (nreceived < npackets 770 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 771 772 finish(0); 773 } 774 775 776 static void 777 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 778 { 779 int serrno = errno; 780 781 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 782 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 783 jiggle_direction = 1; 784 do { 785 (void)putchar('.'); 786 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 787 788 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 789 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 790 jiggle_direction = -1; 791 do { 792 (void)putchar('\b'); 793 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 794 } 795 796 if (nl) { 797 if (total_jiggled != 0) 798 (void)putchar('\n'); 799 total_jiggled = 0; 800 jiggle_direction = -1; 801 } 802 803 (void)fflush(stdout); 804 (void)fflush(stderr); 805 jiggle_time = now; 806 errno = serrno; 807 } 808 809 810 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 811 */ 812 static void 813 jiggle(int delta) 814 { 815 double dt; 816 817 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 818 return; 819 820 /* do not back up into messages */ 821 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 822 return; 823 824 jiggle_cnt += delta; 825 826 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 827 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 828 */ 829 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 830 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 831 jiggle_flush(0); 832 } 833 834 835 /* 836 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 837 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 838 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first phdrlen bytes 839 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 840 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time, or a UNIX "timespec" in native 841 * format. 842 */ 843 static void 844 pinger(void) 845 { 846 struct tv32 tv32; 847 #ifndef __minix 848 int i, cc, sw; 849 #else 850 int i, cc; 851 #endif 852 853 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 854 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted)); 855 856 #ifndef __minix 857 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 858 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 859 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 860 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 861 * black holes come and go. 862 */ 863 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 864 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 865 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 866 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 867 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, 868 phdrlen); 869 sw = 0; 870 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 871 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 872 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 873 if (prog_sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, 874 ICMP_MINLEN, MSG_DONTROUTE, 875 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 876 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 877 /* 878 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 879 * mode because people get confused when they see 880 * this error when they are running in single user 881 * mode and they have not configured lo0 882 */ 883 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 884 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 885 } 886 sw = 1; 887 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 888 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 889 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 890 891 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 892 } 893 #endif 894 895 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 896 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 897 898 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 899 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec); 900 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_nsec / 1000); 901 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &tv32, sizeof(tv32)); 902 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 903 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 904 905 cc = MAX(datalen, ICMP_MINLEN) + phdrlen; 906 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 907 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, cc); 908 909 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 910 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 911 i = prog_sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 912 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 913 914 if (i != cc) { 915 jiggle_flush(1); 916 if (i < 0) 917 warn("sendto"); 918 else 919 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 920 (void)fflush(stderr); 921 } 922 lastrcvd = 0; 923 924 CLR(ntransmitted); 925 ntransmitted++; 926 927 last_tx = now; 928 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 929 first_tx = now; 930 next_tx = now; 931 } 932 933 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 934 * second when going at one packet per second. 935 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 936 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 937 */ 938 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 939 do { 940 timespecadd(&next_tx, &interval_tv, &next_tx); 941 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 942 } 943 944 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 945 jiggle(1); 946 947 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 948 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 949 */ 950 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 951 rnd_fill(); 952 } 953 954 955 static void 956 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 957 char *addr, 958 int seqno, 959 int dupflag, 960 int ttl, 961 double triptime) 962 { 963 jiggle_flush(1); 964 965 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 966 return; 967 968 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 969 if (dupflag) 970 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 971 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 972 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 973 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 974 975 (void)printf(" time=%.*f ms", prec, triptime*1000.0); 976 } 977 978 /* 979 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 980 * to go to a terminal.. 981 */ 982 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 983 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 984 } 985 986 987 /* 988 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 989 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 990 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 991 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 992 */ 993 static void 994 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 995 int tot_len, 996 struct sockaddr_in *from) 997 { 998 struct ip *ip; 999 struct icmp *icp; 1000 int i, j, net_len; 1001 u_char *cp; 1002 static int old_rrlen; 1003 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 1004 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 1005 double triptime = 0.0; 1006 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 1007 dumped = 1; \ 1008 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 1009 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq), \ 1010 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 1011 1012 /* Check the IP header */ 1013 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 1014 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1015 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 1016 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1017 jiggle_flush(1); 1018 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 1019 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1020 } 1021 return; 1022 } 1023 1024 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1025 dumped = 0; 1026 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 1027 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1028 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 1029 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 1030 1031 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted-1))) 1032 lastrcvd = 1; 1033 last_rx = now; 1034 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 1035 first_rx = last_rx; 1036 nreceived++; 1037 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 1038 struct timespec tv; 1039 1040 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 1041 struct tv32 tv32; 1042 1043 (void)memcpy(&tv32, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv32)); 1044 tv.tv_sec = (uint32_t)ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1045 tv.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec) * 1000; 1046 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 1047 (void)memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 1048 else 1049 memset(&tv, 0, sizeof(tv)); /* XXX: gcc */ 1050 1051 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 1052 tsum += triptime; 1053 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1054 if (triptime < tmin) 1055 tmin = triptime; 1056 if (triptime > tmax) 1057 tmax = triptime; 1058 } 1059 1060 if (TST(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1061 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1062 dupflag=1; 1063 } else { 1064 SET(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq)); 1065 } 1066 1067 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1068 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1069 switch (opack_ip->ip_len - tot_len) { 1070 case MAX_IPOPTLEN: 1071 if ((pongflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) != 0) 1072 break; 1073 if ((pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) == 0) 1074 goto out; 1075 pongflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 1076 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1077 "support record route"); 1078 break; 1079 case 8: 1080 if ((pongflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) != 0) 1081 break; 1082 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) == 0) 1083 goto out; 1084 pongflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 1085 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1086 "support source route"); 1087 break; 1088 default: 1089 out: 1090 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d " 1091 "instead of %d", tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1092 break; 1093 } 1094 } 1095 1096 if (!dupflag) { 1097 static u_int16_t last_seqno = 0xffff; 1098 u_int16_t seqno = ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq); 1099 u_int16_t gap = seqno - (last_seqno + 1); 1100 if (gap > 0 && gap < 0x8000 && 1101 (pingflags & F_VERBOSE)) { 1102 (void)printf("[*** sequence gap of %u " 1103 "packets from %u ... %u ***]\n", gap, 1104 (u_int16_t) (last_seqno + 1), 1105 (u_int16_t) (seqno - 1)); 1106 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1107 summary(0); 1108 } 1109 1110 if (gap < 0x8000) 1111 last_seqno = seqno; 1112 } 1113 1114 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1115 return; 1116 1117 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1118 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1119 1120 /* check the data */ 1121 if ((size_t)(tot_len - hlen) > 1122 offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data) + datalen 1123 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1124 && memcmp(icp->icmp_data + phdrlen, 1125 opack_icmp.icmp_data + phdrlen, 1126 datalen - phdrlen)) { 1127 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1128 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1129 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1130 break; 1131 } 1132 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1133 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1134 " %#x but was %#x", i, 1135 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1136 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1137 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1138 if ((i % 16) == 0) 1139 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1140 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1141 } 1142 } 1143 1144 } else { 1145 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1146 return; 1147 dumped = 2; 1148 } 1149 1150 /* Display any IP options */ 1151 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1152 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1153 switch (*cp) { 1154 case IPOPT_EOL: 1155 hlen = 0; 1156 break; 1157 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1158 hlen -= 2; 1159 j = *++cp; 1160 ++cp; 1161 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1162 if (j <= 0) 1163 continue; 1164 if (dumped <= 1) { 1165 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1166 hlen -= j; 1167 cp += j; 1168 break; 1169 } 1170 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1171 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1172 for (;;) { 1173 pr_saddr(cp); 1174 cp += 4; 1175 hlen -= 4; 1176 j -= 4; 1177 if (j <= 0) 1178 break; 1179 (void)putchar('\n'); 1180 } 1181 break; 1182 case IPOPT_RR: 1183 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1184 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1185 hlen -= 2; 1186 if (i > j) 1187 i = j; 1188 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1189 if (i <= 0) 1190 continue; 1191 if (dumped <= 1) { 1192 if (i == old_rrlen 1193 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1194 if (dumped) 1195 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1196 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1197 hlen -= j; 1198 cp += j; 1199 break; 1200 } 1201 old_rrlen = i; 1202 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1203 } 1204 if (!dumped) { 1205 jiggle_flush(1); 1206 (void)printf("RR: "); 1207 dumped = 1; 1208 } else { 1209 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1210 } 1211 for (;;) { 1212 pr_saddr(cp); 1213 cp += 4; 1214 hlen -= 4; 1215 i -= 4; 1216 if (i <= 0) 1217 break; 1218 (void)putchar('\n'); 1219 } 1220 break; 1221 case IPOPT_NOP: 1222 if (dumped <= 1) 1223 break; 1224 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1225 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1226 break; 1227 #ifdef sgi 1228 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1229 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1230 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1231 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1232 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1233 hlen -= i - 1; 1234 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1235 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1236 while (i--) { 1237 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1238 } 1239 cp--; 1240 break; 1241 } 1242 #endif 1243 default: 1244 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1245 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1246 break; 1247 } 1248 hlen--; 1249 cp++; 1250 } 1251 1252 if (dumped) { 1253 (void)putchar('\n'); 1254 (void)fflush(stdout); 1255 } else { 1256 jiggle(-1); 1257 } 1258 } 1259 1260 1261 /* Compute the IP checksum 1262 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1263 */ 1264 static u_int16_t 1265 in_cksum(u_int16_t *p, u_int len) 1266 { 1267 u_int32_t sum = 0; 1268 int nwords = len >> 1; 1269 1270 while (nwords-- != 0) 1271 sum += *p++; 1272 1273 if (len & 1) { 1274 union { 1275 u_int16_t w; 1276 u_int8_t c[2]; 1277 } u; 1278 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1279 u.c[1] = 0; 1280 sum += u.w; 1281 } 1282 1283 /* end-around-carry */ 1284 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1285 sum += (sum >> 16); 1286 return (~sum); 1287 } 1288 1289 1290 /* 1291 * compute the difference of two timespecs in seconds 1292 */ 1293 static double 1294 diffsec(struct timespec *timenow, 1295 struct timespec *then) 1296 { 1297 if (timenow->tv_sec == 0) 1298 return -1; 1299 return (timenow->tv_sec - then->tv_sec) 1300 * 1.0 + (timenow->tv_nsec - then->tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0; 1301 } 1302 1303 1304 #if 0 1305 static void 1306 timespecadd(struct timespec *t1, 1307 struct timespec *t2) 1308 { 1309 1310 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1311 if ((t1->tv_nsec += t2->tv_nsec) >= 1000000000) { 1312 t1->tv_sec++; 1313 t1->tv_nsec -= 1000000000; 1314 } 1315 } 1316 #endif 1317 1318 1319 static void 1320 sec_to_timespec(const double sec, struct timespec *tp) 1321 { 1322 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1323 tp->tv_nsec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000000.0; 1324 } 1325 1326 1327 static double 1328 timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *tp) 1329 { 1330 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_nsec / 1000000000.0; 1331 } 1332 1333 1334 /* 1335 * Print statistics. 1336 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1337 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1338 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1339 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1340 */ 1341 static void 1342 summary(int header) 1343 { 1344 jiggle_flush(1); 1345 1346 if (header) 1347 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1348 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1349 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1350 if (nrepeats) 1351 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1352 if (ntransmitted) { 1353 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1354 (void)printf("-- somebody's duplicating packets!"); 1355 else 1356 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1357 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1358 ntransmitted)); 1359 } 1360 (void)printf("\n"); 1361 if (nreceived && (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64))) { 1362 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1363 double avg = (tsum / n); 1364 double variance = 0.0; 1365 const unsigned int prec = (pingflags & F_TIMING64) != 0 ? 6 : 3; 1366 if (n>1) 1367 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1368 1369 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1370 "%.*f/%.*f/%.*f/%.*f ms\n", 1371 prec, tmin * 1000.0, 1372 prec, avg * 1000.0, 1373 prec, tmax * 1000.0, 1374 prec, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1375 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1376 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1377 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1378 if (r == 0) 1379 r = 0.0001; 1380 if (t == 0) 1381 t = 0.0001; 1382 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1383 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1384 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1385 } 1386 } 1387 } 1388 1389 1390 /* 1391 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1392 */ 1393 /* ARGSUSED */ 1394 static void 1395 prtsig(int dummy) 1396 { 1397 1398 summary(0); 1399 #ifndef SIGINFO 1400 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1401 #endif 1402 } 1403 1404 1405 /* 1406 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1407 */ 1408 static void 1409 prefinish(int dummy) 1410 { 1411 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1412 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1413 finish(0); 1414 1415 (void)signal(dummy, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1416 1417 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1418 npackets = ntransmitted; 1419 } 1420 1421 /* 1422 * Print statistics and give up. 1423 */ 1424 /* ARGSUSED */ 1425 static void 1426 finish(int dummy) 1427 { 1428 #ifdef SIGINFO 1429 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_DFL); 1430 #else 1431 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1432 #endif 1433 1434 summary(1); 1435 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1436 } 1437 1438 1439 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1440 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1441 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1442 int cc, 1443 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1444 { 1445 int hlen; 1446 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1447 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1448 int res; 1449 1450 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1451 res = 1; 1452 jiggle_flush(1); 1453 } else { 1454 res = 0; 1455 } 1456 1457 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1458 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1459 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1460 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1461 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1462 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1463 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1464 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1465 * of our packets. 1466 */ 1467 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1468 1469 if (!res && override 1470 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1471 jiggle_flush(1); 1472 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1473 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1474 res = 1; 1475 } 1476 } 1477 } 1478 1479 return res; 1480 } 1481 1482 1483 /* 1484 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1485 */ 1486 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1487 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1488 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1489 int cc) 1490 { 1491 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1492 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1493 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1494 return 0; 1495 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1496 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1497 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1498 break; 1499 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1500 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1501 break; 1502 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1503 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1504 break; 1505 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1506 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1507 break; 1508 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1509 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1510 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1511 break; 1512 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1513 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1514 break; 1515 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1516 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1517 break; 1518 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1519 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1520 break; 1521 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1522 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1523 break; 1524 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1525 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1526 break; 1527 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1528 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1529 break; 1530 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1531 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1532 break; 1533 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1534 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1535 break; 1536 case 13: 1537 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1538 break; 1539 case 14: 1540 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1541 break; 1542 case 15: 1543 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1544 break; 1545 default: 1546 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1547 icp->icmp_code); 1548 break; 1549 } 1550 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1551 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1552 break; 1553 1554 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1555 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1556 return 0; 1557 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1558 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1559 break; 1560 1561 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1562 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1563 return 0; 1564 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1565 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1566 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1567 break; 1568 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1569 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1570 break; 1571 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1572 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1573 break; 1574 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1575 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1576 break; 1577 default: 1578 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1579 break; 1580 } 1581 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1582 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1583 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1584 break; 1585 1586 case ICMP_ECHO: 1587 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1588 return 0; 1589 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1590 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1591 break; 1592 1593 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1594 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1595 #if 0 1596 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1597 return 0; 1598 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1599 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1600 break; 1601 #else 1602 return 0; 1603 #endif 1604 1605 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1606 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1607 return 0; 1608 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1609 break; 1610 1611 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1612 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1613 return 0; 1614 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1615 break; 1616 1617 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1618 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1619 return 0; 1620 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1621 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1622 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1623 break; 1624 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1625 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1626 break; 1627 default: 1628 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1629 icp->icmp_code); 1630 break; 1631 } 1632 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1633 break; 1634 1635 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1636 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1637 return 0; 1638 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1639 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1640 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1641 break; 1642 1643 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1644 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1645 return 0; 1646 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1647 break; 1648 1649 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1650 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1651 return 0; 1652 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1653 break; 1654 1655 case ICMP_IREQ: 1656 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1657 return 0; 1658 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1659 break; 1660 1661 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1662 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1663 return 0; 1664 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1665 break; 1666 1667 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1668 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1669 return 0; 1670 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1671 break; 1672 1673 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1674 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1675 return 0; 1676 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1677 break; 1678 1679 default: 1680 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1681 return 0; 1682 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1683 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1684 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1685 } 1686 1687 return 1; 1688 } 1689 1690 1691 /* 1692 * Print an IP header with options. 1693 */ 1694 static void 1695 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1696 int cc) 1697 { 1698 int hlen; 1699 u_char *cp; 1700 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1701 1702 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1703 1704 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1705 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1706 1707 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1708 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1709 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1710 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1711 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1712 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1713 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1714 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1715 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1716 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1717 /* dump any option bytes */ 1718 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1719 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1720 } 1721 } 1722 1723 /* 1724 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1725 */ 1726 static void 1727 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1728 { 1729 n_long l; 1730 struct in_addr addr; 1731 1732 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1733 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1734 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1735 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1736 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1737 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1738 } 1739 1740 1741 /* 1742 * Return an ASCII host address 1743 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1744 */ 1745 static char * 1746 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1747 { 1748 struct hostent *hp; 1749 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1750 1751 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1752 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1753 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1754 } else { 1755 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1756 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1757 } 1758 1759 return buf; 1760 } 1761 1762 /* 1763 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1764 */ 1765 static void 1766 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1767 int cc) 1768 { 1769 int hlen; 1770 u_char *cp; 1771 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1772 1773 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1774 1775 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1776 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1777 1778 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1779 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1780 1781 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1782 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1783 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1784 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1785 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1786 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1787 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1788 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1789 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1790 struct icmp icp2; 1791 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1792 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1793 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1794 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1795 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_id), 1796 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1797 else 1798 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1799 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1800 } 1801 } 1802 } 1803 1804 static void 1805 fill(void) 1806 { 1807 int i, j, k; 1808 char *cp; 1809 int pat[16]; 1810 1811 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1812 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1813 break; 1814 } 1815 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1816 (void)fflush(stdout); 1817 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1818 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1819 fill_pat); 1820 } 1821 1822 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1823 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1824 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1825 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1826 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1827 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1828 1829 for (k = phdrlen, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1830 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1831 if (++j >= i) 1832 j = 0; 1833 } 1834 1835 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1836 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1837 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1838 (void)printf("%02x", 1839 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[phdrlen + j]); 1840 (void)printf("\n"); 1841 } 1842 1843 } 1844 1845 1846 static void 1847 rnd_fill(void) 1848 { 1849 static u_int32_t rnd; 1850 int i; 1851 1852 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1853 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1854 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1855 } 1856 } 1857 1858 1859 static void 1860 gethost(const char *arg, 1861 const char *name, 1862 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1863 char *realname, 1864 int realname_len) 1865 { 1866 struct hostent *hp; 1867 1868 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1869 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1870 sa->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 1871 1872 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1873 * have something nice to display. 1874 */ 1875 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1876 if (realname) { 1877 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1878 hp = 0; 1879 else 1880 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1881 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1882 AF_INET); 1883 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1884 realname_len); 1885 } 1886 return; 1887 } 1888 1889 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1890 if (!hp) 1891 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1892 1893 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1894 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1895 1896 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1897 1898 if (realname) 1899 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1900 } 1901 1902 1903 static void 1904 usage(void) 1905 { 1906 #ifdef IPSEC 1907 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1908 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1909 #else 1910 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1911 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1912 #else 1913 #define IPSECOPT "" 1914 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1915 1916 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: \n" 1917 "%s [-aCDdfLnoPQqRrv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1918 " [-I addr] [-i interval]\n" 1919 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-T ttl] [-t tos]" 1920 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1921 getprogname()); 1922 exit(1); 1923 } 1924