xref: /minix/sys/ufs/ufs/dir.h (revision 0a6a1f1d)
1 /*	$NetBSD: dir.h,v 1.25 2015/09/01 06:16:03 dholland Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
7  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
8  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
9  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
10  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)dir.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/27/95
37  */
38 
39 #ifndef _UFS_UFS_DIR_H_
40 #define	_UFS_UFS_DIR_H_
41 
42 /*
43  * Theoretically, directories can be more than 2Gb in length; however, in
44  * practice this seems unlikely. So, we define the type doff_t as a 32-bit
45  * quantity to keep down the cost of doing lookup on a 32-bit machine.
46  */
47 #define	doff_t		int32_t
48 #define	UFS_MAXDIRSIZE	(0x7fffffff)
49 
50 /*
51  * A directory consists of some number of blocks of UFS_DIRBLKSIZ
52  * bytes, where UFS_DIRBLKSIZ is chosen such that it can be transferred
53  * to disk in a single atomic operation (e.g. 512 bytes on most machines).
54  *
55  * Each UFS_DIRBLKSIZ byte block contains some number of directory entry
56  * structures, which are of variable length.  Each directory entry has
57  * a struct direct at the front of it, containing its inode number,
58  * the length of the entry, and the length of the name contained in
59  * the entry.  These are followed by the name padded to a 4 byte boundary.
60  * All names are guaranteed null terminated.
61  * The maximum length of a name in a directory is FFS_MAXNAMLEN.
62  *
63  * The macro UFS_DIRSIZ(fmt, dp) gives the amount of space required to represent
64  * a directory entry.  Free space in a directory is represented by
65  * entries which have dp->d_reclen > DIRSIZ(fmt, dp).  All UFS_DIRBLKSIZ bytes
66  * in a directory block are claimed by the directory entries.  This
67  * usually results in the last entry in a directory having a large
68  * dp->d_reclen.  When entries are deleted from a directory, the
69  * space is returned to the previous entry in the same directory
70  * block by increasing its dp->d_reclen.  If the first entry of
71  * a directory block is free, then its dp->d_ino is set to 0.
72  * Entries other than the first in a directory do not normally have
73  * dp->d_ino set to 0.
74  */
75 #undef	UFS_DIRBLKSIZ
76 #define	UFS_DIRBLKSIZ	DEV_BSIZE
77 #define	FFS_MAXNAMLEN	255
78 #define APPLEUFS_DIRBLKSIZ 1024
79 
80 #define d_ino d_fileno
81 struct	direct {
82 	u_int32_t d_fileno;		/* inode number of entry */
83 	u_int16_t d_reclen;		/* length of this record */
84 	u_int8_t  d_type; 		/* file type, see below */
85 	u_int8_t  d_namlen;		/* length of string in d_name */
86 	char	  d_name[FFS_MAXNAMLEN + 1];/* name with length <= FFS_MAXNAMLEN */
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * File types
91  */
92 #define	DT_UNKNOWN	 0
93 #define	DT_FIFO		 1
94 #define	DT_CHR		 2
95 #define	DT_DIR		 4
96 #define	DT_BLK		 6
97 #define	DT_REG		 8
98 #define	DT_LNK		10
99 #define	DT_SOCK		12
100 #define	DT_WHT		14
101 
102 /*
103  * Convert between stat structure types and directory types.
104  */
105 #define	IFTODT(mode)	(((mode) & 0170000) >> 12)
106 #define	DTTOIF(dirtype)	((dirtype) << 12)
107 
108 /*
109  * The UFS_DIRSIZ macro gives the minimum record length which will hold
110  * the directory entry.  This requires the amount of space in struct direct
111  * without the d_name field, plus enough space for the name with a terminating
112  * null byte (dp->d_namlen+1), rounded up to a 4 byte boundary.
113  */
114 #define	UFS_DIRECTSIZ(namlen) \
115 	((sizeof(struct direct) - (FFS_MAXNAMLEN+1)) + (((namlen)+1 + 3) &~ 3))
116 
117 #if (BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN)
118 #define UFS_DIRSIZ(oldfmt, dp, needswap)	\
119     (((oldfmt) && !(needswap)) ?		\
120     UFS_DIRECTSIZ((dp)->d_type) : UFS_DIRECTSIZ((dp)->d_namlen))
121 #else
122 #define UFS_DIRSIZ(oldfmt, dp, needswap)	\
123     (((oldfmt) && (needswap)) ?			\
124     UFS_DIRECTSIZ((dp)->d_type) : UFS_DIRECTSIZ((dp)->d_namlen))
125 #endif
126 
127 /*
128  * UFS_OLDDIRFMT and UFS_NEWDIRFMT are code numbers for a directory
129  * format change that happened in ffs a long time ago. (Back in the
130  * 80s, if I'm not mistaken.)
131  *
132  * These code numbers do not appear on disk. They're generated from
133  * runtime logic that is cued by other things, which is why
134  * UFS_OLDDIRFMT is confusingly 1 and UFS_NEWDIRFMT is confusingly 0.
135  *
136  * Relatedly, the FFS_EI byte swapping logic for directories is a
137  * horrible mess. For example, to access the namlen field, one
138  * currently does the following:
139  *
140  * #if (BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN)
141  *         swap = (UFS_IPNEEDSWAP(VTOI(vp)) == 0);
142  * #else
143  *         swap = (UFS_IPNEEDSWAP(VTOI(vp)) != 0);
144  * #endif
145  *         return ((FSFMT(vp) && swap) ? dp->d_type : dp->d_namlen);
146  *
147  * UFS_IPNEEDSWAP() returns true if the volume is opposite-endian. This
148  * horrible "swap" logic is cutpasted all over everywhere but amounts
149  * to the following:
150  *
151  *    running code      volume          lfs_dobyteswap  "swap"
152  *    ----------------------------------------------------------
153  *    LITTLE_ENDIAN     LITTLE_ENDIAN   false           true
154  *    LITTLE_ENDIAN     BIG_ENDIAN      true            false
155  *    BIG_ENDIAN        LITTLE_ENDIAN   true            true
156  *    BIG_ENDIAN        BIG_ENDIAN      false           false
157  *
158  * which you'll note boils down to "volume is little-endian".
159  *
160  * Meanwhile, FSFMT(vp) yields UFS_OLDDIRFMT or UFS_NEWDIRFMT via
161  * perverted logic of its own. Since UFS_OLDDIRFMT is 1 (contrary to
162  * what one might expect approaching this cold) what this mess means
163  * is: on OLDDIRFMT volumes that are little-endian, we read the
164  * namlen value out of the type field. This is because on OLDDIRFMT
165  * volumes there is no d_type field, just a 16-bit d_namlen; so if
166  * the 16-bit d_namlen is little-endian, the useful part of it is
167  * in the first byte, which in the NEWDIRFMT structure is the d_type
168  * field.
169  */
170 
171 #define UFS_OLDDIRFMT	1
172 #define UFS_NEWDIRFMT	0
173 
174 /*
175  * Template for manipulating directories.  Should use struct direct's,
176  * but the name field is FFS_MAXNAMLEN - 1, and this just won't do.
177  */
178 struct dirtemplate {
179 	u_int32_t	dot_ino;
180 	int16_t		dot_reclen;
181 	u_int8_t	dot_type;
182 	u_int8_t	dot_namlen;
183 	char		dot_name[4];	/* must be multiple of 4 */
184 	u_int32_t	dotdot_ino;
185 	int16_t		dotdot_reclen;
186 	u_int8_t	dotdot_type;
187 	u_int8_t	dotdot_namlen;
188 	char		dotdot_name[4];	/* ditto */
189 };
190 
191 /*
192  * This is the old format of directories, sans type element.
193  */
194 struct odirtemplate {
195 	u_int32_t	dot_ino;
196 	int16_t		dot_reclen;
197 	u_int16_t	dot_namlen;
198 	char		dot_name[4];	/* must be multiple of 4 */
199 	u_int32_t	dotdot_ino;
200 	int16_t		dotdot_reclen;
201 	u_int16_t	dotdot_namlen;
202 	char		dotdot_name[4];	/* ditto */
203 };
204 #endif /* !_UFS_UFS_DIR_H_ */
205