1 /* Opcode table for the ARC.
2    Copyright 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2010
3    Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4    Contributed by Doug Evans (dje@cygnus.com).
5 
6    This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler, GDB, the GNU debugger, and
7    the GNU Binutils.
8 
9    GAS/GDB is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
12    any later version.
13 
14    GAS/GDB is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
17    GNU General Public License for more details.
18 
19    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20    along with GAS or GDB; see the file COPYING3.  If not, write to
21    the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
22    MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
23 
24 /* List of the various cpu types.
25    The tables currently use bit masks to say whether the instruction or
26    whatever is supported by a particular cpu.  This lets us have one entry
27    apply to several cpus.
28 
29    The `base' cpu must be 0. The cpu type is treated independently of
30    endianness. The complete `mach' number includes endianness.
31    These values are internal to opcodes/bfd/binutils/gas.  */
32 #define ARC_MACH_5 0
33 #define ARC_MACH_6 1
34 #define ARC_MACH_7 2
35 #define ARC_MACH_8 4
36 
37 /* Additional cpu values can be inserted here and ARC_MACH_BIG moved down.  */
38 #define ARC_MACH_BIG 16
39 
40 /* Mask of number of bits necessary to record cpu type.  */
41 #define ARC_MACH_CPU_MASK (ARC_MACH_BIG - 1)
42 
43 /* Mask of number of bits necessary to record cpu type + endianness.  */
44 #define ARC_MACH_MASK ((ARC_MACH_BIG << 1) - 1)
45 
46 /* Type to denote an ARC instruction (at least a 32 bit unsigned int).  */
47 
48 typedef unsigned int arc_insn;
49 
50 struct arc_opcode {
51   char *syntax;              /* syntax of insn  */
52   unsigned long mask, value; /* recognize insn if (op&mask) == value  */
53   int flags;                 /* various flag bits  */
54 
55 /* Values for `flags'.  */
56 
57 /* Return CPU number, given flag bits.  */
58 #define ARC_OPCODE_CPU(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_CPU_MASK)
59 
60 /* Return MACH number, given flag bits.  */
61 #define ARC_OPCODE_MACH(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_MASK)
62 
63 /* First opcode flag bit available after machine mask.  */
64 #define ARC_OPCODE_FLAG_START (ARC_MACH_MASK + 1)
65 
66 /* This insn is a conditional branch.  */
67 #define ARC_OPCODE_COND_BRANCH (ARC_OPCODE_FLAG_START)
68 #define SYNTAX_3OP             (ARC_OPCODE_COND_BRANCH << 1)
69 #define SYNTAX_LENGTH          (SYNTAX_3OP                 )
70 #define SYNTAX_2OP             (SYNTAX_3OP             << 1)
71 #define OP1_MUST_BE_IMM        (SYNTAX_2OP             << 1)
72 #define OP1_IMM_IMPLIED        (OP1_MUST_BE_IMM        << 1)
73 #define SYNTAX_VALID           (OP1_IMM_IMPLIED        << 1)
74 
75 #define I(x) (((x) & 31) << 27)
76 #define A(x) (((x) & ARC_MASK_REG) << ARC_SHIFT_REGA)
77 #define B(x) (((x) & ARC_MASK_REG) << ARC_SHIFT_REGB)
78 #define C(x) (((x) & ARC_MASK_REG) << ARC_SHIFT_REGC)
79 #define R(x,b,m) (((x) & (m)) << (b)) /* value X, mask M, at bit B */
80 
81 /* These values are used to optimize assembly and disassembly.  Each insn
82    is on a list of related insns (same first letter for assembly, same
83    insn code for disassembly).  */
84 
85   struct arc_opcode *next_asm;	/* Next instr to try during assembly.  */
86   struct arc_opcode *next_dis;	/* Next instr to try during disassembly.  */
87 
88 /* Macros to create the hash values for the lists.  */
89 #define ARC_HASH_OPCODE(string) \
90   ((string)[0] >= 'a' && (string)[0] <= 'z' ? (string)[0] - 'a' : 26)
91 #define ARC_HASH_ICODE(insn) \
92   ((unsigned int) (insn) >> 27)
93 
94  /* Macros to access `next_asm', `next_dis' so users needn't care about the
95     underlying mechanism.  */
96 #define ARC_OPCODE_NEXT_ASM(op) ((op)->next_asm)
97 #define ARC_OPCODE_NEXT_DIS(op) ((op)->next_dis)
98 };
99 
100 /* this is an "insert at front" linked list per Metaware spec
101    that new definitions override older ones.  */
102 extern struct arc_opcode *arc_ext_opcodes;
103 
104 struct arc_operand_value {
105   char *name;          /* eg: "eq"  */
106   short value;         /* eg: 1  */
107   unsigned char type;  /* index into `arc_operands'  */
108   unsigned char flags; /* various flag bits  */
109 
110 /* Values for `flags'.  */
111 
112 /* Return CPU number, given flag bits.  */
113 #define ARC_OPVAL_CPU(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_CPU_MASK)
114 /* Return MACH number, given flag bits.  */
115 #define ARC_OPVAL_MACH(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_MASK)
116 };
117 
118 struct arc_ext_operand_value {
119   struct arc_ext_operand_value *next;
120   struct arc_operand_value operand;
121 };
122 
123 extern struct arc_ext_operand_value *arc_ext_operands;
124 
125 struct arc_operand {
126 /* One of the insn format chars.  */
127   unsigned char fmt;
128 
129 /* The number of bits in the operand (may be unused for a modifier).  */
130   unsigned char bits;
131 
132 /* How far the operand is left shifted in the instruction, or
133    the modifier's flag bit (may be unused for a modifier.  */
134   unsigned char shift;
135 
136 /* Various flag bits.  */
137   int flags;
138 
139 /* Values for `flags'.  */
140 
141 /* This operand is a suffix to the opcode.  */
142 #define ARC_OPERAND_SUFFIX 1
143 
144 /* This operand is a relative branch displacement.  The disassembler
145    prints these symbolically if possible.  */
146 #define ARC_OPERAND_RELATIVE_BRANCH 2
147 
148 /* This operand is an absolute branch address.  The disassembler
149    prints these symbolically if possible.  */
150 #define ARC_OPERAND_ABSOLUTE_BRANCH 4
151 
152 /* This operand is an address.  The disassembler
153    prints these symbolically if possible.  */
154 #define ARC_OPERAND_ADDRESS 8
155 
156 /* This operand is a long immediate value.  */
157 #define ARC_OPERAND_LIMM 0x10
158 
159 /* This operand takes signed values.  */
160 #define ARC_OPERAND_SIGNED 0x20
161 
162 /* This operand takes signed values, but also accepts a full positive
163    range of values.  That is, if bits is 16, it takes any value from
164    -0x8000 to 0xffff.  */
165 #define ARC_OPERAND_SIGNOPT 0x40
166 
167 /* This operand should be regarded as a negative number for the
168    purposes of overflow checking (i.e., the normal most negative
169    number is disallowed and one more than the normal most positive
170    number is allowed).  This flag will only be set for a signed
171    operand.  */
172 #define ARC_OPERAND_NEGATIVE 0x80
173 
174 /* This operand doesn't really exist.  The program uses these operands
175    in special ways.  */
176 #define ARC_OPERAND_FAKE 0x100
177 
178 /* separate flags operand for j and jl instructions  */
179 #define ARC_OPERAND_JUMPFLAGS 0x200
180 
181 /* allow warnings and errors to be issued after call to insert_xxxxxx  */
182 #define ARC_OPERAND_WARN  0x400
183 #define ARC_OPERAND_ERROR 0x800
184 
185 /* this is a load operand */
186 #define ARC_OPERAND_LOAD  0x8000
187 
188 /* this is a store operand */
189 #define ARC_OPERAND_STORE 0x10000
190 
191 /* Modifier values.  */
192 /* A dot is required before a suffix.  Eg: .le  */
193 #define ARC_MOD_DOT 0x1000
194 
195 /* A normal register is allowed (not used, but here for completeness).  */
196 #define ARC_MOD_REG 0x2000
197 
198 /* An auxiliary register name is expected.  */
199 #define ARC_MOD_AUXREG 0x4000
200 
201 /* Sum of all ARC_MOD_XXX bits.  */
202 #define ARC_MOD_BITS 0x7000
203 
204 /* Non-zero if the operand type is really a modifier.  */
205 #define ARC_MOD_P(X) ((X) & ARC_MOD_BITS)
206 
207 /* enforce read/write only register restrictions  */
208 #define ARC_REGISTER_READONLY    0x01
209 #define ARC_REGISTER_WRITEONLY   0x02
210 #define ARC_REGISTER_NOSHORT_CUT 0x04
211 
212 /* Insertion function.  This is used by the assembler.  To insert an
213    operand value into an instruction, check this field.
214 
215    If it is NULL, execute
216    i |= (p & ((1 << o->bits) - 1)) << o->shift;
217    (I is the instruction which we are filling in, O is a pointer to
218    this structure, and OP is the opcode value; this assumes twos
219    complement arithmetic).
220 
221    If this field is not NULL, then simply call it with the
222    instruction and the operand value.  It will return the new value
223    of the instruction.  If the ERRMSG argument is not NULL, then if
224    the operand value is illegal, *ERRMSG will be set to a warning
225    string (the operand will be inserted in any case).  If the
226    operand value is legal, *ERRMSG will be unchanged.
227 
228    REG is non-NULL when inserting a register value.  */
229 
230   arc_insn (*insert)
231     (arc_insn insn, const struct arc_operand *operand, int mods,
232      const struct arc_operand_value *reg, long value, const char **errmsg);
233 
234 /* Extraction function.  This is used by the disassembler.  To
235    extract this operand type from an instruction, check this field.
236 
237    If it is NULL, compute
238      op = ((i) >> o->shift) & ((1 << o->bits) - 1);
239      if ((o->flags & ARC_OPERAND_SIGNED) != 0
240           && (op & (1 << (o->bits - 1))) != 0)
241        op -= 1 << o->bits;
242    (I is the instruction, O is a pointer to this structure, and OP
243    is the result; this assumes twos complement arithmetic).
244 
245    If this field is not NULL, then simply call it with the
246    instruction value.  It will return the value of the operand.  If
247    the INVALID argument is not NULL, *INVALID will be set to
248    non-zero if this operand type can not actually be extracted from
249    this operand (i.e., the instruction does not match).  If the
250    operand is valid, *INVALID will not be changed.
251 
252    INSN is a pointer to an array of two `arc_insn's.  The first element is
253    the insn, the second is the limm if present.
254 
255    Operands that have a printable form like registers and suffixes have
256    their struct arc_operand_value pointer stored in OPVAL.  */
257 
258   long (*extract)
259     (arc_insn *insn, const struct arc_operand *operand, int mods,
260      const struct arc_operand_value **opval, int *invalid);
261 };
262 
263 /* Bits that say what version of cpu we have. These should be passed to
264    arc_init_opcode_tables. At present, all there is is the cpu type.  */
265 
266 /* CPU number, given value passed to `arc_init_opcode_tables'.  */
267 #define ARC_HAVE_CPU(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_CPU_MASK)
268 /* MACH number, given value passed to `arc_init_opcode_tables'.  */
269 #define ARC_HAVE_MACH(bits) ((bits) & ARC_MACH_MASK)
270 
271 /* Special register values:  */
272 #define ARC_REG_SHIMM_UPDATE 61
273 #define ARC_REG_SHIMM 63
274 #define ARC_REG_LIMM 62
275 
276 /* Non-zero if REG is a constant marker.  */
277 #define ARC_REG_CONSTANT_P(REG) ((REG) >= 61)
278 
279 /* Positions and masks of various fields:  */
280 #define ARC_SHIFT_REGA 21
281 #define ARC_SHIFT_REGB 15
282 #define ARC_SHIFT_REGC 9
283 #define ARC_MASK_REG 63
284 
285 /* Delay slot types.  */
286 #define ARC_DELAY_NONE 0   /* no delay slot */
287 #define ARC_DELAY_NORMAL 1 /* delay slot in both cases */
288 #define ARC_DELAY_JUMP 2   /* delay slot only if branch taken */
289 
290 /* Non-zero if X will fit in a signed 9 bit field.  */
291 #define ARC_SHIMM_CONST_P(x) ((long) (x) >= -256 && (long) (x) <= 255)
292 
293 extern const struct arc_operand arc_operands[];
294 extern const int arc_operand_count;
295 extern struct arc_opcode arc_opcodes[];
296 extern const int arc_opcodes_count;
297 extern const struct arc_operand_value arc_suffixes[];
298 extern const int arc_suffixes_count;
299 extern const struct arc_operand_value arc_reg_names[];
300 extern const int arc_reg_names_count;
301 extern unsigned char arc_operand_map[];
302 
303 /* Utility fns in arc-opc.c.  */
304 int arc_get_opcode_mach (int, int);
305 
306 /* `arc_opcode_init_tables' must be called before `arc_xxx_supported'.  */
307 void arc_opcode_init_tables (int);
308 void arc_opcode_init_insert (void);
309 void arc_opcode_init_extract (void);
310 const struct arc_opcode *arc_opcode_lookup_asm (const char *);
311 const struct arc_opcode *arc_opcode_lookup_dis (unsigned int);
312 int arc_opcode_limm_p (long *);
313 const struct arc_operand_value *arc_opcode_lookup_suffix
314   (const struct arc_operand *type, int value);
315 int arc_opcode_supported (const struct arc_opcode *);
316 int arc_opval_supported (const struct arc_operand_value *);
317 int arc_limm_fixup_adjust (arc_insn);
318 int arc_insn_is_j (arc_insn);
319 int arc_insn_not_jl (arc_insn);
320 int arc_operand_type (int);
321 struct arc_operand_value *get_ext_suffix (char *);
322 int arc_get_noshortcut_flag (void);
323