xref: /openbsd/distrib/notes/alpha/prep (revision 3e904a87)
1dnl	$OpenBSD: prep,v 1.36 2023/03/16 18:04:07 miod Exp $
2OpenBSD/MACHINE requires the SRM console.  Some alphas come with
3the AlphaBIOS (also known as the ARC firmware on older machines) instead;
4this is what Windows NT uses. It is fairly simple to replace the AlphaBIOS
5with the SRM firmware.
6
7Switching your MACHINE to SRM console:
8
9    AlphaServer class machines (except for models 300 and 400) and recent
10    enough machines (such as the Miata and later models) have enough
11    flash ROM space to carry both the AlphaBIOS and the SRM console.
12
13    To switch to SRM from AlphaBIOS, do the following:
14    - enter the AlphaBIOS setup upon startup
15      (F2 key, or Ctrl-B from serial console)
16    - choose "CMOS Setup" from the menu
17    - select "Advanced CMOS Setup" (F6 key, or Ctrl-F from serial console)
18    - change the "Console Selection" setting to "OpenVMS console (SRM)"
19    - confirm your changes with F10 (or Ctrl-U) twice, then enter.
20    - power-cycle your system for the changes to take effect.
21
22    If you didn't find a "Console Selection" entry (for example on 164SX or
23    164LX), your system can not hold both the AlphaBIOS and SRM console in
24    flash, and you will have to upgrade your firmware.
25
26    You can get replacement firmware either from a firmware update CD-ROM,
27    which can be downloaded from
28        https://archive.org/details/alphafwupcds
29
30    Note that, on most models, upgrading the firmware requires a jumper
31    to be moved on the motherboards; refer to the firmware update
32    instructions for details.
33
34AXPpci33 Motherboard specific notes:
35
36    The 1994 version of the OEM guide has an incorrect pinout for the
37    serial ports.  The newer version used to be available at
38	ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/axppci/design_guide.ps.Z
39    with a corrected pinout (as well as more information than the 1994
40    edition). Although ftp.digital.com does not exist anymore, a few
41    copies of this document are scattered across various ftp servers
42    on the globe, such as
43        https://manx-docs.org/collections/antonio/dec/MDS-2000-01/cd1/ALPHA/AXPCIDGC.PDF
44
45    Note that there are two flavors of PC serial connectors.  If you
46    have the wrong kind, you won't get any output from the serial console.
47
48Using the SRM console:
49
50    This is not intended to be an exhaustive guide on using the
51    SRM firmware console.  It should, however, give you enough
52    information to boot OpenBSD/MACHINE.
53
54    To see a list of devices connected to your alpha, you can
55    use the "show device" command.  For booting, the devices you
56    are interested in are "dka*" (the disk drives).
57
58    You can set ROM variables by saying "set VARIABLE VALUE".
59    Some variables you will want to set:
60
61	auto_action
62		Determines what happens when you turn the power on,
63		halt, or restart your machine.  Valid values are:
64
65		"halt"
66			the system will not autoboot, will restart when
67			rebooted (shutdown -r), and will not restart
68			when halted (shutdown -h).
69		"boot"
70			the system will autoboot on powerup, and when the
71			system is halted (shutdown -h) or rebooted
72			(shutdown -r).
73		"restart"
74			the system will autoboot on powerup, will restart
75			when rebooted (shutdown -r), and will not restart
76			when halted (shutdown -h).
77
78		Most users will want to set this to "restart".
79
80	bootdef_dev
81		Default boot device (or list of devices).
82
83	boot_file
84		Name of the kernel to boot.  If this variable is empty,
85		the default "bsd" will be loaded.  Note that this variable
86		does not exist in all versions of the SRM console.
87
88    To see a list of all variables on your machine, use the "show"
89    command with no arguments.  If there are too many of them, you
90    might want to page with "show | more".
91
92    You can bypass the boot_file value from the command prompt, with the
93    -fi option. For example,
94
95	boot -fi bsd.rd dka0
96
97    will boot the "bsd.rd" kernel on dka0.  However, some versions of the
98    SRM console (mainly on DEC 3000 series) will only let you specify
99    uppercase filenames. It is preferred to boot without any particular
100    option, and enter the correct filename at the boot loader "boot>"
101    prompt.
102
103USB support on the XP1000:
104
105    For some unknown reason, the USB interface found on the XP1000
106    (and possibly the XP900 and the XP1100) is not enabled unless a
107    specific SRM environment variable is set.
108
109    If you plan to use USB devices on these machines, enter
110	set usb_enable on
111    at the SRM prompt, followed by
112	init
113    before attempting to install OpenBSD.
114
115EISA configuration:
116
117    A few MACHINE systems support EISA devices. However, the SRM firmware
118    has only a very limited knowledge of EISA devices and is not able to
119    configure them.
120
121    Every time an EISA board is added to or removed from the system, the
122    EISA Configuration Utility needs to be run from a floppy disk using the
123    ``runecu'' command at the SRM prompt. An ECU floppy disk is supposed to
124    be provided with EISA-capable systems; this disk will be updated with
125    the current configuration every time it is run, and needs to be
126    writeable. ECU disks should not be shared between systems.
127
128    Redistributing ECU is not allowed, however a copy of it can be
129    downloaded from:
130      https://archive.org/details/digitalecudisk
131
132    Extract this archive to a newly FAT-formatted 3"1/2 floppy disk to get
133    a pristine ECU disk.
134
135SRM console boot device restrictions:
136
137    The SRM firmware on your system may or may not be able to boot from
138    any disk controller you may install in your MACHINE.
139    The built-in disk controllers on your MACHINE will always be supported,
140    however on IDE-based machines, such as the EB164, 164SX and 164LX, as
141    well as the low-end Personal Workstation (non-u models), you can plug
142    in a SCSI controller, and boot from it if it is recognized.
143
144    Recent SRM releases for these machines will be able to boot (or netboot)
145    from the following controllers:
146	QLogic PCI SCSI controllers
147	Symbios Logic (NCR) 53C8xx (but not on PC164)
148	Adaptec AHA-[23]9[34]x[U][W] cards
149	Intel i8255x-based cards (EtherExpress PRO)
150    The following controllers are known not to be supported as boot devices
151    by the SRM:
152	Adaptec AHA-[23]9[34]xU2 cards
153
154    Depending on your specific model, your mileage may vary, though.
155
156OpenBSD/MACHINE console device restrictions:
157
158    On systems with no framebuffer supported (currently all
159    TURBOchannel-based machines), OpenBSD/MACHINE must be used with a
160    serial console.
161
162    Setting an Alpha system to use a serial console is system-specific.
163    Although most models will default to serial console if no keyboard
164    is connected on powerup, this behaviour can't be relied upon.
165    The recommended procedure is:
166
167	DEC 3000/[4-9]00
168		Flip the `S3' switch on the back of the machine
169		(up for glass console, down for serial console).
170
171		When configured to use a serial console, it is also
172		necessary to set the ``server'' SRM environment
173		variable to ``on'' for the system to autoboot on
174		powerup despite the lack of a keyboard and mouse
175		plugged in.
176
177	DEC 3000/300 family machines
178		Console is selected by the `W2' jumper block, to the
179		edge of the logic board, near the memory banks.
180
181		Setting the jumper cap on pins 1-2 selects glass
182		console, and on pins 2-3 selects serial console.
183
184	All other machines
185		From the SRM console, enter either
186			set console serial
187		or
188			set console graphics
189		at the SRM prompt, then enter
190			init
191		or cycle power.
192
193