xref: /openbsd/gnu/gcc/gcc/cp/method.c (revision 3cab2bb3)
1 /* Handle the hair of processing (but not expanding) inline functions.
2    Also manage function and variable name overloading.
3    Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
4    1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5    Contributed by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com)
6 
7 This file is part of GCC.
8 
9 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
12 any later version.
13 
14 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
18 
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GCC; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
21 the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
22 Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
23 
24 
25 /* Handle method declarations.  */
26 #include "config.h"
27 #include "system.h"
28 #include "coretypes.h"
29 #include "tm.h"
30 #include "tree.h"
31 #include "cp-tree.h"
32 #include "rtl.h"
33 #include "expr.h"
34 #include "output.h"
35 #include "flags.h"
36 #include "toplev.h"
37 #include "tm_p.h"
38 #include "target.h"
39 #include "tree-pass.h"
40 #include "diagnostic.h"
41 
42 /* Various flags to control the mangling process.  */
43 
44 enum mangling_flags
45 {
46   /* No flags.  */
47   mf_none = 0,
48   /* The thing we are presently mangling is part of a template type,
49      rather than a fully instantiated type.  Therefore, we may see
50      complex expressions where we would normally expect to see a
51      simple integer constant.  */
52   mf_maybe_uninstantiated = 1,
53   /* When mangling a numeric value, use the form `_XX_' (instead of
54      just `XX') if the value has more than one digit.  */
55   mf_use_underscores_around_value = 2
56 };
57 
58 typedef enum mangling_flags mangling_flags;
59 
60 static tree thunk_adjust (tree, bool, HOST_WIDE_INT, tree);
61 static void do_build_assign_ref (tree);
62 static void do_build_copy_constructor (tree);
63 static tree synthesize_exception_spec (tree, tree (*) (tree, void *), void *);
64 static tree locate_dtor (tree, void *);
65 static tree locate_ctor (tree, void *);
66 static tree locate_copy (tree, void *);
67 static tree make_alias_for_thunk (tree);
68 
69 /* Called once to initialize method.c.  */
70 
71 void
72 init_method (void)
73 {
74   init_mangle ();
75 }
76 
77 /* Return a this or result adjusting thunk to FUNCTION.  THIS_ADJUSTING
78    indicates whether it is a this or result adjusting thunk.
79    FIXED_OFFSET and VIRTUAL_OFFSET indicate how to do the adjustment
80    (see thunk_adjust).  VIRTUAL_OFFSET can be NULL, but FIXED_OFFSET
81    never is.  VIRTUAL_OFFSET is the /index/ into the vtable for this
82    adjusting thunks, we scale it to a byte offset. For covariant
83    thunks VIRTUAL_OFFSET is the virtual binfo.  You must post process
84    the returned thunk with finish_thunk.  */
85 
86 tree
87 make_thunk (tree function, bool this_adjusting,
88 	    tree fixed_offset, tree virtual_offset)
89 {
90   HOST_WIDE_INT d;
91   tree thunk;
92 
93   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (function) == FUNCTION_DECL);
94   /* We can have this thunks to covariant thunks, but not vice versa.  */
95   gcc_assert (!DECL_THIS_THUNK_P (function));
96   gcc_assert (!DECL_RESULT_THUNK_P (function) || this_adjusting);
97 
98   /* Scale the VIRTUAL_OFFSET to be in terms of bytes.  */
99   if (this_adjusting && virtual_offset)
100     virtual_offset
101       = size_binop (MULT_EXPR,
102 		    virtual_offset,
103 		    convert (ssizetype,
104 			     TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (vtable_entry_type)));
105 
106   d = tree_low_cst (fixed_offset, 0);
107 
108   /* See if we already have the thunk in question.  For this_adjusting
109      thunks VIRTUAL_OFFSET will be an INTEGER_CST, for covariant thunks it
110      will be a BINFO.  */
111   for (thunk = DECL_THUNKS (function); thunk; thunk = TREE_CHAIN (thunk))
112     if (DECL_THIS_THUNK_P (thunk) == this_adjusting
113 	&& THUNK_FIXED_OFFSET (thunk) == d
114 	&& !virtual_offset == !THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk)
115 	&& (!virtual_offset
116 	    || (this_adjusting
117 		? tree_int_cst_equal (THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk),
118 				      virtual_offset)
119 		: THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk) == virtual_offset)))
120       return thunk;
121 
122   /* All thunks must be created before FUNCTION is actually emitted;
123      the ABI requires that all thunks be emitted together with the
124      function to which they transfer control.  */
125   gcc_assert (!TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (function));
126   /* Likewise, we can only be adding thunks to a function declared in
127      the class currently being laid out.  */
128   gcc_assert (TYPE_SIZE (DECL_CONTEXT (function))
129 	      && TYPE_BEING_DEFINED (DECL_CONTEXT (function)));
130 
131   thunk = build_decl (FUNCTION_DECL, NULL_TREE, TREE_TYPE (function));
132   DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (thunk) = DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (function);
133   cxx_dup_lang_specific_decl (thunk);
134   DECL_THUNKS (thunk) = NULL_TREE;
135 
136   DECL_CONTEXT (thunk) = DECL_CONTEXT (function);
137   TREE_READONLY (thunk) = TREE_READONLY (function);
138   TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (thunk) = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (function);
139   TREE_PUBLIC (thunk) = TREE_PUBLIC (function);
140   SET_DECL_THUNK_P (thunk, this_adjusting);
141   THUNK_TARGET (thunk) = function;
142   THUNK_FIXED_OFFSET (thunk) = d;
143   THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk) = virtual_offset;
144   THUNK_ALIAS (thunk) = NULL_TREE;
145 
146   /* The thunk itself is not a constructor or destructor, even if
147      the thing it is thunking to is.  */
148   DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (thunk) = 1;
149   DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (thunk) = 1;
150   DECL_SAVED_FUNCTION_DATA (thunk) = NULL;
151   DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (thunk) = 0;
152   DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (thunk) = 0;
153   DECL_EXTERNAL (thunk) = 1;
154   DECL_ARTIFICIAL (thunk) = 1;
155   /* Even if this thunk is a member of a local class, we don't
156      need a static chain.  */
157   DECL_NO_STATIC_CHAIN (thunk) = 1;
158   /* The THUNK is not a pending inline, even if the FUNCTION is.  */
159   DECL_PENDING_INLINE_P (thunk) = 0;
160   DECL_INLINE (thunk) = 0;
161   DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (thunk) = 0;
162   /* Nor has it been deferred.  */
163   DECL_DEFERRED_FN (thunk) = 0;
164   /* Nor is it a template instantiation.  */
165   DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (thunk) = 0;
166   DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (thunk) = NULL;
167 
168   /* Add it to the list of thunks associated with FUNCTION.  */
169   TREE_CHAIN (thunk) = DECL_THUNKS (function);
170   DECL_THUNKS (function) = thunk;
171 
172   return thunk;
173 }
174 
175 /* Finish THUNK, a thunk decl.  */
176 
177 void
178 finish_thunk (tree thunk)
179 {
180   tree function, name;
181   tree fixed_offset = ssize_int (THUNK_FIXED_OFFSET (thunk));
182   tree virtual_offset = THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk);
183 
184   gcc_assert (!DECL_NAME (thunk) && DECL_THUNK_P (thunk));
185   if (virtual_offset && DECL_RESULT_THUNK_P (thunk))
186     virtual_offset = BINFO_VPTR_FIELD (virtual_offset);
187   function = THUNK_TARGET (thunk);
188   name = mangle_thunk (function, DECL_THIS_THUNK_P (thunk),
189 		       fixed_offset, virtual_offset);
190 
191   /* We can end up with declarations of (logically) different
192      covariant thunks, that do identical adjustments.  The two thunks
193      will be adjusting between within different hierarchies, which
194      happen to have the same layout.  We must nullify one of them to
195      refer to the other.  */
196   if (DECL_RESULT_THUNK_P (thunk))
197     {
198       tree cov_probe;
199 
200       for (cov_probe = DECL_THUNKS (function);
201 	   cov_probe; cov_probe = TREE_CHAIN (cov_probe))
202 	if (DECL_NAME (cov_probe) == name)
203 	  {
204 	    gcc_assert (!DECL_THUNKS (thunk));
205 	    THUNK_ALIAS (thunk) = (THUNK_ALIAS (cov_probe)
206 				   ? THUNK_ALIAS (cov_probe) : cov_probe);
207 	    break;
208 	  }
209     }
210 
211   DECL_NAME (thunk) = name;
212   SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (thunk, name);
213 }
214 
215 /* Adjust PTR by the constant FIXED_OFFSET, and by the vtable
216    offset indicated by VIRTUAL_OFFSET, if that is
217    non-null. THIS_ADJUSTING is nonzero for a this adjusting thunk and
218    zero for a result adjusting thunk.  */
219 
220 static tree
221 thunk_adjust (tree ptr, bool this_adjusting,
222 	      HOST_WIDE_INT fixed_offset, tree virtual_offset)
223 {
224   if (this_adjusting)
225     /* Adjust the pointer by the constant.  */
226     ptr = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ptr), ptr,
227 		       ssize_int (fixed_offset));
228 
229   /* If there's a virtual offset, look up that value in the vtable and
230      adjust the pointer again.  */
231   if (virtual_offset)
232     {
233       tree vtable;
234 
235       ptr = save_expr (ptr);
236       /* The vptr is always at offset zero in the object.  */
237       vtable = build1 (NOP_EXPR,
238 		       build_pointer_type (build_pointer_type
239 					   (vtable_entry_type)),
240 		       ptr);
241       /* Form the vtable address.  */
242       vtable = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (vtable)), vtable);
243       /* Find the entry with the vcall offset.  */
244       vtable = build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (vtable), vtable, virtual_offset);
245       /* Get the offset itself.  */
246       vtable = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (vtable)), vtable);
247       /* Adjust the `this' pointer.  */
248       ptr = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ptr), ptr, vtable);
249     }
250 
251   if (!this_adjusting)
252     /* Adjust the pointer by the constant.  */
253     ptr = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ptr), ptr,
254 		       ssize_int (fixed_offset));
255 
256   return ptr;
257 }
258 
259 static GTY (()) int thunk_labelno;
260 
261 /* Create a static alias to function.  */
262 
263 tree
264 make_alias_for (tree function, tree newid)
265 {
266   tree alias = build_decl (FUNCTION_DECL, newid, TREE_TYPE (function));
267   DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (alias) = DECL_LANG_SPECIFIC (function);
268   cxx_dup_lang_specific_decl (alias);
269   DECL_CONTEXT (alias) = NULL;
270   TREE_READONLY (alias) = TREE_READONLY (function);
271   TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (alias) = TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (function);
272   TREE_PUBLIC (alias) = 0;
273   DECL_INTERFACE_KNOWN (alias) = 1;
274   DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (alias) = 1;
275   DECL_THIS_STATIC (alias) = 1;
276   DECL_SAVED_FUNCTION_DATA (alias) = NULL;
277   DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (alias) = 0;
278   DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (alias) = 0;
279   DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (alias) = NULL_TREE;
280   DECL_EXTERNAL (alias) = 0;
281   DECL_ARTIFICIAL (alias) = 1;
282   DECL_NO_STATIC_CHAIN (alias) = 1;
283   DECL_PENDING_INLINE_P (alias) = 0;
284   DECL_INLINE (alias) = 0;
285   DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (alias) = 0;
286   DECL_DEFERRED_FN (alias) = 0;
287   DECL_USE_TEMPLATE (alias) = 0;
288   DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATED (alias) = 0;
289   DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (alias) = NULL;
290   DECL_INITIAL (alias) = error_mark_node;
291   TREE_ADDRESSABLE (alias) = 1;
292   TREE_USED (alias) = 1;
293   SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (alias, DECL_NAME (alias));
294   TREE_SYMBOL_REFERENCED (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (alias)) = 1;
295   return alias;
296 }
297 
298 static tree
299 make_alias_for_thunk (tree function)
300 {
301   tree alias;
302   char buf[256];
303 
304   ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL (buf, "LTHUNK", thunk_labelno);
305   thunk_labelno++;
306 
307   alias = make_alias_for (function, get_identifier (buf));
308 
309   if (!flag_syntax_only)
310     assemble_alias (alias, DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (function));
311 
312   return alias;
313 }
314 
315 /* Emit the definition of a C++ multiple inheritance or covariant
316    return vtable thunk.  If EMIT_P is nonzero, the thunk is emitted
317    immediately.  */
318 
319 void
320 use_thunk (tree thunk_fndecl, bool emit_p)
321 {
322   tree a, t, function, alias;
323   tree virtual_offset;
324   HOST_WIDE_INT fixed_offset, virtual_value;
325   bool this_adjusting = DECL_THIS_THUNK_P (thunk_fndecl);
326 
327   /* We should have called finish_thunk to give it a name.  */
328   gcc_assert (DECL_NAME (thunk_fndecl));
329 
330   /* We should never be using an alias, always refer to the
331      aliased thunk.  */
332   gcc_assert (!THUNK_ALIAS (thunk_fndecl));
333 
334   if (TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (thunk_fndecl))
335     return;
336 
337   function = THUNK_TARGET (thunk_fndecl);
338   if (DECL_RESULT (thunk_fndecl))
339     /* We already turned this thunk into an ordinary function.
340        There's no need to process this thunk again.  */
341     return;
342 
343   if (DECL_THUNK_P (function))
344     /* The target is itself a thunk, process it now.  */
345     use_thunk (function, emit_p);
346 
347   /* Thunks are always addressable; they only appear in vtables.  */
348   TREE_ADDRESSABLE (thunk_fndecl) = 1;
349 
350   /* Figure out what function is being thunked to.  It's referenced in
351      this translation unit.  */
352   TREE_ADDRESSABLE (function) = 1;
353   mark_used (function);
354   if (!emit_p)
355     return;
356 
357   if (TARGET_USE_LOCAL_THUNK_ALIAS_P (function))
358    alias = make_alias_for_thunk (function);
359   else
360    alias = function;
361 
362   fixed_offset = THUNK_FIXED_OFFSET (thunk_fndecl);
363   virtual_offset = THUNK_VIRTUAL_OFFSET (thunk_fndecl);
364 
365   if (virtual_offset)
366     {
367       if (!this_adjusting)
368 	virtual_offset = BINFO_VPTR_FIELD (virtual_offset);
369       virtual_value = tree_low_cst (virtual_offset, /*pos=*/0);
370       gcc_assert (virtual_value);
371     }
372   else
373     virtual_value = 0;
374 
375   /* And, if we need to emit the thunk, it's used.  */
376   mark_used (thunk_fndecl);
377   /* This thunk is actually defined.  */
378   DECL_EXTERNAL (thunk_fndecl) = 0;
379   /* The linkage of the function may have changed.  FIXME in linkage
380      rewrite.  */
381   TREE_PUBLIC (thunk_fndecl) = TREE_PUBLIC (function);
382   DECL_VISIBILITY (thunk_fndecl) = DECL_VISIBILITY (function);
383   DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (thunk_fndecl)
384     = DECL_VISIBILITY_SPECIFIED (function);
385   if (DECL_ONE_ONLY (function))
386     make_decl_one_only (thunk_fndecl);
387 
388   if (flag_syntax_only)
389     {
390       TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (thunk_fndecl) = 1;
391       return;
392     }
393 
394   push_to_top_level ();
395 
396   if (TARGET_USE_LOCAL_THUNK_ALIAS_P (function)
397       && targetm.have_named_sections)
398     {
399       resolve_unique_section (function, 0, flag_function_sections);
400 
401       if (DECL_SECTION_NAME (function) != NULL && DECL_ONE_ONLY (function))
402 	{
403 	  resolve_unique_section (thunk_fndecl, 0, flag_function_sections);
404 
405 	  /* Output the thunk into the same section as function.  */
406 	  DECL_SECTION_NAME (thunk_fndecl) = DECL_SECTION_NAME (function);
407 	}
408     }
409 
410   /* The back-end expects DECL_INITIAL to contain a BLOCK, so we
411      create one.  */
412   DECL_INITIAL (thunk_fndecl) = make_node (BLOCK);
413 
414   /* Set up cloned argument trees for the thunk.  */
415   t = NULL_TREE;
416   for (a = DECL_ARGUMENTS (function); a; a = TREE_CHAIN (a))
417     {
418       tree x = copy_node (a);
419       TREE_CHAIN (x) = t;
420       DECL_CONTEXT (x) = thunk_fndecl;
421       SET_DECL_RTL (x, NULL_RTX);
422       DECL_HAS_VALUE_EXPR_P (x) = 0;
423       t = x;
424     }
425   a = nreverse (t);
426   DECL_ARGUMENTS (thunk_fndecl) = a;
427   BLOCK_VARS (DECL_INITIAL (thunk_fndecl)) = a;
428 
429   if (this_adjusting
430       && targetm.asm_out.can_output_mi_thunk (thunk_fndecl, fixed_offset,
431 					      virtual_value, alias))
432     {
433       const char *fnname;
434       current_function_decl = thunk_fndecl;
435       DECL_RESULT (thunk_fndecl)
436 	= build_decl (RESULT_DECL, 0, integer_type_node);
437       fnname = XSTR (XEXP (DECL_RTL (thunk_fndecl), 0), 0);
438       init_function_start (thunk_fndecl);
439       current_function_is_thunk = 1;
440       assemble_start_function (thunk_fndecl, fnname);
441 
442       targetm.asm_out.output_mi_thunk (asm_out_file, thunk_fndecl,
443 				       fixed_offset, virtual_value, alias);
444 
445       assemble_end_function (thunk_fndecl, fnname);
446       init_insn_lengths ();
447       current_function_decl = 0;
448       cfun = 0;
449       TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (thunk_fndecl) = 1;
450     }
451   else
452     {
453       /* If this is a covariant thunk, or we don't have the necessary
454 	 code for efficient thunks, generate a thunk function that
455 	 just makes a call to the real function.  Unfortunately, this
456 	 doesn't work for varargs.  */
457 
458       if (varargs_function_p (function))
459 	error ("generic thunk code fails for method %q#D which uses %<...%>",
460 	       function);
461 
462       DECL_RESULT (thunk_fndecl) = NULL_TREE;
463 
464       start_preparsed_function (thunk_fndecl, NULL_TREE, SF_PRE_PARSED);
465       /* We don't bother with a body block for thunks.  */
466 
467       /* There's no need to check accessibility inside the thunk body.  */
468       push_deferring_access_checks (dk_no_check);
469 
470       t = a;
471       if (this_adjusting)
472 	t = thunk_adjust (t, /*this_adjusting=*/1,
473 			  fixed_offset, virtual_offset);
474 
475       /* Build up the call to the real function.  */
476       t = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, t, NULL_TREE);
477       for (a = TREE_CHAIN (a); a; a = TREE_CHAIN (a))
478 	t = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, a, t);
479       t = nreverse (t);
480       t = build_call (alias, t);
481       CALL_FROM_THUNK_P (t) = 1;
482 
483       if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
484 	finish_expr_stmt (t);
485       else
486 	{
487 	  if (!this_adjusting)
488 	    {
489 	      tree cond = NULL_TREE;
490 
491 	      if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (t)) == POINTER_TYPE)
492 		{
493 		  /* If the return type is a pointer, we need to
494 		     protect against NULL.  We know there will be an
495 		     adjustment, because that's why we're emitting a
496 		     thunk.  */
497 		  t = save_expr (t);
498 		  cond = cp_convert (boolean_type_node, t);
499 		}
500 
501 	      t = thunk_adjust (t, /*this_adjusting=*/0,
502 				fixed_offset, virtual_offset);
503 	      if (cond)
504 		t = build3 (COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (t), cond, t,
505 			    cp_convert (TREE_TYPE (t), integer_zero_node));
506 	    }
507 	  if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (t)))
508 	    t = build_cplus_new (TREE_TYPE (t), t);
509 	  finish_return_stmt (t);
510 	}
511 
512       /* Since we want to emit the thunk, we explicitly mark its name as
513 	 referenced.  */
514       mark_decl_referenced (thunk_fndecl);
515 
516       /* But we don't want debugging information about it.  */
517       DECL_IGNORED_P (thunk_fndecl) = 1;
518 
519       /* Re-enable access control.  */
520       pop_deferring_access_checks ();
521 
522       thunk_fndecl = finish_function (0);
523       tree_lowering_passes (thunk_fndecl);
524       expand_body (thunk_fndecl);
525     }
526 
527   pop_from_top_level ();
528 }
529 
530 /* Code for synthesizing methods which have default semantics defined.  */
531 
532 /* Generate code for default X(X&) constructor.  */
533 
534 static void
535 do_build_copy_constructor (tree fndecl)
536 {
537   tree parm = FUNCTION_FIRST_USER_PARM (fndecl);
538 
539   parm = convert_from_reference (parm);
540 
541   if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_INIT_REF (current_class_type)
542       && is_empty_class (current_class_type))
543     /* Don't copy the padding byte; it might not have been allocated
544        if *this is a base subobject.  */;
545   else if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_INIT_REF (current_class_type))
546     {
547       tree t = build2 (INIT_EXPR, void_type_node, current_class_ref, parm);
548       finish_expr_stmt (t);
549     }
550   else
551     {
552       tree fields = TYPE_FIELDS (current_class_type);
553       tree member_init_list = NULL_TREE;
554       int cvquals = cp_type_quals (TREE_TYPE (parm));
555       int i;
556       tree binfo, base_binfo;
557       VEC(tree,gc) *vbases;
558 
559       /* Initialize all the base-classes with the parameter converted
560 	 to their type so that we get their copy constructor and not
561 	 another constructor that takes current_class_type.  We must
562 	 deal with the binfo's directly as a direct base might be
563 	 inaccessible due to ambiguity.  */
564       for (vbases = CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (current_class_type), i = 0;
565 	   VEC_iterate (tree, vbases, i, binfo); i++)
566 	{
567 	  member_init_list
568 	    = tree_cons (binfo,
569 			 build_tree_list (NULL_TREE,
570 					  build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, parm,
571 							   binfo, 1)),
572 			 member_init_list);
573 	}
574 
575       for (binfo = TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type), i = 0;
576 	   BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo, i, base_binfo); i++)
577 	{
578 	  if (BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (base_binfo))
579 	    continue;
580 
581 	  member_init_list
582 	    = tree_cons (base_binfo,
583 			 build_tree_list (NULL_TREE,
584 					  build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, parm,
585 							   base_binfo, 1)),
586 			 member_init_list);
587 	}
588 
589       for (; fields; fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields))
590 	{
591 	  tree init = parm;
592 	  tree field = fields;
593 	  tree expr_type;
594 
595 	  if (TREE_CODE (field) != FIELD_DECL)
596 	    continue;
597 
598 	  expr_type = TREE_TYPE (field);
599 	  if (DECL_NAME (field))
600 	    {
601 	      if (VFIELD_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (field)))
602 		continue;
603 	    }
604 	  else if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (expr_type) && TYPE_FIELDS (expr_type))
605 	    /* Just use the field; anonymous types can't have
606 	       nontrivial copy ctors or assignment ops.  */;
607 	  else
608 	    continue;
609 
610 	  /* Compute the type of "init->field".  If the copy-constructor
611 	     parameter is, for example, "const S&", and the type of
612 	     the field is "T", then the type will usually be "const
613 	     T".  (There are no cv-qualified variants of reference
614 	     types.)  */
615 	  if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) != REFERENCE_TYPE)
616 	    {
617 	      int quals = cvquals;
618 
619 	      if (DECL_MUTABLE_P (field))
620 		quals &= ~TYPE_QUAL_CONST;
621 	      expr_type = cp_build_qualified_type (expr_type, quals);
622 	    }
623 
624 	  init = build3 (COMPONENT_REF, expr_type, init, field, NULL_TREE);
625 	  init = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, init);
626 
627 	  member_init_list = tree_cons (field, init, member_init_list);
628 	}
629       finish_mem_initializers (member_init_list);
630     }
631 }
632 
633 static void
634 do_build_assign_ref (tree fndecl)
635 {
636   tree parm = TREE_CHAIN (DECL_ARGUMENTS (fndecl));
637   tree compound_stmt;
638 
639   compound_stmt = begin_compound_stmt (0);
640   parm = convert_from_reference (parm);
641 
642   if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN_REF (current_class_type)
643       && is_empty_class (current_class_type))
644     /* Don't copy the padding byte; it might not have been allocated
645        if *this is a base subobject.  */;
646   else if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN_REF (current_class_type))
647     {
648       tree t = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, void_type_node, current_class_ref, parm);
649       finish_expr_stmt (t);
650     }
651   else
652     {
653       tree fields;
654       int cvquals = cp_type_quals (TREE_TYPE (parm));
655       int i;
656       tree binfo, base_binfo;
657 
658       /* Assign to each of the direct base classes.  */
659       for (binfo = TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type), i = 0;
660 	   BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo, i, base_binfo); i++)
661 	{
662 	  tree converted_parm;
663 
664 	  /* We must convert PARM directly to the base class
665 	     explicitly since the base class may be ambiguous.  */
666 	  converted_parm = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, parm, base_binfo, 1);
667 	  /* Call the base class assignment operator.  */
668 	  finish_expr_stmt
669 	    (build_special_member_call (current_class_ref,
670 					ansi_assopname (NOP_EXPR),
671 					build_tree_list (NULL_TREE,
672 							 converted_parm),
673 					base_binfo,
674 					LOOKUP_NORMAL | LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL));
675 	}
676 
677       /* Assign to each of the non-static data members.  */
678       for (fields = TYPE_FIELDS (current_class_type);
679 	   fields;
680 	   fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields))
681 	{
682 	  tree comp = current_class_ref;
683 	  tree init = parm;
684 	  tree field = fields;
685 	  tree expr_type;
686 	  int quals;
687 
688 	  if (TREE_CODE (field) != FIELD_DECL || DECL_ARTIFICIAL (field))
689 	    continue;
690 
691 	  expr_type = TREE_TYPE (field);
692 
693 	  if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (expr_type))
694 	    {
695 	      error ("non-static const member %q#D, can't use default "
696 		     "assignment operator", field);
697 	      continue;
698 	    }
699 	  else if (TREE_CODE (expr_type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
700 	    {
701 	      error ("non-static reference member %q#D, can't use "
702 		     "default assignment operator", field);
703 	      continue;
704 	    }
705 
706 	  if (DECL_NAME (field))
707 	    {
708 	      if (VFIELD_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (field)))
709 		continue;
710 	    }
711 	  else if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (expr_type)
712 		   && TYPE_FIELDS (expr_type) != NULL_TREE)
713 	    /* Just use the field; anonymous types can't have
714 	       nontrivial copy ctors or assignment ops.  */;
715 	  else
716 	    continue;
717 
718 	  comp = build3 (COMPONENT_REF, expr_type, comp, field, NULL_TREE);
719 
720 	  /* Compute the type of init->field  */
721 	  quals = cvquals;
722 	  if (DECL_MUTABLE_P (field))
723 	    quals &= ~TYPE_QUAL_CONST;
724 	  expr_type = cp_build_qualified_type (expr_type, quals);
725 
726 	  init = build3 (COMPONENT_REF, expr_type, init, field, NULL_TREE);
727 
728 	  if (DECL_NAME (field))
729 	    init = build_modify_expr (comp, NOP_EXPR, init);
730 	  else
731 	    init = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (comp), comp, init);
732 	  finish_expr_stmt (init);
733 	}
734     }
735   finish_return_stmt (current_class_ref);
736   finish_compound_stmt (compound_stmt);
737 }
738 
739 /* Synthesize FNDECL, a non-static member function.   */
740 
741 void
742 synthesize_method (tree fndecl)
743 {
744   bool nested = (current_function_decl != NULL_TREE);
745   tree context = decl_function_context (fndecl);
746   bool need_body = true;
747   tree stmt;
748   location_t save_input_location = input_location;
749   int error_count = errorcount;
750   int warning_count = warningcount;
751 
752   /* Reset the source location, we might have been previously
753      deferred, and thus have saved where we were first needed.  */
754   DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fndecl)
755     = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (TYPE_NAME (DECL_CONTEXT (fndecl)));
756 
757   /* If we've been asked to synthesize a clone, just synthesize the
758      cloned function instead.  Doing so will automatically fill in the
759      body for the clone.  */
760   if (DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION_P (fndecl))
761     fndecl = DECL_CLONED_FUNCTION (fndecl);
762 
763   /* We may be in the middle of deferred access check.  Disable
764      it now.  */
765   push_deferring_access_checks (dk_no_deferred);
766 
767   if (! context)
768     push_to_top_level ();
769   else if (nested)
770     push_function_context_to (context);
771 
772   input_location = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fndecl);
773 
774   start_preparsed_function (fndecl, NULL_TREE, SF_DEFAULT | SF_PRE_PARSED);
775   stmt = begin_function_body ();
776 
777   if (DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (fndecl) == NOP_EXPR)
778     {
779       do_build_assign_ref (fndecl);
780       need_body = false;
781     }
782   else if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fndecl))
783     {
784       tree arg_chain = FUNCTION_FIRST_USER_PARMTYPE (fndecl);
785       if (arg_chain != void_list_node)
786 	do_build_copy_constructor (fndecl);
787       else
788 	finish_mem_initializers (NULL_TREE);
789     }
790 
791   /* If we haven't yet generated the body of the function, just
792      generate an empty compound statement.  */
793   if (need_body)
794     {
795       tree compound_stmt;
796       compound_stmt = begin_compound_stmt (BCS_FN_BODY);
797       finish_compound_stmt (compound_stmt);
798     }
799 
800   finish_function_body (stmt);
801   expand_or_defer_fn (finish_function (0));
802 
803   input_location = save_input_location;
804 
805   if (! context)
806     pop_from_top_level ();
807   else if (nested)
808     pop_function_context_from (context);
809 
810   pop_deferring_access_checks ();
811 
812   if (error_count != errorcount || warning_count != warningcount)
813     inform ("%Hsynthesized method %qD first required here ",
814 	    &input_location, fndecl);
815 }
816 
817 /* Use EXTRACTOR to locate the relevant function called for each base &
818    class field of TYPE. CLIENT allows additional information to be passed
819    to EXTRACTOR.  Generates the union of all exceptions generated by those
820    functions.  Note that we haven't updated TYPE_FIELDS and such of any
821    variants yet, so we need to look at the main one.  */
822 
823 static tree
824 synthesize_exception_spec (tree type, tree (*extractor) (tree, void*),
825 			   void *client)
826 {
827   tree raises = empty_except_spec;
828   tree fields = TYPE_FIELDS (type);
829   tree binfo, base_binfo;
830   int i;
831 
832   for (binfo = TYPE_BINFO (type), i = 0;
833        BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo, i, base_binfo); i++)
834     {
835       tree fn = (*extractor) (BINFO_TYPE (base_binfo), client);
836       if (fn)
837 	{
838 	  tree fn_raises = TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (fn));
839 
840 	  raises = merge_exception_specifiers (raises, fn_raises);
841 	}
842     }
843   for (; fields; fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields))
844     {
845       tree type = TREE_TYPE (fields);
846       tree fn;
847 
848       if (TREE_CODE (fields) != FIELD_DECL || DECL_ARTIFICIAL (fields))
849 	continue;
850       while (TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE)
851 	type = TREE_TYPE (type);
852       if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
853 	continue;
854 
855       fn = (*extractor) (type, client);
856       if (fn)
857 	{
858 	  tree fn_raises = TYPE_RAISES_EXCEPTIONS (TREE_TYPE (fn));
859 
860 	  raises = merge_exception_specifiers (raises, fn_raises);
861 	}
862     }
863   return raises;
864 }
865 
866 /* Locate the dtor of TYPE.  */
867 
868 static tree
869 locate_dtor (tree type, void *client ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
870 {
871   return CLASSTYPE_DESTRUCTORS (type);
872 }
873 
874 /* Locate the default ctor of TYPE.  */
875 
876 static tree
877 locate_ctor (tree type, void *client ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
878 {
879   tree fns;
880 
881   if (!TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (type))
882     return NULL_TREE;
883 
884   /* Call lookup_fnfields_1 to create the constructor declarations, if
885      necessary.  */
886   if (CLASSTYPE_LAZY_DEFAULT_CTOR (type))
887     return lazily_declare_fn (sfk_constructor, type);
888 
889   for (fns = CLASSTYPE_CONSTRUCTORS (type); fns; fns = OVL_NEXT (fns))
890     {
891       tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
892       tree parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
893 
894       parms = skip_artificial_parms_for (fn, parms);
895 
896       if (sufficient_parms_p (parms))
897 	return fn;
898     }
899   gcc_unreachable ();
900 }
901 
902 struct copy_data
903 {
904   tree name;
905   int quals;
906 };
907 
908 /* Locate the copy ctor or copy assignment of TYPE. CLIENT_
909    points to a COPY_DATA holding the name (NULL for the ctor)
910    and desired qualifiers of the source operand.  */
911 
912 static tree
913 locate_copy (tree type, void *client_)
914 {
915   struct copy_data *client = (struct copy_data *)client_;
916   tree fns;
917   tree best = NULL_TREE;
918   bool excess_p = false;
919 
920   if (client->name)
921     {
922       int ix;
923       ix = lookup_fnfields_1 (type, client->name);
924       if (ix < 0)
925 	return NULL_TREE;
926       fns = VEC_index (tree, CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC (type), ix);
927     }
928   else if (TYPE_HAS_INIT_REF (type))
929     {
930       /* If construction of the copy constructor was postponed, create
931 	 it now.  */
932       if (CLASSTYPE_LAZY_COPY_CTOR (type))
933 	lazily_declare_fn (sfk_copy_constructor, type);
934       fns = CLASSTYPE_CONSTRUCTORS (type);
935     }
936   else
937     return NULL_TREE;
938   for (; fns; fns = OVL_NEXT (fns))
939     {
940       tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
941       tree parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
942       tree src_type;
943       int excess;
944       int quals;
945 
946       parms = skip_artificial_parms_for (fn, parms);
947       if (!parms)
948 	continue;
949       src_type = non_reference (TREE_VALUE (parms));
950 
951       if (src_type == error_mark_node)
952         return NULL_TREE;
953 
954       if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (src_type, type))
955 	continue;
956       if (!sufficient_parms_p (TREE_CHAIN (parms)))
957 	continue;
958       quals = cp_type_quals (src_type);
959       if (client->quals & ~quals)
960 	continue;
961       excess = quals & ~client->quals;
962       if (!best || (excess_p && !excess))
963 	{
964 	  best = fn;
965 	  excess_p = excess;
966 	}
967       else
968 	/* Ambiguous */
969 	return NULL_TREE;
970     }
971   return best;
972 }
973 
974 /* Implicitly declare the special function indicated by KIND, as a
975    member of TYPE.  For copy constructors and assignment operators,
976    CONST_P indicates whether these functions should take a const
977    reference argument or a non-const reference.  Returns the
978    FUNCTION_DECL for the implicitly declared function.  */
979 
980 static tree
981 implicitly_declare_fn (special_function_kind kind, tree type, bool const_p)
982 {
983   tree fn;
984   tree parameter_types = void_list_node;
985   tree return_type;
986   tree fn_type;
987   tree raises = empty_except_spec;
988   tree rhs_parm_type = NULL_TREE;
989   tree this_parm;
990   tree name;
991   HOST_WIDE_INT saved_processing_template_decl;
992 
993   /* Because we create declarations for implicitly declared functions
994      lazily, we may be creating the declaration for a member of TYPE
995      while in some completely different context.  However, TYPE will
996      never be a dependent class (because we never want to do lookups
997      for implicitly defined functions in a dependent class).
998      Furthermore, we must set PROCESSING_TEMPLATE_DECL to zero here
999      because we only create clones for constructors and destructors
1000      when not in a template.  */
1001   gcc_assert (!dependent_type_p (type));
1002   saved_processing_template_decl = processing_template_decl;
1003   processing_template_decl = 0;
1004 
1005   type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);
1006 
1007   if (targetm.cxx.cdtor_returns_this () && !TYPE_FOR_JAVA (type))
1008     {
1009       if (kind == sfk_destructor)
1010 	/* See comment in check_special_function_return_type.  */
1011 	return_type = build_pointer_type (void_type_node);
1012       else
1013 	return_type = build_pointer_type (type);
1014     }
1015   else
1016     return_type = void_type_node;
1017 
1018   switch (kind)
1019     {
1020     case sfk_destructor:
1021       /* Destructor.  */
1022       name = constructor_name (type);
1023       raises = synthesize_exception_spec (type, &locate_dtor, 0);
1024       break;
1025 
1026     case sfk_constructor:
1027       /* Default constructor.  */
1028       name = constructor_name (type);
1029       raises = synthesize_exception_spec (type, &locate_ctor, 0);
1030       break;
1031 
1032     case sfk_copy_constructor:
1033     case sfk_assignment_operator:
1034     {
1035       struct copy_data data;
1036 
1037       data.name = NULL;
1038       data.quals = 0;
1039       if (kind == sfk_assignment_operator)
1040 	{
1041 	  return_type = build_reference_type (type);
1042 	  name = ansi_assopname (NOP_EXPR);
1043 	  data.name = name;
1044 	}
1045       else
1046 	name = constructor_name (type);
1047 
1048       if (const_p)
1049 	{
1050 	  data.quals = TYPE_QUAL_CONST;
1051 	  rhs_parm_type = build_qualified_type (type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST);
1052 	}
1053       else
1054 	rhs_parm_type = type;
1055       rhs_parm_type = build_reference_type (rhs_parm_type);
1056       parameter_types = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, rhs_parm_type, parameter_types);
1057       raises = synthesize_exception_spec (type, &locate_copy, &data);
1058       break;
1059     }
1060     default:
1061       gcc_unreachable ();
1062     }
1063 
1064   /* Create the function.  */
1065   fn_type = build_method_type_directly (type, return_type, parameter_types);
1066   if (raises)
1067     fn_type = build_exception_variant (fn_type, raises);
1068   fn = build_lang_decl (FUNCTION_DECL, name, fn_type);
1069   DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn) = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (TYPE_NAME (type));
1070   if (kind == sfk_constructor || kind == sfk_copy_constructor)
1071     DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn) = 1;
1072   else if (kind == sfk_destructor)
1073     DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (fn) = 1;
1074   else
1075     {
1076       DECL_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATOR_P (fn) = 1;
1077       SET_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_CODE (fn, NOP_EXPR);
1078     }
1079   /* Create the explicit arguments.  */
1080   if (rhs_parm_type)
1081     {
1082       /* Note that this parameter is *not* marked DECL_ARTIFICIAL; we
1083 	 want its type to be included in the mangled function
1084 	 name.  */
1085       DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn) = cp_build_parm_decl (NULL_TREE, rhs_parm_type);
1086       TREE_READONLY (DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn)) = 1;
1087     }
1088   /* Add the "this" parameter.  */
1089   this_parm = build_this_parm (fn_type, TYPE_UNQUALIFIED);
1090   TREE_CHAIN (this_parm) = DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn);
1091   DECL_ARGUMENTS (fn) = this_parm;
1092 
1093   grokclassfn (type, fn, kind == sfk_destructor ? DTOR_FLAG : NO_SPECIAL);
1094   set_linkage_according_to_type (type, fn);
1095   rest_of_decl_compilation (fn, toplevel_bindings_p (), at_eof);
1096   DECL_IN_AGGR_P (fn) = 1;
1097   DECL_ARTIFICIAL (fn) = 1;
1098   DECL_NOT_REALLY_EXTERN (fn) = 1;
1099   DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (fn) = 1;
1100   DECL_INLINE (fn) = 1;
1101   gcc_assert (!TREE_USED (fn));
1102 
1103   /* Restore PROCESSING_TEMPLATE_DECL.  */
1104   processing_template_decl = saved_processing_template_decl;
1105 
1106   return fn;
1107 }
1108 
1109 /* Add an implicit declaration to TYPE for the kind of function
1110    indicated by SFK.  Return the FUNCTION_DECL for the new implicit
1111    declaration.  */
1112 
1113 tree
1114 lazily_declare_fn (special_function_kind sfk, tree type)
1115 {
1116   tree fn;
1117   bool const_p;
1118 
1119   /* Figure out whether or not the argument has a const reference
1120      type.  */
1121   if (sfk == sfk_copy_constructor)
1122     const_p = TYPE_HAS_CONST_INIT_REF (type);
1123   else if (sfk == sfk_assignment_operator)
1124     const_p = TYPE_HAS_CONST_ASSIGN_REF (type);
1125   else
1126     /* In this case, CONST_P will be ignored.  */
1127     const_p = false;
1128   /* Declare the function.  */
1129   fn = implicitly_declare_fn (sfk, type, const_p);
1130   /* A destructor may be virtual.  */
1131   if (sfk == sfk_destructor)
1132     check_for_override (fn, type);
1133   /* Add it to CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC.  */
1134   add_method (type, fn, NULL_TREE);
1135   /* Add it to TYPE_METHODS.  */
1136   if (sfk == sfk_destructor
1137       && DECL_VIRTUAL_P (fn)
1138       && abi_version_at_least (2))
1139     /* The ABI requires that a virtual destructor go at the end of the
1140        vtable.  */
1141     TYPE_METHODS (type) = chainon (TYPE_METHODS (type), fn);
1142   else
1143     {
1144       /* G++ 3.2 put the implicit destructor at the *beginning* of the
1145 	 TYPE_METHODS list, which cause the destructor to be emitted
1146 	 in an incorrect location in the vtable.  */
1147       if (warn_abi && DECL_VIRTUAL_P (fn))
1148 	warning (OPT_Wabi, "vtable layout for class %qT may not be ABI-compliant"
1149 		 "and may change in a future version of GCC due to "
1150 		 "implicit virtual destructor",
1151 		 type);
1152       TREE_CHAIN (fn) = TYPE_METHODS (type);
1153       TYPE_METHODS (type) = fn;
1154     }
1155   maybe_add_class_template_decl_list (type, fn, /*friend_p=*/0);
1156   if (sfk == sfk_assignment_operator)
1157     CLASSTYPE_LAZY_ASSIGNMENT_OP (type) = 0;
1158   else
1159     {
1160       /* Remember that the function has been created.  */
1161       if (sfk == sfk_constructor)
1162 	CLASSTYPE_LAZY_DEFAULT_CTOR (type) = 0;
1163       else if (sfk == sfk_copy_constructor)
1164 	CLASSTYPE_LAZY_COPY_CTOR (type) = 0;
1165       else if (sfk == sfk_destructor)
1166 	CLASSTYPE_LAZY_DESTRUCTOR (type) = 0;
1167       /* Create appropriate clones.  */
1168       clone_function_decl (fn, /*update_method_vec=*/true);
1169     }
1170 
1171   return fn;
1172 }
1173 
1174 /* Given a FUNCTION_DECL FN and a chain LIST, skip as many elements of LIST
1175    as there are artificial parms in FN.  */
1176 
1177 tree
1178 skip_artificial_parms_for (tree fn, tree list)
1179 {
1180   if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (fn))
1181     list = TREE_CHAIN (list);
1182   else
1183     return list;
1184 
1185   if (DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (fn))
1186     list = TREE_CHAIN (list);
1187   if (DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (fn))
1188     list = TREE_CHAIN (list);
1189   return list;
1190 }
1191 
1192 #include "gt-cp-method.h"
1193