1 // Locale support (codecvt) -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
4 //  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 //
6 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
7 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
8 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
9 // Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10 // any later version.
11 
12 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
18 // with this library; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
19 // Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
20 // USA.
21 
22 // As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
23 // library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
24 // templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
25 // this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
26 // file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
27 // the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
28 // invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
29 // the GNU General Public License.
30 
31 //
32 // ISO C++ 14882: 22.2.1.5 Template class codecvt
33 //
34 
35 // Written by Benjamin Kosnik <bkoz@redhat.com>
36 
37 /** @file ext/codecvt_specializations.h
38  *  This file is a GNU extension to the Standard C++ Library.
39  */
40 
41 #ifndef _EXT_CODECVT_SPECIALIZATIONS_H
42 #define _EXT_CODECVT_SPECIALIZATIONS_H 1
43 
44 #include <bits/c++config.h>
45 
46 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_ICONV
47 
48 #include <locale>
49 #include <iconv.h>
50 
51   // XXX
52   // Define this here so codecvt.cc can have _S_max_size definition.
53 #define _GLIBCXX_USE_ENCODING_STATE 1
54 
55 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(__gnu_cxx)
56 
57   /// @brief  Extension to use icov for dealing with character encodings.
58   // This includes conversions and comparisons between various character
59   // sets.  This object encapsulates data that may need to be shared between
60   // char_traits, codecvt and ctype.
61   class encoding_state
62   {
63   public:
64     // Types:
65     // NB: A conversion descriptor subsumes and enhances the
66     // functionality of a simple state type such as mbstate_t.
67     typedef iconv_t	descriptor_type;
68 
69   protected:
70     // Name of internal character set encoding.
71     std::string	       	_M_int_enc;
72 
73     // Name of external character set encoding.
74     std::string  	_M_ext_enc;
75 
76     // Conversion descriptor between external encoding to internal encoding.
77     descriptor_type	_M_in_desc;
78 
79     // Conversion descriptor between internal encoding to external encoding.
80     descriptor_type	_M_out_desc;
81 
82     // The byte-order marker for the external encoding, if necessary.
83     int			_M_ext_bom;
84 
85     // The byte-order marker for the internal encoding, if necessary.
86     int			_M_int_bom;
87 
88     // Number of external bytes needed to construct one complete
89     // character in the internal encoding.
90     // NB: -1 indicates variable, or stateful, encodings.
91     int 		_M_bytes;
92 
93   public:
94     explicit
95     encoding_state()
96     : _M_in_desc(0), _M_out_desc(0), _M_ext_bom(0), _M_int_bom(0), _M_bytes(0)
97     { }
98 
99     explicit
100     encoding_state(const char* __int, const char* __ext,
101 		   int __ibom = 0, int __ebom = 0, int __bytes = 1)
102     : _M_int_enc(__int), _M_ext_enc(__ext), _M_in_desc(0), _M_out_desc(0),
103       _M_ext_bom(__ebom), _M_int_bom(__ibom), _M_bytes(__bytes)
104     { init(); }
105 
106     // 21.1.2 traits typedefs
107     // p4
108     // typedef STATE_T state_type
109     // requires: state_type shall meet the requirements of
110     // CopyConstructible types (20.1.3)
111     // NB: This does not preseve the actual state of the conversion
112     // descriptor member, but it does duplicate the encoding
113     // information.
114     encoding_state(const encoding_state& __obj) : _M_in_desc(0), _M_out_desc(0)
115     { construct(__obj); }
116 
117     // Need assignment operator as well.
118     encoding_state&
119     operator=(const encoding_state& __obj)
120     {
121       construct(__obj);
122       return *this;
123     }
124 
125     ~encoding_state()
126     { destroy(); }
127 
128     bool
129     good() const throw()
130     {
131       const descriptor_type __err = reinterpret_cast<iconv_t>(-1);
132       bool __test = _M_in_desc && _M_in_desc != __err;
133       __test &=  _M_out_desc && _M_out_desc != __err;
134       return __test;
135     }
136 
137     int
138     character_ratio() const
139     { return _M_bytes; }
140 
141     const std::string
142     internal_encoding() const
143     { return _M_int_enc; }
144 
145     int
146     internal_bom() const
147     { return _M_int_bom; }
148 
149     const std::string
150     external_encoding() const
151     { return _M_ext_enc; }
152 
153     int
154     external_bom() const
155     { return _M_ext_bom; }
156 
157     const descriptor_type&
158     in_descriptor() const
159     { return _M_in_desc; }
160 
161     const descriptor_type&
162     out_descriptor() const
163     { return _M_out_desc; }
164 
165   protected:
166     void
167     init()
168     {
169       const descriptor_type __err = reinterpret_cast<iconv_t>(-1);
170       const bool __have_encodings = _M_int_enc.size() && _M_ext_enc.size();
171       if (!_M_in_desc && __have_encodings)
172 	{
173 	  _M_in_desc = iconv_open(_M_int_enc.c_str(), _M_ext_enc.c_str());
174 	  if (_M_in_desc == __err)
175 	    std::__throw_runtime_error(__N("encoding_state::_M_init "
176 				    "creating iconv input descriptor failed"));
177 	}
178       if (!_M_out_desc && __have_encodings)
179 	{
180 	  _M_out_desc = iconv_open(_M_ext_enc.c_str(), _M_int_enc.c_str());
181 	  if (_M_out_desc == __err)
182 	    std::__throw_runtime_error(__N("encoding_state::_M_init "
183 				  "creating iconv output descriptor failed"));
184 	}
185     }
186 
187     void
188     construct(const encoding_state& __obj)
189     {
190       destroy();
191       _M_int_enc = __obj._M_int_enc;
192       _M_ext_enc = __obj._M_ext_enc;
193       _M_ext_bom = __obj._M_ext_bom;
194       _M_int_bom = __obj._M_int_bom;
195       _M_bytes = __obj._M_bytes;
196       init();
197     }
198 
199     void
200     destroy() throw()
201     {
202       const descriptor_type __err = reinterpret_cast<iconv_t>(-1);
203       if (_M_in_desc && _M_in_desc != __err)
204 	{
205 	  iconv_close(_M_in_desc);
206 	  _M_in_desc = 0;
207 	}
208       if (_M_out_desc && _M_out_desc != __err)
209 	{
210 	  iconv_close(_M_out_desc);
211 	  _M_out_desc = 0;
212 	}
213     }
214   };
215 
216   /// @brief  encoding_char_traits.
217   // Custom traits type with encoding_state for the state type, and the
218   // associated fpos<encoding_state> for the position type, all other
219   // bits equivalent to the required char_traits instantiations.
220   template<typename _CharT>
221     struct encoding_char_traits : public std::char_traits<_CharT>
222     {
223       typedef encoding_state				state_type;
224       typedef typename std::fpos<state_type>		pos_type;
225     };
226 
227 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE
228 
229 
230 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(std)
231 
232   using __gnu_cxx::encoding_state;
233 
234   /// @brief  codecvt<InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state> specialization.
235   // This partial specialization takes advantage of iconv to provide
236   // code conversions between a large number of character encodings.
237   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
238     class codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>
239     : public __codecvt_abstract_base<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>
240     {
241     public:
242       // Types:
243       typedef codecvt_base::result			result;
244       typedef _InternT 					intern_type;
245       typedef _ExternT 					extern_type;
246       typedef __gnu_cxx::encoding_state 		state_type;
247       typedef state_type::descriptor_type 		descriptor_type;
248 
249       // Data Members:
250       static locale::id 		id;
251 
252       explicit
253       codecvt(size_t __refs = 0)
254       : __codecvt_abstract_base<intern_type, extern_type, state_type>(__refs)
255       { }
256 
257       explicit
258       codecvt(state_type& __enc, size_t __refs = 0)
259       : __codecvt_abstract_base<intern_type, extern_type, state_type>(__refs)
260       { }
261 
262      protected:
263       virtual
264       ~codecvt() { }
265 
266       virtual result
267       do_out(state_type& __state, const intern_type* __from,
268 	     const intern_type* __from_end, const intern_type*& __from_next,
269 	     extern_type* __to, extern_type* __to_end,
270 	     extern_type*& __to_next) const;
271 
272       virtual result
273       do_unshift(state_type& __state, extern_type* __to,
274 		 extern_type* __to_end, extern_type*& __to_next) const;
275 
276       virtual result
277       do_in(state_type& __state, const extern_type* __from,
278 	    const extern_type* __from_end, const extern_type*& __from_next,
279 	    intern_type* __to, intern_type* __to_end,
280 	    intern_type*& __to_next) const;
281 
282       virtual int
283       do_encoding() const throw();
284 
285       virtual bool
286       do_always_noconv() const throw();
287 
288       virtual int
289       do_length(state_type&, const extern_type* __from,
290 		const extern_type* __end, size_t __max) const;
291 
292       virtual int
293       do_max_length() const throw();
294     };
295 
296   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
297     locale::id
298     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::id;
299 
300   // This adaptor works around the signature problems of the second
301   // argument to iconv():  SUSv2 and others use 'const char**', but glibc 2.2
302   // uses 'char**', which matches the POSIX 1003.1-2001 standard.
303   // Using this adaptor, g++ will do the work for us.
304   template<typename _Tp>
305     inline size_t
306     __iconv_adaptor(size_t(*__func)(iconv_t, _Tp, size_t*, char**, size_t*),
307                     iconv_t __cd, char** __inbuf, size_t* __inbytes,
308                     char** __outbuf, size_t* __outbytes)
309     { return __func(__cd, (_Tp)__inbuf, __inbytes, __outbuf, __outbytes); }
310 
311   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
312     codecvt_base::result
313     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
314     do_out(state_type& __state, const intern_type* __from,
315 	   const intern_type* __from_end, const intern_type*& __from_next,
316 	   extern_type* __to, extern_type* __to_end,
317 	   extern_type*& __to_next) const
318     {
319       result __ret = codecvt_base::error;
320       if (__state.good())
321 	{
322 	  const descriptor_type& __desc = __state.out_descriptor();
323 	  const size_t __fmultiple = sizeof(intern_type);
324 	  size_t __fbytes = __fmultiple * (__from_end - __from);
325 	  const size_t __tmultiple = sizeof(extern_type);
326 	  size_t __tbytes = __tmultiple * (__to_end - __to);
327 
328 	  // Argument list for iconv specifies a byte sequence. Thus,
329 	  // all to/from arrays must be brutally casted to char*.
330 	  char* __cto = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__to);
331 	  char* __cfrom;
332 	  size_t __conv;
333 
334 	  // Some encodings need a byte order marker as the first item
335 	  // in the byte stream, to designate endian-ness. The default
336 	  // value for the byte order marker is NULL, so if this is
337 	  // the case, it's not necessary and we can just go on our
338 	  // merry way.
339 	  int __int_bom = __state.internal_bom();
340 	  if (__int_bom)
341 	    {
342 	      size_t __size = __from_end - __from;
343 	      intern_type* __cfixed = static_cast<intern_type*>
344 		(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(intern_type) * (__size + 1)));
345 	      __cfixed[0] = static_cast<intern_type>(__int_bom);
346 	      char_traits<intern_type>::copy(__cfixed + 1, __from, __size);
347 	      __cfrom = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__cfixed);
348 	      __conv = __iconv_adaptor(iconv, __desc, &__cfrom,
349                                         &__fbytes, &__cto, &__tbytes);
350 	    }
351 	  else
352 	    {
353 	      intern_type* __cfixed = const_cast<intern_type*>(__from);
354 	      __cfrom = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__cfixed);
355 	      __conv = __iconv_adaptor(iconv, __desc, &__cfrom, &__fbytes,
356 				       &__cto, &__tbytes);
357 	    }
358 
359 	  if (__conv != size_t(-1))
360 	    {
361 	      __from_next = reinterpret_cast<const intern_type*>(__cfrom);
362 	      __to_next = reinterpret_cast<extern_type*>(__cto);
363 	      __ret = codecvt_base::ok;
364 	    }
365 	  else
366 	    {
367 	      if (__fbytes < __fmultiple * (__from_end - __from))
368 		{
369 		  __from_next = reinterpret_cast<const intern_type*>(__cfrom);
370 		  __to_next = reinterpret_cast<extern_type*>(__cto);
371 		  __ret = codecvt_base::partial;
372 		}
373 	      else
374 		__ret = codecvt_base::error;
375 	    }
376 	}
377       return __ret;
378     }
379 
380   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
381     codecvt_base::result
382     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
383     do_unshift(state_type& __state, extern_type* __to,
384 	       extern_type* __to_end, extern_type*& __to_next) const
385     {
386       result __ret = codecvt_base::error;
387       if (__state.good())
388 	{
389 	  const descriptor_type& __desc = __state.in_descriptor();
390 	  const size_t __tmultiple = sizeof(intern_type);
391 	  size_t __tlen = __tmultiple * (__to_end - __to);
392 
393 	  // Argument list for iconv specifies a byte sequence. Thus,
394 	  // all to/from arrays must be brutally casted to char*.
395 	  char* __cto = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__to);
396 	  size_t __conv = __iconv_adaptor(iconv,__desc, NULL, NULL,
397                                           &__cto, &__tlen);
398 
399 	  if (__conv != size_t(-1))
400 	    {
401 	      __to_next = reinterpret_cast<extern_type*>(__cto);
402 	      if (__tlen == __tmultiple * (__to_end - __to))
403 		__ret = codecvt_base::noconv;
404 	      else if (__tlen == 0)
405 		__ret = codecvt_base::ok;
406 	      else
407 		__ret = codecvt_base::partial;
408 	    }
409 	  else
410 	    __ret = codecvt_base::error;
411 	}
412       return __ret;
413     }
414 
415   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
416     codecvt_base::result
417     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
418     do_in(state_type& __state, const extern_type* __from,
419 	  const extern_type* __from_end, const extern_type*& __from_next,
420 	  intern_type* __to, intern_type* __to_end,
421 	  intern_type*& __to_next) const
422     {
423       result __ret = codecvt_base::error;
424       if (__state.good())
425 	{
426 	  const descriptor_type& __desc = __state.in_descriptor();
427 	  const size_t __fmultiple = sizeof(extern_type);
428 	  size_t __flen = __fmultiple * (__from_end - __from);
429 	  const size_t __tmultiple = sizeof(intern_type);
430 	  size_t __tlen = __tmultiple * (__to_end - __to);
431 
432 	  // Argument list for iconv specifies a byte sequence. Thus,
433 	  // all to/from arrays must be brutally casted to char*.
434 	  char* __cto = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__to);
435 	  char* __cfrom;
436 	  size_t __conv;
437 
438 	  // Some encodings need a byte order marker as the first item
439 	  // in the byte stream, to designate endian-ness. The default
440 	  // value for the byte order marker is NULL, so if this is
441 	  // the case, it's not necessary and we can just go on our
442 	  // merry way.
443 	  int __ext_bom = __state.external_bom();
444 	  if (__ext_bom)
445 	    {
446 	      size_t __size = __from_end - __from;
447 	      extern_type* __cfixed =  static_cast<extern_type*>
448 		(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(extern_type) * (__size + 1)));
449 	      __cfixed[0] = static_cast<extern_type>(__ext_bom);
450 	      char_traits<extern_type>::copy(__cfixed + 1, __from, __size);
451 	      __cfrom = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__cfixed);
452 	      __conv = __iconv_adaptor(iconv, __desc, &__cfrom,
453                                        &__flen, &__cto, &__tlen);
454 	    }
455 	  else
456 	    {
457 	      extern_type* __cfixed = const_cast<extern_type*>(__from);
458 	      __cfrom = reinterpret_cast<char*>(__cfixed);
459 	      __conv = __iconv_adaptor(iconv, __desc, &__cfrom,
460                                        &__flen, &__cto, &__tlen);
461 	    }
462 
463 
464 	  if (__conv != size_t(-1))
465 	    {
466 	      __from_next = reinterpret_cast<const extern_type*>(__cfrom);
467 	      __to_next = reinterpret_cast<intern_type*>(__cto);
468 	      __ret = codecvt_base::ok;
469 	    }
470 	  else
471 	    {
472 	      if (__flen < static_cast<size_t>(__from_end - __from))
473 		{
474 		  __from_next = reinterpret_cast<const extern_type*>(__cfrom);
475 		  __to_next = reinterpret_cast<intern_type*>(__cto);
476 		  __ret = codecvt_base::partial;
477 		}
478 	      else
479 		__ret = codecvt_base::error;
480 	    }
481 	}
482       return __ret;
483     }
484 
485   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
486     int
487     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
488     do_encoding() const throw()
489     {
490       int __ret = 0;
491       if (sizeof(_ExternT) <= sizeof(_InternT))
492 	__ret = sizeof(_InternT) / sizeof(_ExternT);
493       return __ret;
494     }
495 
496   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
497     bool
498     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
499     do_always_noconv() const throw()
500     { return false; }
501 
502   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
503     int
504     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
505     do_length(state_type&, const extern_type* __from,
506 	      const extern_type* __end, size_t __max) const
507     { return std::min(__max, static_cast<size_t>(__end - __from)); }
508 
509   // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
510   // 74.  Garbled text for codecvt::do_max_length
511   template<typename _InternT, typename _ExternT>
512     int
513     codecvt<_InternT, _ExternT, encoding_state>::
514     do_max_length() const throw()
515     { return 1; }
516 
517 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE
518 
519 #endif
520 
521 #endif
522