1@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 2003 2@c Free Software Foundation, Inc. 3@c This is part of the GAS manual. 4@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. 5@ifset GENERIC 6@page 7@node Z8000-Dependent 8@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 9@end ifset 10@ifclear GENERIC 11@node Machine Dependencies 12@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 13@end ifclear 14 15@cindex Z8000 support 16The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the 17unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with 1824 bit addresses. 19 20When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the 21@code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit) 22sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with 23the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit) 24register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000}, 25for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives. 26 27@menu 28* Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000 29* Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000 30* Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000 31* Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes 32@end menu 33 34@node Z8000 Options 35@section Options 36 37@cindex Z8000 options 38@cindex options, Z8000 39@table @option 40@cindex @code{-z8001} command line option, Z8000 41@item -z8001 42Generate segmented code by default. 43 44@cindex @code{-z8002} command line option, Z8000 45@item -z8002 46Generate unsegmented code by default. 47@end table 48 49@node Z8000 Syntax 50@section Syntax 51@menu 52* Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters 53* Z8000-Regs:: Register Names 54* Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes 55@end menu 56 57@node Z8000-Chars 58@subsection Special Characters 59 60@cindex line comment character, Z8000 61@cindex Z8000 line comment character 62@samp{!} is the line comment character. 63 64@cindex line separator, Z8000 65@cindex statement separator, Z8000 66@cindex Z8000 line separator 67You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements. 68 69@node Z8000-Regs 70@subsection Register Names 71 72@cindex Z8000 registers 73@cindex registers, Z8000 74The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer 75to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the 76prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and 77@samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of 78the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are 79named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}. 80 81@smallexample 82@exdent @emph{byte registers} 83rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3 84rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7 85 86@exdent @emph{word registers} 87r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 88 89@exdent @emph{long word registers} 90rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14 91 92@exdent @emph{quad word registers} 93rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12 94@end smallexample 95 96@node Z8000-Addressing 97@subsection Addressing Modes 98 99@cindex addressing modes, Z8000 100@cindex Z800 addressing modes 101@value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000: 102 103@table @code 104@item rl@var{n} 105@itemx rh@var{n} 106@itemx r@var{n} 107@itemx rr@var{n} 108@itemx rq@var{n} 109Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers. 110 111@item @@r@var{n} 112@itemx @@rr@var{n} 113Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented 114mode. 115 116@item @var{addr} 117Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler 118is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction. 119 120@item address(r@var{n}) 121Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce 122the final address in memory of the operand. 123 124@item r@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 125@itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 126Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign 127extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory 128of the operand. 129 130@item r@var{n}(r@var{m}) 131@itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m}) 132Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to 133the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final 134address in memory of the operand. 135 136@item #@var{xx} 137Immediate data @var{xx}. 138@end table 139 140@node Z8000 Directives 141@section Assembler Directives for the Z8000 142 143@cindex Z8000 directives 144@cindex directives, Z8000 145The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives, 146for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with 147@samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives). 148 149@table @code 150@kindex segm 151@item segm 152@kindex .z8001 153@itemx .z8001 154Generate code for the segmented Z8001. 155 156@kindex unsegm 157@item unsegm 158@kindex .z8002 159@itemx .z8002 160Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002. 161 162@kindex name 163@item name 164Synonym for @code{.file} 165 166@kindex global 167@item global 168Synonym for @code{.global} 169 170@kindex wval 171@item wval 172Synonym for @code{.word} 173 174@kindex lval 175@item lval 176Synonym for @code{.long} 177 178@kindex bval 179@item bval 180Synonym for @code{.byte} 181 182@kindex sval 183@item sval 184Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by 185single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive 186addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where 187@var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the 188character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to 189describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string 190literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a = 191"he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language 192(shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as 193 194@iftex 195@begingroup 196@let@nonarrowing=@comment 197@end iftex 198@smallexample 19968652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00' 20061696420 20122697427 20273203530 20325206F66 204662200 205@end smallexample 206@iftex 207@endgroup 208@end iftex 209 210@kindex rsect 211@item rsect 212synonym for @code{.section} 213 214@kindex block 215@item block 216synonym for @code{.space} 217 218@kindex even 219@item even 220special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary. 221@end table 222 223@node Z8000 Opcodes 224@section Opcodes 225 226@cindex Z8000 opcode summary 227@cindex opcode summary, Z8000 228@cindex mnemonics, Z8000 229@cindex instruction summary, Z8000 230For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see 231@cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}. 232 233@ifset SMALL 234@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly 235@c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file. 236 237The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments: 238@iftex 239@begingroup 240@let@nonarrowing=@comment 241@end iftex 242@smallexample 243 244 rs @r{16 bit source register} 245 rd @r{16 bit destination register} 246 rbs @r{8 bit source register} 247 rbd @r{8 bit destination register} 248 rrs @r{32 bit source register} 249 rrd @r{32 bit destination register} 250 rqs @r{64 bit source register} 251 rqd @r{64 bit destination register} 252 addr @r{16/24 bit address} 253 imm @r{immediate data} 254 255adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 256adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 257add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd 258add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7 259add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1 260add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1 261add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1 262addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1 263addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1 264addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1 265addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1 266addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1 267addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2 268addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs 269addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr 270addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs) 271addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16 272and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs 273and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs 274and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr 275and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs) 276and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32 277andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs 278andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7 279andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2 280andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs 281andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr 282bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs) 283bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs 284bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs 285bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr 286bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs) 287bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs 288bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8 289bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8 290bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8 291bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8 292bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd 293call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd 294call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd 295call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt 296calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs 297clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16 298clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs 299clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16 300clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1 301clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1 302inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs) 303inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16 304incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs 305incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs 306incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr 307incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs) 308ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32 309indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs 310inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd 311inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr 312iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd) 313jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd 314jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd 315jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr 316jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd) 317ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd 318ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop 319ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs 320ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr 321ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs) 322ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16 323ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs 324ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs 325ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr 326ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs) 327ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8 328ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs 329ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs 330ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs 331ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs 332lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs 333lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra 334lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 335lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra 336ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra 337ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs 338ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs 339ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs 340ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs 341ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs 342ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs 343ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs 344ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs 345ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs 346ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr 347ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs) 348ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16 349push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32 350pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs 351pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd 352pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd 353pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd 354res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr 355res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd) 356res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd 357res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd 358res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr 359resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd) 360resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd 361resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd 362resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr 363resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd) 364resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd 365ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 366rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba 367rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr 368rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr 369rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 370rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr 371rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 372rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 373rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd 374rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr 375rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd) 376rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd 377rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd 378rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr 379rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd) 380rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd 381rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs 382rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr 383rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs) 384sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16 385sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs 386sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs 387sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr 388sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs) 389sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8 390sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs 391sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs 392sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs 393set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr 394set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs) 395@end smallexample 396@iftex 397@endgroup 398@end iftex 399@end ifset 400 401