1 /* dl_vms.xs
2  *
3  * Platform:  OpenVMS, VAX or AXP
4  * Author:    Charles Bailey  bailey@newman.upenn.edu
5  * Revised:   12-Dec-1994
6  *
7  *                           Implementation Note
8  *     This section is added as an aid to users and DynaLoader developers, in
9  * order to clarify the process of dynamic linking under VMS.
10  *     dl_vms.xs uses the supported VMS dynamic linking call, which allows
11  * a running program to map an arbitrary file of executable code and call
12  * routines within that file.  This is done via the VMS RTL routine
13  * lib$find_image_symbol, whose calling sequence is as follows:
14  *   status = lib$find_image_symbol(imgname,symname,symval,defspec);
15  *   where
16  *     status  = a standard VMS status value (unsigned long int)
17  *     imgname = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
18  *               reference, containing the NAME ONLY of the image
19  *               file to be mapped.  An attempt will be made to
20  *               translate this string as a logical name, so it may
21  *               not contain any characters which are not allowed in
22  *               logical names.  If no translation is found, imgname
23  *               is used directly as the name of the image file.
24  *     symname = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
25  *               reference, containing the name of the routine
26  *               to be located.
27  *     symval  = an unsigned long int, passed by reference, into
28  *               which is written the entry point address of the
29  *               routine whose name is specified in symname.
30  *     defspec = a fixed-length string descriptor, passed by
31  *               reference, containing a default file specification
32  *               whichis used to fill in any missing parts of the
33  *               image file specification after the imgname argument
34  *               is processed.
35  * In order to accommodate the handling of the imgname argument, the routine
36  * dl_expandspec() is provided for use by perl code (e.g. dl_findfile)
37  * which wants to see what image file lib$find_image_symbol would use if
38  * it were passed a given file specification.  The file specification passed
39  * to dl_expandspec() and dl_load_file() can be partial or complete, and can
40  * use VMS or Unix syntax; these routines perform the necessary conversions.
41  *    In general, writers of perl extensions need only conform to the
42  * procedures set out in the DynaLoader documentation, and let the details
43  * be taken care of by the routines here and in DynaLoader.pm.  If anyone
44  * comes across any incompatibilities, please let me know.  Thanks.
45  *
46  */
47 
48 #include "EXTERN.h"
49 #include "perl.h"
50 #include "XSUB.h"
51 
52 /* N.B.:
53  * dl_debug and dl_last_error are static vars; you'll need to deal
54  * with them appropriately if you need context independence
55  */
56 
57 #include <descrip.h>
58 #include <fscndef.h>
59 #include <lib$routines.h>
60 #include <rms.h>
61 #include <ssdef.h>
62 #include <starlet.h>
63 
64 #if defined(VMS_WE_ARE_CASE_SENSITIVE)
65 #define DL_CASE_SENSITIVE 1<<4
66 #else
67 #define DL_CASE_SENSITIVE 0
68 #endif
69 
70 typedef unsigned long int vmssts;
71 
72 struct libref {
73   struct dsc$descriptor_s name;
74   struct dsc$descriptor_s defspec;
75 };
76 
77 typedef struct {
78     AV *	x_require_symbols;
79 /* "Static" data for dl_expand_filespec() - This is static to save
80  * initialization on each call; if you need context-independence,
81  * just make these auto variables in dl_expandspec() and dl_load_file()
82  */
83     char	x_esa[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
84     char	x_rsa[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
85     struct FAB	x_fab;
86     struct NAM	x_nam;
87 } my_cxtx_t;		/* this *must* be named my_cxtx_t */
88 
89 #define DL_CXT_EXTRA	/* ask for dl_cxtx to be defined in dlutils.c */
90 #include "dlutils.c"    /* dl_debug, dl_last_error; SaveError not used  */
91 
92 #define dl_require_symbols	(dl_cxtx.x_require_symbols)
93 #define dl_esa			(dl_cxtx.x_esa)
94 #define dl_rsa			(dl_cxtx.x_rsa)
95 #define dl_fab			(dl_cxtx.x_fab)
96 #define dl_nam			(dl_cxtx.x_nam)
97 
98 /* $PutMsg action routine - records error message in dl_last_error */
99 static vmssts
100 copy_errmsg(msg,unused)
101     struct dsc$descriptor_s *   msg;
102     vmssts  unused;
103 {
104     dTHX;
105     dMY_CXT;
106     if (*(msg->dsc$a_pointer) == '%') { /* first line */
107       if (dl_last_error)
108         strncpy((dl_last_error = saferealloc(dl_last_error,msg->dsc$w_length+1)),
109                  msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
110       else
111         strncpy((dl_last_error = safemalloc(msg->dsc$w_length+1)),
112                  msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
113       dl_last_error[msg->dsc$w_length] = '\0';
114     }
115     else { /* continuation line */
116       int errlen = strlen(dl_last_error);
117       dl_last_error = saferealloc(dl_last_error, errlen + msg->dsc$w_length + 2);
118       dl_last_error[errlen] = '\n';  dl_last_error[errlen+1] = '\0';
119       strncat(dl_last_error, msg->dsc$a_pointer, msg->dsc$w_length);
120       dl_last_error[errlen+msg->dsc$w_length+1] = '\0';
121     }
122     return 0;
123 }
124 
125 /* Use $PutMsg to retrieve error message for failure status code */
126 static void
127 dl_set_error(sts,stv)
128     vmssts  sts;
129     vmssts  stv;
130 {
131     vmssts vec[3];
132     dTHX;
133 
134     vec[0] = stv ? 2 : 1;
135     vec[1] = sts;  vec[2] = stv;
136     _ckvmssts(sys$putmsg(vec,copy_errmsg,0,0));
137 }
138 
139 static unsigned int
140 findsym_handler(void *sig, void *mech)
141 {
142     dTHX;
143     unsigned long int myvec[8],args, *usig = (unsigned long int *) sig;
144     /* Be paranoid and assume signal vector passed in might be readonly */
145     myvec[0] = args = usig[0] > 10 ? 9 : usig[0] - 1;
146     while (--args) myvec[args] = usig[args];
147     _ckvmssts(sys$putmsg(myvec,copy_errmsg,0,0));
148     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "findsym_handler: received\n\t%s\n",dl_last_error));
149     return SS$_CONTINUE;
150 }
151 
152 /* wrapper for lib$find_image_symbol, so signalled errors can be saved
153  * for dl_error and then returned */
154 static unsigned long int
155 my_find_image_symbol(struct dsc$descriptor_s *imgname,
156                      struct dsc$descriptor_s *symname,
157                      void (**entry)(),
158                      struct dsc$descriptor_s *defspec)
159 {
160   unsigned long int retsts;
161   VAXC$ESTABLISH(findsym_handler);
162   retsts = lib$find_image_symbol(imgname,symname,entry,defspec,DL_CASE_SENSITIVE);
163   return retsts;
164 }
165 
166 
167 static void
168 dl_private_init(pTHX)
169 {
170     dl_generic_private_init(aTHX);
171     {
172 	dMY_CXT;
173 	dl_require_symbols = get_av("DynaLoader::dl_require_symbols", 0x4);
174 	/* Set up the static control blocks for dl_expand_filespec() */
175 	dl_fab = cc$rms_fab;
176 	dl_nam = cc$rms_nam;
177 	dl_fab.fab$l_nam = &dl_nam;
178 	dl_nam.nam$l_esa = dl_esa;
179 	dl_nam.nam$b_ess = sizeof dl_esa;
180 	dl_nam.nam$l_rsa = dl_rsa;
181 	dl_nam.nam$b_rss = sizeof dl_rsa;
182     }
183 }
184 MODULE = DynaLoader PACKAGE = DynaLoader
185 
186 BOOT:
187     (void)dl_private_init(aTHX);
188 
189 void
190 dl_expandspec(filespec)
191     char *	filespec
192     CODE:
193     char vmsspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS], defspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
194     size_t deflen;
195     vmssts sts;
196     dMY_CXT;
197 
198     tovmsspec(filespec,vmsspec);
199     dl_fab.fab$l_fna = vmsspec;
200     dl_fab.fab$b_fns = strlen(vmsspec);
201     dl_fab.fab$l_dna = 0;
202     dl_fab.fab$b_dns = 0;
203     DLDEBUG(1,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "dl_expand_filespec(%s):\n",vmsspec));
204     /* On the first pass, just parse the specification string */
205     dl_nam.nam$b_nop = NAM$M_SYNCHK;
206     sts = sys$parse(&dl_fab);
207     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tSYNCHK sys$parse = %d\n",sts));
208     if (!(sts & 1)) {
209       dl_set_error(dl_fab.fab$l_sts,dl_fab.fab$l_stv);
210       ST(0) = &PL_sv_undef;
211     }
212     else {
213       /* Now set up a default spec - everything but the name */
214       deflen = dl_nam.nam$l_name - dl_esa;
215       memcpy(defspec,dl_esa,deflen);
216       memcpy(defspec+deflen,dl_nam.nam$l_type,
217              dl_nam.nam$b_type + dl_nam.nam$b_ver);
218       deflen += dl_nam.nam$b_type + dl_nam.nam$b_ver;
219       memcpy(vmsspec,dl_nam.nam$l_name,dl_nam.nam$b_name);
220       DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tsplit filespec: name = %.*s, default = %.*s\n",
221                         dl_nam.nam$b_name,vmsspec,deflen,defspec));
222       /* . . . and go back to expand it */
223       dl_nam.nam$b_nop = 0;
224       dl_fab.fab$l_dna = defspec;
225       dl_fab.fab$b_dns = deflen;
226       dl_fab.fab$b_fns = dl_nam.nam$b_name;
227       sts = sys$parse(&dl_fab);
228       DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tname/default sys$parse = %d\n",sts));
229       if (!(sts & 1)) {
230         dl_set_error(dl_fab.fab$l_sts,dl_fab.fab$l_stv);
231         ST(0) = &PL_sv_undef;
232       }
233       else {
234         /* Now find the actual file */
235         sts = sys$search(&dl_fab);
236         DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tsys$search = %d\n",sts));
237         if (!(sts & 1)) {
238           dl_set_error(dl_fab.fab$l_sts,dl_fab.fab$l_stv);
239           ST(0) = &PL_sv_undef;
240         }
241         else {
242           ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(dl_nam.nam$l_rsa,dl_nam.nam$b_rsl));
243           DLDEBUG(1,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tresult = \\%.*s\\\n",
244                             dl_nam.nam$b_rsl,dl_nam.nam$l_rsa));
245         }
246       }
247     }
248 
249 void
250 dl_load_file(filespec, flags)
251     char *	filespec
252     int		flags
253     PREINIT:
254     dTHX;
255     dMY_CXT;
256     char vmsspec[NAM$C_MAXRSS];
257     SV *reqSV, **reqSVhndl;
258     STRLEN deflen;
259     struct dsc$descriptor_s
260       specdsc = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0},
261       symdsc  = {0, DSC$K_DTYPE_T, DSC$K_CLASS_S, 0};
262     struct fscnlst {
263       unsigned short int len;
264       unsigned short int code;
265       char *string;
266     }  namlst[2] = {{0,FSCN$_NAME,0},{0,0,0}};
267     struct libref *dlptr;
268     vmssts sts, failed = 0;
269     void (*entry)();
270     CODE:
271 
272     DLDEBUG(1,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "dl_load_file(%s,%x):\n", filespec,flags));
273     specdsc.dsc$a_pointer = tovmsspec(filespec,vmsspec);
274     specdsc.dsc$w_length = strlen(specdsc.dsc$a_pointer);
275     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tVMS-ified filespec is %s\n",
276                       specdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
277     Newx(dlptr,1,struct libref);
278     dlptr->name.dsc$b_dtype = dlptr->defspec.dsc$b_dtype = DSC$K_DTYPE_T;
279     dlptr->name.dsc$b_class = dlptr->defspec.dsc$b_class = DSC$K_CLASS_S;
280     sts = sys$filescan(&specdsc,namlst,0);
281     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tsys$filescan: returns %d, name is %.*s\n",
282                       sts,namlst[0].len,namlst[0].string));
283     if (!(sts & 1)) {
284       failed = 1;
285       dl_set_error(sts,0);
286     }
287     else {
288       dlptr->name.dsc$w_length = namlst[0].len;
289       dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer = savepvn(namlst[0].string,namlst[0].len);
290       dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length = specdsc.dsc$w_length - namlst[0].len;
291       Newx(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer, dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length + 1, char);
292       deflen = namlst[0].string - specdsc.dsc$a_pointer;
293       memcpy(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer,specdsc.dsc$a_pointer,deflen);
294       memcpy(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer + deflen,
295              namlst[0].string + namlst[0].len,
296              dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length - deflen);
297       DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tlibref = name: %s, defspec: %.*s\n",
298                         dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer,
299                         dlptr->defspec.dsc$w_length,
300                         dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer));
301       if (!(reqSVhndl = av_fetch(dl_require_symbols,0,FALSE)) || !(reqSV = *reqSVhndl)) {
302         DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t@dl_require_symbols empty, returning untested libref\n"));
303       }
304       else {
305         symdsc.dsc$w_length = SvCUR(reqSV);
306         symdsc.dsc$a_pointer = SvPVX(reqSV);
307         DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t$dl_require_symbols[0] = %.*s\n",
308                           symdsc.dsc$w_length, symdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
309         sts = my_find_image_symbol(&(dlptr->name),&symdsc,
310                                     &entry,&(dlptr->defspec));
311         DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tlib$find_image_symbol returns %d\n",sts));
312         if (!(sts&1)) {
313           failed = 1;
314           dl_set_error(sts,0);
315         }
316       }
317     }
318 
319     if (failed) {
320       Safefree(dlptr->name.dsc$a_pointer);
321       Safefree(dlptr->defspec.dsc$a_pointer);
322       Safefree(dlptr);
323       ST(0) = &PL_sv_undef;
324     }
325     else {
326       ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSViv(PTR2IV(dlptr)));
327     }
328 
329 
330 void
331 dl_find_symbol(librefptr,symname)
332     void *	librefptr
333     SV *	symname
334     CODE:
335     struct libref thislib = *((struct libref *)librefptr);
336     struct dsc$descriptor_s
337       symdsc = {SvCUR(symname),DSC$K_DTYPE_T,DSC$K_CLASS_S,SvPVX(symname)};
338     void (*entry)();
339     vmssts sts;
340 
341     DLDEBUG(1,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "dl_find_dymbol(%.*s,%.*s):\n",
342                       thislib.name.dsc$w_length, thislib.name.dsc$a_pointer,
343                       symdsc.dsc$w_length,symdsc.dsc$a_pointer));
344     sts = my_find_image_symbol(&(thislib.name),&symdsc,
345                                &entry,&(thislib.defspec));
346     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tlib$find_image_symbol returns %d\n",sts));
347     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\tentry point is %d\n",
348                       (unsigned long int) entry));
349     if (!(sts & 1)) {
350       /* error message already saved by findsym_handler */
351       ST(0) = &PL_sv_undef;
352     }
353     else ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newSViv(PTR2IV(entry)));
354 
355 
356 void
357 dl_undef_symbols()
358     PPCODE:
359 
360 
361 # These functions should not need changing on any platform:
362 
363 void
364 dl_install_xsub(perl_name, symref, filename="$Package")
365     char *	perl_name
366     void *	symref
367     char *	filename
368     CODE:
369     DLDEBUG(2,PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "dl_install_xsub(name=%s, symref=%x)\n",
370         perl_name, symref));
371     ST(0) = sv_2mortal(newRV((SV*)newXS(perl_name,
372 				      (void(*)(pTHX_ CV *))symref,
373 				      filename)));
374 
375 
376 char *
377 dl_error()
378     CODE:
379     dMY_CXT;
380     RETVAL = dl_last_error ;
381     OUTPUT:
382       RETVAL
383 
384 # end.
385