xref: /openbsd/gnu/usr.bin/perl/sv.h (revision 8932bfb7)
1 /*    sv.h
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4  *    2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 #ifdef sv_flags
12 #undef sv_flags		/* Convex has this in <signal.h> for sigvec() */
13 #endif
14 
15 /*
16 =head1 SV Flags
17 
18 =for apidoc AmU||svtype
19 An enum of flags for Perl types.  These are found in the file B<sv.h>
20 in the C<svtype> enum.  Test these flags with the C<SvTYPE> macro.
21 
22 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PV
23 Pointer type flag for scalars.  See C<svtype>.
24 
25 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_IV
26 Integer type flag for scalars.  See C<svtype>.
27 
28 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_NV
29 Double type flag for scalars.  See C<svtype>.
30 
31 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVMG
32 Type flag for blessed scalars.  See C<svtype>.
33 
34 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVAV
35 Type flag for arrays.  See C<svtype>.
36 
37 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVHV
38 Type flag for hashes.  See C<svtype>.
39 
40 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVCV
41 Type flag for code refs.  See C<svtype>.
42 
43 =cut
44 */
45 
46 typedef enum {
47 	SVt_NULL,	/* 0 */
48 	SVt_BIND,	/* 1 */
49 	SVt_IV,		/* 2 */
50 	SVt_NV,		/* 3 */
51 	/* RV was here, before it was merged with IV.  */
52 	SVt_PV,		/* 4 */
53 	SVt_PVIV,	/* 5 */
54 	SVt_PVNV,	/* 6 */
55 	SVt_PVMG,	/* 7 */
56 	SVt_REGEXP,	/* 8 */
57 	/* PVBM was here, before BIND replaced it.  */
58 	SVt_PVGV,	/* 9 */
59 	SVt_PVLV,	/* 10 */
60 	SVt_PVAV,	/* 11 */
61 	SVt_PVHV,	/* 12 */
62 	SVt_PVCV,	/* 13 */
63 	SVt_PVFM,	/* 14 */
64 	SVt_PVIO,	/* 15 */
65 	SVt_LAST	/* keep last in enum. used to size arrays */
66 } svtype;
67 
68 #ifndef PERL_CORE
69 /* Although Fast Boyer Moore tables are now being stored in PVGVs, for most
70    purposes eternal code wanting to consider PVBM probably needs to think of
71    PVMG instead.  */
72 #  define SVt_PVBM	SVt_PVMG
73 /* Anything wanting to create a reference from clean should ensure that it has
74    a scalar of type SVt_IV now:  */
75 #  define SVt_RV	SVt_IV
76 #endif
77 
78 /* There is collusion here with sv_clear - sv_clear exits early for SVt_NULL
79    and SVt_IV, so never reaches the clause at the end that uses
80    sv_type_details->body_size to determine whether to call safefree(). Hence
81    body_size can be set no-zero to record the size of PTEs and HEs, without
82    fear of bogus frees.  */
83 #ifdef PERL_IN_SV_C
84 #define PTE_SVSLOT	SVt_IV
85 #endif
86 #if defined(PERL_IN_HV_C) || defined(PERL_IN_XS_APITEST)
87 #define HE_SVSLOT	SVt_NULL
88 #endif
89 
90 #define PERL_ARENA_ROOTS_SIZE	(SVt_LAST)
91 
92 /* typedefs to eliminate some typing */
93 typedef struct he HE;
94 typedef struct hek HEK;
95 
96 /* Using C's structural equivalence to help emulate C++ inheritance here... */
97 
98 /* start with 2 sv-head building blocks */
99 #define _SV_HEAD(ptrtype) \
100     ptrtype	sv_any;		/* pointer to body */	\
101     U32		sv_refcnt;	/* how many references to us */	\
102     U32		sv_flags	/* what we are */
103 
104 #define _SV_HEAD_UNION \
105     union {				\
106 	char*   svu_pv;		/* pointer to malloced string */	\
107 	IV      svu_iv;			\
108 	UV      svu_uv;			\
109 	SV*     svu_rv;		/* pointer to another SV */		\
110 	SV**    svu_array;		\
111 	HE**	svu_hash;		\
112 	GP*	svu_gp;			\
113     }	sv_u
114 
115 
116 struct STRUCT_SV {		/* struct sv { */
117     _SV_HEAD(void*);
118     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
119 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
120     PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_optype:9;	/* the type of OP that allocated us */
121     PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_inpad:1;	/* was allocated in a pad for an OP */
122     PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_cloned:1;	/* was cloned for an ithread */
123     PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_line:16;	/* the line where we were allocated */
124     U32		    sv_debug_serial;	/* serial number of sv allocation   */
125     char *	sv_debug_file;		/* the file where we were allocated */
126 #endif
127 };
128 
129 struct gv {
130     _SV_HEAD(XPVGV*);		/* pointer to xpvgv body */
131     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
132 };
133 
134 struct cv {
135     _SV_HEAD(XPVCV*);		/* pointer to xpvcv body */
136     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
137 };
138 
139 struct av {
140     _SV_HEAD(XPVAV*);		/* pointer to xpvav body */
141     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
142 };
143 
144 struct hv {
145     _SV_HEAD(XPVHV*);		/* pointer to xpvhv body */
146     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
147 };
148 
149 struct io {
150     _SV_HEAD(XPVIO*);		/* pointer to xpvio body */
151     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
152 };
153 
154 struct p5rx {
155     _SV_HEAD(struct regexp*);	/* pointer to regexp body */
156     _SV_HEAD_UNION;
157 };
158 
159 #undef _SV_HEAD
160 #undef _SV_HEAD_UNION		/* ensure no pollution */
161 
162 /*
163 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
164 
165 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvREFCNT|SV* sv
166 Returns the value of the object's reference count.
167 
168 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc|SV* sv
169 Increments the reference count of the given SV.
170 
171 All of the following SvREFCNT_inc* macros are optimized versions of
172 SvREFCNT_inc, and can be replaced with SvREFCNT_inc.
173 
174 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_NN|SV* sv
175 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
176 is not NULL.  Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
177 and smaller.
178 
179 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_void|SV* sv
180 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the
181 return value.  The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
182 
183 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN|SV* sv
184 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the return
185 value, and you know that I<sv> is not NULL.  The macro doesn't need
186 to return a meaningful value, or check for NULLness, so it's smaller
187 and faster.
188 
189 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_simple|SV* sv
190 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used with expressions without side
191 effects.  Since we don't have to store a temporary value, it's faster.
192 
193 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN|SV* sv
194 Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
195 is not NULL.  Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
196 and smaller.
197 
198 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void|SV* sv
199 Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you don't need the
200 return value.  The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
201 
202 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN|SV* sv
203 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the return
204 value, and you know that I<sv> is not NULL.  The macro doesn't need
205 to return a meaningful value, or check for NULLness, so it's smaller
206 and faster.
207 
208 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_dec|SV* sv
209 Decrements the reference count of the given SV.
210 
211 =for apidoc Am|svtype|SvTYPE|SV* sv
212 Returns the type of the SV.  See C<svtype>.
213 
214 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUPGRADE|SV* sv|svtype type
215 Used to upgrade an SV to a more complex form.  Uses C<sv_upgrade> to
216 perform the upgrade if necessary.  See C<svtype>.
217 
218 =cut
219 */
220 
221 #define SvANY(sv)	(sv)->sv_any
222 #define SvFLAGS(sv)	(sv)->sv_flags
223 #define SvREFCNT(sv)	(sv)->sv_refcnt
224 
225 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
226 #  define SvREFCNT_inc(sv)		\
227     ({					\
228 	SV * const _sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
229 	if (_sv)			\
230 	     (SvREFCNT(_sv))++;		\
231 	_sv;				\
232     })
233 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv)	\
234     ({					\
235 	if (sv)				\
236 	     (SvREFCNT(sv))++;		\
237 	MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
238     })
239 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_NN(sv)		\
240     ({					\
241 	SV * const _sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
242 	SvREFCNT(_sv)++;		\
243 	_sv;				\
244     })
245 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_void(sv)		\
246     ({					\
247 	SV * const _sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
248 	if (_sv)			\
249 	    (void)(SvREFCNT(_sv)++);	\
250     })
251 #else
252 #  define SvREFCNT_inc(sv)	\
253 	((PL_Sv=MUTABLE_SV(sv)) ? (++(SvREFCNT(PL_Sv)),PL_Sv) : NULL)
254 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv) \
255 	((sv) ? (SvREFCNT(sv)++,MUTABLE_SV(sv)) : NULL)
256 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_NN(sv) \
257 	(PL_Sv=MUTABLE_SV(sv),++(SvREFCNT(PL_Sv)),PL_Sv)
258 #  define SvREFCNT_inc_void(sv) \
259 	(void)((PL_Sv=MUTABLE_SV(sv)) ? ++(SvREFCNT(PL_Sv)) : 0)
260 #endif
261 
262 /* These guys don't need the curly blocks */
263 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv)	STMT_START { if (sv) SvREFCNT(sv)++; } STMT_END
264 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv)	(++(SvREFCNT(sv)),MUTABLE_SV(sv))
265 #define SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv)	(void)(++SvREFCNT(MUTABLE_SV(sv)))
266 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(sv)	(void)(++SvREFCNT(MUTABLE_SV(sv)))
267 
268 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
269 #  define SvREFCNT_dec(sv)		\
270     ({					\
271 	SV * const _sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
272 	if (_sv) {			\
273 	    if (SvREFCNT(_sv)) {	\
274 		if (--(SvREFCNT(_sv)) == 0) \
275 		    Perl_sv_free2(aTHX_ _sv);	\
276 	    } else {			\
277 		sv_free(_sv);		\
278 	    }				\
279 	}				\
280     })
281 #else
282 #define SvREFCNT_dec(sv)	sv_free(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
283 #endif
284 
285 #define SVTYPEMASK	0xff
286 #define SvTYPE(sv)	((svtype)((sv)->sv_flags & SVTYPEMASK))
287 
288 /* Sadly there are some parts of the core that have pointers to already-freed
289    SV heads, and rely on being able to tell that they are now free. So mark
290    them all by using a consistent macro.  */
291 #define SvIS_FREED(sv)	((sv)->sv_flags == SVTYPEMASK)
292 
293 #define SvUPGRADE(sv, mt) (SvTYPE(sv) >= (mt) || (sv_upgrade(sv, mt), 1))
294 
295 #define SVf_IOK		0x00000100  /* has valid public integer value */
296 #define SVf_NOK		0x00000200  /* has valid public numeric value */
297 #define SVf_POK		0x00000400  /* has valid public pointer value */
298 #define SVf_ROK		0x00000800  /* has a valid reference pointer */
299 
300 #define SVp_IOK		0x00001000  /* has valid non-public integer value */
301 #define SVp_NOK		0x00002000  /* has valid non-public numeric value */
302 #define SVp_POK		0x00004000  /* has valid non-public pointer value */
303 #define SVp_SCREAM	0x00008000  /* has been studied? */
304 #define SVphv_CLONEABLE	SVp_SCREAM  /* PVHV (stashes) clone its objects */
305 #define SVpgv_GP	SVp_SCREAM  /* GV has a valid GP */
306 #define SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED  SVp_SCREAM  /* RV is a proxy for a constant
307 				       subroutine in another package. Set the
308 				       CvIMPORTED_CV_ON() if it needs to be
309 				       expanded to a real GV */
310 
311 #define SVs_PADSTALE	0x00010000  /* lexical has gone out of scope */
312 #define SVpad_STATE	0x00010000  /* pad name is a "state" var */
313 #define SVs_PADTMP	0x00020000  /* in use as tmp */
314 #define SVpad_TYPED	0x00020000  /* pad name is a Typed Lexical */
315 #define SVs_PADMY	0x00040000  /* in use a "my" variable */
316 #define SVpad_OUR	0x00040000  /* pad name is "our" instead of "my" */
317 #define SVs_TEMP	0x00080000  /* string is stealable? */
318 #define SVs_OBJECT	0x00100000  /* is "blessed" */
319 #define SVs_GMG		0x00200000  /* has magical get method */
320 #define SVs_SMG		0x00400000  /* has magical set method */
321 #define SVs_RMG		0x00800000  /* has random magical methods */
322 
323 #define SVf_FAKE	0x01000000  /* 0: glob or lexical is just a copy
324 				       1: SV head arena wasn't malloc()ed
325 				       2: in conjunction with SVf_READONLY
326 					  marks a shared hash key scalar
327 					  (SvLEN == 0) or a copy on write
328 					  string (SvLEN != 0) [SvIsCOW(sv)]
329 				       3: For PVCV, whether CvUNIQUE(cv)
330 					  refers to an eval or once only
331 					  [CvEVAL(cv), CvSPECIAL(cv)]
332 				       4: On a pad name SV, that slot in the
333 					  frame AV is a REFCNT'ed reference
334 					  to a lexical from "outside". */
335 #define SVphv_REHASH	SVf_FAKE    /* 5: On a PVHV, hash values are being
336 					  recalculated */
337 #define SVf_OOK		0x02000000  /* has valid offset value. For a PVHV this
338 				       means that a hv_aux struct is present
339 				       after the main array */
340 #define SVf_BREAK	0x04000000  /* refcnt is artificially low - used by
341 				       SVs in final arena cleanup.
342 				       Set in S_regtry on PL_reg_curpm, so that
343 				       perl_destruct will skip it. */
344 #define SVf_READONLY	0x08000000  /* may not be modified */
345 
346 
347 
348 
349 #define SVf_THINKFIRST	(SVf_READONLY|SVf_ROK|SVf_FAKE)
350 
351 #define SVf_OK		(SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_POK|SVf_ROK| \
352 			 SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK|SVpgv_GP)
353 
354 #define PRIVSHIFT 4	/* (SVp_?OK >> PRIVSHIFT) == SVf_?OK */
355 
356 #define SVf_AMAGIC	0x10000000  /* has magical overloaded methods */
357 
358 /* Ensure this value does not clash with the GV_ADD* flags in gv.h: */
359 #define SVf_UTF8        0x20000000  /* SvPV is UTF-8 encoded
360 				       This is also set on RVs whose overloaded
361 				       stringification is UTF-8. This might
362 				       only happen as a side effect of SvPV() */
363 
364 
365 /* Some private flags. */
366 
367 /* PVAV could probably use 0x2000000 without conflict. I assume that PVFM can
368    be UTF-8 encoded, and PVCVs could well have UTF-8 prototypes. PVIOs haven't
369    been restructured, so sometimes get used as string buffers.  */
370 
371 /* PVHV */
372 #define SVphv_SHAREKEYS 0x20000000  /* PVHV keys live on shared string table */
373 /* PVNV, PVMG, presumably only inside pads */
374 #define SVpad_NAME	0x40000000  /* This SV is a name in the PAD, so
375 				       SVpad_TYPED, SVpad_OUR and SVpad_STATE
376 				       apply */
377 /* PVAV */
378 #define SVpav_REAL	0x40000000  /* free old entries */
379 /* PVHV */
380 #define SVphv_LAZYDEL	0x40000000  /* entry in xhv_eiter must be deleted */
381 /* This is only set true on a PVGV when it's playing "PVBM", but is tested for
382    on any regular scalar (anything <= PVLV) */
383 #define SVpbm_VALID	0x40000000
384 /* ??? */
385 #define SVrepl_EVAL	0x40000000  /* Replacement part of s///e */
386 
387 /* IV, PVIV, PVNV, PVMG, PVGV and (I assume) PVLV  */
388 /* Presumably IVs aren't stored in pads */
389 #define SVf_IVisUV	0x80000000  /* use XPVUV instead of XPVIV */
390 /* PVAV */
391 #define SVpav_REIFY 	0x80000000  /* can become real */
392 /* PVHV */
393 #define SVphv_HASKFLAGS	0x80000000  /* keys have flag byte after hash */
394 /* PVFM */
395 #define SVpfm_COMPILED	0x80000000  /* FORMLINE is compiled */
396 /* PVGV when SVpbm_VALID is true */
397 #define SVpbm_TAIL	0x80000000
398 /* RV upwards. However, SVf_ROK and SVp_IOK are exclusive  */
399 #define SVprv_WEAKREF   0x80000000  /* Weak reference */
400 
401 #define _XPV_HEAD	\
402     union _xnvu xnv_u;	\
403     STRLEN	xpv_cur;	/* length of svu_pv as a C string */    \
404     STRLEN	xpv_len 	/* allocated size */
405 
406 union _xnvu {
407     NV	    xnv_nv;		/* numeric value, if any */
408     HV *    xgv_stash;
409     struct {
410 	U32 xlow;
411 	U32 xhigh;
412     }	    xpad_cop_seq;	/* used by pad.c for cop_sequence */
413     struct {
414 	U32 xbm_previous;	/* how many characters in string before rare? */
415 	U8  xbm_flags;
416 	U8  xbm_rare;		/* rarest character in string */
417     }	    xbm_s;		/* fields from PVBM */
418 };
419 
420 union _xivu {
421     IV	    xivu_iv;		/* integer value */
422 				/* xpvfm: lines */
423     UV	    xivu_uv;
424     void *  xivu_p1;
425     I32	    xivu_i32;
426     HEK *   xivu_namehek;	/* xpvlv, xpvgv: GvNAME */
427     HV *    xivu_hv;		/* regexp: paren_names */
428 };
429 
430 union _xmgu {
431     MAGIC*  xmg_magic;		/* linked list of magicalness */
432     HV*	    xmg_ourstash;	/* Stash for our (when SvPAD_OUR is true) */
433 };
434 
435 struct xpv {
436     _XPV_HEAD;
437 };
438 
439 struct xpviv {
440     _XPV_HEAD;
441     union _xivu xiv_u;
442 };
443 
444 #define xiv_iv xiv_u.xivu_iv
445 
446 struct xpvuv {
447     _XPV_HEAD;
448     union _xivu xuv_u;
449 };
450 
451 #define xuv_uv xuv_u.xivu_uv
452 
453 struct xpvnv {
454     _XPV_HEAD;
455     union _xivu xiv_u;
456 };
457 
458 #define _XPVMG_HEAD				    \
459     union _xivu xiv_u;				    \
460     union _xmgu	xmg_u;				    \
461     HV*		xmg_stash	/* class package */
462 
463 /* This structure must match the beginning of struct xpvhv in hv.h. */
464 struct xpvmg {
465     _XPV_HEAD;
466     _XPVMG_HEAD;
467 };
468 
469 struct xpvlv {
470     _XPV_HEAD;
471     _XPVMG_HEAD;
472 
473     STRLEN	xlv_targoff;
474     STRLEN	xlv_targlen;
475     SV*		xlv_targ;
476     char	xlv_type;	/* k=keys .=pos x=substr v=vec /=join/re
477 				 * y=alem/helem/iter t=tie T=tied HE */
478 };
479 
480 /* This structure works in 3 ways - regular scalar, GV with GP, or fast
481    Boyer-Moore.  */
482 struct xpvgv {
483     _XPV_HEAD;
484     _XPVMG_HEAD;
485 };
486 
487 /* This structure must match XPVCV in cv.h */
488 
489 typedef U16 cv_flags_t;
490 
491 #define _XPVCV_COMMON								\
492     HV *	xcv_stash;							\
493     union {									\
494 	OP *	xcv_start;							\
495 	ANY	xcv_xsubany;							\
496     }		xcv_start_u;					    		\
497     union {									\
498 	OP *	xcv_root;							\
499 	void	(*xcv_xsub) (pTHX_ CV*);					\
500     }		xcv_root_u;							\
501     GV *	xcv_gv;								\
502     char *	xcv_file;							\
503     AV *	xcv_padlist;							\
504     CV *	xcv_outside;							\
505     U32		xcv_outside_seq; /* the COP sequence (at the point of our	\
506 				  * compilation) in the lexically enclosing	\
507 				  * sub */					\
508     cv_flags_t	xcv_flags
509 
510 struct xpvfm {
511     _XPV_HEAD;
512     _XPVMG_HEAD;
513     _XPVCV_COMMON;
514 };
515 
516 #define _XPVIO_TAIL							\
517     PerlIO *	xio_ifp;	/* ifp and ofp are normally the same */	\
518     PerlIO *	xio_ofp;	/* but sockets need separate streams */	\
519     /* Cray addresses everything by word boundaries (64 bits) and	\
520      * code and data pointers cannot be mixed (which is exactly what	\
521      * Perl_filter_add() tries to do with the dirp), hence the		\
522      *  following union trick (as suggested by Gurusamy Sarathy).	\
523      * For further information see Geir Johansen's problem report	\
524      * titled [ID 20000612.002] Perl problem on Cray system		\
525      * The any pointer (known as IoANY()) will also be a good place	\
526      * to hang any IO disciplines to.					\
527      */									\
528     union {								\
529 	DIR *	xiou_dirp;	/* for opendir, readdir, etc */		\
530 	void *	xiou_any;	/* for alignment */			\
531     } xio_dirpu;							\
532     /* IV xio_lines is now in IVX  $. */				\
533     IV		xio_page;	/* $% */				\
534     IV		xio_page_len;	/* $= */				\
535     IV		xio_lines_left;	/* $- */				\
536     char *	xio_top_name;	/* $^ */				\
537     GV *	xio_top_gv;	/* $^ */				\
538     char *	xio_fmt_name;	/* $~ */				\
539     GV *	xio_fmt_gv;	/* $~ */				\
540     char *	xio_bottom_name;/* $^B */				\
541     GV *	xio_bottom_gv;	/* $^B */				\
542     char	xio_type;						\
543     U8		xio_flags
544 
545 
546 struct xpvio {
547     _XPV_HEAD;
548     _XPVMG_HEAD;
549     _XPVIO_TAIL;
550 };
551 
552 #define xio_dirp	xio_dirpu.xiou_dirp
553 #define xio_any		xio_dirpu.xiou_any
554 
555 #define IOf_ARGV	1	/* this fp iterates over ARGV */
556 #define IOf_START	2	/* check for null ARGV and substitute '-' */
557 #define IOf_FLUSH	4	/* this fp wants a flush after write op */
558 #define IOf_DIDTOP	8	/* just did top of form */
559 #define IOf_UNTAINT	16	/* consider this fp (and its data) "safe" */
560 #define IOf_NOLINE	32	/* slurped a pseudo-line from empty file */
561 #define IOf_FAKE_DIRP	64	/* xio_dirp is fake (source filters kludge) */
562 
563 /* The following macros define implementation-independent predicates on SVs. */
564 
565 /*
566 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNIOK|SV* sv
567 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a number, integer or
568 double.
569 
570 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNIOKp|SV* sv
571 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a number, integer or
572 double.  Checks the B<private> setting.  Use C<SvNIOK> instead.
573 
574 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNIOK_off|SV* sv
575 Unsets the NV/IV status of an SV.
576 
577 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvOK|SV* sv
578 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the value is defined. This is
579 only meaningful for scalars.
580 
581 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvIOKp|SV* sv
582 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains an integer.  Checks
583 the B<private> setting.  Use C<SvIOK> instead.
584 
585 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNOKp|SV* sv
586 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a double.  Checks the
587 B<private> setting.  Use C<SvNOK> instead.
588 
589 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvPOKp|SV* sv
590 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a character string.
591 Checks the B<private> setting.  Use C<SvPOK> instead.
592 
593 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvIOK|SV* sv
594 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains an integer.
595 
596 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_on|SV* sv
597 Tells an SV that it is an integer.
598 
599 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_off|SV* sv
600 Unsets the IV status of an SV.
601 
602 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_only|SV* sv
603 Tells an SV that it is an integer and disables all other OK bits.
604 
605 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_only_UV|SV* sv
606 Tells and SV that it is an unsigned integer and disables all other OK bits.
607 
608 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIOK_UV|SV* sv
609 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an unsigned integer.
610 
611 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvUOK|SV* sv
612 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an unsigned integer.
613 
614 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIOK_notUV|SV* sv
615 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains a signed integer.
616 
617 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNOK|SV* sv
618 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a double.
619 
620 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_on|SV* sv
621 Tells an SV that it is a double.
622 
623 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_off|SV* sv
624 Unsets the NV status of an SV.
625 
626 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_only|SV* sv
627 Tells an SV that it is a double and disables all other OK bits.
628 
629 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvPOK|SV* sv
630 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a character
631 string.
632 
633 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_on|SV* sv
634 Tells an SV that it is a string.
635 
636 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_off|SV* sv
637 Unsets the PV status of an SV.
638 
639 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_only|SV* sv
640 Tells an SV that it is a string and disables all other OK bits.
641 Will also turn off the UTF-8 status.
642 
643 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvVOK|SV* sv
644 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains a v-string.
645 
646 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvOOK|SV* sv
647 Returns a U32 indicating whether the pointer to the string buffer is offset.
648 This hack is used internally to speed up removal of characters from the
649 beginning of a SvPV.  When SvOOK is true, then the start of the
650 allocated string buffer is actually C<SvOOK_offset()> bytes before SvPVX.
651 This offset used to be stored in SvIVX, but is now stored within the spare
652 part of the buffer.
653 
654 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvROK|SV* sv
655 Tests if the SV is an RV.
656 
657 =for apidoc Am|void|SvROK_on|SV* sv
658 Tells an SV that it is an RV.
659 
660 =for apidoc Am|void|SvROK_off|SV* sv
661 Unsets the RV status of an SV.
662 
663 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvRV|SV* sv
664 Dereferences an RV to return the SV.
665 
666 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIVX|SV* sv
667 Returns the raw value in the SV's IV slot, without checks or conversions.
668 Only use when you are sure SvIOK is true. See also C<SvIV()>.
669 
670 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUVX|SV* sv
671 Returns the raw value in the SV's UV slot, without checks or conversions.
672 Only use when you are sure SvIOK is true. See also C<SvUV()>.
673 
674 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNVX|SV* sv
675 Returns the raw value in the SV's NV slot, without checks or conversions.
676 Only use when you are sure SvNOK is true. See also C<SvNV()>.
677 
678 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVX|SV* sv
679 Returns a pointer to the physical string in the SV.  The SV must contain a
680 string.
681 
682 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|SvCUR|SV* sv
683 Returns the length of the string which is in the SV.  See C<SvLEN>.
684 
685 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|SvLEN|SV* sv
686 Returns the size of the string buffer in the SV, not including any part
687 attributable to C<SvOOK>.  See C<SvCUR>.
688 
689 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvEND|SV* sv
690 Returns a pointer to the last character in the string which is in the SV.
691 See C<SvCUR>.  Access the character as *(SvEND(sv)).
692 
693 =for apidoc Am|HV*|SvSTASH|SV* sv
694 Returns the stash of the SV.
695 
696 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIV_set|SV* sv|IV val
697 Set the value of the IV pointer in sv to val.  It is possible to perform
698 the same function of this macro with an lvalue assignment to C<SvIVX>.
699 With future Perls, however, it will be more efficient to use
700 C<SvIV_set> instead of the lvalue assignment to C<SvIVX>.
701 
702 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNV_set|SV* sv|NV val
703 Set the value of the NV pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
704 
705 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPV_set|SV* sv|char* val
706 Set the value of the PV pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
707 
708 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUV_set|SV* sv|UV val
709 Set the value of the UV pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
710 
711 =for apidoc Am|void|SvRV_set|SV* sv|SV* val
712 Set the value of the RV pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
713 
714 =for apidoc Am|void|SvMAGIC_set|SV* sv|MAGIC* val
715 Set the value of the MAGIC pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
716 
717 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSTASH_set|SV* sv|HV* val
718 Set the value of the STASH pointer in sv to val.  See C<SvIV_set>.
719 
720 =for apidoc Am|void|SvCUR_set|SV* sv|STRLEN len
721 Set the current length of the string which is in the SV.  See C<SvCUR>
722 and C<SvIV_set>.
723 
724 =for apidoc Am|void|SvLEN_set|SV* sv|STRLEN len
725 Set the actual length of the string which is in the SV.  See C<SvIV_set>.
726 
727 =cut
728 */
729 
730 #define SvNIOK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK))
731 #define SvNIOKp(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK))
732 #define SvNIOK_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK| \
733 						  SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVf_IVisUV))
734 
735 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
736 #define assert_not_ROK(sv)	({assert(!SvROK(sv) || !SvRV(sv));}),
737 #define assert_not_glob(sv)	({assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));}),
738 #else
739 #define assert_not_ROK(sv)
740 #define assert_not_glob(sv)
741 #endif
742 
743 #define SvOK(sv)		((SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_BIND)		\
744 				 ? (SvFLAGS(SvRV(sv)) & SVf_OK)		\
745 				 : (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_OK))
746 #define SvOK_off(sv)		(assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv)	\
747 				 SvFLAGS(sv) &=	~(SVf_OK|		\
748 						  SVf_IVisUV|SVf_UTF8),	\
749 							SvOOK_off(sv))
750 #define SvOK_off_exc_UV(sv)	(assert_not_ROK(sv)			\
751 				 SvFLAGS(sv) &=	~(SVf_OK|		\
752 						  SVf_UTF8),		\
753 							SvOOK_off(sv))
754 
755 #define SvOKp(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK))
756 #define SvIOKp(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_IOK)
757 #define SvIOKp_on(sv)		(assert_not_glob(sv) SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv)	\
758 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_IOK)
759 #define SvNOKp(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_NOK)
760 #define SvNOKp_on(sv)		(assert_not_glob(sv) SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_NOK)
761 #define SvPOKp(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_POK)
762 #define SvPOKp_on(sv)		(assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv)	\
763 				 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_POK)
764 
765 #define SvIOK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_IOK)
766 #define SvIOK_on(sv)		(assert_not_glob(sv) SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv)	\
767 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
768 #define SvIOK_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
769 #define SvIOK_only(sv)		(SvOK_off(sv), \
770 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
771 #define SvIOK_only_UV(sv)	(assert_not_glob(sv) SvOK_off_exc_UV(sv), \
772 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
773 
774 #define SvIOK_UV(sv)		((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))	\
775 				 == (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
776 #define SvUOK(sv)		SvIOK_UV(sv)
777 #define SvIOK_notUV(sv)		((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))	\
778 				 == SVf_IOK)
779 
780 #define SvIsUV(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_IVisUV)
781 #define SvIsUV_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_IVisUV)
782 #define SvIsUV_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_IVisUV)
783 
784 #define SvNOK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_NOK)
785 #define SvNOK_on(sv)		(assert_not_glob(sv) \
786 				 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
787 #define SvNOK_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
788 #define SvNOK_only(sv)		(SvOK_off(sv), \
789 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
790 
791 /*
792 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvUTF8|SV* sv
793 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains UTF-8 encoded data.
794 Call this after SvPV() in case any call to string overloading updates the
795 internal flag.
796 
797 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUTF8_on|SV *sv
798 Turn on the UTF-8 status of an SV (the data is not changed, just the flag).
799 Do not use frivolously.
800 
801 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUTF8_off|SV *sv
802 Unsets the UTF-8 status of an SV.
803 
804 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_only_UTF8|SV* sv
805 Tells an SV that it is a string and disables all other OK bits,
806 and leaves the UTF-8 status as it was.
807 
808 =cut
809  */
810 
811 /* Ensure the return value of this macro does not clash with the GV_ADD* flags
812 in gv.h: */
813 #define SvUTF8(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_UTF8)
814 #define SvUTF8_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_UTF8))
815 #define SvUTF8_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_UTF8))
816 
817 #define SvPOK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_POK)
818 #define SvPOK_on(sv)		(assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv)	\
819 				 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
820 #define SvPOK_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
821 #define SvPOK_only(sv)		(assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv)	\
822 				 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK|		\
823 						  SVf_IVisUV|SVf_UTF8),	\
824 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
825 #define SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv)	(assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv)	\
826 				 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK|		\
827 						  SVf_IVisUV),		\
828 				    SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
829 
830 #define SvVOK(sv)		(SvMAGICAL(sv)				\
831 				 && mg_find(sv,PERL_MAGIC_vstring))
832 /* returns the vstring magic, if any */
833 #define SvVSTRING_mg(sv)	(SvMAGICAL(sv) \
834 				 ? mg_find(sv,PERL_MAGIC_vstring) : NULL)
835 
836 #define SvOOK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_OOK)
837 #define SvOOK_on(sv)		((void)SvIOK_off(sv), SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_OOK)
838 #define SvOOK_off(sv)		((void)(SvOOK(sv) && sv_backoff(sv)))
839 
840 #define SvFAKE(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_FAKE)
841 #define SvFAKE_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_FAKE)
842 #define SvFAKE_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_FAKE)
843 
844 #define SvROK(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_ROK)
845 #define SvROK_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_ROK)
846 #define SvROK_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK))
847 
848 #define SvMAGICAL(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
849 #define SvMAGICAL_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
850 #define SvMAGICAL_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
851 
852 #define SvGMAGICAL(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_GMG)
853 #define SvGMAGICAL_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_GMG)
854 #define SvGMAGICAL_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_GMG)
855 
856 #define SvSMAGICAL(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_SMG)
857 #define SvSMAGICAL_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_SMG)
858 #define SvSMAGICAL_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_SMG)
859 
860 #define SvRMAGICAL(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_RMG)
861 #define SvRMAGICAL_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_RMG)
862 #define SvRMAGICAL_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_RMG)
863 
864 #define SvAMAGIC(sv)		(SvROK(sv) && (SvFLAGS(SvRV(sv)) & SVf_AMAGIC))
865 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
866 #  define SvAMAGIC_on(sv)	({ SV * const kloink = sv;		\
867 				   assert(SvROK(kloink));		\
868 				   SvFLAGS(SvRV(kloink)) |= SVf_AMAGIC;	\
869 				})
870 #  define SvAMAGIC_off(sv)	({ SV * const kloink = sv;		\
871 				   if(SvROK(kloink))			\
872 					SvFLAGS(SvRV(kloink)) &= ~SVf_AMAGIC;\
873 				})
874 #else
875 #  define SvAMAGIC_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(SvRV(sv)) |= SVf_AMAGIC)
876 #  define SvAMAGIC_off(sv) \
877 	(SvROK(sv) && (SvFLAGS(SvRV(sv)) &= ~SVf_AMAGIC))
878 #endif
879 
880 /*
881 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvGAMAGIC|SV* sv
882 
883 Returns true if the SV has get magic or overloading. If either is true then
884 the scalar is active data, and has the potential to return a new value every
885 time it is accessed. Hence you must be careful to only read it once per user
886 logical operation and work with that returned value. If neither is true then
887 the scalar's value cannot change unless written to.
888 
889 =cut
890 */
891 
892 #define SvGAMAGIC(sv)           (SvGMAGICAL(sv) || SvAMAGIC(sv))
893 
894 #define Gv_AMG(stash)           (PL_amagic_generation && Gv_AMupdate(stash, FALSE))
895 
896 #define SvWEAKREF(sv)		((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF)) \
897 				  == (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
898 #define SvWEAKREF_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |=  (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
899 #define SvWEAKREF_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
900 
901 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED(sv)	((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED)) \
902 				 == (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
903 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |=  (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
904 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
905 
906 #define SvTHINKFIRST(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_THINKFIRST)
907 
908 #define SvPADSTALE(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADSTALE)
909 #define SvPADSTALE_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_PADSTALE)
910 #define SvPADSTALE_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_PADSTALE)
911 
912 #define SvPADTMP(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)
913 #define SvPADTMP_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_PADTMP)
914 #define SvPADTMP_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_PADTMP)
915 
916 #define SvPADMY(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADMY)
917 #define SvPADMY_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_PADMY)
918 
919 #define SvTEMP(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_TEMP)
920 #define SvTEMP_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_TEMP)
921 #define SvTEMP_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_TEMP)
922 
923 #define SvOBJECT(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_OBJECT)
924 #define SvOBJECT_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_OBJECT)
925 #define SvOBJECT_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_OBJECT)
926 
927 #define SvREADONLY(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_READONLY)
928 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
929 #define SvREADONLY_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_READONLY)
930 
931 #define SvSCREAM(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_SCREAM|SVp_POK)) == (SVp_SCREAM|SVp_POK))
932 #define SvSCREAM_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_SCREAM)
933 #define SvSCREAM_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVp_SCREAM)
934 
935 #define SvCOMPILED(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVpfm_COMPILED)
936 #define SvCOMPILED_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpfm_COMPILED)
937 #define SvCOMPILED_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpfm_COMPILED)
938 
939 #define SvEVALED(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVrepl_EVAL)
940 #define SvEVALED_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVrepl_EVAL)
941 #define SvEVALED_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVrepl_EVAL)
942 
943 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
944 #  define SvVALID(sv)		({ const SV *const _svvalid = (const SV*)(sv); \
945 				   if (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) & SVpbm_VALID)	\
946 				       assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid));	\
947 				   (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) & SVpbm_VALID);	\
948 				})
949 #  define SvVALID_on(sv)	({ SV *const _svvalid = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
950 				   assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid));	\
951 				   (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) |= SVpbm_VALID);	\
952 				})
953 #  define SvVALID_off(sv)	({ SV *const _svvalid = MUTABLE_SV(sv);	\
954 				   assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid));	\
955 				   (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) &= ~SVpbm_VALID);	\
956 				})
957 
958 #  define SvTAIL(sv)	({ const SV *const _svtail = (const SV *)(sv);	\
959 			    assert(SvTYPE(_svtail) != SVt_PVAV);		\
960 			    assert(SvTYPE(_svtail) != SVt_PVHV);		\
961 			    (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID))	\
962 				== (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID);		\
963 			})
964 #else
965 #  define SvVALID(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVpbm_VALID)
966 #  define SvVALID_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpbm_VALID)
967 #  define SvVALID_off(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpbm_VALID)
968 #  define SvTAIL(sv)	    ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID))	\
969 			     == (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID))
970 
971 #endif
972 #define SvTAIL_on(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpbm_TAIL)
973 #define SvTAIL_off(sv)		(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpbm_TAIL)
974 
975 
976 #define SvPAD_TYPED(sv) \
977 	((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED))
978 
979 #define SvPAD_OUR(sv)	\
980 	((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR))
981 
982 #define SvPAD_STATE(sv)	\
983 	((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE))
984 
985 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
986 #  define SvPAD_TYPED_on(sv)	({					\
987 	    SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
988 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG);				\
989 	    (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED);		\
990 	})
991 #define SvPAD_OUR_on(sv)	({					\
992 	    SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
993 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG);				\
994 	    (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR);			\
995 	})
996 #define SvPAD_STATE_on(sv)	({					\
997 	    SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
998 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVNV || SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG); \
999 	    (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE);		\
1000 	})
1001 #else
1002 #  define SvPAD_TYPED_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED)
1003 #  define SvPAD_OUR_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR)
1004 #  define SvPAD_STATE_on(sv)	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE)
1005 #endif
1006 
1007 #define SvOURSTASH(sv)	\
1008 	(SvPAD_OUR(sv) ? ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_ourstash : NULL)
1009 #define SvOURSTASH_set(sv, st)					\
1010         STMT_START {						\
1011 	    assert(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVMG);			\
1012 	    ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_ourstash = st;	\
1013 	} STMT_END
1014 
1015 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_COW
1016 #else
1017 #endif
1018 #define SvRVx(sv) SvRV(sv)
1019 
1020 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_COW
1021 /* Need -0.0 for SvNVX to preserve IEEE FP "negative zero" because
1022    +0.0 + -0.0 => +0.0 but -0.0 + -0.0 => -0.0 */
1023 #  define SvIVX(sv) (0 + ((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv)
1024 #  define SvUVX(sv) (0 + ((XPVUV*) SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv)
1025 #  define SvNVX(sv) (-0.0 + ((XPVNV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv)
1026 #  define SvRV(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1027 #  define SvRV_const(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1028 /* Don't test the core XS code yet.  */
1029 #  if defined (PERL_CORE) && PERL_DEBUG_COW > 1
1030 #    define SvPVX(sv) (0 + (assert(!SvREADONLY(sv)), (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1031 #  else
1032 #  define SvPVX(sv) SvPVX_mutable(sv)
1033 #  endif
1034 #  define SvCUR(sv) (0 + ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1035 #  define SvLEN(sv) (0 + ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_len)
1036 #  define SvEND(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv + ((XPV*)SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1037 
1038 #  ifdef DEBUGGING
1039 #    define SvMAGIC(sv)	(0 + *(assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG), &((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic))
1040 #    define SvSTASH(sv)	(0 + *(assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG), &((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash))
1041 #  else
1042 #    define SvMAGIC(sv)	(0 + ((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic)
1043 #    define SvSTASH(sv)	(0 + ((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash)
1044 #  endif
1045 #else
1046 #  define SvLEN(sv) ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_len
1047 #  define SvEND(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv + ((XPV*)SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1048 
1049 #  if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1050 /* These get expanded inside other macros that already use a variable _sv  */
1051 #    define SvPVX(sv)							\
1052 	(*({ SV *const _svpvx = MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
1053 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpvx) >= SVt_PV);				\
1054 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpvx) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1055 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svpvx) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1056 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svpvx));				\
1057 	    &((_svpvx)->sv_u.svu_pv);					\
1058 	 }))
1059 #    define SvCUR(sv)							\
1060 	(*({ const SV *const _svcur = (const SV *)(sv);			\
1061 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svcur) >= SVt_PV);				\
1062 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svcur) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1063 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svcur) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1064 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svcur));				\
1065 	    &(((XPV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svcur)))->xpv_cur);		\
1066 	 }))
1067 #    define SvIVX(sv)							\
1068 	(*({ const SV *const _svivx = (const SV *)(sv);			\
1069 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) == SVt_IV || SvTYPE(_svivx) >= SVt_PVIV); \
1070 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1071 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1072 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) != SVt_PVCV);				\
1073 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) != SVt_PVFM);				\
1074 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svivx) != SVt_PVIO);				\
1075 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svivx));				\
1076 	    &(((XPVIV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svivx)))->xiv_iv);		\
1077 	 }))
1078 #    define SvUVX(sv)							\
1079 	(*({ const SV *const _svuvx = (const SV *)(sv);			\
1080 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) == SVt_IV || SvTYPE(_svuvx) >= SVt_PVIV); \
1081 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1082 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1083 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) != SVt_PVCV);				\
1084 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) != SVt_PVFM);				\
1085 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svuvx) != SVt_PVIO);				\
1086 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svuvx));				\
1087 	    &(((XPVUV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svuvx)))->xuv_uv);		\
1088 	 }))
1089 #    define SvNVX(sv)							\
1090 	(*({ const SV *const _svnvx = (const SV *)(sv);			\
1091 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) == SVt_NV || SvTYPE(_svnvx) >= SVt_PVNV); \
1092 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1093 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1094 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) != SVt_PVCV);				\
1095 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) != SVt_PVFM);				\
1096 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svnvx) != SVt_PVIO);				\
1097 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svnvx));				\
1098 	    &(((XPVNV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svnvx)))->xnv_u.xnv_nv);	\
1099 	 }))
1100 #    define SvRV(sv)							\
1101 	(*({ SV *const _svrv = MUTABLE_SV(sv);				\
1102 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) >= SVt_PV || SvTYPE(_svrv) == SVt_IV);	\
1103 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1104 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1105 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVCV);				\
1106 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVFM);				\
1107 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svrv));				\
1108 	    &((_svrv)->sv_u.svu_rv);					\
1109 	 }))
1110 #    define SvRV_const(sv)						\
1111 	({ const SV *const _svrv = (const SV *)(sv);			\
1112 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) >= SVt_PV || SvTYPE(_svrv) == SVt_IV);	\
1113 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVAV);				\
1114 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVHV);				\
1115 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVCV);				\
1116 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svrv) != SVt_PVFM);				\
1117 	    assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svrv));				\
1118 	    (_svrv)->sv_u.svu_rv;					\
1119 	 })
1120 #    define SvMAGIC(sv)							\
1121 	(*({ const SV *const _svmagic = (const SV *)(sv);		\
1122 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svmagic) >= SVt_PVMG);			\
1123 	    if(SvTYPE(_svmagic) == SVt_PVMG)				\
1124 		assert(!SvPAD_OUR(_svmagic));				\
1125 	    &(((XPVMG*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svmagic)))->xmg_u.xmg_magic); \
1126 	  }))
1127 #    define SvSTASH(sv)							\
1128 	(*({ const SV *const _svstash = (const SV *)(sv);		\
1129 	    assert(SvTYPE(_svstash) >= SVt_PVMG);			\
1130 	    &(((XPVMG*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svstash)))->xmg_stash);	\
1131 	  }))
1132 #  else
1133 #    define SvPVX(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1134 #    define SvCUR(sv) ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur
1135 #    define SvIVX(sv) ((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv
1136 #    define SvUVX(sv) ((XPVUV*) SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv
1137 #    define SvNVX(sv) ((XPVNV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv
1138 #    define SvRV(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1139 #    define SvRV_const(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1140 #    define SvMAGIC(sv)	((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic
1141 #    define SvSTASH(sv)	((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash
1142 #  endif
1143 #endif
1144 
1145 #ifndef PERL_POISON
1146 /* Given that these two are new, there can't be any existing code using them
1147  *  as LVALUEs  */
1148 #  define SvPVX_mutable(sv)	(0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1149 #  define SvPVX_const(sv)	((const char*)(0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1150 #else
1151 /* Except for the poison code, which uses & to scribble over the pointer after
1152    free() is called.  */
1153 #  define SvPVX_mutable(sv)	((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1154 #  define SvPVX_const(sv)	((const char*)((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1155 #endif
1156 
1157 #define SvIVXx(sv) SvIVX(sv)
1158 #define SvUVXx(sv) SvUVX(sv)
1159 #define SvNVXx(sv) SvNVX(sv)
1160 #define SvPVXx(sv) SvPVX(sv)
1161 #define SvLENx(sv) SvLEN(sv)
1162 #define SvENDx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvEND(PL_Sv))
1163 
1164 
1165 /* Ask a scalar nicely to try to become an IV, if possible.
1166    Not guaranteed to stay returning void */
1167 /* Macro won't actually call sv_2iv if already IOK */
1168 #define SvIV_please(sv) \
1169 	STMT_START {if (!SvIOKp(sv) && (SvNOK(sv) || SvPOK(sv))) \
1170 		(void) SvIV(sv); } STMT_END
1171 #define SvIV_set(sv, val) \
1172 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV || SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVIV); \
1173 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);		\
1174 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);		\
1175 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV);		\
1176 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1177 		(((XPVIV*)  SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv = (val)); } STMT_END
1178 #define SvNV_set(sv, val) \
1179 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_NV || SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVNV); \
1180 	    assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV); assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV); \
1181 	    assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV); assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVFM); \
1182 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVIO);		\
1183 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1184 		(((XPVNV*)SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv = (val)); } STMT_END
1185 #define SvPV_set(sv, val) \
1186 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1187 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);		\
1188 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);		\
1189 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1190 		((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv = (val)); } STMT_END
1191 #define SvUV_set(sv, val) \
1192 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV || SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVIV); \
1193 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);		\
1194 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);		\
1195 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV);		\
1196 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1197 		(((XPVUV*)SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv = (val)); } STMT_END
1198 #define SvRV_set(sv, val) \
1199         STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >=  SVt_PV || SvTYPE(sv) ==  SVt_IV); \
1200 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);		\
1201 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);		\
1202 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV);		\
1203 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVFM);		\
1204 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1205                 ((sv)->sv_u.svu_rv = (val)); } STMT_END
1206 #define SvMAGIC_set(sv, val) \
1207         STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1208                 (((XPVMG*)SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic = (val)); } STMT_END
1209 #define SvSTASH_set(sv, val) \
1210         STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1211                 (((XPVMG*)  SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash = (val)); } STMT_END
1212 #define SvCUR_set(sv, val) \
1213 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1214 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);		\
1215 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);		\
1216 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));		\
1217 		(((XPV*)  SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur = (val)); } STMT_END
1218 #define SvLEN_set(sv, val) \
1219 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1220 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVAV);	\
1221 		assert(SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVHV);	\
1222 		assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv));	\
1223 		(((XPV*)  SvANY(sv))->xpv_len = (val)); } STMT_END
1224 #define SvEND_set(sv, val) \
1225 	STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1226 		SvCUR_set(sv, (val) - SvPVX(sv)); } STMT_END
1227 
1228 #define SvPV_renew(sv,n) \
1229 	STMT_START { SvLEN_set(sv, n); \
1230 		SvPV_set((sv), (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,char)			\
1231 				(char*)saferealloc((Malloc_t)SvPVX(sv), \
1232 						   (MEM_SIZE)((n)))));  \
1233 		 } STMT_END
1234 
1235 #define SvPV_shrink_to_cur(sv) STMT_START { \
1236 		   const STRLEN _lEnGtH = SvCUR(sv) + 1; \
1237 		   SvPV_renew(sv, _lEnGtH); \
1238 		 } STMT_END
1239 
1240 #define SvPV_free(sv)							\
1241     STMT_START {							\
1242 		     assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV);			\
1243 		     if (SvLEN(sv)) {					\
1244 			 assert(!SvROK(sv));				\
1245 			 if(SvOOK(sv)) {				\
1246 			     STRLEN zok; 				\
1247 			     SvOOK_offset(sv, zok);			\
1248 			     SvPV_set(sv, SvPVX_mutable(sv) - zok);	\
1249 			     SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;			\
1250 			 }						\
1251 			 Safefree(SvPVX(sv));				\
1252 		     }							\
1253 		 } STMT_END
1254 
1255 #ifdef PERL_CORE
1256 /* Code that crops up in three places to take a scalar and ready it to hold
1257    a reference */
1258 #  define prepare_SV_for_RV(sv)						\
1259     STMT_START {							\
1260 		    if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV && SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_IV)	\
1261 			sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);				\
1262 		    else if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV) {			\
1263 			SvPV_free(sv);					\
1264 			SvLEN_set(sv, 0);				\
1265                         SvCUR_set(sv, 0);				\
1266 		    }							\
1267 		 } STMT_END
1268 #endif
1269 
1270 #define PERL_FBM_TABLE_OFFSET 1	/* Number of bytes between EOS and table */
1271 
1272 /* SvPOKp not SvPOK in the assertion because the string can be tainted! eg
1273    perl -T -e '/$^X/'
1274 */
1275 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1276 #  define BmFLAGS(sv)							\
1277 	(*({ SV *const _bmflags = MUTABLE_SV(sv);			\
1278 		assert(SvTYPE(_bmflags) == SVt_PVGV);			\
1279 		assert(SvVALID(_bmflags));				\
1280 	    &(((XPVGV*) SvANY(_bmflags))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_flags);	\
1281 	 }))
1282 #  define BmRARE(sv)							\
1283 	(*({ SV *const _bmrare = MUTABLE_SV(sv);			\
1284 		assert(SvTYPE(_bmrare) == SVt_PVGV);			\
1285 		assert(SvVALID(_bmrare));				\
1286 	    &(((XPVGV*) SvANY(_bmrare))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_rare);		\
1287 	 }))
1288 #  define BmUSEFUL(sv)							\
1289 	(*({ SV *const _bmuseful = MUTABLE_SV(sv);			\
1290 	    assert(SvTYPE(_bmuseful) == SVt_PVGV);			\
1291 	    assert(SvVALID(_bmuseful));					\
1292 	    assert(!SvIOK(_bmuseful));					\
1293 	    &(((XPVGV*) SvANY(_bmuseful))->xiv_u.xivu_i32);		\
1294 	 }))
1295 #  define BmPREVIOUS(sv)						\
1296     (*({ SV *const _bmprevious = MUTABLE_SV(sv);			\
1297 		assert(SvTYPE(_bmprevious) == SVt_PVGV);		\
1298 		assert(SvVALID(_bmprevious));				\
1299 	    &(((XPVGV*) SvANY(_bmprevious))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_previous);	\
1300 	 }))
1301 #else
1302 #  define BmFLAGS(sv)		((XPVGV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_flags
1303 #  define BmRARE(sv)		((XPVGV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_rare
1304 #  define BmUSEFUL(sv)		((XPVGV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_u.xivu_i32
1305 #  define BmPREVIOUS(sv)	((XPVGV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_previous
1306 
1307 #endif
1308 
1309 #define FmLINES(sv)	((XPVFM*)  SvANY(sv))->xiv_u.xivu_iv
1310 
1311 #define LvTYPE(sv)	((XPVLV*)  SvANY(sv))->xlv_type
1312 #define LvTARG(sv)	((XPVLV*)  SvANY(sv))->xlv_targ
1313 #define LvTARGOFF(sv)	((XPVLV*)  SvANY(sv))->xlv_targoff
1314 #define LvTARGLEN(sv)	((XPVLV*)  SvANY(sv))->xlv_targlen
1315 
1316 #define IoIFP(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_ifp
1317 #define IoOFP(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_ofp
1318 #define IoDIRP(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_dirp
1319 #define IoANY(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_any
1320 #define IoLINES(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xiv_u.xivu_iv
1321 #define IoPAGE(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_page
1322 #define IoPAGE_LEN(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_page_len
1323 #define IoLINES_LEFT(sv)((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_lines_left
1324 #define IoTOP_NAME(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_top_name
1325 #define IoTOP_GV(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_top_gv
1326 #define IoFMT_NAME(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_fmt_name
1327 #define IoFMT_GV(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_fmt_gv
1328 #define IoBOTTOM_NAME(sv)((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_bottom_name
1329 #define IoBOTTOM_GV(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_bottom_gv
1330 #define IoTYPE(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_type
1331 #define IoFLAGS(sv)	((XPVIO*)  SvANY(sv))->xio_flags
1332 
1333 /* IoTYPE(sv) is a single character telling the type of I/O connection. */
1334 #define IoTYPE_RDONLY		'<'
1335 #define IoTYPE_WRONLY		'>'
1336 #define IoTYPE_RDWR		'+'
1337 #define IoTYPE_APPEND 		'a'
1338 #define IoTYPE_PIPE		'|'
1339 #define IoTYPE_STD		'-'	/* stdin or stdout */
1340 #define IoTYPE_SOCKET		's'
1341 #define IoTYPE_CLOSED		' '
1342 #define IoTYPE_IMPLICIT		'I'	/* stdin or stdout or stderr */
1343 #define IoTYPE_NUMERIC		'#'	/* fdopen */
1344 
1345 /*
1346 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvTAINTED|SV* sv
1347 Checks to see if an SV is tainted. Returns TRUE if it is, FALSE if
1348 not.
1349 
1350 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINTED_on|SV* sv
1351 Marks an SV as tainted if tainting is enabled.
1352 
1353 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINTED_off|SV* sv
1354 Untaints an SV. Be I<very> careful with this routine, as it short-circuits
1355 some of Perl's fundamental security features. XS module authors should not
1356 use this function unless they fully understand all the implications of
1357 unconditionally untainting the value. Untainting should be done in the
1358 standard perl fashion, via a carefully crafted regexp, rather than directly
1359 untainting variables.
1360 
1361 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINT|SV* sv
1362 Taints an SV if tainting is enabled.
1363 
1364 =cut
1365 */
1366 
1367 #define sv_taint(sv)	  sv_magic((sv), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_taint, NULL, 0)
1368 
1369 #define SvTAINTED(sv)	  (SvMAGICAL(sv) && sv_tainted(sv))
1370 #define SvTAINTED_on(sv)  STMT_START{ if(PL_tainting){sv_taint(sv);}   }STMT_END
1371 #define SvTAINTED_off(sv) STMT_START{ if(PL_tainting){sv_untaint(sv);} }STMT_END
1372 
1373 #define SvTAINT(sv)			\
1374     STMT_START {			\
1375 	if (PL_tainting) {		\
1376 	    if (PL_tainted)		\
1377 		SvTAINTED_on(sv);	\
1378 	}				\
1379     } STMT_END
1380 
1381 /*
1382 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1383 Like C<SvPV> but will force the SV into containing just a string
1384 (C<SvPOK_only>).  You want force if you are going to update the C<SvPVX>
1385 directly.
1386 
1387 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_force_nomg|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1388 Like C<SvPV> but will force the SV into containing just a string
1389 (C<SvPOK_only>).  You want force if you are going to update the C<SvPVX>
1390 directly. Doesn't process magic.
1391 
1392 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1393 Returns a pointer to the string in the SV, or a stringified form of
1394 the SV if the SV does not contain a string.  The SV may cache the
1395 stringified version becoming C<SvPOK>.  Handles 'get' magic. See also
1396 C<SvPVx> for a version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1397 
1398 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVx|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1399 A version of C<SvPV> which guarantees to evaluate C<sv> only once.
1400 Only use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects, otherwise use the
1401 more efficient C<SvPVX>.
1402 
1403 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_nomg|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1404 Like C<SvPV> but doesn't process magic.
1405 
1406 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_nolen|SV* sv
1407 Returns a pointer to the string in the SV, or a stringified form of
1408 the SV if the SV does not contain a string.  The SV may cache the
1409 stringified form becoming C<SvPOK>.  Handles 'get' magic.
1410 
1411 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIV|SV* sv
1412 Coerces the given SV to an integer and returns it. See C<SvIVx> for a
1413 version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1414 
1415 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIV_nomg|SV* sv
1416 Like C<SvIV> but doesn't process magic.
1417 
1418 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIVx|SV* sv
1419 Coerces the given SV to an integer and returns it. Guarantees to evaluate
1420 C<sv> only once. Only use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1421 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvIV>.
1422 
1423 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNV|SV* sv
1424 Coerce the given SV to a double and return it. See C<SvNVx> for a version
1425 which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1426 
1427 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNVx|SV* sv
1428 Coerces the given SV to a double and returns it. Guarantees to evaluate
1429 C<sv> only once. Only use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1430 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvNV>.
1431 
1432 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUV|SV* sv
1433 Coerces the given SV to an unsigned integer and returns it.  See C<SvUVx>
1434 for a version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1435 
1436 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUV_nomg|SV* sv
1437 Like C<SvUV> but doesn't process magic.
1438 
1439 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUVx|SV* sv
1440 Coerces the given SV to an unsigned integer and returns it. Guarantees to
1441 C<sv> only once. Only use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1442 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvUV>.
1443 
1444 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvTRUE|SV* sv
1445 Returns a boolean indicating whether Perl would evaluate the SV as true or
1446 false.  See SvOK() for a defined/undefined test.  Does not handle 'get' magic.
1447 
1448 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1449 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1450 
1451 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1452 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1453 
1454 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8_nolen|SV* sv
1455 Like C<SvPV_nolen>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1456 
1457 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1458 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1459 
1460 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1461 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1462 
1463 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte_nolen|SV* sv
1464 Like C<SvPV_nolen>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1465 
1466 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8x_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1467 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1468 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVutf8_force>
1469 otherwise.
1470 
1471 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8x|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1472 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1473 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVutf8>
1474 otherwise.
1475 
1476 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbytex_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1477 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1478 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVbyte_force>
1479 otherwise.
1480 
1481 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbytex|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1482 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1483 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVbyte>
1484 otherwise.
1485 
1486 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIsCOW|SV* sv
1487 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is Copy-On-Write. (either shared
1488 hash key scalars, or full Copy On Write scalars if 5.9.0 is configured for
1489 COW)
1490 
1491 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIsCOW_shared_hash|SV* sv
1492 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is Copy-On-Write shared hash key
1493 scalar.
1494 
1495 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvn_nomg|SV* sv|const char* ptr|STRLEN len
1496 Like C<sv_catpvn> but doesn't process magic.
1497 
1498 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_setsv_nomg|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1499 Like C<sv_setsv> but doesn't process magic.
1500 
1501 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catsv_nomg|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1502 Like C<sv_catsv> but doesn't process magic.
1503 
1504 =for apidoc Amdb|STRLEN|sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg|NN SV *sv
1505 
1506 Like sv_utf8_upgrade, but doesn't do magic on C<sv>
1507 
1508 =cut
1509 */
1510 
1511 /* Let us hope that bitmaps for UV and IV are the same */
1512 #define SvIV(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvIVX(sv) : sv_2iv(sv))
1513 #define SvUV(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : sv_2uv(sv))
1514 #define SvNV(sv) (SvNOK(sv) ? SvNVX(sv) : sv_2nv(sv))
1515 
1516 #define SvIV_nomg(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvIVX(sv) : sv_2iv_flags(sv, 0))
1517 #define SvUV_nomg(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : sv_2uv_flags(sv, 0))
1518 
1519 /* ----*/
1520 
1521 #define SvPV(sv, lp) SvPV_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1522 #define SvPV_const(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1523 #define SvPV_mutable(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_mutable(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1524 
1525 #define SvPV_flags(sv, lp, flags) \
1526     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1527      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags))
1528 #define SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, flags) \
1529     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1530      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_const(sv)) : \
1531      (const char*) sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1532 #define SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, flags) \
1533     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1534      ? SvPVX_const(sv) : \
1535      (const char*) sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, flags|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1536 #define SvPV_flags_mutable(sv, lp, flags) \
1537     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1538      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_mutable(sv)) : \
1539      sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_MUTABLE_RETURN))
1540 
1541 #define SvPV_force(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1542 #define SvPV_force_nolen(sv) SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1543 #define SvPV_force_mutable(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags_mutable(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1544 
1545 #define SvPV_force_nomg(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1546 #define SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv) SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, 0)
1547 
1548 #define SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, flags) \
1549     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_THINKFIRST)) == SVf_POK \
1550     ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, &lp, flags))
1551 #define SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, flags) \
1552     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_THINKFIRST)) == SVf_POK \
1553     ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, 0, flags))
1554 #define SvPV_force_flags_mutable(sv, lp, flags) \
1555     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_THINKFIRST)) == SVf_POK \
1556     ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_mutable(sv)) \
1557      : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_MUTABLE_RETURN))
1558 
1559 #define SvPV_nolen(sv) \
1560     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1561      ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, SV_GMAGIC))
1562 
1563 #define SvPV_nolen_const(sv) \
1564     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK)) == SVf_POK \
1565      ? SvPVX_const(sv) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, SV_GMAGIC|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1566 
1567 #define SvPV_nomg(sv, lp) SvPV_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1568 #define SvPV_nomg_const(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, 0)
1569 #define SvPV_nomg_const_nolen(sv) SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, 0)
1570 
1571 /* ----*/
1572 
1573 #define SvPVutf8(sv, lp) \
1574     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8) \
1575      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pvutf8(sv, &lp))
1576 
1577 #define SvPVutf8_force(sv, lp) \
1578     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_THINKFIRST)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8) \
1579      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvutf8n_force(sv, &lp))
1580 
1581 
1582 #define SvPVutf8_nolen(sv) \
1583     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8)\
1584      ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pvutf8(sv, 0))
1585 
1586 /* ----*/
1587 
1588 #define SvPVbyte(sv, lp) \
1589     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8)) == (SVf_POK) \
1590      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pvbyte(sv, &lp))
1591 
1592 #define SvPVbyte_force(sv, lp) \
1593     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_THINKFIRST)) == (SVf_POK) \
1594      ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvbyten_force(sv, &lp))
1595 
1596 #define SvPVbyte_nolen(sv) \
1597     ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8)) == (SVf_POK)\
1598      ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pvbyte(sv, 0))
1599 
1600 
1601 
1602 /* define FOOx(): idempotent versions of FOO(). If possible, use a local
1603  * var to evaluate the arg once; failing that, use a global if possible;
1604  * failing that, call a function to do the work
1605  */
1606 
1607 #define SvPVx_force(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force(sv, &lp)
1608 #define SvPVutf8x_force(sv, lp) sv_pvutf8n_force(sv, &lp)
1609 #define SvPVbytex_force(sv, lp) sv_pvbyten_force(sv, &lp)
1610 
1611 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1612 
1613 #  define SvIVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvIV(_sv); })
1614 #  define SvUVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvUV(_sv); })
1615 #  define SvNVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvNV(_sv); })
1616 #  define SvPVx(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV(_sv, lp); })
1617 #  define SvPVx_const(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_const(_sv, lp); })
1618 #  define SvPVx_nolen(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_nolen(_sv); })
1619 #  define SvPVx_nolen_const(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_nolen_const(_sv); })
1620 #  define SvPVutf8x(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVutf8(_sv, lp); })
1621 #  define SvPVbytex(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVbyte(_sv, lp); })
1622 #  define SvPVbytex_nolen(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVbyte_nolen(_sv); })
1623 #  define SvTRUE(sv) (						\
1624     !sv								\
1625     ? 0								\
1626     :    SvPOK(sv)						\
1627 	?   (({XPV *nxpv = (XPV*)SvANY(sv);			\
1628 	     nxpv &&						\
1629 	     (nxpv->xpv_cur > 1 ||				\
1630 	      (nxpv->xpv_cur && *(sv)->sv_u.svu_pv != '0')); })	\
1631 	     ? 1						\
1632 	     : 0)						\
1633 	:							\
1634 	    SvIOK(sv)						\
1635 	    ? SvIVX(sv) != 0					\
1636 	    :   SvNOK(sv)					\
1637 		? SvNVX(sv) != 0.0				\
1638 		: sv_2bool(sv) )
1639 #  define SvTRUEx(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvTRUE(_sv); })
1640 
1641 #else /* __GNUC__ */
1642 
1643 /* These inlined macros use globals, which will require a thread
1644  * declaration in user code, so we avoid them under threads */
1645 
1646 #  define SvIVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvIV(PL_Sv))
1647 #  define SvUVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvUV(PL_Sv))
1648 #  define SvNVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvNV(PL_Sv))
1649 #  define SvPVx(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV(PL_Sv, lp))
1650 #  define SvPVx_const(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_const(PL_Sv, lp))
1651 #  define SvPVx_nolen(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv))
1652 #  define SvPVx_nolen_const(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_nolen_const(PL_Sv))
1653 #  define SvPVutf8x(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVutf8(PL_Sv, lp))
1654 #  define SvPVbytex(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVbyte(PL_Sv, lp))
1655 #  define SvPVbytex_nolen(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVbyte_nolen(PL_Sv))
1656 #  define SvTRUE(sv) (						\
1657     !sv								\
1658     ? 0								\
1659     :    SvPOK(sv)						\
1660 	?   ((PL_Xpv = (XPV*)SvANY(PL_Sv = (sv))) &&		\
1661 	     (PL_Xpv->xpv_cur > 1 ||				\
1662 	      (PL_Xpv->xpv_cur && *PL_Sv->sv_u.svu_pv != '0'))	\
1663 	     ? 1						\
1664 	     : 0)						\
1665 	:							\
1666 	    SvIOK(sv)						\
1667 	    ? SvIVX(sv) != 0					\
1668 	    :   SvNOK(sv)					\
1669 		? SvNVX(sv) != 0.0				\
1670 		: sv_2bool(sv) )
1671 #  define SvTRUEx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvTRUE(PL_Sv))
1672 #endif /* __GNU__ */
1673 
1674 #define SvIsCOW(sv)		((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY)) == \
1675 				    (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY))
1676 #define SvIsCOW_shared_hash(sv)	(SvIsCOW(sv) && SvLEN(sv) == 0)
1677 
1678 #define SvSHARED_HEK_FROM_PV(pvx) \
1679 	((struct hek*)(pvx - STRUCT_OFFSET(struct hek, hek_key)))
1680 #define SvSHARED_HASH(sv) (0 + SvSHARED_HEK_FROM_PV(SvPVX_const(sv))->hek_hash)
1681 
1682 /* flag values for sv_*_flags functions */
1683 #define SV_IMMEDIATE_UNREF	1
1684 #define SV_GMAGIC		2
1685 #define SV_COW_DROP_PV		4
1686 #define SV_UTF8_NO_ENCODING	8
1687 #define SV_NOSTEAL		16
1688 #define SV_CONST_RETURN		32
1689 #define SV_MUTABLE_RETURN	64
1690 #define SV_SMAGIC		128
1691 #define SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL	256
1692 #define SV_COW_SHARED_HASH_KEYS	512
1693 /* This one is only enabled for PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE */
1694 #define SV_COW_OTHER_PVS	1024
1695 /* Make sv_2pv_flags return NULL if something is undefined.  */
1696 #define SV_UNDEF_RETURNS_NULL	2048
1697 /* Tell sv_utf8_upgrade() to not check to see if an upgrade is really needed.
1698  * This is used when the caller has already determined it is, and avoids
1699  * redundant work */
1700 #define SV_FORCE_UTF8_UPGRADE	4096
1701 
1702 /* The core is safe for this COW optimisation. XS code on CPAN may not be.
1703    So only default to doing the COW setup if we're in the core.
1704  */
1705 #ifdef PERL_CORE
1706 #  ifndef SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV
1707 #    define SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV	SV_COW_SHARED_HASH_KEYS|SV_COW_OTHER_PVS
1708 #  endif
1709 #endif
1710 
1711 #ifndef SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV
1712 #  define SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV	0
1713 #endif
1714 
1715 
1716 #define sv_unref(sv)    	sv_unref_flags(sv, 0)
1717 #define sv_force_normal(sv)	sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0)
1718 #define sv_usepvn(sv, p, l)	sv_usepvn_flags(sv, p, l, 0)
1719 #define sv_usepvn_mg(sv, p, l)	sv_usepvn_flags(sv, p, l, SV_SMAGIC)
1720 
1721 /* We are about to replace the SV's current value. So if it's copy on write
1722    we need to normalise it. Use the SV_COW_DROP_PV flag hint to say that
1723    the value is about to get thrown away, so drop the PV rather than go to
1724    the effort of making a read-write copy only for it to get immediately
1725    discarded.  */
1726 
1727 #define SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv) if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) \
1728 				    sv_force_normal_flags(sv, SV_COW_DROP_PV)
1729 
1730 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1731 #define SvRELEASE_IVX(sv)   \
1732     ((SvIsCOW(sv) ? sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0) : (void) 0), 0)
1733 #  define SvIsCOW_normal(sv)	(SvIsCOW(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
1734 #  define SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv)	SvRELEASE_IVX(sv),
1735 #else
1736 #  define SvRELEASE_IVX(sv)   0
1737 /* This little game brought to you by the need to shut this warning up:
1738 mg.c: In function `Perl_magic_get':
1739 mg.c:1024: warning: left-hand operand of comma expression has no effect
1740 */
1741 #  define SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv)  /**/
1742 #endif /* PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE */
1743 
1744 #define CAN_COW_MASK	(SVs_OBJECT|SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG|SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK| \
1745 			 SVf_POK|SVf_ROK|SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK|SVf_FAKE| \
1746 			 SVf_OOK|SVf_BREAK|SVf_READONLY)
1747 #define CAN_COW_FLAGS	(SVp_POK|SVf_POK)
1748 
1749 #define SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv) if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) \
1750 				    sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0)
1751 
1752 
1753 /* all these 'functions' are now just macros */
1754 
1755 #define sv_pv(sv) SvPV_nolen(sv)
1756 #define sv_pvutf8(sv) SvPVutf8_nolen(sv)
1757 #define sv_pvbyte(sv) SvPVbyte_nolen(sv)
1758 
1759 #define sv_pvn_force_nomg(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1760 #define sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, flags) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(sv, flags, 0)
1761 #define sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(sv) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, 0)
1762 #define sv_catpvn_nomg(dsv, sstr, slen) sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, 0)
1763 #define sv_setsv(dsv, ssv) \
1764 	sv_setsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC|SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV)
1765 #define sv_setsv_nomg(dsv, ssv) sv_setsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV)
1766 #define sv_catsv(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC)
1767 #define sv_catsv_nomg(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, 0)
1768 #define sv_catsv_mg(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC)
1769 #define sv_catpvn(dsv, sstr, slen) sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, SV_GMAGIC)
1770 #define sv_catpvn_mg(sv, sstr, slen) \
1771 	sv_catpvn_flags(sv, sstr, slen, SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC);
1772 #define sv_2pv(sv, lp) sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1773 #define sv_2pv_nolen(sv) sv_2pv(sv, 0)
1774 #define sv_2pvbyte_nolen(sv) sv_2pvbyte(sv, 0)
1775 #define sv_2pvutf8_nolen(sv) sv_2pvutf8(sv, 0)
1776 #define sv_2pv_nomg(sv, lp) sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1777 #define sv_pvn_force(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1778 #define sv_utf8_upgrade(sv) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1779 #define sv_2iv(sv) sv_2iv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1780 #define sv_2uv(sv) sv_2uv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1781 #define sv_insert(bigstr, offset, len, little, littlelen)		\
1782 	Perl_sv_insert_flags(aTHX_ (bigstr),(offset), (len), (little),	\
1783 			     (littlelen), SV_GMAGIC)
1784 
1785 /* Should be named SvCatPVN_utf8_upgrade? */
1786 #define sv_catpvn_utf8_upgrade(dsv, sstr, slen, nsv)	\
1787 	STMT_START {					\
1788 	    if (!(nsv))					\
1789 		nsv = newSVpvn_flags(sstr, slen, SVs_TEMP);	\
1790 	    else					\
1791 		sv_setpvn(nsv, sstr, slen);		\
1792 	    SvUTF8_off(nsv);				\
1793 	    sv_utf8_upgrade(nsv);			\
1794 	    sv_catsv(dsv, nsv);	\
1795 	} STMT_END
1796 
1797 /*
1798 =for apidoc Am|SV*|newRV_inc|SV* sv
1799 
1800 Creates an RV wrapper for an SV.  The reference count for the original SV is
1801 incremented.
1802 
1803 =cut
1804 */
1805 
1806 #define newRV_inc(sv)	newRV(sv)
1807 
1808 /* the following macros update any magic values this sv is associated with */
1809 
1810 /*
1811 =head1 Magical Functions
1812 
1813 =for apidoc Am|void|SvGETMAGIC|SV* sv
1814 Invokes C<mg_get> on an SV if it has 'get' magic.  This macro evaluates its
1815 argument more than once.
1816 
1817 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSETMAGIC|SV* sv
1818 Invokes C<mg_set> on an SV if it has 'set' magic.  This macro evaluates its
1819 argument more than once.
1820 
1821 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetSV|SV* dsb|SV* ssv
1822 Calls C<sv_setsv> if dsv is not the same as ssv.  May evaluate arguments
1823 more than once.
1824 
1825 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetSV_nosteal|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1826 Calls a non-destructive version of C<sv_setsv> if dsv is not the same as
1827 ssv. May evaluate arguments more than once.
1828 
1829 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetMagicSV|SV* dsb|SV* ssv
1830 Like C<SvSetSV>, but does any set magic required afterwards.
1831 
1832 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetMagicSV_nosteal|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1833 Like C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, but does any set magic required afterwards.
1834 
1835 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSHARE|SV* sv
1836 Arranges for sv to be shared between threads if a suitable module
1837 has been loaded.
1838 
1839 =for apidoc Am|void|SvLOCK|SV* sv
1840 Arranges for a mutual exclusion lock to be obtained on sv if a suitable module
1841 has been loaded.
1842 
1843 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUNLOCK|SV* sv
1844 Releases a mutual exclusion lock on sv if a suitable module
1845 has been loaded.
1846 
1847 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1848 
1849 =for apidoc Am|char *|SvGROW|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1850 Expands the character buffer in the SV so that it has room for the
1851 indicated number of bytes (remember to reserve space for an extra trailing
1852 NUL character).  Calls C<sv_grow> to perform the expansion if necessary.
1853 Returns a pointer to the character buffer.
1854 
1855 =cut
1856 */
1857 
1858 #define SvSHARE(sv) CALL_FPTR(PL_sharehook)(aTHX_ sv)
1859 #define SvLOCK(sv) CALL_FPTR(PL_lockhook)(aTHX_ sv)
1860 #define SvUNLOCK(sv) CALL_FPTR(PL_unlockhook)(aTHX_ sv)
1861 #define SvDESTROYABLE(sv) CALL_FPTR(PL_destroyhook)(aTHX_ sv)
1862 
1863 #define SvGETMAGIC(x) STMT_START { if (SvGMAGICAL(x)) mg_get(x); } STMT_END
1864 #define SvSETMAGIC(x) STMT_START { if (SvSMAGICAL(x)) mg_set(x); } STMT_END
1865 
1866 #define SvSetSV_and(dst,src,finally) \
1867 	STMT_START {					\
1868 	    if ((dst) != (src)) {			\
1869 		sv_setsv(dst, src);			\
1870 		finally;				\
1871 	    }						\
1872 	} STMT_END
1873 #define SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,finally) \
1874 	STMT_START {					\
1875 	    if ((dst) != (src)) {			\
1876 		sv_setsv_flags(dst, src, SV_GMAGIC | SV_NOSTEAL | SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV);	\
1877 		finally;				\
1878 	    }						\
1879 	} STMT_END
1880 
1881 #define SvSetSV(dst,src) \
1882 		SvSetSV_and(dst,src,/*nothing*/;)
1883 #define SvSetSV_nosteal(dst,src) \
1884 		SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,/*nothing*/;)
1885 
1886 #define SvSetMagicSV(dst,src) \
1887 		SvSetSV_and(dst,src,SvSETMAGIC(dst))
1888 #define SvSetMagicSV_nosteal(dst,src) \
1889 		SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,SvSETMAGIC(dst))
1890 
1891 
1892 #if !defined(SKIP_DEBUGGING)
1893 #define SvPEEK(sv) sv_peek(sv)
1894 #else
1895 #define SvPEEK(sv) ""
1896 #endif
1897 
1898 #define SvIMMORTAL(sv) ((sv)==&PL_sv_undef || (sv)==&PL_sv_yes || (sv)==&PL_sv_no || (sv)==&PL_sv_placeholder)
1899 
1900 #define boolSV(b) ((b) ? &PL_sv_yes : &PL_sv_no)
1901 
1902 #define isGV(sv) (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV)
1903 /* If I give every macro argument a different name, then there won't be bugs
1904    where nested macros get confused. Been there, done that.  */
1905 #define isGV_with_GP(pwadak) \
1906 	(((SvFLAGS(pwadak) & (SVp_POK|SVpgv_GP)) == SVpgv_GP)	\
1907 	&& (SvTYPE(pwadak) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(pwadak) == SVt_PVLV))
1908 #define isGV_with_GP_on(sv)	STMT_START {			       \
1909 	assert (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV); \
1910 	assert (!SvPOKp(sv));					       \
1911 	assert (!SvIOKp(sv));					       \
1912 	(SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpgv_GP);				       \
1913     } STMT_END
1914 #define isGV_with_GP_off(sv)	STMT_START {			       \
1915 	assert (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV); \
1916 	assert (!SvPOKp(sv));					       \
1917 	assert (!SvIOKp(sv));					       \
1918 	(SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpgv_GP);				       \
1919     } STMT_END
1920 
1921 
1922 #define SvGROW(sv,len) (SvLEN(sv) < (len) ? sv_grow(sv,len) : SvPVX(sv))
1923 #define SvGROW_mutable(sv,len) \
1924     (SvLEN(sv) < (len) ? sv_grow(sv,len) : SvPVX_mutable(sv))
1925 #define Sv_Grow sv_grow
1926 
1927 #define CLONEf_COPY_STACKS 1
1928 #define CLONEf_KEEP_PTR_TABLE 2
1929 #define CLONEf_CLONE_HOST 4
1930 #define CLONEf_JOIN_IN 8
1931 
1932 struct clone_params {
1933   AV* stashes;
1934   UV  flags;
1935   PerlInterpreter *proto_perl;
1936 };
1937 
1938 /*
1939 =for apidoc Am|SV*|newSVpvn_utf8|NULLOK const char* s|STRLEN len|U32 utf8
1940 
1941 Creates a new SV and copies a string into it.  If utf8 is true, calls
1942 C<SvUTF8_on> on the new SV.  Implemented as a wrapper around C<newSVpvn_flags>.
1943 
1944 =cut
1945 */
1946 
1947 #define newSVpvn_utf8(s, len, u) newSVpvn_flags((s), (len), (u) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0)
1948 
1949 /*
1950 =for apidoc Am|void|SvOOK_offset|NN SV*sv|STRLEN len
1951 
1952 Reads into I<len> the offset from SvPVX back to the true start of the
1953 allocated buffer, which will be non-zero if C<sv_chop> has been used to
1954 efficiently remove characters from start of the buffer. Implemented as a
1955 macro, which takes the address of I<len>, which must be of type C<STRLEN>.
1956 Evaluates I<sv> more than once. Sets I<len> to 0 if C<SvOOK(sv)> is false.
1957 
1958 =cut
1959 */
1960 
1961 #ifdef DEBUGGING
1962 /* Does the bot know something I don't?
1963 10:28 <@Nicholas> metabatman
1964 10:28 <+meta> Nicholas: crash
1965 */
1966 #  define SvOOK_offset(sv, offset) STMT_START {				\
1967 	assert(sizeof(offset) == sizeof(STRLEN));			\
1968 	if (SvOOK(sv)) {						\
1969 	    const U8 *crash = (U8*)SvPVX_const(sv);			\
1970 	    offset = *--crash;						\
1971  	    if (!offset) {						\
1972 		crash -= sizeof(STRLEN);				\
1973 		Copy(crash, (U8 *)&offset, sizeof(STRLEN), U8);		\
1974 	    }								\
1975 	    {								\
1976 		/* Validate the preceding buffer's sentinels to		\
1977 		   verify that no-one is using it.  */			\
1978 		const U8 *const bonk = (U8 *) SvPVX_const(sv) - offset;	\
1979 		while (crash > bonk) {					\
1980 		    --crash;						\
1981 		    assert (*crash == (U8)PTR2UV(crash));		\
1982 		}							\
1983 	    }								\
1984 	} else {							\
1985 	    offset = 0;							\
1986 	}								\
1987     } STMT_END
1988 #else
1989     /* This is the same code, but avoids using any temporary variables:  */
1990 #  define SvOOK_offset(sv, offset) STMT_START {				\
1991 	assert(sizeof(offset) == sizeof(STRLEN));			\
1992 	if (SvOOK(sv)) {						\
1993 	    offset = ((U8*)SvPVX_const(sv))[-1];			\
1994 	    if (!offset) {						\
1995 		Copy(SvPVX_const(sv) - 1 - sizeof(STRLEN),		\
1996 		     (U8 *)&offset, sizeof(STRLEN), U8);		\
1997 	    }								\
1998 	} else {							\
1999 	    offset = 0;							\
2000 	}								\
2001     } STMT_END
2002 #endif
2003 
2004 #define newIO()	MUTABLE_IO(newSV_type(SVt_PVIO))
2005 
2006 /*
2007  * Local variables:
2008  * c-indentation-style: bsd
2009  * c-basic-offset: 4
2010  * indent-tabs-mode: t
2011  * End:
2012  *
2013  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
2014  */
2015