xref: /openbsd/lib/libc/gen/getcap.c (revision 3d8817e4)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: getcap.c,v 1.27 2006/05/15 04:18:19 hugh Exp $ */
2 /*-
3  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
7  * Casey Leedom of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 
36 #include <ctype.h>
37 #include <db.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <limits.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 
46 #define	BFRAG		1024
47 #define	BSIZE		1024
48 #define	ESC		('[' & 037)	/* ASCII ESC */
49 #define	MAX_RECURSION	32		/* maximum getent recursion */
50 #define	SFRAG		100		/* cgetstr mallocs in SFRAG chunks */
51 
52 #define RECOK	(char)0
53 #define TCERR	(char)1
54 #define	SHADOW	(char)2
55 
56 static size_t	 topreclen;	/* toprec length */
57 static char	*toprec;	/* Additional record specified by cgetset() */
58 static int	 gottoprec;	/* Flag indicating retrieval of toprecord */
59 
60 static int	cdbget(DB *, char **, const char *);
61 static int 	getent(char **, u_int *, char **, int, const char *, int, char *);
62 static int	nfcmp(const char *, char *);
63 
64 static int	usedb = 1;
65 
66 /*
67  * Cgetusedb() allows the user to specify whether or not to use a .db
68  * version of the database file (if it exists) in preference to the
69  * text version.  By default, the getcap(3) routines will use a .db file.
70  */
71 int
72 cgetusedb(int new_usedb)
73 {
74 	int old_usedb = usedb;
75 
76 	usedb = new_usedb;
77 	return(old_usedb);
78 }
79 
80 /*
81  * Cgetset() allows the addition of a user specified buffer to be added
82  * to the database array, in effect "pushing" the buffer on top of the
83  * virtual database. 0 is returned on success, -1 on failure.
84  */
85 int
86 cgetset(const char *ent)
87 {
88 	if (ent == NULL) {
89 		if (toprec)
90 			free(toprec);
91 		toprec = NULL;
92 		topreclen = 0;
93 		return (0);
94 	}
95 	topreclen = strlen(ent);
96 	if ((toprec = malloc(topreclen + 1)) == NULL)
97 		return (-1);
98 	gottoprec = 0;
99 	memcpy(toprec, ent, topreclen + 1);
100 	return (0);
101 }
102 
103 /*
104  * Cgetcap searches the capability record buf for the capability cap with
105  * type `type'.  A pointer to the value of cap is returned on success, NULL
106  * if the requested capability couldn't be found.
107  *
108  * Specifying a type of ':' means that nothing should follow cap (:cap:).
109  * In this case a pointer to the terminating ':' or NUL will be returned if
110  * cap is found.
111  *
112  * If (cap, '@') or (cap, terminator, '@') is found before (cap, terminator)
113  * return NULL.
114  */
115 char *
116 cgetcap(char *buf, const char *cap, int type)
117 {
118 	char *bp;
119 	const char *cp;
120 
121 	bp = buf;
122 	for (;;) {
123 		/*
124 		 * Skip past the current capability field - it's either the
125 		 * name field if this is the first time through the loop, or
126 		 * the remainder of a field whose name failed to match cap.
127 		 */
128 		for (;;)
129 			if (*bp == '\0')
130 				return (NULL);
131 			else
132 				if (*bp++ == ':')
133 					break;
134 
135 		/*
136 		 * Try to match (cap, type) in buf.
137 		 */
138 		for (cp = cap; *cp == *bp && *bp != '\0'; cp++, bp++)
139 			continue;
140 		if (*cp != '\0')
141 			continue;
142 		if (*bp == '@')
143 			return (NULL);
144 		if (type == ':') {
145 			if (*bp != '\0' && *bp != ':')
146 				continue;
147 			return(bp);
148 		}
149 		if (*bp != type)
150 			continue;
151 		bp++;
152 		return (*bp == '@' ? NULL : bp);
153 	}
154 	/* NOTREACHED */
155 }
156 
157 /*
158  * Cgetent extracts the capability record name from the NULL terminated file
159  * array db_array and returns a pointer to a malloc'd copy of it in buf.
160  * Buf must be retained through all subsequent calls to cgetcap, cgetnum,
161  * cgetflag, and cgetstr, but may then be free'd.  0 is returned on success,
162  * -1 if the requested record couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was
163  * encountered (couldn't open/read a file, etc.), and -3 if a potential
164  * reference loop is detected.
165  */
166 int
167 cgetent(char **buf, char **db_array, const char *name)
168 {
169 	u_int dummy;
170 
171 	return (getent(buf, &dummy, db_array, -1, name, 0, NULL));
172 }
173 
174 /*
175  * Getent implements the functions of cgetent.  If fd is non-negative,
176  * *db_array has already been opened and fd is the open file descriptor.  We
177  * do this to save time and avoid using up file descriptors for tc=
178  * recursions.
179  *
180  * Getent returns the same success/failure codes as cgetent.  On success, a
181  * pointer to a malloc'ed capability record with all tc= capabilities fully
182  * expanded and its length (not including trailing ASCII NUL) are left in
183  * *cap and *len.
184  *
185  * Basic algorithm:
186  *	+ Allocate memory incrementally as needed in chunks of size BFRAG
187  *	  for capability buffer.
188  *	+ Recurse for each tc=name and interpolate result.  Stop when all
189  *	  names interpolated, a name can't be found, or depth exceeds
190  *	  MAX_RECURSION.
191  */
192 static int
193 getent(char **cap, u_int *len, char **db_array, int fd,
194 	const char *name, int depth, char *nfield)
195 {
196 	DB *capdbp;
197 	char *r_end, *rp, **db_p;
198 	int myfd, eof, foundit, opened, retval, clen;
199 	char *record, *cbuf;
200 	int tc_not_resolved;
201 	char pbuf[PATH_MAX];
202 
203 	/*
204 	 * Return with ``loop detected'' error if we've recursed more than
205 	 * MAX_RECURSION times.
206 	 */
207 	if (depth > MAX_RECURSION)
208 		return (-3);
209 
210 	opened = 0;
211 
212 	/*
213 	 * Check if we have a top record from cgetset().
214 	 */
215 	if (depth == 0 && toprec != NULL && cgetmatch(toprec, name) == 0) {
216 		opened++;
217 		if ((record = malloc(topreclen + 1 + BFRAG)) == NULL)
218 			return (-2);
219 		memcpy(record, toprec, topreclen + 1);
220 		myfd = 0;
221 		db_p = db_array;
222 		rp = record + topreclen + 1;
223 		r_end = rp + BFRAG;
224 		goto tc_exp;
225 	}
226 	/*
227 	 * Allocate first chunk of memory.
228 	 */
229 	if ((record = malloc(BFRAG)) == NULL)
230 		return (-2);
231 	r_end = record + BFRAG;
232 	foundit = 0;
233 	/*
234 	 * Loop through database array until finding the record.
235 	 */
236 
237 	for (db_p = db_array; *db_p != NULL; db_p++) {
238 		eof = 0;
239 
240 		/*
241 		 * Open database if not already open.
242 		 */
243 		if (fd >= 0) {
244 			(void)lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET);
245 			myfd = 0;
246 			opened++;
247 		} else {
248 			char *dbrecord;
249 
250 			clen = snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s.db", *db_p);
251 			if (clen != -1 && clen < sizeof(pbuf) && usedb &&
252 			    (capdbp = dbopen(pbuf, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, 0))) {
253 				opened++;
254 				retval = cdbget(capdbp, &dbrecord, name);
255 				if (retval < 0) {
256 					/* no record available */
257 					(void)capdbp->close(capdbp);
258 					continue;
259 				}
260 				free(record);
261 				/* save the data; close frees it */
262 				clen = strlen(dbrecord);
263 				if ((cbuf = malloc(clen + 1)) == NULL)
264 					return (-2);
265 				memcpy(cbuf, dbrecord, clen + 1);
266 				if (capdbp->close(capdbp) < 0) {
267 					free(cbuf);
268 					return (-2);
269 				}
270 				/* assume tc='s have been expanded??? */
271 				*len = clen;
272 				*cap = cbuf;
273 				return (retval);
274 			} else {
275 				fd = open(*db_p, O_RDONLY, 0);
276 				if (fd < 0) {
277 					/* No error on unfound file. */
278 					continue;
279 				}
280 				myfd = 1;
281 				opened++;
282 			}
283 		}
284 		/*
285 		 * Find the requested capability record ...
286 		 */
287 		{
288 		    char buf[BUFSIZ];
289 		    char *b_end, *bp;
290 		    int c;
291 
292 		    /*
293 		     * Loop invariants:
294 		     *	There is always room for one more character in record.
295 		     *	R_end always points just past end of record.
296 		     *	Rp always points just past last character in record.
297 		     *	B_end always points just past last character in buf.
298 		     *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
299 		     */
300 		    b_end = buf;
301 		    bp = buf;
302 		    for (;;) {
303 
304 			/*
305 			 * Read in a line implementing (\, newline)
306 			 * line continuation.
307 			 */
308 			rp = record;
309 			for (;;) {
310 				if (bp >= b_end) {
311 					int n;
312 
313 					n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
314 					if (n <= 0) {
315 						if (myfd)
316 							(void)close(fd);
317 						if (n < 0) {
318 							free(record);
319 							return (-2);
320 						} else {
321 							fd = -1;
322 							eof = 1;
323 							break;
324 						}
325 					}
326 					b_end = buf+n;
327 					bp = buf;
328 				}
329 
330 				c = *bp++;
331 				if (c == '\n') {
332 					if (rp > record && *(rp-1) == '\\') {
333 						rp--;
334 						continue;
335 					} else
336 						break;
337 				}
338 				*rp++ = c;
339 
340 				/*
341 				 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room
342 				 * left in record buffer, try to get
343 				 * some more.
344 				 */
345 				if (rp >= r_end) {
346 					u_int pos;
347 					size_t newsize;
348 					char *nrecord;
349 
350 					pos = rp - record;
351 					newsize = r_end - record + BFRAG;
352 					nrecord = realloc(record, newsize);
353 					if (nrecord == NULL) {
354 						if (record)
355 							free(record);
356 						if (myfd)
357 							(void)close(fd);
358 						errno = ENOMEM;
359 						return (-2);
360 					}
361 					record = nrecord;
362 					r_end = record + newsize;
363 					rp = record + pos;
364 				}
365 			}
366 				/* loop invariant lets us do this */
367 			*rp++ = '\0';
368 
369 			/*
370 			 * If encountered EOF check next file.
371 			 */
372 			if (eof)
373 				break;
374 
375 			/*
376 			 * Toss blank lines and comments.
377 			 */
378 			if (*record == '\0' || *record == '#')
379 				continue;
380 
381 			/*
382 			 * See if this is the record we want ...
383 			 */
384 			if (cgetmatch(record, name) == 0) {
385 				if (nfield == NULL || !nfcmp(nfield, record)) {
386 					foundit = 1;
387 					break;	/* found it! */
388 				}
389 			}
390 		    }
391 		}
392 		if (foundit)
393 			break;
394 	}
395 
396 	if (!foundit) {
397 		free(record);
398 		return (opened ? -1 : -2);
399 	}
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * Got the capability record, but now we have to expand all tc=name
403 	 * references in it ...
404 	 */
405 tc_exp:	{
406 		char *s;
407 		u_int ilen;
408 		int diff, iret, tclen;
409 		char *ibuf, *icap, *scan, *tc, *tcstart, *tcend;
410 
411 		/*
412 		 * Loop invariants:
413 		 *	There is room for one more character in record.
414 		 *	R_end points just past end of record.
415 		 *	Rp points just past last character in record.
416 		 *	Scan points at remainder of record that needs to be
417 		 *	scanned for tc=name constructs.
418 		 */
419 		scan = record;
420 		tc_not_resolved = 0;
421 		for (;;) {
422 			if ((tc = cgetcap(scan, "tc", '=')) == NULL)
423 				break;
424 
425 			/*
426 			 * Find end of tc=name and stomp on the trailing `:'
427 			 * (if present) so we can use it to call ourselves.
428 			 */
429 			s = tc;
430 			for (;;) {
431 				if (*s == '\0')
432 					break;
433 				else
434 					if (*s++ == ':') {
435 						*(s - 1) = '\0';
436 						break;
437 					}
438 			}
439 			tcstart = tc - 3;
440 			tclen = s - tcstart;
441 			tcend = s;
442 
443 			iret = getent(&icap, &ilen, db_p, fd, tc, depth+1,
444 				      NULL);
445 			if (iret != 0) {
446 				/* an error */
447 				if (iret < -1) {
448 					if (myfd)
449 						(void)close(fd);
450 					free(record);
451 					return (iret);
452 				}
453 				if (iret == 1)
454 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
455 				/* couldn't resolve tc */
456 				if (iret == -1) {
457 					*(s - 1) = ':';
458 					scan = s - 1;
459 					tc_not_resolved = 1;
460 					continue;
461 
462 				}
463 			}
464 			/* not interested in name field of tc'ed record */
465 			s = ibuf = icap;
466 			for (;;)
467 				if (*s == '\0')
468 					break;
469 				else
470 					if (*s++ == ':')
471 						break;
472 			ilen -= s - icap;
473 			icap = s;
474 
475 			/* make sure interpolated record is `:'-terminated */
476 			s += ilen;
477 			if (*(s-1) != ':') {
478 				*s = ':';	/* overwrite NUL with : */
479 				ilen++;
480 			}
481 
482 			/*
483 			 * Make sure there's enough room to insert the
484 			 * new record.
485 			 */
486 			diff = ilen - tclen;
487 			if (diff >= r_end - rp) {
488 				u_int pos, tcpos, tcposend;
489 				size_t newsize;
490 				char *nrecord;
491 
492 				pos = rp - record;
493 				newsize = r_end - record + diff + BFRAG;
494 				tcpos = tcstart - record;
495 				tcposend = tcend - record;
496 				nrecord = realloc(record, newsize);
497 				if (nrecord == NULL) {
498 					if (record)
499 						free(record);
500 					if (myfd)
501 						(void)close(fd);
502 					free(ibuf);
503 					errno = ENOMEM;
504 					return (-2);
505 				}
506 				record = nrecord;
507 				r_end = record + newsize;
508 				rp = record + pos;
509 				tcstart = record + tcpos;
510 				tcend = record + tcposend;
511 			}
512 
513 			/*
514 			 * Insert tc'ed record into our record.
515 			 */
516 			s = tcstart + ilen;
517 			memmove(s, tcend, rp - tcend);
518 			memmove(tcstart, icap, ilen);
519 			rp += diff;
520 			free(ibuf);
521 
522 			/*
523 			 * Start scan on `:' so next cgetcap works properly
524 			 * (cgetcap always skips first field).
525 			 */
526 			scan = s-1;
527 		}
528 
529 	}
530 	/*
531 	 * Close file (if we opened it), give back any extra memory, and
532 	 * return capability, length and success.
533 	 */
534 	if (myfd)
535 		(void)close(fd);
536 	*len = rp - record - 1;	/* don't count NUL */
537 	if (r_end > rp) {
538 		char *nrecord;
539 
540 		if ((nrecord =
541 		     realloc(record, (size_t)(rp - record))) == NULL) {
542 			if (record)
543 				free(record);
544 			errno = ENOMEM;
545 			return (-2);
546 		}
547 		record = nrecord;
548 	}
549 	*cap = record;
550 	if (tc_not_resolved)
551 		return (1);
552 	return (0);
553 }
554 
555 static int
556 cdbget(DB *capdbp, char **bp, const char *name)
557 {
558 	DBT key, data;
559 
560 	key.data = (void *)name;
561 	key.size = strlen(name);
562 
563 	for (;;) {
564 		/* Get the reference. */
565 		switch(capdbp->get(capdbp, &key, &data, 0)) {
566 		case -1:
567 			return (-2);
568 		case 1:
569 			return (-1);
570 		}
571 
572 		/* If not an index to another record, leave. */
573 		if (((char *)data.data)[0] != SHADOW)
574 			break;
575 
576 		key.data = (char *)data.data + 1;
577 		key.size = data.size - 1;
578 	}
579 
580 	*bp = (char *)data.data + 1;
581 	return (((char *)(data.data))[0] == TCERR ? 1 : 0);
582 }
583 
584 /*
585  * Cgetmatch will return 0 if name is one of the names of the capability
586  * record buf, -1 if not.
587  */
588 int
589 cgetmatch(char *buf, const char *name)
590 {
591 	char *bp;
592 	const char *np;
593 
594 	if (*name == '\0')
595 		return (-1);
596 	/*
597 	 * Start search at beginning of record.
598 	 */
599 	bp = buf;
600 	for (;;) {
601 		/*
602 		 * Try to match a record name.
603 		 */
604 		np = name;
605 		for (;;)
606 			if (*np == '\0') {
607 				if (*bp == '|' || *bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
608 					return (0);
609 				else
610 					break;
611 			} else
612 				if (*bp++ != *np++)
613 					break;
614 
615 		/*
616 		 * Match failed, skip to next name in record.
617 		 */
618 		bp--;	/* a '|' or ':' may have stopped the match */
619 		for (;;)
620 			if (*bp == '\0' || *bp == ':')
621 				return (-1);	/* match failed totally */
622 			else
623 				if (*bp++ == '|')
624 					break;	/* found next name */
625 	}
626 }
627 
628 int
629 cgetfirst(char **buf, char **db_array)
630 {
631 
632 	(void)cgetclose();
633 	return (cgetnext(buf, db_array));
634 }
635 
636 static FILE *pfp;
637 static int slash;
638 static char **dbp;
639 
640 int
641 cgetclose(void)
642 {
643 
644 	if (pfp != NULL) {
645 		(void)fclose(pfp);
646 		pfp = NULL;
647 	}
648 	dbp = NULL;
649 	gottoprec = 0;
650 	slash = 0;
651 	return(0);
652 }
653 
654 /*
655  * Cgetnext() gets either the first or next entry in the logical database
656  * specified by db_array.  It returns 0 upon completion of the database, 1
657  * upon returning an entry with more remaining, and -1 if an error occurs.
658  */
659 int
660 cgetnext(char **bp, char **db_array)
661 {
662 	size_t len;
663 	int status, done;
664 	char *line, *np, buf[BSIZE], nbuf[BSIZE];
665 	u_int dummy;
666 
667 	if (dbp == NULL)
668 		dbp = db_array;
669 
670 	if (pfp == NULL && (pfp = fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
671 		(void)cgetclose();
672 		return (-1);
673 	}
674 	for (;;) {
675 		if (toprec && !gottoprec) {
676 			gottoprec = 1;
677 			line = toprec;
678 		} else {
679 			line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
680 			if (line == NULL) {
681 				if (ferror(pfp)) {
682 					(void)cgetclose();
683 					return (-1);
684 				} else {
685 					(void)fclose(pfp);
686 					pfp = NULL;
687 					if (*++dbp == NULL) {
688 						(void)cgetclose();
689 						return (0);
690 					} else if ((pfp =
691 					    fopen(*dbp, "r")) == NULL) {
692 						(void)cgetclose();
693 						return (-1);
694 					} else
695 						continue;
696 				}
697 			} else
698 				line[len - 1] = '\0';/* XXX - assumes newline */
699 			if (len == 1) {
700 				slash = 0;
701 				continue;
702 			}
703 			if (isspace(*line) ||
704 			    *line == ':' || *line == '#' || slash) {
705 				if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
706 					slash = 1;
707 				else
708 					slash = 0;
709 				continue;
710 			}
711 			if (line[len - 2] == '\\')
712 				slash = 1;
713 			else
714 				slash = 0;
715 		}
716 
717 
718 		/*
719 		 * Line points to a name line.
720 		 */
721 		done = 0;
722 		np = nbuf;
723 		for (;;) {
724 			len = strcspn(line, ":\\");
725 			if (line[len] == ':') {
726 				done = 1;
727 				++len;
728 			}
729 			/* copy substring */
730 			if (len >= sizeof(nbuf) - (np - nbuf)) {
731 				(void)cgetclose();
732 				return (-1);
733 			}
734 			memcpy(np, line, len);
735 			np += len;
736 
737 			if (done) {
738 				*np = '\0';
739 				break;
740 			} else { /* name field extends beyond the line */
741 				line = fgetln(pfp, &len);
742 				if (line == NULL) {
743 					if (ferror(pfp)) {
744 						(void)cgetclose();
745 						return (-1);
746 					}
747 					/* Move on to next file. */
748 					(void)fclose(pfp);
749 					pfp = NULL;
750 					++dbp;
751 					/* NUL terminate nbuf. */
752 					*np = '\0';
753 					break;
754 				} else
755 					/* XXX - assumes newline */
756 					line[len - 1] = '\0';
757 			}
758 		}
759 		len = strcspn(nbuf, "|:");
760 		memcpy(buf, nbuf, len);
761 		buf[len] = '\0';
762 		/*
763 		 * XXX
764 		 * Last argument of getent here should be nbuf if we want true
765 		 * sequential access in the case of duplicates.
766 		 * With NULL, getent will return the first entry found
767 		 * rather than the duplicate entry record.  This is a
768 		 * matter of semantics that should be resolved.
769 		 */
770 		status = getent(bp, &dummy, db_array, -1, buf, 0, NULL);
771 		if (status == -2 || status == -3)
772 			(void)cgetclose();
773 
774 		return (status + 1);
775 	}
776 	/* NOTREACHED */
777 }
778 
779 /*
780  * Cgetstr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
781  * capability record pointed to by buf.  A pointer to a decoded, NUL
782  * terminated, malloc'd copy of the string is returned in the char *
783  * pointed to by str.  The length of the string not including the trailing
784  * NUL is returned on success, -1 if the requested string capability
785  * couldn't be found, -2 if a system error was encountered (storage
786  * allocation failure).
787  */
788 int
789 cgetstr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
790 {
791 	u_int m_room;
792 	char *bp, *mp;
793 	int len;
794 	char *mem;
795 
796 	/*
797 	 * Find string capability cap
798 	 */
799 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=');
800 	if (bp == NULL)
801 		return (-1);
802 
803 	/*
804 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
805 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
806 	 */
807 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL)
808 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
809 	m_room = SFRAG;
810 	mp = mem;
811 
812 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
813 		/*
814 		 * Loop invariants:
815 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
816 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
817 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
818 		 */
819 		if (*bp == '^') {
820 			bp++;
821 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
822 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
823 			*mp++ = *bp++ & 037;
824 		} else if (*bp == '\\') {
825 			bp++;
826 			if (*bp == ':' || *bp == '\0')
827 				break;	/* drop unfinished escape */
828 			if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7') {
829 				int n, i;
830 
831 				n = 0;
832 				i = 3;	/* maximum of three octal digits */
833 				do {
834 					n = n * 8 + (*bp++ - '0');
835 				} while (--i && '0' <= *bp && *bp <= '7');
836 				*mp++ = n;
837 			}
838 			else switch (*bp++) {
839 				case 'b': case 'B':
840 					*mp++ = '\b';
841 					break;
842 				case 't': case 'T':
843 					*mp++ = '\t';
844 					break;
845 				case 'n': case 'N':
846 					*mp++ = '\n';
847 					break;
848 				case 'f': case 'F':
849 					*mp++ = '\f';
850 					break;
851 				case 'r': case 'R':
852 					*mp++ = '\r';
853 					break;
854 				case 'e': case 'E':
855 					*mp++ = ESC;
856 					break;
857 				case 'c': case 'C':
858 					*mp++ = ':';
859 					break;
860 				default:
861 					/*
862 					 * Catches '\', '^', and
863 					 *  everything else.
864 					 */
865 					*mp++ = *(bp-1);
866 					break;
867 			}
868 		} else
869 			*mp++ = *bp++;
870 		m_room--;
871 
872 		/*
873 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
874 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
875 		 */
876 		if (m_room == 0) {
877 			size_t size = mp - mem;
878 			char *nmem;
879 
880 			if ((nmem = realloc(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL) {
881 				if (mem)
882 					free(mem);
883 				return (-2);
884 			}
885 			mem = nmem;
886 			m_room = SFRAG;
887 			mp = mem + size;
888 		}
889 	}
890 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
891 	m_room--;
892 	len = mp - mem - 1;
893 
894 	/*
895 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
896 	 */
897 	if (m_room != 0) {
898 		char *nmem;
899 
900 		if ((nmem = realloc(mem, (size_t)(mp - mem))) == NULL) {
901 			if (mem)
902 				free(mem);
903 			return (-2);
904 		}
905 		mem = nmem;
906 	}
907 	*str = mem;
908 	return (len);
909 }
910 
911 /*
912  * Cgetustr retrieves the value of the string capability cap from the
913  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The difference between cgetustr()
914  * and cgetstr() is that cgetustr does not decode escapes but rather treats
915  * all characters literally.  A pointer to a  NUL terminated malloc'd
916  * copy of the string is returned in the char pointed to by str.  The
917  * length of the string not including the trailing NUL is returned on success,
918  * -1 if the requested string capability couldn't be found, -2 if a system
919  * error was encountered (storage allocation failure).
920  */
921 int
922 cgetustr(char *buf, const char *cap, char **str)
923 {
924 	u_int m_room;
925 	char *bp, *mp;
926 	int len;
927 	char *mem;
928 
929 	/*
930 	 * Find string capability cap
931 	 */
932 	if ((bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '=')) == NULL)
933 		return (-1);
934 
935 	/*
936 	 * Conversion / storage allocation loop ...  Allocate memory in
937 	 * chunks SFRAG in size.
938 	 */
939 	if ((mem = malloc(SFRAG)) == NULL)
940 		return (-2);	/* couldn't even allocate the first fragment */
941 	m_room = SFRAG;
942 	mp = mem;
943 
944 	while (*bp != ':' && *bp != '\0') {
945 		/*
946 		 * Loop invariants:
947 		 *	There is always room for one more character in mem.
948 		 *	Mp always points just past last character in mem.
949 		 *	Bp always points at next character in buf.
950 		 */
951 		*mp++ = *bp++;
952 		m_room--;
953 
954 		/*
955 		 * Enforce loop invariant: if no room left in current
956 		 * buffer, try to get some more.
957 		 */
958 		if (m_room == 0) {
959 			size_t size = mp - mem;
960 			char *nmem;
961 
962 			if ((nmem = realloc(mem, size + SFRAG)) == NULL) {
963 				if (mem)
964 					free(mem);
965 				return (-2);
966 			}
967 			mem = nmem;
968 			m_room = SFRAG;
969 			mp = mem + size;
970 		}
971 	}
972 	*mp++ = '\0';	/* loop invariant let's us do this */
973 	m_room--;
974 	len = mp - mem - 1;
975 
976 	/*
977 	 * Give back any extra memory and return value and success.
978 	 */
979 	if (m_room != 0) {
980 		char *nmem;
981 
982 		if ((nmem = realloc(mem, mp - mem)) == NULL) {
983 			if (mem)
984 				free(mem);
985 			return (-2);
986 		}
987 		mem = nmem;
988 	}
989 	*str = mem;
990 	return (len);
991 }
992 
993 /*
994  * Cgetnum retrieves the value of the numeric capability cap from the
995  * capability record pointed to by buf.  The numeric value is returned in
996  * the long pointed to by num.  0 is returned on success, -1 if the requested
997  * numeric capability couldn't be found.
998  */
999 int
1000 cgetnum(char *buf, const char *cap, long *num)
1001 {
1002 	long n;
1003 	int base, digit;
1004 	char *bp;
1005 
1006 	/*
1007 	 * Find numeric capability cap
1008 	 */
1009 	bp = cgetcap(buf, cap, '#');
1010 	if (bp == NULL)
1011 		return (-1);
1012 
1013 	/*
1014 	 * Look at value and determine numeric base:
1015 	 *	0x... or 0X...	hexadecimal,
1016 	 * else	0...		octal,
1017 	 * else			decimal.
1018 	 */
1019 	if (*bp == '0') {
1020 		bp++;
1021 		if (*bp == 'x' || *bp == 'X') {
1022 			bp++;
1023 			base = 16;
1024 		} else
1025 			base = 8;
1026 	} else
1027 		base = 10;
1028 
1029 	/*
1030 	 * Conversion loop ...
1031 	 */
1032 	n = 0;
1033 	for (;;) {
1034 		if ('0' <= *bp && *bp <= '9')
1035 			digit = *bp - '0';
1036 		else if ('a' <= *bp && *bp <= 'f')
1037 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'a';
1038 		else if ('A' <= *bp && *bp <= 'F')
1039 			digit = 10 + *bp - 'A';
1040 		else
1041 			break;
1042 
1043 		if (digit >= base)
1044 			break;
1045 
1046 		n = n * base + digit;
1047 		bp++;
1048 	}
1049 
1050 	/*
1051 	 * Return value and success.
1052 	 */
1053 	*num = n;
1054 	return (0);
1055 }
1056 
1057 /*
1058  * Compare name field of record.
1059  */
1060 static int
1061 nfcmp(const char *nf, char *rec)
1062 {
1063 	char *cp, tmp;
1064 	int ret;
1065 
1066 	for (cp = rec; *cp != ':'; cp++)
1067 		;
1068 
1069 	tmp = *(cp + 1);
1070 	*(cp + 1) = '\0';
1071 	ret = strcmp(nf, rec);
1072 	*(cp + 1) = tmp;
1073 
1074 	return (ret);
1075 }
1076