1.\" $OpenBSD: bwi.4,v 1.40 2014/02/15 20:28:19 tedu Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Marcus Glocker <mglocker@openbsd.org> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: February 15 2014 $ 18.Dt BWI 4 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm bwi 22.Nd Broadcom AirForce IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device 23.Sh SYNOPSIS 24.Cd "bwi* at cardbus?" 25.Cd "bwi* at pci?" 26.Sh DESCRIPTION 27The 28.Nm 29driver provides support for Broadcom AirForce based 30PCI/Cardbus network adapters. 31.Pp 32These are the modes the 33.Nm 34driver can operate in: 35.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 36.It BSS mode 37Also known as 38.Em infrastructure 39mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 40which all traffic passes. 41This mode is the default. 42.It monitor mode 43In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 44associating with an access point. 45This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 46capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 47or to scan for access points. 48.El 49.Pp 50The 51.Nm 52driver can be configured to use 53Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 54Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 55WPA is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 56It is strongly recommended that WEP 57not be used as the sole mechanism 58to secure wireless communication, 59due to serious weaknesses in it. 60The 61.Nm 62driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 63of data frames. 64.Pp 65The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the 66driver depending on the received signal strength and on the number of hardware 67transmission retries. 68.Pp 69The 70.Nm 71driver can be configured at runtime with 72.Xr ifconfig 8 73or on boot with 74.Xr hostname.if 5 . 75.Sh FILES 76The driver needs a firmware file which is loaded when an interface is 77brought up: 78.Pp 79.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 80.It Pa /etc/firmware/bwi-airforce 81.El 82.\".Pp 83.\"These firmware files are not free because Broadcom refuses 84.\"to grant distribution rights. 85.\"As a result, even though 86.\".Ox 87.\"includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 88.\"users have to download these files on their own. 89.Pp 90A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 91.Xr fw_update 1 . 92.Sh HARDWARE 93The following cards are among those supported by the 94.Nm 95driver: 96.Bl -column "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" "BCM4306" "CardBus" "Standard" -offset 6n 97.It Em Card Ta Em Chip Ta Em Bus Ta Em Standard 98.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 99.It "Apple Airport Extreme" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 100.It "ASUS WL-138g" Ta BCM4318 Ta PCI Ta b/g 101.It "Buffalo WLI-CB-G54" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 102.It "Compaq R4035 onboard" Ta BCM4306 Ta PCI Ta b/g 103.It "HP nx6125" Ta BCM4319 Ta PCI Ta b/g 104.It "Linksys WPC54G Ver 3" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 105.It "Linksys WPC54GS Ver 2" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 106.It "TRENDnet TEW-401PCplus" Ta BCM4306 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 107.It "US Robotics 5411" Ta BCM4318 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 108.El 109.Sh EXAMPLES 110The following example scans for available networks: 111.Pp 112.Dl # ifconfig bwi0 scan 113.Pp 114The following 115.Xr hostname.if 5 116example configures bwi0 to join network 117.Dq mynwid , 118using WPA key 119.Dq mywpakey , 120obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 121.Bd -literal -offset indent 122nwid mynwid 123wpakey mywpakey 124dhcp 125.Ed 126.Sh SEE ALSO 127.Xr arp 4 , 128.Xr cardbus 4 , 129.Xr ifmedia 4 , 130.Xr intro 4 , 131.Xr netintro 4 , 132.Xr pci 4 , 133.Xr hostname.if 5 , 134.\".Xr hostapd 8 , 135.Xr ifconfig 8 136.Sh HISTORY 137The 138.Nm 139driver first appeared in 140.Ox 4.3 . 141.Sh AUTHORS 142.An -nosplit 143The 144.Nm 145driver was written for 146.Dx 147by 148.An Sepherosa Ziehau 149and ported to 150.Ox 151by 152.An Jonathan Gray 153and 154.An Marcus Glocker . 155.Sh CAVEATS 156Some chips are incorrectly calibrated due to the lack of documentation, 157which can slow the amount of traffic to the point of being unusable. 158Furthermore this driver only supports firmware version 3. 159