1.\" $OpenBSD: malo.4,v 1.35 2010/11/01 17:59:09 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2006 Theo de Raadt. 4.\" 5.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7.\" are met: 8.\" 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 13.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 14.\" distribution. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 17.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 18.\" LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS 19.\" FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE 20.\" COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 21.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 22.\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; 23.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 24.\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 25.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT 26.\" OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" 29.Dd $Mdocdate: November 1 2010 $ 30.Dt MALO 4 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm malo 34.Nd Marvell Libertas IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device 35.Sh SYNOPSIS 36.Cd "malo* at cardbus?" 37.Cd "malo* at pci?" 38.Cd "malo* at pcmcia?" 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The 41.Nm 42driver provides support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335/88W8310/88W8385 based 43PCI/CardBus/PCMCIA network adapters. 44The second generation 88W8335/88W8310 chipsets support 802.11b/g. 45.Pp 46These are the modes the 47.Nm 48driver can operate in: 49.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 50.It BSS mode 51Also known as 52.Em infrastructure 53mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 54which all traffic passes. 55This mode is the default. 56.\" .It IBSS mode 57.\" Also known as 58.\" .Em IEEE ad-hoc 59.\" mode or 60.\" .Em peer-to-peer 61.\" mode. 62.\" This is the standardized method of operating without an access point. 63.\" Stations associate with a service set. 64.\" However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer. 65.\" .It Host AP 66.\" In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station) 67.\" for other cards. 68.It monitor mode 69In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 70associating with an access point. 71This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 72capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 73or to scan for access points. 74.El 75.Pp 76The 77.Nm 78driver can be configured to use 79Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 80Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 81WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. 82It is strongly recommended that WEP 83not be used as the sole mechanism 84to secure wireless communication, 85due to serious weaknesses in it. 86The 87.Nm 88driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 89of data frames. 90.Pp 91The 92.Nm 93driver can be configured at runtime with 94.Xr ifconfig 8 95or on boot with 96.Xr hostname.if 5 . 97.Sh FILES 98The driver needs a set of firmware files which are loaded when 99an interface is brought up: 100.Pp 101.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 102.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8335-h 103.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8335-m 104.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8338 105.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8385-h 106.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8385-m 107.El 108.Pp 109These firmware files are not free because Marvell refuses 110to grant distribution rights. 111As a result, even though 112.Ox 113includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 114users have to download these files on their own. 115.Pp 116A prepackaged version of the firmware, designed to be used with 117.Xr pkg_add 1 , 118can be found at: 119.Bd -literal -offset 3n 120http://www.nazgul.ch/malo/malo-firmware-1.4.tgz 121.Ed 122.Sh HARDWARE 123The following cards are among those supported by the 124.Nm 125driver: 126.Pp 127.Bl -column -compact "Microcom Travelcard" "MALO111" "CardBus" "a/b/g" -offset 6n 128.It Em "Card Chip Bus Standard" 129.It Ambicom WL54CF 88W8385 PCMCIA b/g 130.It I-O DATA WN-G54/CF 88W8385 PCMCIA b/g 131.It Netgear WG511v2 88W8310 CardBus b/g 132.It Netgear WG311v3 88W8335 PCI b/g 133.It SparkLAN WCFM-100 88W8385 PCMCIA b/g 134.It Tenda TWL541C 88W8310 CardBus b/g 135.It Tenda TWL542P 88W8335 PCI b/g 136.El 137.Sh EXAMPLES 138The following 139.Xr hostname.if 5 140example configures malo0 to join whatever network is available on boot, 141using WEP key 142.Dq 0x1deadbeef1 , 143channel 11, obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 144.Bd -literal -offset indent 145dhcp NONE NONE NONE nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11 146.Ed 147.Pp 148.\"The following 149.\".Xr hostname.if 5 150.\"example creates a host-based access point on boot: 151.\".Bd -literal -offset indent 152.\"inet 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 NONE media autoselect \e 153.\" mediaopt hostap nwid my_net chan 11 154.\".Ed 155.\".Pp 156Configure malo0 to join network 157.Dq my_net 158using WPA with passphrase 159.Dq my_passphrase : 160.Bd -literal -offset indent 161# ifconfig malo0 nwid my_net wpakey my_passphrase 162.Ed 163.Pp 164Join an existing BSS network, 165.Dq my_net : 166.Bd -literal -offset indent 167# ifconfig malo0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net 168.Ed 169.Sh SEE ALSO 170.Xr arp 4 , 171.Xr cardbus 4 , 172.Xr ifmedia 4 , 173.Xr intro 4 , 174.Xr netintro 4 , 175.Xr pci 4 , 176.Xr hostname.if 5 , 177.Xr hostapd 8 , 178.Xr ifconfig 8 179.Sh HISTORY 180The 181.Nm 182driver first appeared in 183.Ox 4.1 . 184.Sh AUTHORS 185.An -nosplit 186The 187.Nm 188driver was written by 189.An Claudio Jeker 190and 191.An Marcus Glocker . 192