1.\" $OpenBSD: malo.4,v 1.52 2022/01/05 17:39:25 jmc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2006 Theo de Raadt. 4.\" 5.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7.\" are met: 8.\" 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 13.\" the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 14.\" distribution. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 17.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 18.\" LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS 19.\" FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE 20.\" COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 21.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 22.\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; 23.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 24.\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 25.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT 26.\" OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" 29.Dd $Mdocdate: January 5 2022 $ 30.Dt MALO 4 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm malo 34.Nd Marvell Libertas IEEE 802.11b/g wireless network device 35.Sh SYNOPSIS 36.Cd "malo* at cardbus?" 37.Cd "malo* at pci?" 38.Cd "malo* at pcmcia?" 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The 41.Nm 42driver provides support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335/88W8310/88W8385 based 43PCI/CardBus/PCMCIA network adapters. 44The second generation 88W8335/88W8310 chipsets support 802.11b/g. 45.Pp 46These are the modes the 47.Nm 48driver can operate in: 49.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 50.It BSS mode 51Also known as 52.Em infrastructure 53mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 54which all traffic passes. 55This mode is the default. 56.It monitor mode 57In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 58associating with an access point. 59This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 60capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 61or to scan for access points. 62.El 63.Pp 64The 65.Nm 66driver can be configured to use 67Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 68Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). 69WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 70It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 71are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, 72due to serious weaknesses. 73WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option 74.Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . 75For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), 76keys are configured using the 77.Qq Cm wpakey 78option. 79WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. 80The 81.Nm 82driver relies on the software 802.11 stack for both encryption and decryption 83of data frames. 84.Pp 85The 86.Nm 87driver can be configured at runtime with 88.Xr ifconfig 8 89or on boot with 90.Xr hostname.if 5 . 91.Sh FILES 92The driver needs a set of firmware files which are loaded when 93an interface is brought up: 94.Pp 95.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 96.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8335-h 97.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8335-m 98.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8338 99.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8385-h 100.It Pa /etc/firmware/malo8385-m 101.El 102.Pp 103These firmware files are not free because Marvell refuses 104to grant distribution rights. 105As a result, even though 106.Ox 107includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and 108users have to download these files on their own. 109.Pp 110A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 111.Xr fw_update 8 . 112.Sh HARDWARE 113The following cards are among those supported by the 114.Nm 115driver: 116.Bl -column "I-O DATA WN-G54/CF" "88W8385" "CardBus" "Standard" -offset 6n 117.It Em Card Ta Em Chip Ta Em Bus Ta Em Standard 118.It "Ambicom WL54CF" Ta 88W8385 Ta PCMCIA Ta b/g 119.It "I-O DATA WN-G54/CF" Ta 88W8385 Ta PCMCIA Ta b/g 120.It "Netgear WG511v2" Ta 88W8310 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 121.It "Netgear WG311v3" Ta 88W8335 Ta PCI Ta b/g 122.It "SparkLAN WCFM-100" Ta 88W8385 Ta PCMCIA Ta b/g 123.It "Tenda TWL541C" Ta 88W8310 Ta CardBus Ta b/g 124.It "Tenda TWL542P" Ta 88W8335 Ta PCI Ta b/g 125.El 126.Sh EXAMPLES 127The following example scans for available networks: 128.Pp 129.Dl # ifconfig malo0 scan 130.Pp 131The following 132.Xr hostname.if 5 133example configures malo0 to join network 134.Dq mynwid , 135using WPA key 136.Dq mywpakey , 137obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 138.Bd -literal -offset indent 139join mynwid wpakey mywpakey 140inet autoconf 141.Ed 142.Sh SEE ALSO 143.Xr arp 4 , 144.Xr cardbus 4 , 145.Xr ifmedia 4 , 146.Xr intro 4 , 147.Xr netintro 4 , 148.Xr pci 4 , 149.Xr hostname.if 5 , 150.\".Xr hostapd 8 , 151.Xr ifconfig 8 152.Sh HISTORY 153The 154.Nm 155driver first appeared in 156.Ox 4.1 . 157.Sh AUTHORS 158.An -nosplit 159The 160.Nm 161driver was written by 162.An Claudio Jeker 163and 164.An Marcus Glocker . 165.Sh CAVEATS 166WPA encryption is not supported for PCMCIA devices. 167.Pp 168This driver does not support powersave mode. 169