1.\" $OpenBSD: otus.4,v 1.35 2021/10/24 12:32:42 kn Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2009 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr> 4.\" 5.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 6.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 7.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 8.\" 9.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 10.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 11.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 12.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 13.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 14.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 15.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 16.\" 17.Dd $Mdocdate: October 24 2021 $ 18.Dt OTUS 4 19.Os 20.Sh NAME 21.Nm otus 22.Nd Atheros USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network device 23.Sh SYNOPSIS 24.Cd "otus* at uhub? port ?" 25.Sh DESCRIPTION 26The 27.Nm 28driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on Atheros 29Communications AR9001U chipset. 30.Pp 31The AR9001U chipset is made of an AR9170 MAC/Baseband 32and an AR9101 (1T2R), AR9102 (2T2R) or AR9104 (dual-band 2T2R) 33Radio. 34.Pp 35These are the modes the 36.Nm 37driver can operate in: 38.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 39.It BSS mode 40Also known as 41.Em infrastructure 42mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 43which all traffic passes. 44This mode is the default. 45.It monitor mode 46In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 47associating with an access point. 48This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 49capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 50or to scan for access points. 51.El 52.Pp 53The 54.Nm 55driver can be configured to use 56Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 57Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). 58WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. 59It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 60are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, 61due to serious weaknesses. 62WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option 63.Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . 64For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), 65keys are configured using the 66.Qq Cm wpakey 67option. 68WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. 69.Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . 70For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), 71keys are configured using the 72.Qq Cm wpakey 73option. 74WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. 75.Pp 76The 77.Nm 78driver can be configured at runtime with 79.Xr ifconfig 8 80or on boot with 81.Xr hostname.if 5 . 82.Sh FILES 83The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware files, 84which are loaded when an interface is attached: 85.Pp 86.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 87.It Pa /etc/firmware/otus-init 88.It Pa /etc/firmware/otus-main 89.El 90.Pp 91Although these firmware files are freely redistributable, their usage 92is restricted. 93A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using 94.Xr fw_update 1 . 95.Sh HARDWARE 96The following adapters should work: 97.Pp 98.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 99.It 3Com 3CRUSBN275 100.It Arcadyan WN7512 101.\" .It AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N 102.It CACE AirPcap \&Nx 103.It D-Link DWA-130 rev \&D1 104.It D-Link DWA-160 rev A1 105.It D-Link DWA-160 rev A2 106.It IO-Data WN-GDN/US2 107.It NEC Aterm WL300NU-G 108.It Netgear WNDA3100 109.It Netgear WN111 v2 110.It Planex GW-US300 111.It SMC Networks SMCWUSB-N2 112.It TP-Link TL-WN821N v1, v2 113.It Ubiquiti SR71 USB 114.It Unex DNUA-81 115.It Z-Com UB81 116.It Z-Com UB82 117.It ZyXEL NWD-271N 118.El 119.Sh EXAMPLES 120The following example scans for available networks: 121.Pp 122.Dl # ifconfig otus0 scan 123.Pp 124The following 125.Xr hostname.if 5 126example configures otus0 to join network 127.Dq mynwid , 128using WPA key 129.Dq mywpakey , 130obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 131.Bd -literal -offset indent 132join mynwid wpakey mywpakey 133inet autoconf 134.Ed 135.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 136.Bl -diag 137.It "otus0: error N, could not read firmware ..." 138For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the 139filesystem. 140The file might be missing or corrupted. 141.It "otus0: device timeout" 142A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 143The driver will reset the hardware. 144This should not happen. 145.El 146.Sh SEE ALSO 147.Xr arp 4 , 148.Xr ifmedia 4 , 149.Xr intro 4 , 150.Xr netintro 4 , 151.Xr usb 4 , 152.Xr hostname.if 5 , 153.Xr ifconfig 8 154.Sh HISTORY 155The 156.Nm 157driver first appeared in 158.Ox 4.6 . 159.Sh AUTHORS 160The 161.Nm 162driver was written by 163.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr 164based on source code licensed under the ISC released in 2008 by Atheros 165Communications for Linux. 166.Sh CAVEATS 167The AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N adapter is currently not supported. 168.Pp 169The 170.Nm 171driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the 172AR9001U chipset. 173Additional work is required in 174.Xr ieee80211 9 175before those features can be supported. 176.Pp 177This driver does not support powersave mode. 178