1.\" $OpenBSD: wpi.4,v 1.30 2011/06/09 14:21:12 deraadt Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2006, 2007 4.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following 11.\" disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.Dd $Mdocdate: June 9 2011 $ 29.Dt WPI 4 30.Os 31.Sh NAME 32.Nm wpi 33.Nd Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless network device 34.Sh SYNOPSIS 35.Cd "wpi* at pci?" 36.Sh DESCRIPTION 37The 38.Nm 39driver provides support for 40.Tn Intel 41PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Mini PCI Express network adapters. 42.Pp 43These are the modes the 44.Nm 45driver can operate in: 46.Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" 47.It BSS mode 48Also known as 49.Em infrastructure 50mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through 51which all traffic passes. 52This mode is the default. 53.It monitor mode 54In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without 55associating with an access point. 56This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to 57capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, 58or to scan for access points. 59.El 60.Pp 61The 62.Nm 63driver can be configured to use 64Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 65Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 66WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. 67It is strongly recommended that WEP 68not be used as the sole mechanism 69to secure wireless communication, 70due to serious weaknesses in it. 71The 72.Nm 73driver offloads both encryption and decryption of unicast data frames to the 74hardware for the CCMP cipher. 75.Pp 76The 77.Nm 78driver can be configured at runtime with 79.Xr ifconfig 8 80or on boot with 81.Xr hostname.if 5 . 82.Sh FILES 83The driver needs at least version 3.1 of the following firmware file, 84which is loaded when an interface is brought up: 85.Pp 86.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact 87.It Pa /etc/firmware/wpi-3945abg 88.El 89.Pp 90This firmware file is not free because Intel refuses to grant 91distribution rights without contractual obligations. 92As a result, even though 93.Ox 94includes the driver, the firmware file cannot be included and 95users have to download this file on their own. 96.Pp 97A prepackaged version of the firmware, designed to be used with 98.Xr pkg_add 1 , 99can be found at: 100.Bd -literal -offset 3n 101http://firmware.openbsd.org/firmware/wpi-firmware-3.2.tgz 102.Ed 103.Sh EXAMPLES 104The following 105.Xr hostname.if 5 106example configures wpi0 to join whatever network is available on boot, 107using WEP key 108.Dq 0x1deadbeef1 , 109channel 11, obtaining an IP address using DHCP: 110.Bd -literal -offset indent 111dhcp NONE NONE NONE nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11 112.Ed 113.Pp 114Configure wpi0 to join network 115.Dq my_net 116using WPA with passphrase 117.Dq my_passphrase : 118.Bd -literal -offset indent 119# ifconfig wpi0 nwid my_net wpakey my_passphrase 120.Ed 121.Pp 122Join an existing BSS network, 123.Dq my_net : 124.Bd -literal -offset indent 125# ifconfig wpi0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net 126.Ed 127.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 128.Bl -diag 129.It "wpi%d: device timeout" 130A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 131The driver will reset the hardware. 132This should not happen. 133.It "wpi%d: fatal firmware error" 134For some reason, the firmware crashed. 135The driver will reset the hardware. 136This should not happen. 137.It "wpi%d: Radio transmitter is off" 138The radio transmitter is off and thus no packet can go out. 139The driver will reset the hardware. 140Make sure the laptop radio switch is on. 141.It "wpi%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s" 142For some reason, the driver was unable to read the firmware image from the 143filesystem. 144The file might be missing or corrupted. 145.It "wpi%d: firmware file too short: %d bytes" 146The firmware image is corrupted and can't be loaded into the adapter. 147.It "wpi%d: could not load firmware" 148An attempt to load the firmware into the adapter failed. 149The driver will reset the hardware. 150.El 151.Sh SEE ALSO 152.Xr pkg_add 1 , 153.Xr arp 4 , 154.Xr ifmedia 4 , 155.Xr intro 4 , 156.Xr netintro 4 , 157.Xr pci 4 , 158.Xr hostname.if 5 , 159.Xr ifconfig 8 160.Sh AUTHORS 161The 162.Nm 163driver was written by 164.An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@openbsd.org . 165