1.\" $OpenBSD: intro.8,v 1.17 2010/02/18 13:39:21 schwarze Exp $ 2.\" $NetBSD: intro.8,v 1.3 1994/11/30 19:36:24 jtc Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 32.\" 33.Dd $Mdocdate: February 18 2010 $ 34.Dt INTRO 8 35.Os 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm intro 38.Nd introduction to system maintenance and operation commands 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The manual pages in section 8 contain information related to 41system operation and maintenance. 42They describe commands concerning file systems, 43such as 44.Xr edquota 8 , 45.Xr fsck 8 , 46.Xr mount 8 , 47and 48.Xr newfs 8 . 49They also cover commands concerning system backup/recovery, such as 50.Xr dump 8 51and 52.Xr restore 8 . 53.Pp 54There are pages which document the running of the system, such as 55.Xr afterboot 8 , 56.Xr ifconfig 8 , 57.Xr security 8 , 58and the configuration files located in 59.Pa /etc . 60Procedures concerning system failure are documented in 61.Xr crash 8 . 62.Pp 63Section 8 pages also describe network services and daemons. 64The rest of this page discusses some of the main daemons 65available on the 66.Ox 67system, 68and how to enable/disable them. 69.Pp 70System daemons are controlled by the script 71.Xr rc 8 , 72which is in turn configured by 73.Xr rc.conf 8 . 74For example the HTTP daemon 75.Xr httpd 8 76is controlled by the following line from 77.Xr rc.conf 8 : 78.Bd -literal -offset indent 79httpd_flags=NO 80.Ed 81.Pp 82Thus it is not started by default. 83To enable or disable daemon processes, 84administrators should edit the file 85.Xr rc.conf.local 8 , 86which overrides 87.Xr rc.conf 8 . 88So to enable 89.Xr httpd 8 , 90the following line might be added to 91.Pa /etc/rc.conf.local : 92.Bd -literal -offset indent 93httpd_flags="" 94.Ed 95or 96.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact 97httpd_flags="-DSSL" 98.Ed 99.Pp 100As can be seen above, 101this method is also used to specify additional options. 102.Pp 103Below is a list of some of the daemons available. 104For further information, see 105.Xr rc 8 106and the individual pages for the utilities. 107.Ss Apache web server (HTTP) 108The apache web server, 109.Xr httpd 8 . 110On 111.Ox , 112it will 113.Xr chroot 2 114to the 115.Dq ServerRoot 116path. 117Detailed information is available in 118.Pa /usr/share/doc/html/httpd/ . 119.Pp 120Relevant 121.Xr rc.conf 8 122variables: 123.Va httpd_flags . 124.Ss Automounter daemon (amd) 125If using the 126.Xr amd 8 127package, 128go into the 129.Pa /etc/amd 130directory and set it up by 131renaming 132.Pa master.sample 133to 134.Pa master 135and editing it and creating other maps as needed. 136Alternatively, you can get your maps with YP. 137.Pp 138Relevant 139.Xr rc.conf 8 140variables: 141.Va amd , 142.Va amd_dir , 143and 144.Va amd_master . 145.Ss BIND name server (DNS) 146If you are using the BIND name server, check the 147.Pa /etc/resolv.conf 148file. 149It may look something like: 150.Bd -literal -offset indent 151domain nts.umn.edu 152nameserver 128.101.101.101 153nameserver 134.84.84.84 154search nts.umn.edu. umn.edu. 155lookup file bind 156.Ed 157.Pp 158If using a caching name server, add the line "nameserver 127.0.0.1" first. 159.Pp 160Relevant 161.Xr rc.conf 8 162variables: 163.Va named_flags . 164.Ss Clock synchronisation 165In order to make sure the system clock is correct, 166it may be synchronised with a number of external sources. 167The utilities available are: 168.Xr ntpd 8 , 169.Xr rdate 8 , 170and 171.Xr timed 8 . 172.Pp 173Relevant 174.Xr rc.conf 8 175variables: 176.Va ntpd_flags , 177.Va rdate_flags , 178and 179.Va timed_flags . 180.Ss Concatenated disks (ccd) 181If you are using 182.Xr ccd 4 183concatenated disks, edit 184.Pa /etc/ccd.conf . 185Use the 186.Ic ccdconfig -U 187command to unload and the 188.Ic ccdconfig -C 189command to create tables internal to the kernel for the concatenated disks. 190You then 191.Xr mount 8 , 192.Xr umount 8 , 193and edit 194.Pa /etc/fstab 195as needed. 196.Ss BOOTP/DHCP server 197If this is a 198BOOTP or DHCP 199server, edit 200.Pa /etc/dhcpd.conf 201as needed. 202See also 203.Xr diskless 8 . 204.Pp 205Relevant 206.Xr rc.conf 8 207variables: 208.Va bootparamd_flags , 209.Va dhcpd_flags , 210and 211.Va dhcrelay_flags . 212.Ss HP remote boot server 213Edit 214.Pa /etc/rbootd.conf 215if needed for remote booting. 216If you do not have HP computers doing remote booting, do not enable this. 217See also 218.Xr diskless 8 . 219.Pp 220Relevant 221.Xr rc.conf 8 222variables: 223.Va rbootd_flags . 224.Ss Kerberos 225If you are going to use 226.Xr kerberos 8 227for authentication, and you already have a 228Kerberos 229master, change directory to 230.Pa /etc/kerberosV 231and configure. 232Remember to get a 233.Pa srvtab 234from the master so that the remote commands work. 235.Pp 236Relevant 237.Xr rc.conf 8 238variables: 239.Va krb5_master_kdc 240and 241.Va krb5_slave_kdc . 242.Ss NFS server 243If this is an NFS server, 244edit 245.Pa /etc/exports . 246.Pp 247Relevant 248.Xr rc.conf 8 249variables: 250.Va nfs_server 251and 252.Va nfsd_flags . 253.Ss Relay Daemon 254A relay daemon, 255.Xr relayd 8 , 256able to run as a 257load-balancer, application layer gateway, or transparent proxy. 258.Pp 259Relevant 260.Xr rc.conf 8 261variables: 262.Va relayd_flags . 263.Ss Routing Daemons 264Various daemons for managing routing tables are available: 265.Xr bgpd 8 , 266.Xr ospfd 8 , 267and 268.Xr ripd 8 . 269.Pp 270Relevant 271.Xr rc.conf 8 272variables: 273.Va bgpd_flags , 274.Va ospfd_flags , 275and 276.Va ripd_flags . 277.Ss RPC-based network services 278Several services depend on the RPC portmapper, 279.Xr portmap 8 , 280being running for proper operation. 281This includes YP and NFS exports, among other services. 282.Pp 283Relevant 284.Xr rc.conf 8 285variables: 286.Va portmap . 287.Ss YP setup 288Check the YP domain name with the 289.Xr domainname 1 290command. 291If necessary, correct it by editing the 292.Pa /etc/defaultdomain 293file (see 294.Xr defaultdomain 5 ) . 295The 296.Pa /etc/netstart 297script reads this file on boot to determine and set the domain name. 298You may also set the running system's domain name with the 299.Xr domainname 1 300command. 301To start YP client services, simply run 302.Ic ypbind , 303then perform the remaining 304YP activation as described in 305.Xr passwd 5 306and 307.Xr group 5 . 308.Pp 309In particular, to enable YP passwd support, you'll need to add the following 310line to 311.Pa /etc/master.passwd : 312.Pp 313.Dl +:*:::::::: 314.Pp 315You do this by using 316.Xr vipw 8 . 317.Pp 318There are many more YP man pages available to help you. 319You can find more information by starting with 320.Xr yp 8 . 321.Sh SEE ALSO 322.Xr afterboot 8 , 323.Xr rc 8 , 324.Xr rc.conf 8 325.Sh HISTORY 326The 327.Nm intro 328section manual page appeared in 329.Bx 4.2 . 330