xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/lex/tblcmp.c (revision 78b63d65)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: tblcmp.c,v 1.5 2001/11/19 19:02:14 mpech Exp $	*/
2 
3 /* tblcmp - table compression routines */
4 
5 /*-
6  * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
10  * Vern Paxson.
11  *
12  * The United States Government has rights in this work pursuant
13  * to contract no. DE-AC03-76SF00098 between the United States
14  * Department of Energy and the University of California.
15  *
16  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source distributions
18  * retain this entire copyright notice and comment, and (2) distributions
19  * including binaries display the following acknowledgement:  ``This product
20  * includes software developed by the University of California, Berkeley
21  * and its contributors'' in the documentation or other materials provided
22  * with the distribution and in all advertising materials mentioning
23  * features or use of this software. Neither the name of the University nor
24  * the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
25  * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
27  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
28  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
29  */
30 
31 /* $Header: /home/cvs/src/usr.bin/lex/tblcmp.c,v 1.5 2001/11/19 19:02:14 mpech Exp $ */
32 
33 #include "flexdef.h"
34 
35 
36 /* declarations for functions that have forward references */
37 
38 void mkentry PROTO((int*, int, int, int, int));
39 void mkprot PROTO((int[], int, int));
40 void mktemplate PROTO((int[], int, int));
41 void mv2front PROTO((int));
42 int tbldiff PROTO((int[], int, int[]));
43 
44 
45 /* bldtbl - build table entries for dfa state
46  *
47  * synopsis
48  *   int state[numecs], statenum, totaltrans, comstate, comfreq;
49  *   bldtbl( state, statenum, totaltrans, comstate, comfreq );
50  *
51  * State is the statenum'th dfa state.  It is indexed by equivalence class and
52  * gives the number of the state to enter for a given equivalence class.
53  * totaltrans is the total number of transitions out of the state.  Comstate
54  * is that state which is the destination of the most transitions out of State.
55  * Comfreq is how many transitions there are out of State to Comstate.
56  *
57  * A note on terminology:
58  *    "protos" are transition tables which have a high probability of
59  * either being redundant (a state processed later will have an identical
60  * transition table) or nearly redundant (a state processed later will have
61  * many of the same out-transitions).  A "most recently used" queue of
62  * protos is kept around with the hope that most states will find a proto
63  * which is similar enough to be usable, and therefore compacting the
64  * output tables.
65  *    "templates" are a special type of proto.  If a transition table is
66  * homogeneous or nearly homogeneous (all transitions go to the same
67  * destination) then the odds are good that future states will also go
68  * to the same destination state on basically the same character set.
69  * These homogeneous states are so common when dealing with large rule
70  * sets that they merit special attention.  If the transition table were
71  * simply made into a proto, then (typically) each subsequent, similar
72  * state will differ from the proto for two out-transitions.  One of these
73  * out-transitions will be that character on which the proto does not go
74  * to the common destination, and one will be that character on which the
75  * state does not go to the common destination.  Templates, on the other
76  * hand, go to the common state on EVERY transition character, and therefore
77  * cost only one difference.
78  */
79 
80 void bldtbl( state, statenum, totaltrans, comstate, comfreq )
81 int state[], statenum, totaltrans, comstate, comfreq;
82 	{
83 	int extptr, extrct[2][CSIZE + 1];
84 	int mindiff, minprot, i, d;
85 
86 	/* If extptr is 0 then the first array of extrct holds the result
87 	 * of the "best difference" to date, which is those transitions
88 	 * which occur in "state" but not in the proto which, to date,
89 	 * has the fewest differences between itself and "state".  If
90 	 * extptr is 1 then the second array of extrct hold the best
91 	 * difference.  The two arrays are toggled between so that the
92 	 * best difference to date can be kept around and also a difference
93 	 * just created by checking against a candidate "best" proto.
94 	 */
95 
96 	extptr = 0;
97 
98 	/* If the state has too few out-transitions, don't bother trying to
99 	 * compact its tables.
100 	 */
101 
102 	if ( (totaltrans * 100) < (numecs * PROTO_SIZE_PERCENTAGE) )
103 		mkentry( state, numecs, statenum, JAMSTATE, totaltrans );
104 
105 	else
106 		{
107 		/* "checkcom" is true if we should only check "state" against
108 		 * protos which have the same "comstate" value.
109 		 */
110 		int checkcom =
111 			comfreq * 100 > totaltrans * CHECK_COM_PERCENTAGE;
112 
113 		minprot = firstprot;
114 		mindiff = totaltrans;
115 
116 		if ( checkcom )
117 			{
118 			/* Find first proto which has the same "comstate". */
119 			for ( i = firstprot; i != NIL; i = protnext[i] )
120 				if ( protcomst[i] == comstate )
121 					{
122 					minprot = i;
123 					mindiff = tbldiff( state, minprot,
124 							extrct[extptr] );
125 					break;
126 					}
127 			}
128 
129 		else
130 			{
131 			/* Since we've decided that the most common destination
132 			 * out of "state" does not occur with a high enough
133 			 * frequency, we set the "comstate" to zero, assuring
134 			 * that if this state is entered into the proto list,
135 			 * it will not be considered a template.
136 			 */
137 			comstate = 0;
138 
139 			if ( firstprot != NIL )
140 				{
141 				minprot = firstprot;
142 				mindiff = tbldiff( state, minprot,
143 						extrct[extptr] );
144 				}
145 			}
146 
147 		/* We now have the first interesting proto in "minprot".  If
148 		 * it matches within the tolerances set for the first proto,
149 		 * we don't want to bother scanning the rest of the proto list
150 		 * to see if we have any other reasonable matches.
151 		 */
152 
153 		if ( mindiff * 100 > totaltrans * FIRST_MATCH_DIFF_PERCENTAGE )
154 			{
155 			/* Not a good enough match.  Scan the rest of the
156 			 * protos.
157 			 */
158 			for ( i = minprot; i != NIL; i = protnext[i] )
159 				{
160 				d = tbldiff( state, i, extrct[1 - extptr] );
161 				if ( d < mindiff )
162 					{
163 					extptr = 1 - extptr;
164 					mindiff = d;
165 					minprot = i;
166 					}
167 				}
168 			}
169 
170 		/* Check if the proto we've decided on as our best bet is close
171 		 * enough to the state we want to match to be usable.
172 		 */
173 
174 		if ( mindiff * 100 > totaltrans * ACCEPTABLE_DIFF_PERCENTAGE )
175 			{
176 			/* No good.  If the state is homogeneous enough,
177 			 * we make a template out of it.  Otherwise, we
178 			 * make a proto.
179 			 */
180 
181 			if ( comfreq * 100 >=
182 			     totaltrans * TEMPLATE_SAME_PERCENTAGE )
183 				mktemplate( state, statenum, comstate );
184 
185 			else
186 				{
187 				mkprot( state, statenum, comstate );
188 				mkentry( state, numecs, statenum,
189 					JAMSTATE, totaltrans );
190 				}
191 			}
192 
193 		else
194 			{ /* use the proto */
195 			mkentry( extrct[extptr], numecs, statenum,
196 				prottbl[minprot], mindiff );
197 
198 			/* If this state was sufficiently different from the
199 			 * proto we built it from, make it, too, a proto.
200 			 */
201 
202 			if ( mindiff * 100 >=
203 			     totaltrans * NEW_PROTO_DIFF_PERCENTAGE )
204 				mkprot( state, statenum, comstate );
205 
206 			/* Since mkprot added a new proto to the proto queue,
207 			 * it's possible that "minprot" is no longer on the
208 			 * proto queue (if it happened to have been the last
209 			 * entry, it would have been bumped off).  If it's
210 			 * not there, then the new proto took its physical
211 			 * place (though logically the new proto is at the
212 			 * beginning of the queue), so in that case the
213 			 * following call will do nothing.
214 			 */
215 
216 			mv2front( minprot );
217 			}
218 		}
219 	}
220 
221 
222 /* cmptmps - compress template table entries
223  *
224  * Template tables are compressed by using the 'template equivalence
225  * classes', which are collections of transition character equivalence
226  * classes which always appear together in templates - really meta-equivalence
227  * classes.
228  */
229 
230 void cmptmps()
231 	{
232 	int tmpstorage[CSIZE + 1];
233 	int *tmp = tmpstorage, i, j;
234 	int totaltrans, trans;
235 
236 	peakpairs = numtemps * numecs + tblend;
237 
238 	if ( usemecs )
239 		{
240 		/* Create equivalence classes based on data gathered on
241 		 * template transitions.
242 		 */
243 		nummecs = cre8ecs( tecfwd, tecbck, numecs );
244 		}
245 
246 	else
247 		nummecs = numecs;
248 
249 	while ( lastdfa + numtemps + 1 >= current_max_dfas )
250 		increase_max_dfas();
251 
252 	/* Loop through each template. */
253 
254 	for ( i = 1; i <= numtemps; ++i )
255 		{
256 		/* Number of non-jam transitions out of this template. */
257 		totaltrans = 0;
258 
259 		for ( j = 1; j <= numecs; ++j )
260 			{
261 			trans = tnxt[numecs * i + j];
262 
263 			if ( usemecs )
264 				{
265 				/* The absolute value of tecbck is the
266 				 * meta-equivalence class of a given
267 				 * equivalence class, as set up by cre8ecs().
268 				 */
269 				if ( tecbck[j] > 0 )
270 					{
271 					tmp[tecbck[j]] = trans;
272 
273 					if ( trans > 0 )
274 						++totaltrans;
275 					}
276 				}
277 
278 			else
279 				{
280 				tmp[j] = trans;
281 
282 				if ( trans > 0 )
283 					++totaltrans;
284 				}
285 			}
286 
287 		/* It is assumed (in a rather subtle way) in the skeleton
288 		 * that if we're using meta-equivalence classes, the def[]
289 		 * entry for all templates is the jam template, i.e.,
290 		 * templates never default to other non-jam table entries
291 		 * (e.g., another template)
292 		 */
293 
294 		/* Leave room for the jam-state after the last real state. */
295 		mkentry( tmp, nummecs, lastdfa + i + 1, JAMSTATE, totaltrans );
296 		}
297 	}
298 
299 
300 
301 /* expand_nxt_chk - expand the next check arrays */
302 
303 void expand_nxt_chk()
304 	{
305 	int old_max = current_max_xpairs;
306 
307 	current_max_xpairs += MAX_XPAIRS_INCREMENT;
308 
309 	++num_reallocs;
310 
311 	nxt = reallocate_integer_array( nxt, current_max_xpairs );
312 	chk = reallocate_integer_array( chk, current_max_xpairs );
313 
314 	zero_out( (char *) (chk + old_max),
315 		(size_t) (MAX_XPAIRS_INCREMENT * sizeof( int )) );
316 	}
317 
318 
319 /* find_table_space - finds a space in the table for a state to be placed
320  *
321  * synopsis
322  *     int *state, numtrans, block_start;
323  *     int find_table_space();
324  *
325  *     block_start = find_table_space( state, numtrans );
326  *
327  * State is the state to be added to the full speed transition table.
328  * Numtrans is the number of out-transitions for the state.
329  *
330  * find_table_space() returns the position of the start of the first block (in
331  * chk) able to accommodate the state
332  *
333  * In determining if a state will or will not fit, find_table_space() must take
334  * into account the fact that an end-of-buffer state will be added at [0],
335  * and an action number will be added in [-1].
336  */
337 
338 int find_table_space( state, numtrans )
339 int *state, numtrans;
340 	{
341 	/* Firstfree is the position of the first possible occurrence of two
342 	 * consecutive unused records in the chk and nxt arrays.
343 	 */
344 	int i;
345 	int *state_ptr, *chk_ptr;
346 	int *ptr_to_last_entry_in_state;
347 
348 	/* If there are too many out-transitions, put the state at the end of
349 	 * nxt and chk.
350 	 */
351 	if ( numtrans > MAX_XTIONS_FULL_INTERIOR_FIT )
352 		{
353 		/* If table is empty, return the first available spot in
354 		 * chk/nxt, which should be 1.
355 		 */
356 		if ( tblend < 2 )
357 			return 1;
358 
359 		/* Start searching for table space near the end of
360 		 * chk/nxt arrays.
361 		 */
362 		i = tblend - numecs;
363 		}
364 
365 	else
366 		/* Start searching for table space from the beginning
367 		 * (skipping only the elements which will definitely not
368 		 * hold the new state).
369 		 */
370 		i = firstfree;
371 
372 	while ( 1 )	/* loops until a space is found */
373 		{
374 		while ( i + numecs >= current_max_xpairs )
375 			expand_nxt_chk();
376 
377 		/* Loops until space for end-of-buffer and action number
378 		 * are found.
379 		 */
380 		while ( 1 )
381 			{
382 			/* Check for action number space. */
383 			if ( chk[i - 1] == 0 )
384 				{
385 				/* Check for end-of-buffer space. */
386 				if ( chk[i] == 0 )
387 					break;
388 
389 				else
390 					/* Since i != 0, there is no use
391 					 * checking to see if (++i) - 1 == 0,
392 					 * because that's the same as i == 0,
393 					 * so we skip a space.
394 					 */
395 					i += 2;
396 				}
397 
398 			else
399 				++i;
400 
401 			while ( i + numecs >= current_max_xpairs )
402 				expand_nxt_chk();
403 			}
404 
405 		/* If we started search from the beginning, store the new
406 		 * firstfree for the next call of find_table_space().
407 		 */
408 		if ( numtrans <= MAX_XTIONS_FULL_INTERIOR_FIT )
409 			firstfree = i + 1;
410 
411 		/* Check to see if all elements in chk (and therefore nxt)
412 		 * that are needed for the new state have not yet been taken.
413 		 */
414 
415 		state_ptr = &state[1];
416 		ptr_to_last_entry_in_state = &chk[i + numecs + 1];
417 
418 		for ( chk_ptr = &chk[i + 1];
419 		      chk_ptr != ptr_to_last_entry_in_state; ++chk_ptr )
420 			if ( *(state_ptr++) != 0 && *chk_ptr != 0 )
421 				break;
422 
423 		if ( chk_ptr == ptr_to_last_entry_in_state )
424 			return i;
425 
426 		else
427 		++i;
428 		}
429 	}
430 
431 
432 /* inittbl - initialize transition tables
433  *
434  * Initializes "firstfree" to be one beyond the end of the table.  Initializes
435  * all "chk" entries to be zero.
436  */
437 void inittbl()
438 	{
439 	int i;
440 
441 	zero_out( (char *) chk, (size_t) (current_max_xpairs * sizeof( int )) );
442 
443 	tblend = 0;
444 	firstfree = tblend + 1;
445 	numtemps = 0;
446 
447 	if ( usemecs )
448 		{
449 		/* Set up doubly-linked meta-equivalence classes; these
450 		 * are sets of equivalence classes which all have identical
451 		 * transitions out of TEMPLATES.
452 		 */
453 
454 		tecbck[1] = NIL;
455 
456 		for ( i = 2; i <= numecs; ++i )
457 			{
458 			tecbck[i] = i - 1;
459 			tecfwd[i - 1] = i;
460 			}
461 
462 		tecfwd[numecs] = NIL;
463 		}
464 	}
465 
466 
467 /* mkdeftbl - make the default, "jam" table entries */
468 
469 void mkdeftbl()
470 	{
471 	int i;
472 
473 	jamstate = lastdfa + 1;
474 
475 	++tblend; /* room for transition on end-of-buffer character */
476 
477 	while ( tblend + numecs >= current_max_xpairs )
478 		expand_nxt_chk();
479 
480 	/* Add in default end-of-buffer transition. */
481 	nxt[tblend] = end_of_buffer_state;
482 	chk[tblend] = jamstate;
483 
484 	for ( i = 1; i <= numecs; ++i )
485 		{
486 		nxt[tblend + i] = 0;
487 		chk[tblend + i] = jamstate;
488 		}
489 
490 	jambase = tblend;
491 
492 	base[jamstate] = jambase;
493 	def[jamstate] = 0;
494 
495 	tblend += numecs;
496 	++numtemps;
497 	}
498 
499 
500 /* mkentry - create base/def and nxt/chk entries for transition array
501  *
502  * synopsis
503  *   int state[numchars + 1], numchars, statenum, deflink, totaltrans;
504  *   mkentry( state, numchars, statenum, deflink, totaltrans );
505  *
506  * "state" is a transition array "numchars" characters in size, "statenum"
507  * is the offset to be used into the base/def tables, and "deflink" is the
508  * entry to put in the "def" table entry.  If "deflink" is equal to
509  * "JAMSTATE", then no attempt will be made to fit zero entries of "state"
510  * (i.e., jam entries) into the table.  It is assumed that by linking to
511  * "JAMSTATE" they will be taken care of.  In any case, entries in "state"
512  * marking transitions to "SAME_TRANS" are treated as though they will be
513  * taken care of by whereever "deflink" points.  "totaltrans" is the total
514  * number of transitions out of the state.  If it is below a certain threshold,
515  * the tables are searched for an interior spot that will accommodate the
516  * state array.
517  */
518 
519 void mkentry( state, numchars, statenum, deflink, totaltrans )
520 int *state;
521 int numchars, statenum, deflink, totaltrans;
522 	{
523 	int minec, maxec, i, baseaddr;
524 	int tblbase, tbllast;
525 
526 	if ( totaltrans == 0 )
527 		{ /* there are no out-transitions */
528 		if ( deflink == JAMSTATE )
529 			base[statenum] = JAMSTATE;
530 		else
531 			base[statenum] = 0;
532 
533 		def[statenum] = deflink;
534 		return;
535 		}
536 
537 	for ( minec = 1; minec <= numchars; ++minec )
538 		{
539 		if ( state[minec] != SAME_TRANS )
540 			if ( state[minec] != 0 || deflink != JAMSTATE )
541 				break;
542 		}
543 
544 	if ( totaltrans == 1 )
545 		{
546 		/* There's only one out-transition.  Save it for later to fill
547 		 * in holes in the tables.
548 		 */
549 		stack1( statenum, minec, state[minec], deflink );
550 		return;
551 		}
552 
553 	for ( maxec = numchars; maxec > 0; --maxec )
554 		{
555 		if ( state[maxec] != SAME_TRANS )
556 			if ( state[maxec] != 0 || deflink != JAMSTATE )
557 				break;
558 		}
559 
560 	/* Whether we try to fit the state table in the middle of the table
561 	 * entries we have already generated, or if we just take the state
562 	 * table at the end of the nxt/chk tables, we must make sure that we
563 	 * have a valid base address (i.e., non-negative).  Note that
564 	 * negative base addresses dangerous at run-time (because indexing
565 	 * the nxt array with one and a low-valued character will access
566 	 * memory before the start of the array.
567 	 */
568 
569 	/* Find the first transition of state that we need to worry about. */
570 	if ( totaltrans * 100 <= numchars * INTERIOR_FIT_PERCENTAGE )
571 		{
572 		/* Attempt to squeeze it into the middle of the tables. */
573 		baseaddr = firstfree;
574 
575 		while ( baseaddr < minec )
576 			{
577 			/* Using baseaddr would result in a negative base
578 			 * address below; find the next free slot.
579 			 */
580 			for ( ++baseaddr; chk[baseaddr] != 0; ++baseaddr )
581 				;
582 			}
583 
584 		while ( baseaddr + maxec - minec + 1 >= current_max_xpairs )
585 			expand_nxt_chk();
586 
587 		for ( i = minec; i <= maxec; ++i )
588 			if ( state[i] != SAME_TRANS &&
589 			     (state[i] != 0 || deflink != JAMSTATE) &&
590 			     chk[baseaddr + i - minec] != 0 )
591 				{ /* baseaddr unsuitable - find another */
592 				for ( ++baseaddr;
593 				      baseaddr < current_max_xpairs &&
594 				      chk[baseaddr] != 0; ++baseaddr )
595 					;
596 
597 				while ( baseaddr + maxec - minec + 1 >=
598 					current_max_xpairs )
599 					expand_nxt_chk();
600 
601 				/* Reset the loop counter so we'll start all
602 				 * over again next time it's incremented.
603 				 */
604 
605 				i = minec - 1;
606 				}
607 		}
608 
609 	else
610 		{
611 		/* Ensure that the base address we eventually generate is
612 		 * non-negative.
613 		 */
614 		baseaddr = MAX( tblend + 1, minec );
615 		}
616 
617 	tblbase = baseaddr - minec;
618 	tbllast = tblbase + maxec;
619 
620 	while ( tbllast + 1 >= current_max_xpairs )
621 		expand_nxt_chk();
622 
623 	base[statenum] = tblbase;
624 	def[statenum] = deflink;
625 
626 	for ( i = minec; i <= maxec; ++i )
627 		if ( state[i] != SAME_TRANS )
628 			if ( state[i] != 0 || deflink != JAMSTATE )
629 				{
630 				nxt[tblbase + i] = state[i];
631 				chk[tblbase + i] = statenum;
632 				}
633 
634 	if ( baseaddr == firstfree )
635 		/* Find next free slot in tables. */
636 		for ( ++firstfree; chk[firstfree] != 0; ++firstfree )
637 			;
638 
639 	tblend = MAX( tblend, tbllast );
640 	}
641 
642 
643 /* mk1tbl - create table entries for a state (or state fragment) which
644  *            has only one out-transition
645  */
646 
647 void mk1tbl( state, sym, onenxt, onedef )
648 int state, sym, onenxt, onedef;
649 	{
650 	if ( firstfree < sym )
651 		firstfree = sym;
652 
653 	while ( chk[firstfree] != 0 )
654 		if ( ++firstfree >= current_max_xpairs )
655 			expand_nxt_chk();
656 
657 	base[state] = firstfree - sym;
658 	def[state] = onedef;
659 	chk[firstfree] = state;
660 	nxt[firstfree] = onenxt;
661 
662 	if ( firstfree > tblend )
663 		{
664 		tblend = firstfree++;
665 
666 		if ( firstfree >= current_max_xpairs )
667 			expand_nxt_chk();
668 		}
669 	}
670 
671 
672 /* mkprot - create new proto entry */
673 
674 void mkprot( state, statenum, comstate )
675 int state[], statenum, comstate;
676 	{
677 	int i, slot, tblbase;
678 
679 	if ( ++numprots >= MSP || numecs * numprots >= PROT_SAVE_SIZE )
680 		{
681 		/* Gotta make room for the new proto by dropping last entry in
682 		 * the queue.
683 		 */
684 		slot = lastprot;
685 		lastprot = protprev[lastprot];
686 		protnext[lastprot] = NIL;
687 		}
688 
689 	else
690 		slot = numprots;
691 
692 	protnext[slot] = firstprot;
693 
694 	if ( firstprot != NIL )
695 		protprev[firstprot] = slot;
696 
697 	firstprot = slot;
698 	prottbl[slot] = statenum;
699 	protcomst[slot] = comstate;
700 
701 	/* Copy state into save area so it can be compared with rapidly. */
702 	tblbase = numecs * (slot - 1);
703 
704 	for ( i = 1; i <= numecs; ++i )
705 		protsave[tblbase + i] = state[i];
706 	}
707 
708 
709 /* mktemplate - create a template entry based on a state, and connect the state
710  *              to it
711  */
712 
713 void mktemplate( state, statenum, comstate )
714 int state[], statenum, comstate;
715 	{
716 	int i, numdiff, tmpbase, tmp[CSIZE + 1];
717 	Char transset[CSIZE + 1];
718 	int tsptr;
719 
720 	++numtemps;
721 
722 	tsptr = 0;
723 
724 	/* Calculate where we will temporarily store the transition table
725 	 * of the template in the tnxt[] array.  The final transition table
726 	 * gets created by cmptmps().
727 	 */
728 
729 	tmpbase = numtemps * numecs;
730 
731 	if ( tmpbase + numecs >= current_max_template_xpairs )
732 		{
733 		current_max_template_xpairs += MAX_TEMPLATE_XPAIRS_INCREMENT;
734 
735 		++num_reallocs;
736 
737 		tnxt = reallocate_integer_array( tnxt,
738 			current_max_template_xpairs );
739 		}
740 
741 	for ( i = 1; i <= numecs; ++i )
742 		if ( state[i] == 0 )
743 			tnxt[tmpbase + i] = 0;
744 		else
745 			{
746 			transset[tsptr++] = i;
747 			tnxt[tmpbase + i] = comstate;
748 			}
749 
750 	if ( usemecs )
751 		mkeccl( transset, tsptr, tecfwd, tecbck, numecs, 0 );
752 
753 	mkprot( tnxt + tmpbase, -numtemps, comstate );
754 
755 	/* We rely on the fact that mkprot adds things to the beginning
756 	 * of the proto queue.
757 	 */
758 
759 	numdiff = tbldiff( state, firstprot, tmp );
760 	mkentry( tmp, numecs, statenum, -numtemps, numdiff );
761 	}
762 
763 
764 /* mv2front - move proto queue element to front of queue */
765 
766 void mv2front( qelm )
767 int qelm;
768 	{
769 	if ( firstprot != qelm )
770 		{
771 		if ( qelm == lastprot )
772 			lastprot = protprev[lastprot];
773 
774 		protnext[protprev[qelm]] = protnext[qelm];
775 
776 		if ( protnext[qelm] != NIL )
777 			protprev[protnext[qelm]] = protprev[qelm];
778 
779 		protprev[qelm] = NIL;
780 		protnext[qelm] = firstprot;
781 		protprev[firstprot] = qelm;
782 		firstprot = qelm;
783 		}
784 	}
785 
786 
787 /* place_state - place a state into full speed transition table
788  *
789  * State is the statenum'th state.  It is indexed by equivalence class and
790  * gives the number of the state to enter for a given equivalence class.
791  * Transnum is the number of out-transitions for the state.
792  */
793 
794 void place_state( state, statenum, transnum )
795 int *state, statenum, transnum;
796 	{
797 	int i;
798 	int *state_ptr;
799 	int position = find_table_space( state, transnum );
800 
801 	/* "base" is the table of start positions. */
802 	base[statenum] = position;
803 
804 	/* Put in action number marker; this non-zero number makes sure that
805 	 * find_table_space() knows that this position in chk/nxt is taken
806 	 * and should not be used for another accepting number in another
807 	 * state.
808 	 */
809 	chk[position - 1] = 1;
810 
811 	/* Put in end-of-buffer marker; this is for the same purposes as
812 	 * above.
813 	 */
814 	chk[position] = 1;
815 
816 	/* Place the state into chk and nxt. */
817 	state_ptr = &state[1];
818 
819 	for ( i = 1; i <= numecs; ++i, ++state_ptr )
820 		if ( *state_ptr != 0 )
821 			{
822 			chk[position + i] = i;
823 			nxt[position + i] = *state_ptr;
824 			}
825 
826 	if ( position + numecs > tblend )
827 		tblend = position + numecs;
828 	}
829 
830 
831 /* stack1 - save states with only one out-transition to be processed later
832  *
833  * If there's room for another state on the "one-transition" stack, the
834  * state is pushed onto it, to be processed later by mk1tbl.  If there's
835  * no room, we process the sucker right now.
836  */
837 
838 void stack1( statenum, sym, nextstate, deflink )
839 int statenum, sym, nextstate, deflink;
840 	{
841 	if ( onesp >= ONE_STACK_SIZE - 1 )
842 		mk1tbl( statenum, sym, nextstate, deflink );
843 
844 	else
845 		{
846 		++onesp;
847 		onestate[onesp] = statenum;
848 		onesym[onesp] = sym;
849 		onenext[onesp] = nextstate;
850 		onedef[onesp] = deflink;
851 		}
852 	}
853 
854 
855 /* tbldiff - compute differences between two state tables
856  *
857  * "state" is the state array which is to be extracted from the pr'th
858  * proto.  "pr" is both the number of the proto we are extracting from
859  * and an index into the save area where we can find the proto's complete
860  * state table.  Each entry in "state" which differs from the corresponding
861  * entry of "pr" will appear in "ext".
862  *
863  * Entries which are the same in both "state" and "pr" will be marked
864  * as transitions to "SAME_TRANS" in "ext".  The total number of differences
865  * between "state" and "pr" is returned as function value.  Note that this
866  * number is "numecs" minus the number of "SAME_TRANS" entries in "ext".
867  */
868 
869 int tbldiff( state, pr, ext )
870 int state[], pr, ext[];
871 	{
872 	int i, *sp = state, *ep = ext, *protp;
873 	int numdiff = 0;
874 
875 	protp = &protsave[numecs * (pr - 1)];
876 
877 	for ( i = numecs; i > 0; --i )
878 		{
879 		if ( *++protp == *++sp )
880 			*++ep = SAME_TRANS;
881 		else
882 			{
883 			*++ep = *sp;
884 			++numdiff;
885 			}
886 		}
887 
888 	return numdiff;
889 	}
890