xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/look/look.c (revision 78b63d65)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: look.c,v 1.6 2001/11/19 19:02:15 mpech Exp $	*/
2 /*	$NetBSD: look.c,v 1.7 1995/08/31 22:41:02 jtc Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*-
5  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems, Inc.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
22  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25  *    without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 static char copyright[] =
42 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
43 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #ifndef lint
47 #if 0
48 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)look.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
49 #endif
50 static char rcsid[] = "$OpenBSD: look.c,v 1.6 2001/11/19 19:02:15 mpech Exp $";
51 #endif /* not lint */
52 
53 /*
54  * look -- find lines in a sorted list.
55  *
56  * The man page said that TABs and SPACEs participate in -d comparisons.
57  * In fact, they were ignored.  This implements historic practice, not
58  * the manual page.
59  */
60 
61 #include <sys/types.h>
62 #include <sys/mman.h>
63 #include <sys/stat.h>
64 
65 #include <ctype.h>
66 #include <errno.h>
67 #include <fcntl.h>
68 #include <limits.h>
69 #include <stdio.h>
70 #include <stdlib.h>
71 #include <string.h>
72 #include <unistd.h>
73 #include <err.h>
74 
75 #include "pathnames.h"
76 
77 /*
78  * FOLD and DICT convert characters to a normal form for comparison,
79  * according to the user specified flags.
80  *
81  * DICT expects integers because it uses a non-character value to
82  * indicate a character which should not participate in comparisons.
83  */
84 #define	EQUAL		0
85 #define	GREATER		1
86 #define	LESS		(-1)
87 #define NO_COMPARE	(-2)
88 
89 #define	FOLD(c)	(isascii(c) && isupper(c) ? tolower(c) : (c))
90 #define	DICT(c)	(isascii(c) && isalnum(c) ? (c) : NO_COMPARE)
91 
92 int dflag, fflag;
93 
94 char	*binary_search __P((char *, char *, char *));
95 int	 compare __P((char *, char *, char *));
96 char	*linear_search __P((char *, char *, char *));
97 int	 look __P((char *, char *, char *));
98 void	 print_from __P((char *, char *, char *));
99 void	 usage __P((void));
100 
101 int
102 main(argc, argv)
103 	int argc;
104 	char *argv[];
105 {
106 	struct stat sb;
107 	int ch, fd, termchar;
108 	char *back, *file, *front, *string, *p;
109 
110 	file = _PATH_WORDS;
111 	termchar = '\0';
112 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "dft:")) != -1)
113 		switch(ch) {
114 		case 'd':
115 			dflag = 1;
116 			break;
117 		case 'f':
118 			fflag = 1;
119 			break;
120 		case 't':
121 			termchar = *optarg;
122 			break;
123 		case '?':
124 		default:
125 			usage();
126 		}
127 	argc -= optind;
128 	argv += optind;
129 
130 	switch (argc) {
131 	case 2:				/* Don't set -df for user. */
132 		string = *argv++;
133 		file = *argv;
134 		break;
135 	case 1:				/* But set -df by default. */
136 		dflag = fflag = 1;
137 		string = *argv;
138 		break;
139 	default:
140 		usage();
141 	}
142 
143 	if (termchar != '\0' && (p = strchr(string, termchar)) != NULL)
144 		*++p = '\0';
145 
146 	if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0 || fstat(fd, &sb))
147 		err(2, "%s", file);
148 	if (sb.st_size > SIZE_T_MAX)
149 		err(2, "%s: %s", file, strerror(EFBIG));
150 	if ((front = mmap(NULL,
151 	    (size_t)sb.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED)
152 		err(2, "%s", file);
153 	back = front + sb.st_size;
154 	exit(look(string, front, back));
155 }
156 
157 int
158 look(string, front, back)
159 	char *string, *front, *back;
160 {
161 	int ch;
162 	char *readp, *writep;
163 
164 	/* Reformat string string to avoid doing it multiple times later. */
165 	for (readp = writep = string; ch = *readp++;) {
166 		if (fflag)
167 			ch = FOLD(ch);
168 		if (dflag)
169 			ch = DICT(ch);
170 		if (ch != NO_COMPARE)
171 			*(writep++) = ch;
172 	}
173 	*writep = '\0';
174 
175 	front = binary_search(string, front, back);
176 	front = linear_search(string, front, back);
177 
178 	if (front)
179 		print_from(string, front, back);
180 	return (front ? 0 : 1);
181 }
182 
183 
184 /*
185  * Binary search for "string" in memory between "front" and "back".
186  *
187  * This routine is expected to return a pointer to the start of a line at
188  * *or before* the first word matching "string".  Relaxing the constraint
189  * this way simplifies the algorithm.
190  *
191  * Invariants:
192  * 	front points to the beginning of a line at or before the first
193  *	matching string.
194  *
195  * 	back points to the beginning of a line at or after the first
196  *	matching line.
197  *
198  * Base of the Invariants.
199  * 	front = NULL;
200  *	back = EOF;
201  *
202  * Advancing the Invariants:
203  *
204  * 	p = first newline after halfway point from front to back.
205  *
206  * 	If the string at "p" is not greater than the string to match,
207  *	p is the new front.  Otherwise it is the new back.
208  *
209  * Termination:
210  *
211  * 	The definition of the routine allows it return at any point,
212  *	since front is always at or before the line to print.
213  *
214  * 	In fact, it returns when the chosen "p" equals "back".  This
215  *	implies that there exists a string is least half as long as
216  *	(back - front), which in turn implies that a linear search will
217  *	be no more expensive than the cost of simply printing a string or two.
218  *
219  * 	Trying to continue with binary search at this point would be
220  *	more trouble than it's worth.
221  */
222 #define	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back) \
223 	while (p < back && *p++ != '\n');
224 
225 char *
226 binary_search(string, front, back)
227 	char *string, *front, *back;
228 {
229 	char *p;
230 
231 	p = front + (back - front) / 2;
232 	SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * If the file changes underneath us, make sure we don't
236 	 * infinitely loop.
237 	 */
238 	while (p < back && back > front) {
239 		if (compare(string, p, back) == GREATER)
240 			front = p;
241 		else
242 			back = p;
243 		p = front + (back - front) / 2;
244 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(p, back);
245 	}
246 	return (front);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Find the first line that starts with string, linearly searching from front
251  * to back.
252  *
253  * Return NULL for no such line.
254  *
255  * This routine assumes:
256  *
257  * 	o front points at the first character in a line.
258  *	o front is before or at the first line to be printed.
259  */
260 char *
261 linear_search(string, front, back)
262 	char *string, *front, *back;
263 {
264 	while (front < back) {
265 		switch (compare(string, front, back)) {
266 		case EQUAL:		/* Found it. */
267 			return (front);
268 			break;
269 		case LESS:		/* No such string. */
270 			return (NULL);
271 			break;
272 		case GREATER:		/* Keep going. */
273 			break;
274 		}
275 		SKIP_PAST_NEWLINE(front, back);
276 	}
277 	return (NULL);
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * Print as many lines as match string, starting at front.
282  */
283 void
284 print_from(string, front, back)
285 	char *string, *front, *back;
286 {
287 	for (; front < back && compare(string, front, back) == EQUAL; ++front) {
288 		for (; front < back && *front != '\n'; ++front)
289 			if (putchar(*front) == EOF)
290 				err(2, "stdout");
291 		if (putchar('\n') == EOF)
292 			err(2, "stdout");
293 	}
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * Return LESS, GREATER, or EQUAL depending on how the string1 compares with
298  * string2 (s1 ??? s2).
299  *
300  * 	o Matches up to len(s1) are EQUAL.
301  *	o Matches up to len(s2) are GREATER.
302  *
303  * Compare understands about the -f and -d flags, and treats comparisons
304  * appropriately.
305  *
306  * The string "s1" is null terminated.  The string s2 is '\n' terminated (or
307  * "back" terminated).
308  */
309 int
310 compare(s1, s2, back)
311 	char *s1, *s2, *back;
312 {
313 	int ch;
314 
315 	for (; *s1 && s2 < back && *s2 != '\n'; ++s1, ++s2) {
316 		ch = *s2;
317 		if (fflag)
318 			ch = FOLD(ch);
319 		if (dflag)
320 			ch = DICT(ch);
321 
322 		if (ch == NO_COMPARE) {
323 			++s2;		/* Ignore character in comparison. */
324 			continue;
325 		}
326 		if (*s1 != ch)
327 			return (*s1 < ch ? LESS : GREATER);
328 	}
329 	return (*s1 ? GREATER : EQUAL);
330 }
331 
332 void
333 usage()
334 {
335 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: look [-df] [-t char] string [file]\n");
336 	exit(2);
337 }
338