xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/ssh/auth-rhosts.c (revision 3bef86f7)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth-rhosts.c,v 1.57 2022/12/09 00:17:40 dtucker Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Rhosts authentication.  This file contains code to check whether to admit
7  * the login based on rhosts authentication.  This file also processes
8  * /etc/hosts.equiv.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/stat.h>
19 
20 #include <errno.h>
21 #include <fcntl.h>
22 #include <netgroup.h>
23 #include <pwd.h>
24 #include <stdio.h>
25 #include <string.h>
26 #include <stdarg.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <unistd.h>
29 
30 #include "packet.h"
31 #include "uidswap.h"
32 #include "pathnames.h"
33 #include "log.h"
34 #include "misc.h"
35 #include "xmalloc.h"
36 #include "sshbuf.h"
37 #include "sshkey.h"
38 #include "servconf.h"
39 #include "canohost.h"
40 #include "hostfile.h"
41 #include "auth.h"
42 
43 /* import */
44 extern ServerOptions options;
45 extern int use_privsep;
46 
47 /*
48  * This function processes an rhosts-style file (.rhosts, .shosts, or
49  * /etc/hosts.equiv).  This returns true if authentication can be granted
50  * based on the file, and returns zero otherwise.
51  */
52 
53 static int
54 check_rhosts_file(const char *filename, const char *hostname,
55 		  const char *ipaddr, const char *client_user,
56 		  const char *server_user)
57 {
58 	FILE *f;
59 #define RBUFLN 1024
60 	char buf[RBUFLN];/* Must not be larger than host, user, dummy below. */
61 	int fd;
62 	struct stat st;
63 
64 	/* Open the .rhosts file, deny if unreadable */
65 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
66 		return 0;
67 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
68 		close(fd);
69 		return 0;
70 	}
71 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
72 		logit("User %s hosts file %s is not a regular file",
73 		    server_user, filename);
74 		close(fd);
75 		return 0;
76 	}
77 	unset_nonblock(fd);
78 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
79 		close(fd);
80 		return 0;
81 	}
82 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
83 		/* All three must have length >= buf to avoid overflows. */
84 		char hostbuf[RBUFLN], userbuf[RBUFLN], dummy[RBUFLN];
85 		char *host, *user, *cp;
86 		int negated;
87 
88 		for (cp = buf; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
89 			;
90 		if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\n' || !*cp)
91 			continue;
92 
93 		/*
94 		 * NO_PLUS is supported at least on OSF/1.  We skip it (we
95 		 * don't ever support the plus syntax).
96 		 */
97 		if (strncmp(cp, "NO_PLUS", 7) == 0)
98 			continue;
99 
100 		/*
101 		 * This should be safe because each buffer is as big as the
102 		 * whole string, and thus cannot be overwritten.
103 		 */
104 		switch (sscanf(buf, "%1023s %1023s %1023s", hostbuf, userbuf,
105 		    dummy)) {
106 		case 0:
107 			auth_debug_add("Found empty line in %.100s.", filename);
108 			continue;
109 		case 1:
110 			/* Host name only. */
111 			strlcpy(userbuf, server_user, sizeof(userbuf));
112 			break;
113 		case 2:
114 			/* Got both host and user name. */
115 			break;
116 		case 3:
117 			auth_debug_add("Found garbage in %.100s.", filename);
118 			continue;
119 		default:
120 			/* Weird... */
121 			continue;
122 		}
123 
124 		host = hostbuf;
125 		user = userbuf;
126 		negated = 0;
127 
128 		/* Process negated host names, or positive netgroups. */
129 		if (host[0] == '-') {
130 			negated = 1;
131 			host++;
132 		} else if (host[0] == '+')
133 			host++;
134 
135 		if (user[0] == '-') {
136 			negated = 1;
137 			user++;
138 		} else if (user[0] == '+')
139 			user++;
140 
141 		/* Check for empty host/user names (particularly '+'). */
142 		if (!host[0] || !user[0]) {
143 			/* We come here if either was '+' or '-'. */
144 			auth_debug_add("Ignoring wild host/user names "
145 			    "in %.100s.", filename);
146 			continue;
147 		}
148 		/* Verify that host name matches. */
149 		if (host[0] == '@') {
150 			if (!innetgr(host + 1, hostname, NULL, NULL) &&
151 			    !innetgr(host + 1, ipaddr, NULL, NULL))
152 				continue;
153 		} else if (strcasecmp(host, hostname) &&
154 		    strcmp(host, ipaddr) != 0)
155 			continue;	/* Different hostname. */
156 
157 		/* Verify that user name matches. */
158 		if (user[0] == '@') {
159 			if (!innetgr(user + 1, NULL, client_user, NULL))
160 				continue;
161 		} else if (strcmp(user, client_user) != 0)
162 			continue;	/* Different username. */
163 
164 		/* Found the user and host. */
165 		fclose(f);
166 
167 		/* If the entry was negated, deny access. */
168 		if (negated) {
169 			auth_debug_add("Matched negative entry in %.100s.",
170 			    filename);
171 			return 0;
172 		}
173 		/* Accept authentication. */
174 		return 1;
175 	}
176 
177 	/* Authentication using this file denied. */
178 	fclose(f);
179 	return 0;
180 }
181 
182 /*
183  * Tries to authenticate the user using the .shosts or .rhosts file. Returns
184  * true if authentication succeeds.  If ignore_rhosts is true, only
185  * /etc/hosts.equiv will be considered (.rhosts and .shosts are ignored).
186  */
187 int
188 auth_rhosts2(struct passwd *pw, const char *client_user, const char *hostname,
189     const char *ipaddr)
190 {
191 	char *path = NULL;
192 	struct stat st;
193 	static const char * const rhosts_files[] = {".shosts", ".rhosts", NULL};
194 	u_int rhosts_file_index;
195 	int r;
196 
197 	debug2_f("clientuser %s hostname %s ipaddr %s",
198 	    client_user, hostname, ipaddr);
199 
200 	/* Switch to the user's uid. */
201 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
202 	/*
203 	 * Quick check: if the user has no .shosts or .rhosts files and
204 	 * no system hosts.equiv/shosts.equiv files exist then return
205 	 * failure immediately without doing costly lookups from name
206 	 * servers.
207 	 */
208 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
209 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
210 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
211 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
212 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
213 		r = stat(path, &st);
214 		free(path);
215 		if (r >= 0)
216 			break;
217 	}
218 	/* Switch back to privileged uid. */
219 	restore_uid();
220 
221 	/*
222 	 * Deny if The user has no .shosts or .rhosts file and there
223 	 * are no system-wide files.
224 	 */
225 	if (!rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index] &&
226 	    stat(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1 &&
227 	    stat(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1) {
228 		debug3_f("no hosts access files exist");
229 		return 0;
230 	}
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * If not logging in as superuser, try /etc/hosts.equiv and
234 	 * shosts.equiv.
235 	 */
236 	if (pw->pw_uid == 0)
237 		debug3_f("root user, ignoring system hosts files");
238 	else {
239 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
240 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
241 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
242 			    "/etc/hosts.equiv.", hostname, ipaddr);
243 			return 1;
244 		}
245 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
246 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
247 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
248 			    "%.100s.", hostname, ipaddr, _PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV);
249 			return 1;
250 		}
251 	}
252 
253 	/*
254 	 * Check that the home directory is owned by root or the user, and is
255 	 * not group or world writable.
256 	 */
257 	if (stat(pw->pw_dir, &st) == -1) {
258 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
259 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
260 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
261 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
262 		return 0;
263 	}
264 	if (options.strict_modes &&
265 	    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
266 	    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
267 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
268 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
269 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
270 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
271 		return 0;
272 	}
273 	/* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
274 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
275 
276 	/* Check all .rhosts files (currently .shosts and .rhosts). */
277 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
278 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
279 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
280 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
281 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
282 		if (stat(path, &st) == -1) {
283 			debug3_f("stat %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
284 			free(path);
285 			continue;
286 		}
287 
288 		/*
289 		 * Make sure that the file is either owned by the user or by
290 		 * root, and make sure it is not writable by anyone but the
291 		 * owner.  This is to help avoid novices accidentally
292 		 * allowing access to their account by anyone.
293 		 */
294 		if (options.strict_modes &&
295 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
296 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
297 			logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
298 			    "bad modes for %.200s", pw->pw_name, path);
299 			auth_debug_add("Bad file modes for %.200s", path);
300 			free(path);
301 			continue;
302 		}
303 		/*
304 		 * Check if we have been configured to ignore .rhosts
305 		 * and .shosts files.
306 		 */
307 		if (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_YES ||
308 		    (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_SHOSTS &&
309 		    strcmp(rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index], ".shosts") != 0)) {
310 			auth_debug_add("Server has been configured to "
311 			    "ignore %.100s.", rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
312 			free(path);
313 			continue;
314 		}
315 		/* Check if authentication is permitted by the file. */
316 		if (check_rhosts_file(path, hostname, ipaddr,
317 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
318 			auth_debug_add("Accepted by %.100s.",
319 			    rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
320 			/* Restore the privileged uid. */
321 			restore_uid();
322 			auth_debug_add("Accepted host %s ip %s client_user "
323 			    "%s server_user %s", hostname, ipaddr,
324 			    client_user, pw->pw_name);
325 			free(path);
326 			return 1;
327 		}
328 		free(path);
329 	}
330 
331 	/* Restore the privileged uid. */
332 	restore_uid();
333 	return 0;
334 }
335