xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/ssh/auth.c (revision 5af055cd)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth.c,v 1.114 2016/03/07 19:02:43 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/types.h>
27 #include <sys/stat.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 
30 #include <errno.h>
31 #include <fcntl.h>
32 #include <libgen.h>
33 #include <login_cap.h>
34 #include <paths.h>
35 #include <pwd.h>
36 #include <stdarg.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <unistd.h>
40 #include <limits.h>
41 #include <netdb.h>
42 
43 #include "xmalloc.h"
44 #include "match.h"
45 #include "groupaccess.h"
46 #include "log.h"
47 #include "buffer.h"
48 #include "misc.h"
49 #include "servconf.h"
50 #include "key.h"
51 #include "hostfile.h"
52 #include "auth.h"
53 #include "auth-options.h"
54 #include "canohost.h"
55 #include "uidswap.h"
56 #include "packet.h"
57 #ifdef GSSAPI
58 #include "ssh-gss.h"
59 #endif
60 #include "authfile.h"
61 #include "monitor_wrap.h"
62 #include "authfile.h"
63 #include "ssherr.h"
64 #include "compat.h"
65 
66 /* import */
67 extern ServerOptions options;
68 extern int use_privsep;
69 
70 /* Debugging messages */
71 Buffer auth_debug;
72 int auth_debug_init;
73 
74 /*
75  * Check if the user is allowed to log in via ssh. If user is listed
76  * in DenyUsers or one of user's groups is listed in DenyGroups, false
77  * will be returned. If AllowUsers isn't empty and user isn't listed
78  * there, or if AllowGroups isn't empty and one of user's groups isn't
79  * listed there, false will be returned.
80  * If the user's shell is not executable, false will be returned.
81  * Otherwise true is returned.
82  */
83 int
84 allowed_user(struct passwd * pw)
85 {
86 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
87 	struct stat st;
88 	const char *hostname = NULL, *ipaddr = NULL;
89 	u_int i;
90 
91 	/* Shouldn't be called if pw is NULL, but better safe than sorry... */
92 	if (!pw || !pw->pw_name)
93 		return 0;
94 
95 	/*
96 	 * Deny if shell does not exist or is not executable unless we
97 	 * are chrooting.
98 	 */
99 	if (options.chroot_directory == NULL ||
100 	    strcasecmp(options.chroot_directory, "none") == 0) {
101 		char *shell = xstrdup((pw->pw_shell[0] == '\0') ?
102 		    _PATH_BSHELL : pw->pw_shell); /* empty = /bin/sh */
103 
104 		if (stat(shell, &st) != 0) {
105 			logit("User %.100s not allowed because shell %.100s "
106 			    "does not exist", pw->pw_name, shell);
107 			free(shell);
108 			return 0;
109 		}
110 		if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) == 0 ||
111 		    (st.st_mode & (S_IXOTH|S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP)) == 0) {
112 			logit("User %.100s not allowed because shell %.100s "
113 			    "is not executable", pw->pw_name, shell);
114 			free(shell);
115 			return 0;
116 		}
117 		free(shell);
118 	}
119 
120 	if (options.num_deny_users > 0 || options.num_allow_users > 0 ||
121 	    options.num_deny_groups > 0 || options.num_allow_groups > 0) {
122 		hostname = auth_get_canonical_hostname(ssh, options.use_dns);
123 		ipaddr = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
124 	}
125 
126 	/* Return false if user is listed in DenyUsers */
127 	if (options.num_deny_users > 0) {
128 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_deny_users; i++)
129 			if (match_user(pw->pw_name, hostname, ipaddr,
130 			    options.deny_users[i])) {
131 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
132 				    "because listed in DenyUsers",
133 				    pw->pw_name, hostname);
134 				return 0;
135 			}
136 	}
137 	/* Return false if AllowUsers isn't empty and user isn't listed there */
138 	if (options.num_allow_users > 0) {
139 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_allow_users; i++)
140 			if (match_user(pw->pw_name, hostname, ipaddr,
141 			    options.allow_users[i]))
142 				break;
143 		/* i < options.num_allow_users iff we break for loop */
144 		if (i >= options.num_allow_users) {
145 			logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed because "
146 			    "not listed in AllowUsers", pw->pw_name, hostname);
147 			return 0;
148 		}
149 	}
150 	if (options.num_deny_groups > 0 || options.num_allow_groups > 0) {
151 		/* Get the user's group access list (primary and supplementary) */
152 		if (ga_init(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == 0) {
153 			logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed because "
154 			    "not in any group", pw->pw_name, hostname);
155 			return 0;
156 		}
157 
158 		/* Return false if one of user's groups is listed in DenyGroups */
159 		if (options.num_deny_groups > 0)
160 			if (ga_match(options.deny_groups,
161 			    options.num_deny_groups)) {
162 				ga_free();
163 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
164 				    "because a group is listed in DenyGroups",
165 				    pw->pw_name, hostname);
166 				return 0;
167 			}
168 		/*
169 		 * Return false if AllowGroups isn't empty and one of user's groups
170 		 * isn't listed there
171 		 */
172 		if (options.num_allow_groups > 0)
173 			if (!ga_match(options.allow_groups,
174 			    options.num_allow_groups)) {
175 				ga_free();
176 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
177 				    "because none of user's groups are listed "
178 				    "in AllowGroups", pw->pw_name, hostname);
179 				return 0;
180 			}
181 		ga_free();
182 	}
183 	/* We found no reason not to let this user try to log on... */
184 	return 1;
185 }
186 
187 void
188 auth_info(Authctxt *authctxt, const char *fmt, ...)
189 {
190 	va_list ap;
191         int i;
192 
193 	free(authctxt->info);
194 	authctxt->info = NULL;
195 
196 	va_start(ap, fmt);
197 	i = vasprintf(&authctxt->info, fmt, ap);
198 	va_end(ap);
199 
200 	if (i < 0 || authctxt->info == NULL)
201 		fatal("vasprintf failed");
202 }
203 
204 void
205 auth_log(Authctxt *authctxt, int authenticated, int partial,
206     const char *method, const char *submethod)
207 {
208 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
209 	void (*authlog) (const char *fmt,...) = verbose;
210 	char *authmsg;
211 
212 	if (use_privsep && !mm_is_monitor() && !authctxt->postponed)
213 		return;
214 
215 	/* Raise logging level */
216 	if (authenticated == 1 ||
217 	    !authctxt->valid ||
218 	    authctxt->failures >= options.max_authtries / 2 ||
219 	    strcmp(method, "password") == 0)
220 		authlog = logit;
221 
222 	if (authctxt->postponed)
223 		authmsg = "Postponed";
224 	else if (partial)
225 		authmsg = "Partial";
226 	else
227 		authmsg = authenticated ? "Accepted" : "Failed";
228 
229 	authlog("%s %s%s%s for %s%.100s from %.200s port %d %s%s%s",
230 	    authmsg,
231 	    method,
232 	    submethod != NULL ? "/" : "", submethod == NULL ? "" : submethod,
233 	    authctxt->valid ? "" : "invalid user ",
234 	    authctxt->user,
235 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh),
236 	    ssh_remote_port(ssh),
237 	    compat20 ? "ssh2" : "ssh1",
238 	    authctxt->info != NULL ? ": " : "",
239 	    authctxt->info != NULL ? authctxt->info : "");
240 	free(authctxt->info);
241 	authctxt->info = NULL;
242 }
243 
244 void
245 auth_maxtries_exceeded(Authctxt *authctxt)
246 {
247 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
248 
249 	error("maximum authentication attempts exceeded for "
250 	    "%s%.100s from %.200s port %d %s",
251 	    authctxt->valid ? "" : "invalid user ",
252 	    authctxt->user,
253 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh),
254 	    ssh_remote_port(ssh),
255 	    compat20 ? "ssh2" : "ssh1");
256 	packet_disconnect("Too many authentication failures");
257 	/* NOTREACHED */
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * Check whether root logins are disallowed.
262  */
263 int
264 auth_root_allowed(const char *method)
265 {
266 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
267 
268 	switch (options.permit_root_login) {
269 	case PERMIT_YES:
270 		return 1;
271 	case PERMIT_NO_PASSWD:
272 		if (strcmp(method, "publickey") == 0 ||
273 		    strcmp(method, "hostbased") == 0 ||
274 		    strcmp(method, "gssapi-with-mic") == 0)
275 			return 1;
276 		break;
277 	case PERMIT_FORCED_ONLY:
278 		if (forced_command) {
279 			logit("Root login accepted for forced command.");
280 			return 1;
281 		}
282 		break;
283 	}
284 	logit("ROOT LOGIN REFUSED FROM %.200s port %d",
285 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
286 	return 0;
287 }
288 
289 
290 /*
291  * Given a template and a passwd structure, build a filename
292  * by substituting % tokenised options. Currently, %% becomes '%',
293  * %h becomes the home directory and %u the username.
294  *
295  * This returns a buffer allocated by xmalloc.
296  */
297 char *
298 expand_authorized_keys(const char *filename, struct passwd *pw)
299 {
300 	char *file, ret[PATH_MAX];
301 	int i;
302 
303 	file = percent_expand(filename, "h", pw->pw_dir,
304 	    "u", pw->pw_name, (char *)NULL);
305 
306 	/*
307 	 * Ensure that filename starts anchored. If not, be backward
308 	 * compatible and prepend the '%h/'
309 	 */
310 	if (*file == '/')
311 		return (file);
312 
313 	i = snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, file);
314 	if (i < 0 || (size_t)i >= sizeof(ret))
315 		fatal("expand_authorized_keys: path too long");
316 	free(file);
317 	return (xstrdup(ret));
318 }
319 
320 char *
321 authorized_principals_file(struct passwd *pw)
322 {
323 	if (options.authorized_principals_file == NULL)
324 		return NULL;
325 	return expand_authorized_keys(options.authorized_principals_file, pw);
326 }
327 
328 /* return ok if key exists in sysfile or userfile */
329 HostStatus
330 check_key_in_hostfiles(struct passwd *pw, Key *key, const char *host,
331     const char *sysfile, const char *userfile)
332 {
333 	char *user_hostfile;
334 	struct stat st;
335 	HostStatus host_status;
336 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys;
337 	const struct hostkey_entry *found;
338 
339 	hostkeys = init_hostkeys();
340 	load_hostkeys(hostkeys, host, sysfile);
341 	if (userfile != NULL) {
342 		user_hostfile = tilde_expand_filename(userfile, pw->pw_uid);
343 		if (options.strict_modes &&
344 		    (stat(user_hostfile, &st) == 0) &&
345 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
346 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
347 			logit("Authentication refused for %.100s: "
348 			    "bad owner or modes for %.200s",
349 			    pw->pw_name, user_hostfile);
350 			auth_debug_add("Ignored %.200s: bad ownership or modes",
351 			    user_hostfile);
352 		} else {
353 			temporarily_use_uid(pw);
354 			load_hostkeys(hostkeys, host, user_hostfile);
355 			restore_uid();
356 		}
357 		free(user_hostfile);
358 	}
359 	host_status = check_key_in_hostkeys(hostkeys, key, &found);
360 	if (host_status == HOST_REVOKED)
361 		error("WARNING: revoked key for %s attempted authentication",
362 		    found->host);
363 	else if (host_status == HOST_OK)
364 		debug("%s: key for %s found at %s:%ld", __func__,
365 		    found->host, found->file, found->line);
366 	else
367 		debug("%s: key for host %s not found", __func__, host);
368 
369 	free_hostkeys(hostkeys);
370 
371 	return host_status;
372 }
373 
374 /*
375  * Check a given path for security. This is defined as all components
376  * of the path to the file must be owned by either the owner of
377  * of the file or root and no directories must be group or world writable.
378  *
379  * XXX Should any specific check be done for sym links ?
380  *
381  * Takes a file name, its stat information (preferably from fstat() to
382  * avoid races), the uid of the expected owner, their home directory and an
383  * error buffer plus max size as arguments.
384  *
385  * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
386  */
387 int
388 auth_secure_path(const char *name, struct stat *stp, const char *pw_dir,
389     uid_t uid, char *err, size_t errlen)
390 {
391 	char buf[PATH_MAX], homedir[PATH_MAX];
392 	char *cp;
393 	int comparehome = 0;
394 	struct stat st;
395 
396 	if (realpath(name, buf) == NULL) {
397 		snprintf(err, errlen, "realpath %s failed: %s", name,
398 		    strerror(errno));
399 		return -1;
400 	}
401 	if (pw_dir != NULL && realpath(pw_dir, homedir) != NULL)
402 		comparehome = 1;
403 
404 	if (!S_ISREG(stp->st_mode)) {
405 		snprintf(err, errlen, "%s is not a regular file", buf);
406 		return -1;
407 	}
408 	if ((stp->st_uid != 0 && stp->st_uid != uid) ||
409 	    (stp->st_mode & 022) != 0) {
410 		snprintf(err, errlen, "bad ownership or modes for file %s",
411 		    buf);
412 		return -1;
413 	}
414 
415 	/* for each component of the canonical path, walking upwards */
416 	for (;;) {
417 		if ((cp = dirname(buf)) == NULL) {
418 			snprintf(err, errlen, "dirname() failed");
419 			return -1;
420 		}
421 		strlcpy(buf, cp, sizeof(buf));
422 
423 		if (stat(buf, &st) < 0 ||
424 		    (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != uid) ||
425 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) {
426 			snprintf(err, errlen,
427 			    "bad ownership or modes for directory %s", buf);
428 			return -1;
429 		}
430 
431 		/* If are past the homedir then we can stop */
432 		if (comparehome && strcmp(homedir, buf) == 0)
433 			break;
434 
435 		/*
436 		 * dirname should always complete with a "/" path,
437 		 * but we can be paranoid and check for "." too
438 		 */
439 		if ((strcmp("/", buf) == 0) || (strcmp(".", buf) == 0))
440 			break;
441 	}
442 	return 0;
443 }
444 
445 /*
446  * Version of secure_path() that accepts an open file descriptor to
447  * avoid races.
448  *
449  * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
450  */
451 static int
452 secure_filename(FILE *f, const char *file, struct passwd *pw,
453     char *err, size_t errlen)
454 {
455 	struct stat st;
456 
457 	/* check the open file to avoid races */
458 	if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) {
459 		snprintf(err, errlen, "cannot stat file %s: %s",
460 		    file, strerror(errno));
461 		return -1;
462 	}
463 	return auth_secure_path(file, &st, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_uid, err, errlen);
464 }
465 
466 static FILE *
467 auth_openfile(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes,
468     int log_missing, char *file_type)
469 {
470 	char line[1024];
471 	struct stat st;
472 	int fd;
473 	FILE *f;
474 
475 	if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1) {
476 		if (log_missing || errno != ENOENT)
477 			debug("Could not open %s '%s': %s", file_type, file,
478 			   strerror(errno));
479 		return NULL;
480 	}
481 
482 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
483 		close(fd);
484 		return NULL;
485 	}
486 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
487 		logit("User %s %s %s is not a regular file",
488 		    pw->pw_name, file_type, file);
489 		close(fd);
490 		return NULL;
491 	}
492 	unset_nonblock(fd);
493 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
494 		close(fd);
495 		return NULL;
496 	}
497 	if (strict_modes &&
498 	    secure_filename(f, file, pw, line, sizeof(line)) != 0) {
499 		fclose(f);
500 		logit("Authentication refused: %s", line);
501 		auth_debug_add("Ignored %s: %s", file_type, line);
502 		return NULL;
503 	}
504 
505 	return f;
506 }
507 
508 
509 FILE *
510 auth_openkeyfile(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes)
511 {
512 	return auth_openfile(file, pw, strict_modes, 1, "authorized keys");
513 }
514 
515 FILE *
516 auth_openprincipals(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes)
517 {
518 	return auth_openfile(file, pw, strict_modes, 0,
519 	    "authorized principals");
520 }
521 
522 struct passwd *
523 getpwnamallow(const char *user)
524 {
525 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
526 	extern login_cap_t *lc;
527 	auth_session_t *as;
528 	struct passwd *pw;
529 	struct connection_info *ci = get_connection_info(1, options.use_dns);
530 
531 	ci->user = user;
532 	parse_server_match_config(&options, ci);
533 
534 	pw = getpwnam(user);
535 	if (pw == NULL) {
536 		logit("Invalid user %.100s from %.100s port %d",
537 		    user, ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
538 		return (NULL);
539 	}
540 	if (!allowed_user(pw))
541 		return (NULL);
542 	if ((lc = login_getclass(pw->pw_class)) == NULL) {
543 		debug("unable to get login class: %s", user);
544 		return (NULL);
545 	}
546 	if ((as = auth_open()) == NULL || auth_setpwd(as, pw) != 0 ||
547 	    auth_approval(as, lc, pw->pw_name, "ssh") <= 0) {
548 		debug("Approval failure for %s", user);
549 		pw = NULL;
550 	}
551 	if (as != NULL)
552 		auth_close(as);
553 	if (pw != NULL)
554 		return (pwcopy(pw));
555 	return (NULL);
556 }
557 
558 /* Returns 1 if key is revoked by revoked_keys_file, 0 otherwise */
559 int
560 auth_key_is_revoked(Key *key)
561 {
562 	char *fp = NULL;
563 	int r;
564 
565 	if (options.revoked_keys_file == NULL)
566 		return 0;
567 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
568 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
569 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
570 		error("%s: fingerprint key: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
571 		goto out;
572 	}
573 
574 	r = sshkey_check_revoked(key, options.revoked_keys_file);
575 	switch (r) {
576 	case 0:
577 		break; /* not revoked */
578 	case SSH_ERR_KEY_REVOKED:
579 		error("Authentication key %s %s revoked by file %s",
580 		    sshkey_type(key), fp, options.revoked_keys_file);
581 		goto out;
582 	default:
583 		error("Error checking authentication key %s %s in "
584 		    "revoked keys file %s: %s", sshkey_type(key), fp,
585 		    options.revoked_keys_file, ssh_err(r));
586 		goto out;
587 	}
588 
589 	/* Success */
590 	r = 0;
591 
592  out:
593 	free(fp);
594 	return r == 0 ? 0 : 1;
595 }
596 
597 void
598 auth_debug_add(const char *fmt,...)
599 {
600 	char buf[1024];
601 	va_list args;
602 
603 	if (!auth_debug_init)
604 		return;
605 
606 	va_start(args, fmt);
607 	vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
608 	va_end(args);
609 	buffer_put_cstring(&auth_debug, buf);
610 }
611 
612 void
613 auth_debug_send(void)
614 {
615 	char *msg;
616 
617 	if (!auth_debug_init)
618 		return;
619 	while (buffer_len(&auth_debug)) {
620 		msg = buffer_get_string(&auth_debug, NULL);
621 		packet_send_debug("%s", msg);
622 		free(msg);
623 	}
624 }
625 
626 void
627 auth_debug_reset(void)
628 {
629 	if (auth_debug_init)
630 		buffer_clear(&auth_debug);
631 	else {
632 		buffer_init(&auth_debug);
633 		auth_debug_init = 1;
634 	}
635 }
636 
637 struct passwd *
638 fakepw(void)
639 {
640 	static struct passwd fake;
641 
642 	memset(&fake, 0, sizeof(fake));
643 	fake.pw_name = "NOUSER";
644 	fake.pw_passwd =
645 	    "$2a$06$r3.juUaHZDlIbQaO2dS9FuYxL1W9M81R1Tc92PoSNmzvpEqLkLGrK";
646 	fake.pw_gecos = "NOUSER";
647 	fake.pw_uid = (uid_t)-1;
648 	fake.pw_gid = (gid_t)-1;
649 	fake.pw_class = "";
650 	fake.pw_dir = "/nonexist";
651 	fake.pw_shell = "/nonexist";
652 
653 	return (&fake);
654 }
655 
656 /*
657  * Returns the remote DNS hostname as a string. The returned string must not
658  * be freed. NB. this will usually trigger a DNS query the first time it is
659  * called.
660  * This function does additional checks on the hostname to mitigate some
661  * attacks on legacy rhosts-style authentication.
662  * XXX is RhostsRSAAuthentication vulnerable to these?
663  * XXX Can we remove these checks? (or if not, remove RhostsRSAAuthentication?)
664  */
665 
666 static char *
667 remote_hostname(struct ssh *ssh)
668 {
669 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
670 	socklen_t fromlen;
671 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai, *aitop;
672 	char name[NI_MAXHOST], ntop2[NI_MAXHOST];
673 	const char *ntop = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
674 
675 	/* Get IP address of client. */
676 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
677 	memset(&from, 0, sizeof(from));
678 	if (getpeername(ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
679 	    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen) < 0) {
680 		debug("getpeername failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
681 		return strdup(ntop);
682 	}
683 
684 	debug3("Trying to reverse map address %.100s.", ntop);
685 	/* Map the IP address to a host name. */
686 	if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&from, fromlen, name, sizeof(name),
687 	    NULL, 0, NI_NAMEREQD) != 0) {
688 		/* Host name not found.  Use ip address. */
689 		return strdup(ntop);
690 	}
691 
692 	/*
693 	 * if reverse lookup result looks like a numeric hostname,
694 	 * someone is trying to trick us by PTR record like following:
695 	 *	1.1.1.10.in-addr.arpa.	IN PTR	2.3.4.5
696 	 */
697 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
698 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;	/*dummy*/
699 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
700 	if (getaddrinfo(name, NULL, &hints, &ai) == 0) {
701 		logit("Nasty PTR record \"%s\" is set up for %s, ignoring",
702 		    name, ntop);
703 		freeaddrinfo(ai);
704 		return strdup(ntop);
705 	}
706 
707 	/* Names are stored in lowercase. */
708 	lowercase(name);
709 
710 	/*
711 	 * Map it back to an IP address and check that the given
712 	 * address actually is an address of this host.  This is
713 	 * necessary because anyone with access to a name server can
714 	 * define arbitrary names for an IP address. Mapping from
715 	 * name to IP address can be trusted better (but can still be
716 	 * fooled if the intruder has access to the name server of
717 	 * the domain).
718 	 */
719 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
720 	hints.ai_family = from.ss_family;
721 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
722 	if (getaddrinfo(name, NULL, &hints, &aitop) != 0) {
723 		logit("reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for %.700s "
724 		    "[%s] failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!", name, ntop);
725 		return strdup(ntop);
726 	}
727 	/* Look for the address from the list of addresses. */
728 	for (ai = aitop; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
729 		if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, ntop2,
730 		    sizeof(ntop2), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0 &&
731 		    (strcmp(ntop, ntop2) == 0))
732 				break;
733 	}
734 	freeaddrinfo(aitop);
735 	/* If we reached the end of the list, the address was not there. */
736 	if (ai == NULL) {
737 		/* Address not found for the host name. */
738 		logit("Address %.100s maps to %.600s, but this does not "
739 		    "map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!",
740 		    ntop, name);
741 		return strdup(ntop);
742 	}
743 	return strdup(name);
744 }
745 
746 /*
747  * Return the canonical name of the host in the other side of the current
748  * connection.  The host name is cached, so it is efficient to call this
749  * several times.
750  */
751 
752 const char *
753 auth_get_canonical_hostname(struct ssh *ssh, int use_dns)
754 {
755 	static char *dnsname;
756 
757 	if (!use_dns)
758 		return ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
759 	else if (dnsname != NULL)
760 		return dnsname;
761 	else {
762 		dnsname = remote_hostname(ssh);
763 		return dnsname;
764 	}
765 }
766