xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/ssh/auth.c (revision 6f40fd34)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth.c,v 1.122 2017/06/24 06:34:38 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/types.h>
27 #include <sys/stat.h>
28 #include <sys/socket.h>
29 
30 #include <errno.h>
31 #include <fcntl.h>
32 #include <libgen.h>
33 #include <login_cap.h>
34 #include <paths.h>
35 #include <pwd.h>
36 #include <stdarg.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <unistd.h>
40 #include <limits.h>
41 #include <netdb.h>
42 
43 #include "xmalloc.h"
44 #include "match.h"
45 #include "groupaccess.h"
46 #include "log.h"
47 #include "buffer.h"
48 #include "misc.h"
49 #include "servconf.h"
50 #include "key.h"
51 #include "hostfile.h"
52 #include "auth.h"
53 #include "auth-options.h"
54 #include "canohost.h"
55 #include "uidswap.h"
56 #include "packet.h"
57 #ifdef GSSAPI
58 #include "ssh-gss.h"
59 #endif
60 #include "authfile.h"
61 #include "monitor_wrap.h"
62 #include "authfile.h"
63 #include "ssherr.h"
64 #include "compat.h"
65 
66 /* import */
67 extern ServerOptions options;
68 extern int use_privsep;
69 
70 /* Debugging messages */
71 Buffer auth_debug;
72 int auth_debug_init;
73 
74 /*
75  * Check if the user is allowed to log in via ssh. If user is listed
76  * in DenyUsers or one of user's groups is listed in DenyGroups, false
77  * will be returned. If AllowUsers isn't empty and user isn't listed
78  * there, or if AllowGroups isn't empty and one of user's groups isn't
79  * listed there, false will be returned.
80  * If the user's shell is not executable, false will be returned.
81  * Otherwise true is returned.
82  */
83 int
84 allowed_user(struct passwd * pw)
85 {
86 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
87 	struct stat st;
88 	const char *hostname = NULL, *ipaddr = NULL;
89 	int r;
90 	u_int i;
91 
92 	/* Shouldn't be called if pw is NULL, but better safe than sorry... */
93 	if (!pw || !pw->pw_name)
94 		return 0;
95 
96 	/*
97 	 * Deny if shell does not exist or is not executable unless we
98 	 * are chrooting.
99 	 */
100 	if (options.chroot_directory == NULL ||
101 	    strcasecmp(options.chroot_directory, "none") == 0) {
102 		char *shell = xstrdup((pw->pw_shell[0] == '\0') ?
103 		    _PATH_BSHELL : pw->pw_shell); /* empty = /bin/sh */
104 
105 		if (stat(shell, &st) != 0) {
106 			logit("User %.100s not allowed because shell %.100s "
107 			    "does not exist", pw->pw_name, shell);
108 			free(shell);
109 			return 0;
110 		}
111 		if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) == 0 ||
112 		    (st.st_mode & (S_IXOTH|S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP)) == 0) {
113 			logit("User %.100s not allowed because shell %.100s "
114 			    "is not executable", pw->pw_name, shell);
115 			free(shell);
116 			return 0;
117 		}
118 		free(shell);
119 	}
120 
121 	if (options.num_deny_users > 0 || options.num_allow_users > 0 ||
122 	    options.num_deny_groups > 0 || options.num_allow_groups > 0) {
123 		hostname = auth_get_canonical_hostname(ssh, options.use_dns);
124 		ipaddr = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
125 	}
126 
127 	/* Return false if user is listed in DenyUsers */
128 	if (options.num_deny_users > 0) {
129 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_deny_users; i++) {
130 			r = match_user(pw->pw_name, hostname, ipaddr,
131 			    options.deny_users[i]);
132 			if (r < 0) {
133 				fatal("Invalid DenyUsers pattern \"%.100s\"",
134 				    options.deny_users[i]);
135 			} else if (r != 0) {
136 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
137 				    "because listed in DenyUsers",
138 				    pw->pw_name, hostname);
139 				return 0;
140 			}
141 		}
142 	}
143 	/* Return false if AllowUsers isn't empty and user isn't listed there */
144 	if (options.num_allow_users > 0) {
145 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_allow_users; i++) {
146 			r = match_user(pw->pw_name, hostname, ipaddr,
147 			    options.allow_users[i]);
148 			if (r < 0) {
149 				fatal("Invalid AllowUsers pattern \"%.100s\"",
150 				    options.allow_users[i]);
151 			} else if (r == 1)
152 				break;
153 		}
154 		/* i < options.num_allow_users iff we break for loop */
155 		if (i >= options.num_allow_users) {
156 			logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed because "
157 			    "not listed in AllowUsers", pw->pw_name, hostname);
158 			return 0;
159 		}
160 	}
161 	if (options.num_deny_groups > 0 || options.num_allow_groups > 0) {
162 		/* Get the user's group access list (primary and supplementary) */
163 		if (ga_init(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) == 0) {
164 			logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed because "
165 			    "not in any group", pw->pw_name, hostname);
166 			return 0;
167 		}
168 
169 		/* Return false if one of user's groups is listed in DenyGroups */
170 		if (options.num_deny_groups > 0)
171 			if (ga_match(options.deny_groups,
172 			    options.num_deny_groups)) {
173 				ga_free();
174 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
175 				    "because a group is listed in DenyGroups",
176 				    pw->pw_name, hostname);
177 				return 0;
178 			}
179 		/*
180 		 * Return false if AllowGroups isn't empty and one of user's groups
181 		 * isn't listed there
182 		 */
183 		if (options.num_allow_groups > 0)
184 			if (!ga_match(options.allow_groups,
185 			    options.num_allow_groups)) {
186 				ga_free();
187 				logit("User %.100s from %.100s not allowed "
188 				    "because none of user's groups are listed "
189 				    "in AllowGroups", pw->pw_name, hostname);
190 				return 0;
191 			}
192 		ga_free();
193 	}
194 	/* We found no reason not to let this user try to log on... */
195 	return 1;
196 }
197 
198 /*
199  * Formats any key left in authctxt->auth_method_key for inclusion in
200  * auth_log()'s message. Also includes authxtct->auth_method_info if present.
201  */
202 static char *
203 format_method_key(Authctxt *authctxt)
204 {
205 	const struct sshkey *key = authctxt->auth_method_key;
206 	const char *methinfo = authctxt->auth_method_info;
207 	char *fp, *ret = NULL;
208 
209 	if (key == NULL)
210 		return NULL;
211 
212 	if (key_is_cert(key)) {
213 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
214 		    options.fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
215 		xasprintf(&ret, "%s ID %s (serial %llu) CA %s %s%s%s",
216 		    sshkey_type(key), key->cert->key_id,
217 		    (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial,
218 		    sshkey_type(key->cert->signature_key),
219 		    fp == NULL ? "(null)" : fp,
220 		    methinfo == NULL ? "" : ", ",
221 		    methinfo == NULL ? "" : methinfo);
222 		free(fp);
223 	} else {
224 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
225 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
226 		xasprintf(&ret, "%s %s%s%s", sshkey_type(key),
227 		    fp == NULL ? "(null)" : fp,
228 		    methinfo == NULL ? "" : ", ",
229 		    methinfo == NULL ? "" : methinfo);
230 		free(fp);
231 	}
232 	return ret;
233 }
234 
235 void
236 auth_log(Authctxt *authctxt, int authenticated, int partial,
237     const char *method, const char *submethod)
238 {
239 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
240 	void (*authlog) (const char *fmt,...) = verbose;
241 	const char *authmsg;
242 	char *extra = NULL;
243 
244 	if (use_privsep && !mm_is_monitor() && !authctxt->postponed)
245 		return;
246 
247 	/* Raise logging level */
248 	if (authenticated == 1 ||
249 	    !authctxt->valid ||
250 	    authctxt->failures >= options.max_authtries / 2 ||
251 	    strcmp(method, "password") == 0)
252 		authlog = logit;
253 
254 	if (authctxt->postponed)
255 		authmsg = "Postponed";
256 	else if (partial)
257 		authmsg = "Partial";
258 	else
259 		authmsg = authenticated ? "Accepted" : "Failed";
260 
261 	if ((extra = format_method_key(authctxt)) == NULL) {
262 		if (authctxt->auth_method_info != NULL)
263 			extra = xstrdup(authctxt->auth_method_info);
264 	}
265 
266 	authlog("%s %s%s%s for %s%.100s from %.200s port %d ssh2%s%s",
267 	    authmsg,
268 	    method,
269 	    submethod != NULL ? "/" : "", submethod == NULL ? "" : submethod,
270 	    authctxt->valid ? "" : "invalid user ",
271 	    authctxt->user,
272 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh),
273 	    ssh_remote_port(ssh),
274 	    extra != NULL ? ": " : "",
275 	    extra != NULL ? extra : "");
276 
277 	free(extra);
278 }
279 
280 void
281 auth_maxtries_exceeded(Authctxt *authctxt)
282 {
283 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
284 
285 	error("maximum authentication attempts exceeded for "
286 	    "%s%.100s from %.200s port %d ssh2",
287 	    authctxt->valid ? "" : "invalid user ",
288 	    authctxt->user,
289 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh),
290 	    ssh_remote_port(ssh));
291 	packet_disconnect("Too many authentication failures");
292 	/* NOTREACHED */
293 }
294 
295 /*
296  * Check whether root logins are disallowed.
297  */
298 int
299 auth_root_allowed(const char *method)
300 {
301 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
302 
303 	switch (options.permit_root_login) {
304 	case PERMIT_YES:
305 		return 1;
306 	case PERMIT_NO_PASSWD:
307 		if (strcmp(method, "publickey") == 0 ||
308 		    strcmp(method, "hostbased") == 0 ||
309 		    strcmp(method, "gssapi-with-mic") == 0)
310 			return 1;
311 		break;
312 	case PERMIT_FORCED_ONLY:
313 		if (forced_command) {
314 			logit("Root login accepted for forced command.");
315 			return 1;
316 		}
317 		break;
318 	}
319 	logit("ROOT LOGIN REFUSED FROM %.200s port %d",
320 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
321 	return 0;
322 }
323 
324 
325 /*
326  * Given a template and a passwd structure, build a filename
327  * by substituting % tokenised options. Currently, %% becomes '%',
328  * %h becomes the home directory and %u the username.
329  *
330  * This returns a buffer allocated by xmalloc.
331  */
332 char *
333 expand_authorized_keys(const char *filename, struct passwd *pw)
334 {
335 	char *file, ret[PATH_MAX];
336 	int i;
337 
338 	file = percent_expand(filename, "h", pw->pw_dir,
339 	    "u", pw->pw_name, (char *)NULL);
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Ensure that filename starts anchored. If not, be backward
343 	 * compatible and prepend the '%h/'
344 	 */
345 	if (*file == '/')
346 		return (file);
347 
348 	i = snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, file);
349 	if (i < 0 || (size_t)i >= sizeof(ret))
350 		fatal("expand_authorized_keys: path too long");
351 	free(file);
352 	return (xstrdup(ret));
353 }
354 
355 char *
356 authorized_principals_file(struct passwd *pw)
357 {
358 	if (options.authorized_principals_file == NULL)
359 		return NULL;
360 	return expand_authorized_keys(options.authorized_principals_file, pw);
361 }
362 
363 /* return ok if key exists in sysfile or userfile */
364 HostStatus
365 check_key_in_hostfiles(struct passwd *pw, struct sshkey *key, const char *host,
366     const char *sysfile, const char *userfile)
367 {
368 	char *user_hostfile;
369 	struct stat st;
370 	HostStatus host_status;
371 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys;
372 	const struct hostkey_entry *found;
373 
374 	hostkeys = init_hostkeys();
375 	load_hostkeys(hostkeys, host, sysfile);
376 	if (userfile != NULL) {
377 		user_hostfile = tilde_expand_filename(userfile, pw->pw_uid);
378 		if (options.strict_modes &&
379 		    (stat(user_hostfile, &st) == 0) &&
380 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
381 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
382 			logit("Authentication refused for %.100s: "
383 			    "bad owner or modes for %.200s",
384 			    pw->pw_name, user_hostfile);
385 			auth_debug_add("Ignored %.200s: bad ownership or modes",
386 			    user_hostfile);
387 		} else {
388 			temporarily_use_uid(pw);
389 			load_hostkeys(hostkeys, host, user_hostfile);
390 			restore_uid();
391 		}
392 		free(user_hostfile);
393 	}
394 	host_status = check_key_in_hostkeys(hostkeys, key, &found);
395 	if (host_status == HOST_REVOKED)
396 		error("WARNING: revoked key for %s attempted authentication",
397 		    found->host);
398 	else if (host_status == HOST_OK)
399 		debug("%s: key for %s found at %s:%ld", __func__,
400 		    found->host, found->file, found->line);
401 	else
402 		debug("%s: key for host %s not found", __func__, host);
403 
404 	free_hostkeys(hostkeys);
405 
406 	return host_status;
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * Check a given path for security. This is defined as all components
411  * of the path to the file must be owned by either the owner of
412  * of the file or root and no directories must be group or world writable.
413  *
414  * XXX Should any specific check be done for sym links ?
415  *
416  * Takes a file name, its stat information (preferably from fstat() to
417  * avoid races), the uid of the expected owner, their home directory and an
418  * error buffer plus max size as arguments.
419  *
420  * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
421  */
422 int
423 auth_secure_path(const char *name, struct stat *stp, const char *pw_dir,
424     uid_t uid, char *err, size_t errlen)
425 {
426 	char buf[PATH_MAX], homedir[PATH_MAX];
427 	char *cp;
428 	int comparehome = 0;
429 	struct stat st;
430 
431 	if (realpath(name, buf) == NULL) {
432 		snprintf(err, errlen, "realpath %s failed: %s", name,
433 		    strerror(errno));
434 		return -1;
435 	}
436 	if (pw_dir != NULL && realpath(pw_dir, homedir) != NULL)
437 		comparehome = 1;
438 
439 	if (!S_ISREG(stp->st_mode)) {
440 		snprintf(err, errlen, "%s is not a regular file", buf);
441 		return -1;
442 	}
443 	if ((stp->st_uid != 0 && stp->st_uid != uid) ||
444 	    (stp->st_mode & 022) != 0) {
445 		snprintf(err, errlen, "bad ownership or modes for file %s",
446 		    buf);
447 		return -1;
448 	}
449 
450 	/* for each component of the canonical path, walking upwards */
451 	for (;;) {
452 		if ((cp = dirname(buf)) == NULL) {
453 			snprintf(err, errlen, "dirname() failed");
454 			return -1;
455 		}
456 		strlcpy(buf, cp, sizeof(buf));
457 
458 		if (stat(buf, &st) < 0 ||
459 		    (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != uid) ||
460 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) {
461 			snprintf(err, errlen,
462 			    "bad ownership or modes for directory %s", buf);
463 			return -1;
464 		}
465 
466 		/* If are past the homedir then we can stop */
467 		if (comparehome && strcmp(homedir, buf) == 0)
468 			break;
469 
470 		/*
471 		 * dirname should always complete with a "/" path,
472 		 * but we can be paranoid and check for "." too
473 		 */
474 		if ((strcmp("/", buf) == 0) || (strcmp(".", buf) == 0))
475 			break;
476 	}
477 	return 0;
478 }
479 
480 /*
481  * Version of secure_path() that accepts an open file descriptor to
482  * avoid races.
483  *
484  * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
485  */
486 static int
487 secure_filename(FILE *f, const char *file, struct passwd *pw,
488     char *err, size_t errlen)
489 {
490 	struct stat st;
491 
492 	/* check the open file to avoid races */
493 	if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) {
494 		snprintf(err, errlen, "cannot stat file %s: %s",
495 		    file, strerror(errno));
496 		return -1;
497 	}
498 	return auth_secure_path(file, &st, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_uid, err, errlen);
499 }
500 
501 static FILE *
502 auth_openfile(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes,
503     int log_missing, char *file_type)
504 {
505 	char line[1024];
506 	struct stat st;
507 	int fd;
508 	FILE *f;
509 
510 	if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1) {
511 		if (log_missing || errno != ENOENT)
512 			debug("Could not open %s '%s': %s", file_type, file,
513 			   strerror(errno));
514 		return NULL;
515 	}
516 
517 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
518 		close(fd);
519 		return NULL;
520 	}
521 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
522 		logit("User %s %s %s is not a regular file",
523 		    pw->pw_name, file_type, file);
524 		close(fd);
525 		return NULL;
526 	}
527 	unset_nonblock(fd);
528 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
529 		close(fd);
530 		return NULL;
531 	}
532 	if (strict_modes &&
533 	    secure_filename(f, file, pw, line, sizeof(line)) != 0) {
534 		fclose(f);
535 		logit("Authentication refused: %s", line);
536 		auth_debug_add("Ignored %s: %s", file_type, line);
537 		return NULL;
538 	}
539 
540 	return f;
541 }
542 
543 
544 FILE *
545 auth_openkeyfile(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes)
546 {
547 	return auth_openfile(file, pw, strict_modes, 1, "authorized keys");
548 }
549 
550 FILE *
551 auth_openprincipals(const char *file, struct passwd *pw, int strict_modes)
552 {
553 	return auth_openfile(file, pw, strict_modes, 0,
554 	    "authorized principals");
555 }
556 
557 struct passwd *
558 getpwnamallow(const char *user)
559 {
560 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
561 	extern login_cap_t *lc;
562 	auth_session_t *as;
563 	struct passwd *pw;
564 	struct connection_info *ci = get_connection_info(1, options.use_dns);
565 
566 	ci->user = user;
567 	parse_server_match_config(&options, ci);
568 	log_change_level(options.log_level);
569 
570 	pw = getpwnam(user);
571 	if (pw == NULL) {
572 		logit("Invalid user %.100s from %.100s port %d",
573 		    user, ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
574 		return (NULL);
575 	}
576 	if (!allowed_user(pw))
577 		return (NULL);
578 	if ((lc = login_getclass(pw->pw_class)) == NULL) {
579 		debug("unable to get login class: %s", user);
580 		return (NULL);
581 	}
582 	if ((as = auth_open()) == NULL || auth_setpwd(as, pw) != 0 ||
583 	    auth_approval(as, lc, pw->pw_name, "ssh") <= 0) {
584 		debug("Approval failure for %s", user);
585 		pw = NULL;
586 	}
587 	if (as != NULL)
588 		auth_close(as);
589 	if (pw != NULL)
590 		return (pwcopy(pw));
591 	return (NULL);
592 }
593 
594 /* Returns 1 if key is revoked by revoked_keys_file, 0 otherwise */
595 int
596 auth_key_is_revoked(struct sshkey *key)
597 {
598 	char *fp = NULL;
599 	int r;
600 
601 	if (options.revoked_keys_file == NULL)
602 		return 0;
603 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
604 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
605 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
606 		error("%s: fingerprint key: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
607 		goto out;
608 	}
609 
610 	r = sshkey_check_revoked(key, options.revoked_keys_file);
611 	switch (r) {
612 	case 0:
613 		break; /* not revoked */
614 	case SSH_ERR_KEY_REVOKED:
615 		error("Authentication key %s %s revoked by file %s",
616 		    sshkey_type(key), fp, options.revoked_keys_file);
617 		goto out;
618 	default:
619 		error("Error checking authentication key %s %s in "
620 		    "revoked keys file %s: %s", sshkey_type(key), fp,
621 		    options.revoked_keys_file, ssh_err(r));
622 		goto out;
623 	}
624 
625 	/* Success */
626 	r = 0;
627 
628  out:
629 	free(fp);
630 	return r == 0 ? 0 : 1;
631 }
632 
633 void
634 auth_debug_add(const char *fmt,...)
635 {
636 	char buf[1024];
637 	va_list args;
638 
639 	if (!auth_debug_init)
640 		return;
641 
642 	va_start(args, fmt);
643 	vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
644 	va_end(args);
645 	buffer_put_cstring(&auth_debug, buf);
646 }
647 
648 void
649 auth_debug_send(void)
650 {
651 	char *msg;
652 
653 	if (!auth_debug_init)
654 		return;
655 	while (buffer_len(&auth_debug)) {
656 		msg = buffer_get_string(&auth_debug, NULL);
657 		packet_send_debug("%s", msg);
658 		free(msg);
659 	}
660 }
661 
662 void
663 auth_debug_reset(void)
664 {
665 	if (auth_debug_init)
666 		buffer_clear(&auth_debug);
667 	else {
668 		buffer_init(&auth_debug);
669 		auth_debug_init = 1;
670 	}
671 }
672 
673 struct passwd *
674 fakepw(void)
675 {
676 	static struct passwd fake;
677 
678 	memset(&fake, 0, sizeof(fake));
679 	fake.pw_name = "NOUSER";
680 	fake.pw_passwd =
681 	    "$2a$06$r3.juUaHZDlIbQaO2dS9FuYxL1W9M81R1Tc92PoSNmzvpEqLkLGrK";
682 	fake.pw_gecos = "NOUSER";
683 	fake.pw_uid = (uid_t)-1;
684 	fake.pw_gid = (gid_t)-1;
685 	fake.pw_class = "";
686 	fake.pw_dir = "/nonexist";
687 	fake.pw_shell = "/nonexist";
688 
689 	return (&fake);
690 }
691 
692 /*
693  * Returns the remote DNS hostname as a string. The returned string must not
694  * be freed. NB. this will usually trigger a DNS query the first time it is
695  * called.
696  * This function does additional checks on the hostname to mitigate some
697  * attacks on legacy rhosts-style authentication.
698  * XXX is RhostsRSAAuthentication vulnerable to these?
699  * XXX Can we remove these checks? (or if not, remove RhostsRSAAuthentication?)
700  */
701 
702 static char *
703 remote_hostname(struct ssh *ssh)
704 {
705 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
706 	socklen_t fromlen;
707 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai, *aitop;
708 	char name[NI_MAXHOST], ntop2[NI_MAXHOST];
709 	const char *ntop = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
710 
711 	/* Get IP address of client. */
712 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
713 	memset(&from, 0, sizeof(from));
714 	if (getpeername(ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh),
715 	    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen) < 0) {
716 		debug("getpeername failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
717 		return strdup(ntop);
718 	}
719 
720 	debug3("Trying to reverse map address %.100s.", ntop);
721 	/* Map the IP address to a host name. */
722 	if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&from, fromlen, name, sizeof(name),
723 	    NULL, 0, NI_NAMEREQD) != 0) {
724 		/* Host name not found.  Use ip address. */
725 		return strdup(ntop);
726 	}
727 
728 	/*
729 	 * if reverse lookup result looks like a numeric hostname,
730 	 * someone is trying to trick us by PTR record like following:
731 	 *	1.1.1.10.in-addr.arpa.	IN PTR	2.3.4.5
732 	 */
733 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
734 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;	/*dummy*/
735 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
736 	if (getaddrinfo(name, NULL, &hints, &ai) == 0) {
737 		logit("Nasty PTR record \"%s\" is set up for %s, ignoring",
738 		    name, ntop);
739 		freeaddrinfo(ai);
740 		return strdup(ntop);
741 	}
742 
743 	/* Names are stored in lowercase. */
744 	lowercase(name);
745 
746 	/*
747 	 * Map it back to an IP address and check that the given
748 	 * address actually is an address of this host.  This is
749 	 * necessary because anyone with access to a name server can
750 	 * define arbitrary names for an IP address. Mapping from
751 	 * name to IP address can be trusted better (but can still be
752 	 * fooled if the intruder has access to the name server of
753 	 * the domain).
754 	 */
755 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
756 	hints.ai_family = from.ss_family;
757 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
758 	if (getaddrinfo(name, NULL, &hints, &aitop) != 0) {
759 		logit("reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for %.700s "
760 		    "[%s] failed.", name, ntop);
761 		return strdup(ntop);
762 	}
763 	/* Look for the address from the list of addresses. */
764 	for (ai = aitop; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
765 		if (getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen, ntop2,
766 		    sizeof(ntop2), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0 &&
767 		    (strcmp(ntop, ntop2) == 0))
768 				break;
769 	}
770 	freeaddrinfo(aitop);
771 	/* If we reached the end of the list, the address was not there. */
772 	if (ai == NULL) {
773 		/* Address not found for the host name. */
774 		logit("Address %.100s maps to %.600s, but this does not "
775 		    "map back to the address.", ntop, name);
776 		return strdup(ntop);
777 	}
778 	return strdup(name);
779 }
780 
781 /*
782  * Return the canonical name of the host in the other side of the current
783  * connection.  The host name is cached, so it is efficient to call this
784  * several times.
785  */
786 
787 const char *
788 auth_get_canonical_hostname(struct ssh *ssh, int use_dns)
789 {
790 	static char *dnsname;
791 
792 	if (!use_dns)
793 		return ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
794 	else if (dnsname != NULL)
795 		return dnsname;
796 	else {
797 		dnsname = remote_hostname(ssh);
798 		return dnsname;
799 	}
800 }
801