xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/ssh/ssh-pkcs11-client.c (revision 09467b48)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-pkcs11-client.c,v 1.16 2020/01/25 00:03:36 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2010 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 Pedro Martelletto. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #include <sys/types.h>
20 #include <sys/time.h>
21 #include <sys/socket.h>
22 
23 #include <stdarg.h>
24 #include <string.h>
25 #include <unistd.h>
26 #include <errno.h>
27 
28 #include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
29 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
30 
31 #include "pathnames.h"
32 #include "xmalloc.h"
33 #include "sshbuf.h"
34 #include "log.h"
35 #include "misc.h"
36 #include "sshkey.h"
37 #include "authfd.h"
38 #include "atomicio.h"
39 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
40 #include "ssherr.h"
41 
42 /* borrows code from sftp-server and ssh-agent */
43 
44 static int fd = -1;
45 static pid_t pid = -1;
46 
47 static void
48 send_msg(struct sshbuf *m)
49 {
50 	u_char buf[4];
51 	size_t mlen = sshbuf_len(m);
52 	int r;
53 
54 	POKE_U32(buf, mlen);
55 	if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, buf, 4) != 4 ||
56 	    atomicio(vwrite, fd, sshbuf_mutable_ptr(m),
57 	    sshbuf_len(m)) != sshbuf_len(m))
58 		error("write to helper failed");
59 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(m, mlen)) != 0)
60 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
61 }
62 
63 static int
64 recv_msg(struct sshbuf *m)
65 {
66 	u_int l, len;
67 	u_char c, buf[1024];
68 	int r;
69 
70 	if ((len = atomicio(read, fd, buf, 4)) != 4) {
71 		error("read from helper failed: %u", len);
72 		return (0); /* XXX */
73 	}
74 	len = PEEK_U32(buf);
75 	if (len > 256 * 1024)
76 		fatal("response too long: %u", len);
77 	/* read len bytes into m */
78 	sshbuf_reset(m);
79 	while (len > 0) {
80 		l = len;
81 		if (l > sizeof(buf))
82 			l = sizeof(buf);
83 		if (atomicio(read, fd, buf, l) != l) {
84 			error("response from helper failed.");
85 			return (0); /* XXX */
86 		}
87 		if ((r = sshbuf_put(m, buf, l)) != 0)
88 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
89 		len -= l;
90 	}
91 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(m, &c)) != 0)
92 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
93 	return c;
94 }
95 
96 int
97 pkcs11_init(int interactive)
98 {
99 	return (0);
100 }
101 
102 void
103 pkcs11_terminate(void)
104 {
105 	if (fd >= 0)
106 		close(fd);
107 }
108 
109 static int
110 rsa_encrypt(int flen, const u_char *from, u_char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
111 {
112 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
113 	struct sshbuf *msg = NULL;
114 	u_char *blob = NULL, *signature = NULL;
115 	size_t blen, slen = 0;
116 	int r, ret = -1;
117 
118 	if (padding != RSA_PKCS1_PADDING)
119 		goto fail;
120 	key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
121 	if (key == NULL) {
122 		error("%s: sshkey_new failed", __func__);
123 		goto fail;
124 	}
125 	key->type = KEY_RSA;
126 	RSA_up_ref(rsa);
127 	key->rsa = rsa;
128 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(key, &blob, &blen)) != 0) {
129 		error("%s: sshkey_to_blob: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
130 		goto fail;
131 	}
132 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
133 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
134 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_AGENTC_SIGN_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
135 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, blob, blen)) != 0 ||
136 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, from, flen)) != 0 ||
137 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, 0)) != 0)
138 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
139 	send_msg(msg);
140 	sshbuf_reset(msg);
141 
142 	if (recv_msg(msg) == SSH2_AGENT_SIGN_RESPONSE) {
143 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &signature, &slen)) != 0)
144 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
145 		if (slen <= (size_t)RSA_size(rsa)) {
146 			memcpy(to, signature, slen);
147 			ret = slen;
148 		}
149 		free(signature);
150 	}
151  fail:
152 	free(blob);
153 	sshkey_free(key);
154 	sshbuf_free(msg);
155 	return (ret);
156 }
157 
158 static ECDSA_SIG *
159 ecdsa_do_sign(const unsigned char *dgst, int dgst_len, const BIGNUM *inv,
160     const BIGNUM *rp, EC_KEY *ec)
161 {
162 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
163 	struct sshbuf *msg = NULL;
164 	ECDSA_SIG *ret = NULL;
165 	const u_char *cp;
166 	u_char *blob = NULL, *signature = NULL;
167 	size_t blen, slen = 0;
168 	int r, nid;
169 
170 	nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(ec);
171 	if (nid < 0) {
172 		error("%s: couldn't get curve nid", __func__);
173 		goto fail;
174 	}
175 
176 	key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
177 	if (key == NULL) {
178 		error("%s: sshkey_new failed", __func__);
179 		goto fail;
180 	}
181 	key->ecdsa = ec;
182 	key->ecdsa_nid = nid;
183 	key->type = KEY_ECDSA;
184 	EC_KEY_up_ref(ec);
185 
186 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(key, &blob, &blen)) != 0) {
187 		error("%s: sshkey_to_blob: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
188 		goto fail;
189 	}
190 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
191 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
192 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_AGENTC_SIGN_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
193 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, blob, blen)) != 0 ||
194 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, dgst, dgst_len)) != 0 ||
195 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, 0)) != 0)
196 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
197 	send_msg(msg);
198 	sshbuf_reset(msg);
199 
200 	if (recv_msg(msg) == SSH2_AGENT_SIGN_RESPONSE) {
201 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &signature, &slen)) != 0)
202 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
203 		cp = signature;
204 		ret = d2i_ECDSA_SIG(NULL, &cp, slen);
205 		free(signature);
206 	}
207 
208  fail:
209 	free(blob);
210 	sshkey_free(key);
211 	sshbuf_free(msg);
212 	return (ret);
213 }
214 
215 static RSA_METHOD	*helper_rsa;
216 static EC_KEY_METHOD	*helper_ecdsa;
217 
218 /* redirect private key crypto operations to the ssh-pkcs11-helper */
219 static void
220 wrap_key(struct sshkey *k)
221 {
222 	if (k->type == KEY_RSA)
223 		RSA_set_method(k->rsa, helper_rsa);
224 	else if (k->type == KEY_ECDSA)
225 		EC_KEY_set_method(k->ecdsa, helper_ecdsa);
226 	else
227 		fatal("%s: unknown key type", __func__);
228 }
229 
230 static int
231 pkcs11_start_helper_methods(void)
232 {
233 	if (helper_ecdsa != NULL)
234 		return (0);
235 
236 	int (*orig_sign)(int, const unsigned char *, int, unsigned char *,
237 	    unsigned int *, const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, EC_KEY *) = NULL;
238 	if (helper_ecdsa != NULL)
239 		return (0);
240 	helper_ecdsa = EC_KEY_METHOD_new(EC_KEY_OpenSSL());
241 	if (helper_ecdsa == NULL)
242 		return (-1);
243 	EC_KEY_METHOD_get_sign(helper_ecdsa, &orig_sign, NULL, NULL);
244 	EC_KEY_METHOD_set_sign(helper_ecdsa, orig_sign, NULL, ecdsa_do_sign);
245 
246 	if ((helper_rsa = RSA_meth_dup(RSA_get_default_method())) == NULL)
247 		fatal("%s: RSA_meth_dup failed", __func__);
248 	if (!RSA_meth_set1_name(helper_rsa, "ssh-pkcs11-helper") ||
249 	    !RSA_meth_set_priv_enc(helper_rsa, rsa_encrypt))
250 		fatal("%s: failed to prepare method", __func__);
251 
252 	return (0);
253 }
254 
255 static int
256 pkcs11_start_helper(void)
257 {
258 	int pair[2];
259 	char *helper, *verbosity = NULL;
260 
261 	if (log_level_get() >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1)
262 		verbosity = "-vvv";
263 
264 	if (pkcs11_start_helper_methods() == -1) {
265 		error("pkcs11_start_helper_methods failed");
266 		return (-1);
267 	}
268 
269 	if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, pair) == -1) {
270 		error("socketpair: %s", strerror(errno));
271 		return (-1);
272 	}
273 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
274 		error("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
275 		return (-1);
276 	} else if (pid == 0) {
277 		if ((dup2(pair[1], STDIN_FILENO) == -1) ||
278 		    (dup2(pair[1], STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)) {
279 			fprintf(stderr, "dup2: %s\n", strerror(errno));
280 			_exit(1);
281 		}
282 		close(pair[0]);
283 		close(pair[1]);
284 		helper = getenv("SSH_PKCS11_HELPER");
285 		if (helper == NULL || strlen(helper) == 0)
286 			helper = _PATH_SSH_PKCS11_HELPER;
287 		debug("%s: starting %s %s", __func__, helper,
288 		    verbosity == NULL ? "" : verbosity);
289 		execlp(helper, helper, verbosity, (char *)NULL);
290 		fprintf(stderr, "exec: %s: %s\n", helper, strerror(errno));
291 		_exit(1);
292 	}
293 	close(pair[1]);
294 	fd = pair[0];
295 	return (0);
296 }
297 
298 int
299 pkcs11_add_provider(char *name, char *pin, struct sshkey ***keysp,
300     char ***labelsp)
301 {
302 	struct sshkey *k;
303 	int r, type;
304 	u_char *blob;
305 	char *label;
306 	size_t blen;
307 	u_int nkeys, i;
308 	struct sshbuf *msg;
309 
310 	if (fd < 0 && pkcs11_start_helper() < 0)
311 		return (-1);
312 
313 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
314 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
315 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH_AGENTC_ADD_SMARTCARD_KEY)) != 0 ||
316 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, name)) != 0 ||
317 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, pin)) != 0)
318 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
319 	send_msg(msg);
320 	sshbuf_reset(msg);
321 
322 	type = recv_msg(msg);
323 	if (type == SSH2_AGENT_IDENTITIES_ANSWER) {
324 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &nkeys)) != 0)
325 			fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
326 		*keysp = xcalloc(nkeys, sizeof(struct sshkey *));
327 		if (labelsp)
328 			*labelsp = xcalloc(nkeys, sizeof(char *));
329 		for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
330 			/* XXX clean up properly instead of fatal() */
331 			if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &blob, &blen)) != 0 ||
332 			    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &label, NULL)) != 0)
333 				fatal("%s: buffer error: %s",
334 				    __func__, ssh_err(r));
335 			if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(blob, blen, &k)) != 0)
336 				fatal("%s: bad key: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
337 			wrap_key(k);
338 			(*keysp)[i] = k;
339 			if (labelsp)
340 				(*labelsp)[i] = label;
341 			else
342 				free(label);
343 			free(blob);
344 		}
345 	} else if (type == SSH2_AGENT_FAILURE) {
346 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &nkeys)) != 0)
347 			nkeys = -1;
348 	} else {
349 		nkeys = -1;
350 	}
351 	sshbuf_free(msg);
352 	return (nkeys);
353 }
354 
355 int
356 pkcs11_del_provider(char *name)
357 {
358 	int r, ret = -1;
359 	struct sshbuf *msg;
360 
361 	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
362 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
363 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH_AGENTC_REMOVE_SMARTCARD_KEY)) != 0 ||
364 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, name)) != 0 ||
365 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "")) != 0)
366 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
367 	send_msg(msg);
368 	sshbuf_reset(msg);
369 
370 	if (recv_msg(msg) == SSH_AGENT_SUCCESS)
371 		ret = 0;
372 	sshbuf_free(msg);
373 	return (ret);
374 }
375