xref: /openbsd/usr.bin/su/su.c (revision 9b7c3dbb)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: su.c,v 1.70 2015/10/30 19:45:03 miod Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/time.h>
33 #include <sys/resource.h>
34 
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <grp.h>
38 #include <login_cap.h>
39 #include <paths.h>
40 #include <pwd.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <syslog.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 #include <limits.h>
47 #include <utmp.h>
48 #include <stdarg.h>
49 #include <bsd_auth.h>
50 
51 char   *getloginname(void);
52 char   *ontty(void);
53 int	chshell(const char *);
54 int	verify_user(char *, struct passwd *, char *, login_cap_t *,
55 	    auth_session_t *);
56 void	usage(void);
57 void	auth_err(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
58 void	auth_errx(auth_session_t *, int, const char *, ...);
59 
60 int
61 main(int argc, char **argv)
62 {
63 	int asme = 0, asthem = 0, ch, fastlogin = 0, emlogin = 0, prio;
64 	int altshell = 0, homeless = 0;
65 	char *user, *shell = NULL, *avshell, *username, **np;
66 	char *class = NULL, *style = NULL, *p;
67 	enum { UNSET, YES, NO } iscsh = UNSET;
68 	char avshellbuf[PATH_MAX];
69 	extern char **environ;
70 	auth_session_t *as;
71 	struct passwd *pwd;
72 	login_cap_t *lc;
73 	uid_t ruid;
74 	u_int flags;
75 
76 	if (pledge("stdio rpath getpw proc exec id", NULL) == -1)
77 		err(1, "pledge");
78 
79 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "a:c:fKLlms:-")) != -1)
80 		switch (ch) {
81 		case 'a':
82 			if (style)
83 				usage();
84 			style = optarg;
85 			break;
86 		case 'c':
87 			if (class)
88 				usage();
89 			class = optarg;
90 			break;
91 		case 'f':
92 			fastlogin = 1;
93 			break;
94 		case 'K':
95 			if (style)
96 				usage();
97 			style = "passwd";
98 			break;
99 		case 'L':
100 			emlogin = 1;
101 			break;
102 		case 'l':
103 		case '-':
104 			asme = 0;
105 			asthem = 1;
106 			break;
107 		case 'm':
108 			asme = 1;
109 			asthem = 0;
110 			break;
111 		case 's':
112 			altshell = 1;
113 			shell = optarg;
114 			break;
115 		default:
116 			usage();
117 		}
118 	argv += optind;
119 
120 	errno = 0;
121 	prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
122 	if (errno)
123 		prio = 0;
124 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -2);
125 	openlog("su", LOG_CONS, 0);
126 
127 	if ((as = auth_open()) == NULL) {
128 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "auth_open: %m");
129 		err(1, "unable to initialize BSD authentication");
130 	}
131 	auth_setoption(as, "login", "yes");
132 
133 	/* get current login name and shell */
134 	ruid = getuid();
135 	username = getlogin();
136 
137 	if (ruid && class)
138 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login class");
139 
140 	if (ruid && altshell)
141 		auth_errx(as, 1, "only the superuser may specify a login shell");
142 
143 	if (username != NULL)
144 		auth_setoption(as, "invokinguser", username);
145 
146 	if (username == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(username)) == NULL ||
147 	    pwd->pw_uid != ruid)
148 		pwd = getpwuid(ruid);
149 	if (pwd == NULL)
150 		auth_errx(as, 1, "who are you?");
151 	if ((username = strdup(pwd->pw_name)) == NULL)
152 		auth_errx(as, 1, "can't allocate memory");
153 	if (asme && !altshell) {
154 		if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
155 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
156 				auth_errx(as, 1, "can't allocate memory");
157 		} else {
158 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
159 			iscsh = NO;
160 		}
161 	}
162 
163 	for (;;) {
164 		/* get target user, default to root unless in -L mode */
165 		if (*argv) {
166 			user = *argv;
167 		} else if (emlogin) {
168 			if ((user = getloginname()) == NULL) {
169 				auth_close(as);
170 				exit(1);
171 			}
172 		} else {
173 			user = "root";
174 		}
175 		/* style may be specified as part of the username */
176 		if ((p = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL) {
177 			*p++ = '\0';
178 			style = p;	/* XXX overrides -a flag */
179 		}
180 
181 		/*
182 		 * Clean and setup our current authentication session.
183 		 * Note that options *are* not cleared.
184 		 */
185 		auth_clean(as);
186 		if (auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_INTERACTIVE, "True") != 0 ||
187 		    auth_setitem(as, AUTHV_NAME, user) != 0)
188 			auth_errx(as, 1, "can't allocate memory");
189 		if ((user = auth_getitem(as, AUTHV_NAME)) == NULL)
190 			auth_errx(as, 1, "internal error");
191 		if (auth_setpwd(as, NULL) || (pwd = auth_getpwd(as)) == NULL) {
192 			if (emlogin)
193 				pwd = NULL;
194 			else
195 				auth_errx(as, 1, "unknown login %s", user);
196 		}
197 
198 		/* If the user specified a login class, use it */
199 		if (!class && pwd && pwd->pw_class && pwd->pw_class[0] != '\0')
200 			class = strdup(pwd->pw_class);
201 		if ((lc = login_getclass(class)) == NULL)
202 			auth_errx(as, 1, "no such login class: %s",
203 			    class ? class : LOGIN_DEFCLASS);
204 
205 		if ((ruid == 0 && !emlogin) ||
206 		    verify_user(username, pwd, style, lc, as) == 0)
207 			break;
208 		syslog(LOG_AUTH|LOG_WARNING, "BAD SU %s to %s%s",
209 		    username, user, ontty());
210 		if (!emlogin) {
211 			fprintf(stderr, "Sorry\n");
212 			auth_close(as);
213 			exit(1);
214 		}
215 		fprintf(stderr, "Login incorrect\n");
216 	}
217 
218 	if (pledge("stdio rpath getpw exec id", NULL) == -1)
219 		err(1, "pledge");
220 
221 	if (!altshell) {
222 		if (asme) {
223 			/* if asme and non-std target shell, must be root */
224 			if (ruid && !chshell(shell))
225 				auth_errx(as, 1, "permission denied (shell).");
226 		} else if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
227 			if ((shell = strdup(pwd->pw_shell)) == NULL)
228 				auth_errx(as, 1, "can't allocate memory");
229 			iscsh = UNSET;
230 		} else {
231 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
232 			iscsh = NO;
233 		}
234 	}
235 
236 	if ((p = strrchr(shell, '/')))
237 		avshell = p+1;
238 	else
239 		avshell = shell;
240 
241 	/* if we're forking a csh, we want to slightly muck the args */
242 	if (iscsh == UNSET)
243 		iscsh = strcmp(avshell, "csh") ? NO : YES;
244 
245 	if (!asme) {
246 		if (asthem) {
247 			p = getenv("TERM");
248 			if ((environ = calloc(1, sizeof (char *))) == NULL)
249 				auth_errx(as, 1, "calloc");
250 			if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH))
251 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
252 			if (p && setenv("TERM", p, 1) == -1)
253 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
254 
255 			setegid(pwd->pw_gid);
256 			seteuid(pwd->pw_uid);
257 
258 			homeless = chdir(pwd->pw_dir);
259 			if (homeless) {
260 				if (login_getcapbool(lc, "requirehome", 0)) {
261 					auth_err(as, 1, "%s", pwd->pw_dir);
262 				} else {
263 					printf("No home directory %s!\n", pwd->pw_dir);
264 					printf("Logging in with home = \"/\".\n");
265 					if (chdir("/") < 0)
266 						auth_err(as, 1, "/");
267 				}
268 			}
269 			setegid(0);	/* XXX use a saved gid instead? */
270 			seteuid(0);
271 		} else if (pwd->pw_uid == 0) {
272 			if (setusercontext(lc,
273 			    pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETPATH|LOGIN_SETUMASK))
274 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
275 		}
276 		if (asthem || pwd->pw_uid) {
277 			if (setenv("LOGNAME", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1 ||
278 			    setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1) == -1)
279 				auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
280 		}
281 		if (setenv("HOME", homeless ? "/" : pwd->pw_dir, 1) == -1 ||
282 		    setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
283 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
284 	} else if (altshell) {
285 		if (setenv("SHELL", shell, 1) == -1)
286 			auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set environment");
287 	}
288 
289 	np = *argv ? argv : argv - 1;
290 	if (iscsh == YES) {
291 		if (fastlogin)
292 			*np-- = "-f";
293 		if (asme)
294 			*np-- = "-m";
295 	}
296 
297 	if (asthem) {
298 		avshellbuf[0] = '-';
299 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
300 		avshell = avshellbuf;
301 	} else if (iscsh == YES) {
302 		/* csh strips the first character... */
303 		avshellbuf[0] = '_';
304 		strlcpy(avshellbuf+1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
305 		avshell = avshellbuf;
306 	}
307 
308 	*np = avshell;
309 
310 	if (ruid != 0)
311 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH, "%s to %s%s",
312 		    username, user, ontty());
313 
314 	setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, prio);
315 	if (emlogin) {
316 		flags = LOGIN_SETALL & ~LOGIN_SETPATH;
317 		/*
318 		 * Only call setlogin() if this process is a session leader.
319 		 * In practice, this means the login name will be set only if
320 		 * we are exec'd by a shell.  This is important because
321 		 * otherwise the parent shell's login name would change too.
322 		 */
323 		if (getsid(0) != getpid())
324 			flags &= ~LOGIN_SETLOGIN;
325 	} else {
326 		flags = LOGIN_SETRESOURCES|LOGIN_SETGROUP|LOGIN_SETUSER;
327 		if (asthem)
328 			flags |= LOGIN_SETENV|LOGIN_SETPRIORITY|LOGIN_SETUMASK;
329 	}
330 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, flags) != 0)
331 		auth_err(as, 1, "unable to set user context");
332 
333 	if (pledge("stdio rpath exec", NULL) == -1)
334 		err(1, "pledge");
335 
336 	if (pwd->pw_uid && auth_approval(as, lc, pwd->pw_name, "su") <= 0)
337 		auth_err(as, 1, "approval failure");
338 	auth_close(as);
339 
340 	execv(shell, np);
341 	err(1, "%s", shell);
342 }
343 
344 int
345 verify_user(char *from, struct passwd *pwd, char *style,
346     login_cap_t *lc, auth_session_t *as)
347 {
348 	struct group *gr;
349 	char **g, *cp;
350 	int authok;
351 
352 	/*
353 	 * If we are trying to become root and the default style
354 	 * is being used, don't bother to look it up (we might be
355 	 * be su'ing up to fix /etc/login.conf)
356 	 */
357 	if ((pwd == NULL || pwd->pw_uid != 0 || style == NULL ||
358 	    strcmp(style, LOGIN_DEFSTYLE) != 0) &&
359 	    (style = login_getstyle(lc, style, "auth-su")) == NULL)
360 		auth_errx(as, 1, "invalid authentication type");
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * Let the authentication program know whether they are
364 	 * in group wheel or not (if trying to become super user)
365 	 */
366 	if (pwd != NULL && pwd->pw_uid == 0 && (gr = getgrgid(0)) != NULL &&
367 	    gr->gr_mem != NULL && *(gr->gr_mem) != NULL) {
368 		for (g = gr->gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
369 			if (strcmp(from, *g) == 0) {
370 				auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "yes");
371 				break;
372 			}
373 		}
374 		if (!*g)
375 			auth_setoption(as, "wheel", "no");
376 	}
377 
378 	auth_verify(as, style, NULL, lc->lc_class, (char *)NULL);
379 	authok = auth_getstate(as);
380 	if ((authok & AUTH_ALLOW) == 0) {
381 		if ((cp = auth_getvalue(as, "errormsg")) != NULL)
382 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", cp);
383 		return(1);
384 	}
385 	return(0);
386 }
387 
388 int
389 chshell(const char *sh)
390 {
391 	char *cp;
392 	int found = 0;
393 
394 	setusershell();
395 	while ((cp = getusershell()) != NULL) {
396 		if (strcmp(cp, sh) == 0) {
397 			found = 1;
398 			break;
399 		}
400 	}
401 	endusershell();
402 	return (found);
403 }
404 
405 char *
406 ontty(void)
407 {
408 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 4];
409 	char *p;
410 
411 	buf[0] = 0;
412 	if ((p = ttyname(STDERR_FILENO)))
413 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), " on %s", p);
414 	return (buf);
415 }
416 
417 /*
418  * Allow for a '.' and 16 characters for any instance as well as
419  * space for a ':' and 16 characters defining the authentication type.
420  */
421 #define NBUFSIZ		(UT_NAMESIZE + 1 + 16 + 1 + 16)
422 
423 char *
424 getloginname(void)
425 {
426 	static char nbuf[NBUFSIZ], *p;
427 	int ch;
428 
429 	for (;;) {
430 		printf("login: ");
431 		for (p = nbuf; (ch = getchar()) != '\n'; ) {
432 			if (ch == EOF)
433 				return (NULL);
434 			if (p < nbuf + (NBUFSIZ - 1))
435 				*p++ = ch;
436 		}
437 		if (p > nbuf) {
438 			if (nbuf[0] == '-') {
439 				fprintf(stderr,
440 				    "login names may not start with '-'.\n");
441 			} else {
442 				*p = '\0';
443 				break;
444 			}
445 		}
446 	}
447 	return (nbuf);
448 }
449 
450 void
451 usage(void)
452 {
453 	extern char *__progname;
454 
455 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-fKLlm] [-a auth-type] [-c login-class] "
456 	    "[-s login-shell]\n"
457 	    "%-*s[login [shell arguments]]\n", __progname,
458 	    (int)strlen(__progname) + 8, "");
459 	exit(1);
460 }
461 
462 void
463 auth_err(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
464 {
465 	va_list ap;
466 
467 	va_start(ap, fmt);
468 	vwarn(fmt, ap);
469 	va_end(ap);
470 	auth_close(as);
471 	exit(eval);
472 }
473 
474 void
475 auth_errx(auth_session_t *as, int eval, const char *fmt, ...)
476 {
477 	va_list ap;
478 
479 	va_start(ap, fmt);
480 	vwarnx(fmt, ap);
481 	va_end(ap);
482 	auth_close(as);
483 	exit(eval);
484 }
485