xref: /openbsd/usr.sbin/zic/zic.c (revision f6aab3d8)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: zic.c,v 1.26 2020/10/13 00:18:46 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 /*
3 ** This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 ** 2006-07-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5 */
6 
7 #include <sys/types.h>
8 #include <sys/wait.h>
9 #include <sys/stat.h>
10 #include <ctype.h>
11 #include <err.h>
12 #include <errno.h>
13 #include <limits.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <string.h>
17 #include <stdint.h>
18 #include <unistd.h>
19 #include <time.h>
20 
21 #include "tzfile.h"
22 
23 #define TRUE	1
24 #define FALSE	0
25 
26 #define TYPE_SIGNED(type) (((type) -1) < 0)
27 
28 #define YEARSPERREPEAT	400	/* years before a Gregorian repeat */
29 
30 #define GRANDPARENTED   "Local time zone must be set--see zic manual page"
31 
32 #define	ZIC_VERSION	'2'
33 
34 typedef int_fast64_t	zic_t;
35 
36 #ifndef ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN
37 #define ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN	6
38 #endif /* !defined ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN */
39 
40 #define MKDIR_UMASK (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH)
41 
42 #define OFFSET_STRLEN_MAXIMUM	(7 + INT_STRLEN_MAXIMUM(long))
43 #define RULE_STRLEN_MAXIMUM	8	/* "Mdd.dd.d" */
44 
45 #define end(cp, n)	(memchr((cp), '\0', (n)))
46 
47 struct rule {
48 	const char	*r_filename;
49 	int		r_linenum;
50 	const char	*r_name;
51 
52 	int		r_loyear;	/* for example, 1986 */
53 	int		r_hiyear;	/* for example, 1986 */
54 	int		r_lowasnum;
55 	int		r_hiwasnum;
56 
57 	int		r_month;	/* 0..11 */
58 
59 	int		r_dycode;	/* see below */
60 	int		r_dayofmonth;
61 	int		r_wday;
62 
63 	long		r_tod;		/* time from midnight */
64 	int		r_todisstd;	/* above is standard time if TRUE */
65 					/* or wall clock time if FALSE */
66 	int		r_todisgmt;	/* above is GMT if TRUE */
67 					/* or local time if FALSE */
68 	long		r_stdoff;	/* offset from standard time */
69 	const char	*r_abbrvar;	/* variable part of abbreviation */
70 
71 	int		r_todo;		/* a rule to do (used in outzone) */
72 	zic_t		r_temp;		/* used in outzone */
73 };
74 
75 /*
76 **	r_dycode		r_dayofmonth	r_wday
77 */
78 
79 #define DC_DOM		0	/* 1..31 */	/* unused */
80 #define DC_DOWGEQ	1	/* 1..31 */	/* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */
81 #define DC_DOWLEQ	2	/* 1..31 */	/* 0..6 (Sun..Sat) */
82 
83 struct zone {
84 	const char	*z_filename;
85 	int		z_linenum;
86 
87 	const char	*z_name;
88 	long		z_gmtoff;
89 	const char	*z_rule;
90 	const char	*z_format;
91 
92 	long		z_stdoff;
93 
94 	struct rule	*z_rules;
95 	int		z_nrules;
96 
97 	struct rule	z_untilrule;
98 	zic_t		z_untiltime;
99 };
100 
101 static void	addtt(zic_t starttime, int type);
102 static int	addtype(long gmtoff, const char *abbr, int isdst,
103 	    int ttisstd, int ttisgmt);
104 static void	leapadd(zic_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count);
105 static void	adjleap(void);
106 static void	associate(void);
107 static void	convert(long val, char *buf);
108 static void	convert64(zic_t val, char *buf);
109 static void	dolink(const char *fromfield, const char *tofield);
110 static void	doabbr(char *abbr, size_t size, const char *format,
111 	    const char *letters, int isdst, int doquotes);
112 static void	eat(const char *name, int num);
113 static void	eats(const char *name, int num, const char *rname, int rnum);
114 static long	eitol(int i);
115 static void	error(const char *message);
116 static char	**getfields(char *buf);
117 static long	gethms(const char *string, const char *errstrng, int signable);
118 static void	infile(const char *filename);
119 static void	inleap(char **fields, int nfields);
120 static void	inlink(char **fields, int nfields);
121 static void	inrule(char **fields, int nfields);
122 static int	inzcont(char **fields, int nfields);
123 static int	inzone(char **fields, int nfields);
124 static int	inzsub(char **fields, int nfields, int iscont);
125 static int	is32(zic_t x);
126 static int	itsabbr(const char *abbr, const char *word);
127 static int	itsdir(const char *name);
128 static int	mkdirs(char *filename);
129 static void	newabbr(const char *abbr);
130 static long	oadd(long t1, long t2);
131 static void	outzone(const struct zone *zp, int ntzones);
132 static void	puttzcode(long code, FILE *fp);
133 static void	puttzcode64(zic_t code, FILE *fp);
134 static int	rcomp(const void *leftp, const void *rightp);
135 static zic_t	rpytime(const struct rule *rp, int wantedy);
136 static void	rulesub(struct rule *rp, const char *loyearp, const char *hiyearp,
137 	    const char *typep, const char *monthp,
138 	    const char *dayp, const char *timep);
139 static int	stringoffset(char *result, size_t size, long offset);
140 static int	stringrule(char *result, size_t size, const struct rule *rp,
141 	    long dstoff, long gmtoff);
142 static void	stringzone(char *result, size_t size,
143 	    const struct zone *zp, int ntzones);
144 static void	setboundaries(void);
145 static zic_t	tadd(zic_t t1, long t2);
146 static void	usage(void);
147 static void	writezone(const char *name, const char *string);
148 
149 extern char	*__progname;
150 
151 static int		charcnt;
152 static int		errors;
153 static const char	*filename;
154 static int		leapcnt;
155 static int		leapseen;
156 static int		leapminyear;
157 static int		leapmaxyear;
158 static int		linenum;
159 static int		max_abbrvar_len;
160 static int		max_format_len;
161 static zic_t		max_time;
162 static int		max_year;
163 static zic_t		min_time;
164 static int		min_year;
165 static int		noise;
166 static const char	*rfilename;
167 static int		rlinenum;
168 static int		timecnt;
169 static int		typecnt;
170 
171 /*
172 ** Line codes.
173 */
174 
175 #define LC_RULE		0
176 #define LC_ZONE		1
177 #define LC_LINK		2
178 #define LC_LEAP		3
179 
180 /*
181 ** Which fields are which on a Zone line.
182 */
183 
184 #define ZF_NAME		1
185 #define ZF_GMTOFF	2
186 #define ZF_RULE		3
187 #define ZF_FORMAT	4
188 #define ZF_TILYEAR	5
189 #define ZF_TILMONTH	6
190 #define ZF_TILDAY	7
191 #define ZF_TILTIME	8
192 #define ZONE_MINFIELDS	5
193 #define ZONE_MAXFIELDS	9
194 
195 /*
196 ** Which fields are which on a Zone continuation line.
197 */
198 
199 #define ZFC_GMTOFF	0
200 #define ZFC_RULE	1
201 #define ZFC_FORMAT	2
202 #define ZFC_TILYEAR	3
203 #define ZFC_TILMONTH	4
204 #define ZFC_TILDAY	5
205 #define ZFC_TILTIME	6
206 #define ZONEC_MINFIELDS	3
207 #define ZONEC_MAXFIELDS	7
208 
209 /*
210 ** Which files are which on a Rule line.
211 */
212 
213 #define RF_NAME		1
214 #define RF_LOYEAR	2
215 #define RF_HIYEAR	3
216 #define RF_COMMAND	4
217 #define RF_MONTH	5
218 #define RF_DAY		6
219 #define RF_TOD		7
220 #define RF_STDOFF	8
221 #define RF_ABBRVAR	9
222 #define RULE_FIELDS	10
223 
224 /*
225 ** Which fields are which on a Link line.
226 */
227 
228 #define LF_FROM		1
229 #define LF_TO		2
230 #define LINK_FIELDS	3
231 
232 /*
233 ** Which fields are which on a Leap line.
234 */
235 
236 #define LP_YEAR		1
237 #define LP_MONTH	2
238 #define LP_DAY		3
239 #define LP_TIME		4
240 #define LP_CORR		5
241 #define LP_ROLL		6
242 #define LEAP_FIELDS	7
243 
244 /*
245 ** Year synonyms.
246 */
247 
248 #define YR_MINIMUM	0
249 #define YR_MAXIMUM	1
250 #define YR_ONLY		2
251 
252 static struct rule	*rules;
253 static int		nrules;	/* number of rules */
254 
255 static struct zone	*zones;
256 static int		nzones;	/* number of zones */
257 
258 struct link {
259 	const char	*l_filename;
260 	int		l_linenum;
261 	const char	*l_from;
262 	const char	*l_to;
263 };
264 
265 static struct link	*links;
266 static int		nlinks;
267 
268 struct lookup {
269 	const char	*l_word;
270 	const int	l_value;
271 };
272 
273 static struct lookup const	*byword(const char *string, const struct lookup *lp);
274 
275 static struct lookup const	line_codes[] = {
276 	{ "Rule",	LC_RULE },
277 	{ "Zone",	LC_ZONE },
278 	{ "Link",	LC_LINK },
279 	{ "Leap",	LC_LEAP },
280 	{ NULL,		0}
281 };
282 
283 static struct lookup const	mon_names[] = {
284 	{ "January",	TM_JANUARY },
285 	{ "February",	TM_FEBRUARY },
286 	{ "March",	TM_MARCH },
287 	{ "April",	TM_APRIL },
288 	{ "May",	TM_MAY },
289 	{ "June",	TM_JUNE },
290 	{ "July",	TM_JULY },
291 	{ "August",	TM_AUGUST },
292 	{ "September",	TM_SEPTEMBER },
293 	{ "October",	TM_OCTOBER },
294 	{ "November",	TM_NOVEMBER },
295 	{ "December",	TM_DECEMBER },
296 	{ NULL,		0 }
297 };
298 
299 static struct lookup const	wday_names[] = {
300 	{ "Sunday",	TM_SUNDAY },
301 	{ "Monday",	TM_MONDAY },
302 	{ "Tuesday",	TM_TUESDAY },
303 	{ "Wednesday",	TM_WEDNESDAY },
304 	{ "Thursday",	TM_THURSDAY },
305 	{ "Friday",	TM_FRIDAY },
306 	{ "Saturday",	TM_SATURDAY },
307 	{ NULL,		0 }
308 };
309 
310 static struct lookup const	lasts[] = {
311 	{ "last-Sunday",	TM_SUNDAY },
312 	{ "last-Monday",	TM_MONDAY },
313 	{ "last-Tuesday",	TM_TUESDAY },
314 	{ "last-Wednesday",	TM_WEDNESDAY },
315 	{ "last-Thursday",	TM_THURSDAY },
316 	{ "last-Friday",	TM_FRIDAY },
317 	{ "last-Saturday",	TM_SATURDAY },
318 	{ NULL,			0 }
319 };
320 
321 static struct lookup const	begin_years[] = {
322 	{ "minimum",	YR_MINIMUM },
323 	{ "maximum",	YR_MAXIMUM },
324 	{ NULL,		0 }
325 };
326 
327 static struct lookup const	end_years[] = {
328 	{ "minimum",	YR_MINIMUM },
329 	{ "maximum",	YR_MAXIMUM },
330 	{ "only",	YR_ONLY },
331 	{ NULL,		0 }
332 };
333 
334 static struct lookup const	leap_types[] = {
335 	{ "Rolling",	TRUE },
336 	{ "Stationary",	FALSE },
337 	{ NULL,		0 }
338 };
339 
340 static const int	len_months[2][MONSPERYEAR] = {
341 	{ 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 },
342 	{ 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 }
343 };
344 
345 static const int	len_years[2] = {
346 	DAYSPERNYEAR, DAYSPERLYEAR
347 };
348 
349 static struct attype {
350 	zic_t		at;
351 	unsigned char	type;
352 }			attypes[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
353 
354 static long		gmtoffs[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
355 static char		isdsts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
356 static unsigned char	abbrinds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
357 static char		ttisstds[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
358 static char		ttisgmts[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
359 static char		chars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
360 static zic_t		trans[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
361 static long		corr[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
362 static char		roll[TZ_MAX_LEAPS];
363 
364 /*
365 ** Memory allocation.
366 */
367 
368 static void *
369 memcheck(void *ptr)
370 {
371 	if (ptr == NULL)
372 		err(1, "Memory exhausted");
373 	return ptr;
374 }
375 
376 static char *
377 ecatalloc(char *start, const char *tail)
378 {
379 	size_t len;
380 	char *str;
381 
382 	len = strlen(start) + strlen(tail) + 1;
383 	str = memcheck(realloc(start, len));
384 	strlcat(str, tail, len);
385 	return str;
386 }
387 
388 #define emalloc(size)		memcheck(malloc(size))
389 #define ereallocarray(ptr, nmemb, size)		memcheck(reallocarray(ptr, nmemb, size))
390 #define erealloc(ptr, size)	memcheck(realloc((ptr), (size)))
391 #define ecpyalloc(ptr)		memcheck(strdup(ptr))
392 
393 /*
394 ** Error handling.
395 */
396 
397 static void
398 eats(const char *name, int num, const char *rname, int rnum)
399 {
400 	filename = name;
401 	linenum = num;
402 	rfilename = rname;
403 	rlinenum = rnum;
404 }
405 
406 static void
407 eat(const char *name, int num)
408 {
409 	eats(name, num, NULL, -1);
410 }
411 
412 static void
413 error(const char *string)
414 {
415 	/*
416 	** Match the format of "cc" to allow sh users to
417 	**	zic ... 2>&1 | error -t "*" -v
418 	** on BSD systems.
419 	*/
420 	fprintf(stderr, "\"%s\", line %d: %s",
421 		filename, linenum, string);
422 	if (rfilename != NULL)
423 		fprintf(stderr, " (rule from \"%s\", line %d)",
424 			rfilename, rlinenum);
425 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
426 	++errors;
427 }
428 
429 static void
430 warning(const char *string)
431 {
432 	char	*cp;
433 
434 	cp = ecpyalloc("warning: ");
435 	cp = ecatalloc(cp, string);
436 	error(cp);
437 	free(cp);
438 	--errors;
439 }
440 
441 
442 static const char *
443 scheck(const char *string, const char *format)
444 {
445 	const char	*fp, *result;
446 	char		*fbuf, *tp, dummy;
447 	int		c;
448 
449 	result = "";
450 	if (string == NULL || format == NULL)
451 		return result;
452 	fbuf = reallocarray(NULL, strlen(format) + 2, 2);
453 	if (fbuf == NULL)
454 		return result;
455 	fp = format;
456 	tp = fbuf;
457 	while ((*tp++ = c = *fp++) != '\0') {
458 		if (c != '%')
459 			continue;
460 		if (*fp == '%') {
461 			*tp++ = *fp++;
462 			continue;
463 		}
464 		*tp++ = '*';
465 		if (*fp == '*')
466 			++fp;
467 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*fp))
468 			*tp++ = *fp++;
469 		if (*fp == 'l' || *fp == 'h')
470 			*tp++ = *fp++;
471 		else if (*fp == '[')
472 			do {
473 				*tp++ = *fp++;
474 			} while (*fp != '\0' && *fp != ']');
475 		if ((*tp++ = *fp++) == '\0')
476 			break;
477 	}
478 	*(tp - 1) = '%';
479 	*tp++ = 'c';
480 	*tp = '\0';
481 	if (sscanf(string, fbuf, &dummy) != 1)
482 		result = format;
483 	free(fbuf);
484 	return result;
485 }
486 
487 static void
488 usage(void)
489 {
490 	fprintf(stderr,
491 	    "usage: %s [-v] [-d directory] [-L leapsecondfilename] [-l timezone]\n"
492 	    "\t\t[-p timezone] [filename ...]\n",
493 		__progname);
494 	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
495 }
496 
497 static const char	*psxrules;
498 static const char	*lcltime;
499 static const char	*directory;
500 static const char	*leapsec;
501 
502 int
503 main(int argc, char **argv)
504 {
505 	int	i, j, c;
506 
507 	if (pledge("stdio rpath wpath cpath proc exec", NULL) == -1)
508 		err(1, "pledge");
509 
510 	umask(umask(S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH) | (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH));
511 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "d:l:p:L:vy:")) != -1)
512 		switch (c) {
513 			default:
514 				usage();
515 			case 'd':
516 				if (directory == NULL)
517 					directory = optarg;
518 				else
519 					errx(1, "More than one -d option specified");
520 				break;
521 			case 'l':
522 				if (lcltime == NULL)
523 					lcltime = optarg;
524 				else
525 					errx(1, "More than one -l option specified");
526 				break;
527 			case 'p':
528 				if (psxrules == NULL)
529 					psxrules = optarg;
530 				else
531 					errx(1, "More than one -p option specified");
532 				break;
533 			case 'y':
534 				warning("ignoring obsolescent option -y");
535 				break;
536 			case 'L':
537 				if (leapsec == NULL)
538 					leapsec = optarg;
539 				else
540 					errx(1, "More than one -L option specified");
541 				break;
542 			case 'v':
543 				noise = TRUE;
544 				break;
545 		}
546 	if (optind == argc - 1 && strcmp(argv[optind], "=") == 0)
547 		usage();	/* usage message by request */
548 	if (directory == NULL)
549 		directory = TZDIR;
550 
551 	setboundaries();
552 
553 	if (optind < argc && leapsec != NULL) {
554 		infile(leapsec);
555 		adjleap();
556 	}
557 
558 	for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
559 		infile(argv[i]);
560 	if (errors)
561 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
562 	associate();
563 	for (i = 0; i < nzones; i = j) {
564 		/*
565 		** Find the next non-continuation zone entry.
566 		*/
567 		for (j = i + 1; j < nzones && zones[j].z_name == NULL; ++j)
568 			continue;
569 		outzone(&zones[i], j - i);
570 	}
571 	/*
572 	** Make links.
573 	*/
574 	for (i = 0; i < nlinks; ++i) {
575 		eat(links[i].l_filename, links[i].l_linenum);
576 		dolink(links[i].l_from, links[i].l_to);
577 		if (noise)
578 			for (j = 0; j < nlinks; ++j)
579 				if (strcmp(links[i].l_to,
580 					links[j].l_from) == 0)
581 						warning("link to link");
582 	}
583 	if (lcltime != NULL) {
584 		eat("command line", 1);
585 		dolink(lcltime, TZDEFAULT);
586 	}
587 	if (psxrules != NULL) {
588 		eat("command line", 1);
589 		dolink(psxrules, TZDEFRULES);
590 	}
591 	return (errors == 0) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
592 }
593 
594 static void
595 dolink(const char *fromfield, const char *tofield)
596 {
597 	char	*fromname, *toname;
598 
599 	if (fromfield[0] == '/')
600 		fromname = ecpyalloc(fromfield);
601 	else {
602 		fromname = ecpyalloc(directory);
603 		fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, "/");
604 		fromname = ecatalloc(fromname, fromfield);
605 	}
606 	if (tofield[0] == '/')
607 		toname = ecpyalloc(tofield);
608 	else {
609 		toname = ecpyalloc(directory);
610 		toname = ecatalloc(toname, "/");
611 		toname = ecatalloc(toname, tofield);
612 	}
613 	/*
614 	** We get to be careful here since
615 	** there's a fair chance of root running us.
616 	*/
617 	if (!itsdir(toname))
618 		remove(toname);
619 	if (link(fromname, toname) != 0) {
620 		int	result;
621 
622 		if (mkdirs(toname) != 0)
623 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
624 
625 		result = link(fromname, toname);
626 		if (result != 0 && errno == EXDEV)
627 			result = symlink(fromname, toname);
628 		if (result != 0)
629 			err(1, "Can't link from %s to %s", fromname, toname);
630 	}
631 	free(fromname);
632 	free(toname);
633 }
634 
635 #define TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE	64
636 
637 static void
638 setboundaries(void)
639 {
640 	int	i;
641 
642 	min_time = -1;
643 	for (i = 0; i < TIME_T_BITS_IN_FILE - 1; ++i)
644 		min_time *= 2;
645 	max_time = -(min_time + 1);
646 }
647 
648 static int
649 itsdir(const char *name)
650 {
651 	char	*myname;
652 	int	accres;
653 
654 	myname = ecpyalloc(name);
655 	myname = ecatalloc(myname, "/.");
656 	accres = access(myname, F_OK);
657 	free(myname);
658 	return accres == 0;
659 }
660 
661 /*
662 ** Associate sets of rules with zones.
663 */
664 
665 /*
666 ** Sort by rule name.
667 */
668 
669 static int
670 rcomp(const void *cp1, const void *cp2)
671 {
672 	return strcmp(((const struct rule *) cp1)->r_name,
673 		((const struct rule *) cp2)->r_name);
674 }
675 
676 static void
677 associate(void)
678 {
679 	struct zone	*zp;
680 	struct rule	*rp;
681 	int		base, out, i, j;
682 
683 	if (nrules != 0) {
684 		qsort(rules, nrules, sizeof *rules, rcomp);
685 		for (i = 0; i < nrules - 1; ++i) {
686 			if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
687 				rules[i + 1].r_name) != 0)
688 					continue;
689 			if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
690 				rules[i + 1].r_filename) == 0)
691 					continue;
692 			eat(rules[i].r_filename, rules[i].r_linenum);
693 			warning("same rule name in multiple files");
694 			eat(rules[i + 1].r_filename, rules[i + 1].r_linenum);
695 			warning("same rule name in multiple files");
696 			for (j = i + 2; j < nrules; ++j) {
697 				if (strcmp(rules[i].r_name,
698 					rules[j].r_name) != 0)
699 						break;
700 				if (strcmp(rules[i].r_filename,
701 					rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
702 						continue;
703 				if (strcmp(rules[i + 1].r_filename,
704 					rules[j].r_filename) == 0)
705 						continue;
706 				break;
707 			}
708 			i = j - 1;
709 		}
710 	}
711 	for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
712 		zp = &zones[i];
713 		zp->z_rules = NULL;
714 		zp->z_nrules = 0;
715 	}
716 	for (base = 0; base < nrules; base = out) {
717 		rp = &rules[base];
718 		for (out = base + 1; out < nrules; ++out)
719 			if (strcmp(rp->r_name, rules[out].r_name) != 0)
720 				break;
721 		for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
722 			zp = &zones[i];
723 			if (strcmp(zp->z_rule, rp->r_name) != 0)
724 				continue;
725 			zp->z_rules = rp;
726 			zp->z_nrules = out - base;
727 		}
728 	}
729 	for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i) {
730 		zp = &zones[i];
731 		if (zp->z_nrules == 0) {
732 			/*
733 			** Maybe we have a local standard time offset.
734 			*/
735 			eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
736 			zp->z_stdoff = gethms(zp->z_rule, "unruly zone",
737 				TRUE);
738 			/*
739 			** Note, though, that if there's no rule,
740 			** a '%s' in the format is a bad thing.
741 			*/
742 			if (strchr(zp->z_format, '%') != 0)
743 				error("%s in ruleless zone");
744 		}
745 	}
746 	if (errors)
747 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
748 }
749 
750 static void
751 infile(const char *name)
752 {
753 	FILE			*fp;
754 	char			**fields, *cp;
755 	const struct lookup	*lp;
756 	int			nfields, wantcont, num;
757 	char			buf[BUFSIZ];
758 
759 	if (strcmp(name, "-") == 0) {
760 		name = "standard input";
761 		fp = stdin;
762 	} else if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
763 		err(1, "Can't open %s", name);
764 	wantcont = FALSE;
765 	for (num = 1; ; ++num) {
766 		eat(name, num);
767 		if (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, fp) != buf)
768 			break;
769 		cp = strchr(buf, '\n');
770 		if (cp == NULL) {
771 			error("line too long");
772 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
773 		}
774 		*cp = '\0';
775 		fields = getfields(buf);
776 		nfields = 0;
777 		while (fields[nfields] != NULL) {
778 			static char	nada;
779 
780 			if (strcmp(fields[nfields], "-") == 0)
781 				fields[nfields] = &nada;
782 			++nfields;
783 		}
784 		if (nfields == 0) {
785 			/* nothing to do */
786 		} else if (wantcont) {
787 			wantcont = inzcont(fields, nfields);
788 		} else {
789 			lp = byword(fields[0], line_codes);
790 			if (lp == NULL)
791 				error("input line of unknown type");
792 			else switch ((int) (lp->l_value)) {
793 				case LC_RULE:
794 					inrule(fields, nfields);
795 					wantcont = FALSE;
796 					break;
797 				case LC_ZONE:
798 					wantcont = inzone(fields, nfields);
799 					break;
800 				case LC_LINK:
801 					inlink(fields, nfields);
802 					wantcont = FALSE;
803 					break;
804 				case LC_LEAP:
805 					if (name != leapsec)
806 						fprintf(stderr,
807 						    "%s: Leap line in non leap seconds file %s\n",
808 							__progname, name);
809 						/* no exit? */
810 					else
811 						inleap(fields, nfields);
812 					wantcont = FALSE;
813 					break;
814 				default:	/* "cannot happen" */
815 					errx(1, "panic: Invalid l_value %d", lp->l_value);
816 			}
817 		}
818 		free(fields);
819 	}
820 	if (ferror(fp))
821 		errx(1, "Error reading %s", filename);
822 	if (fp != stdin && fclose(fp))
823 		err(1, "Error closing %s", filename);
824 	if (wantcont)
825 		error("expected continuation line not found");
826 }
827 
828 /*
829 ** Convert a string of one of the forms
830 **	h	-h	hh:mm	-hh:mm	hh:mm:ss	-hh:mm:ss
831 ** into a number of seconds.
832 ** A null string maps to zero.
833 ** Call error with errstring and return zero on errors.
834 */
835 
836 static long
837 gethms(const char *string, const char *errstring, int signable)
838 {
839 	long	hh;
840 	int	mm, ss, sign;
841 
842 	if (string == NULL || *string == '\0')
843 		return 0;
844 	if (!signable)
845 		sign = 1;
846 	else if (*string == '-') {
847 		sign = -1;
848 		++string;
849 	} else
850 		sign = 1;
851 	if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld"), &hh) == 1)
852 		mm = ss = 0;
853 	else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d"), &hh, &mm) == 2)
854 		ss = 0;
855 	else if (sscanf(string, scheck(string, "%ld:%d:%d"),
856 	    &hh, &mm, &ss) != 3) {
857 		error(errstring);
858 		return 0;
859 	}
860 	if (hh < 0 ||
861 	    mm < 0 || mm >= MINSPERHOUR ||
862 	    ss < 0 || ss > SECSPERMIN) {
863 		error(errstring);
864 		return 0;
865 	}
866 	if (LONG_MAX / SECSPERHOUR < hh) {
867 		error("time overflow");
868 		return 0;
869 	}
870 	return oadd(eitol(sign) * hh * eitol(SECSPERHOUR),
871 	    eitol(sign) * (eitol(mm) * eitol(SECSPERMIN) + eitol(ss)));
872 }
873 
874 static void
875 inrule(char **fields, int nfields)
876 {
877 	static struct rule	r;
878 
879 	if (nfields != RULE_FIELDS) {
880 		error("wrong number of fields on Rule line");
881 		return;
882 	}
883 	if (*fields[RF_NAME] == '\0') {
884 		error("nameless rule");
885 		return;
886 	}
887 	r.r_filename = filename;
888 	r.r_linenum = linenum;
889 	r.r_stdoff = gethms(fields[RF_STDOFF], "invalid saved time", TRUE);
890 	rulesub(&r, fields[RF_LOYEAR], fields[RF_HIYEAR], fields[RF_COMMAND],
891 		fields[RF_MONTH], fields[RF_DAY], fields[RF_TOD]);
892 	r.r_name = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_NAME]);
893 	r.r_abbrvar = ecpyalloc(fields[RF_ABBRVAR]);
894 	if (max_abbrvar_len < strlen(r.r_abbrvar))
895 		max_abbrvar_len = strlen(r.r_abbrvar);
896 	rules = ereallocarray(rules, nrules + 1, sizeof *rules);
897 	rules[nrules++] = r;
898 }
899 
900 static int
901 inzone(char **fields, int nfields)
902 {
903 	int	i;
904 	static char	*buf;
905 	size_t		len;
906 
907 	if (nfields < ZONE_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONE_MAXFIELDS) {
908 		error("wrong number of fields on Zone line");
909 		return FALSE;
910 	}
911 	if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFAULT) == 0 && lcltime != NULL) {
912 		len = 132 + strlen(TZDEFAULT);
913 		buf = erealloc(buf, len);
914 		snprintf(buf, len,
915 		    "\"Zone %s\" line and -l option are mutually exclusive",
916 		    TZDEFAULT);
917 		error(buf);
918 		return FALSE;
919 	}
920 	if (strcmp(fields[ZF_NAME], TZDEFRULES) == 0 && psxrules != NULL) {
921 		len = 132 + strlen(TZDEFRULES);
922 		buf = erealloc(buf, len);
923 		snprintf(buf, len,
924 		    "\"Zone %s\" line and -p option are mutually exclusive",
925 		    TZDEFRULES);
926 		error(buf);
927 		return FALSE;
928 	}
929 	for (i = 0; i < nzones; ++i)
930 		if (zones[i].z_name != NULL &&
931 		    strcmp(zones[i].z_name, fields[ZF_NAME]) == 0) {
932 			len = 132 + strlen(fields[ZF_NAME]) +
933 			    strlen(zones[i].z_filename);
934 			buf = erealloc(buf, len);
935 			snprintf(buf, len,
936 			    "duplicate zone name %s (file \"%s\", line %d)",
937 			    fields[ZF_NAME],
938 			    zones[i].z_filename,
939 			    zones[i].z_linenum);
940 			error(buf);
941 			return FALSE;
942 		}
943 	return inzsub(fields, nfields, FALSE);
944 }
945 
946 static int
947 inzcont(char **fields, int nfields)
948 {
949 	if (nfields < ZONEC_MINFIELDS || nfields > ZONEC_MAXFIELDS) {
950 		error("wrong number of fields on Zone continuation line");
951 		return FALSE;
952 	}
953 	return inzsub(fields, nfields, TRUE);
954 }
955 
956 static int
957 inzsub(char **fields, int nfields, int iscont)
958 {
959 	char		*cp;
960 	static struct zone	z;
961 	int		i_gmtoff, i_rule, i_format;
962 	int		i_untilyear, i_untilmonth;
963 	int		i_untilday, i_untiltime;
964 	int		hasuntil;
965 
966 	if (iscont) {
967 		i_gmtoff = ZFC_GMTOFF;
968 		i_rule = ZFC_RULE;
969 		i_format = ZFC_FORMAT;
970 		i_untilyear = ZFC_TILYEAR;
971 		i_untilmonth = ZFC_TILMONTH;
972 		i_untilday = ZFC_TILDAY;
973 		i_untiltime = ZFC_TILTIME;
974 		z.z_name = NULL;
975 	} else {
976 		i_gmtoff = ZF_GMTOFF;
977 		i_rule = ZF_RULE;
978 		i_format = ZF_FORMAT;
979 		i_untilyear = ZF_TILYEAR;
980 		i_untilmonth = ZF_TILMONTH;
981 		i_untilday = ZF_TILDAY;
982 		i_untiltime = ZF_TILTIME;
983 		z.z_name = ecpyalloc(fields[ZF_NAME]);
984 	}
985 	z.z_filename = filename;
986 	z.z_linenum = linenum;
987 	z.z_gmtoff = gethms(fields[i_gmtoff], "invalid UTC offset", TRUE);
988 	if ((cp = strchr(fields[i_format], '%')) != 0) {
989 		if (*++cp != 's' || strchr(cp, '%') != 0) {
990 			error("invalid abbreviation format");
991 			return FALSE;
992 		}
993 	}
994 	z.z_rule = ecpyalloc(fields[i_rule]);
995 	z.z_format = ecpyalloc(fields[i_format]);
996 	if (max_format_len < strlen(z.z_format))
997 		max_format_len = strlen(z.z_format);
998 	hasuntil = nfields > i_untilyear;
999 	if (hasuntil) {
1000 		z.z_untilrule.r_filename = filename;
1001 		z.z_untilrule.r_linenum = linenum;
1002 		rulesub(&z.z_untilrule,
1003 			fields[i_untilyear],
1004 			"only",
1005 			"",
1006 			(nfields > i_untilmonth) ?
1007 			fields[i_untilmonth] : "Jan",
1008 			(nfields > i_untilday) ? fields[i_untilday] : "1",
1009 			(nfields > i_untiltime) ? fields[i_untiltime] : "0");
1010 		z.z_untiltime = rpytime(&z.z_untilrule,
1011 			z.z_untilrule.r_loyear);
1012 		if (iscont && nzones > 0 &&
1013 		    z.z_untiltime > min_time &&
1014 		    z.z_untiltime < max_time &&
1015 		    zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime > min_time &&
1016 		    zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime < max_time &&
1017 		    zones[nzones - 1].z_untiltime >= z.z_untiltime) {
1018 			error("Zone continuation line end time is not after end time of previous line");
1019 			return FALSE;
1020 		}
1021 	}
1022 	zones = ereallocarray(zones, nzones + 1, sizeof *zones);
1023 	zones[nzones++] = z;
1024 	/*
1025 	** If there was an UNTIL field on this line,
1026 	** there's more information about the zone on the next line.
1027 	*/
1028 	return hasuntil;
1029 }
1030 
1031 static void
1032 inleap(char **fields, int nfields)
1033 {
1034 	const char		*cp;
1035 	const struct lookup	*lp;
1036 	int			i, j;
1037 	int			year, month, day;
1038 	long			dayoff, tod;
1039 	zic_t			t;
1040 
1041 	if (nfields != LEAP_FIELDS) {
1042 		error("wrong number of fields on Leap line");
1043 		return;
1044 	}
1045 	dayoff = 0;
1046 	cp = fields[LP_YEAR];
1047 	if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &year) != 1) {
1048 		/*
1049 		** Leapin' Lizards!
1050 		*/
1051 		error("invalid leaping year");
1052 		return;
1053 	}
1054 	if (!leapseen || leapmaxyear < year)
1055 		leapmaxyear = year;
1056 	if (!leapseen || leapminyear > year)
1057 		leapminyear = year;
1058 	leapseen = TRUE;
1059 	j = EPOCH_YEAR;
1060 	while (j != year) {
1061 		if (year > j) {
1062 			i = len_years[isleap(j)];
1063 			++j;
1064 		} else {
1065 			--j;
1066 			i = -len_years[isleap(j)];
1067 		}
1068 		dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
1069 	}
1070 	if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_MONTH], mon_names)) == NULL) {
1071 		error("invalid month name");
1072 		return;
1073 	}
1074 	month = lp->l_value;
1075 	j = TM_JANUARY;
1076 	while (j != month) {
1077 		i = len_months[isleap(year)][j];
1078 		dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
1079 		++j;
1080 	}
1081 	cp = fields[LP_DAY];
1082 	if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &day) != 1 ||
1083 	    day <= 0 || day > len_months[isleap(year)][month]) {
1084 		error("invalid day of month");
1085 		return;
1086 	}
1087 	dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(day - 1));
1088 	if (dayoff < 0 && !TYPE_SIGNED(zic_t)) {
1089 		error("time before zero");
1090 		return;
1091 	}
1092 	if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY) {
1093 		error("time too small");
1094 		return;
1095 	}
1096 	if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY) {
1097 		error("time too large");
1098 		return;
1099 	}
1100 	t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
1101 	tod = gethms(fields[LP_TIME], "invalid time of day", FALSE);
1102 	cp = fields[LP_CORR];
1103 	{
1104 		int	positive;
1105 		int		count;
1106 
1107 		if (strcmp(cp, "") == 0) { /* infile() turns "-" into "" */
1108 			positive = FALSE;
1109 			count = 1;
1110 		} else if (strcmp(cp, "--") == 0) {
1111 			positive = FALSE;
1112 			count = 2;
1113 		} else if (strcmp(cp, "+") == 0) {
1114 			positive = TRUE;
1115 			count = 1;
1116 		} else if (strcmp(cp, "++") == 0) {
1117 			positive = TRUE;
1118 			count = 2;
1119 		} else {
1120 			error("illegal CORRECTION field on Leap line");
1121 			return;
1122 		}
1123 		if ((lp = byword(fields[LP_ROLL], leap_types)) == NULL) {
1124 			error("illegal Rolling/Stationary field on Leap line");
1125 			return;
1126 		}
1127 		leapadd(tadd(t, tod), positive, lp->l_value, count);
1128 	}
1129 }
1130 
1131 static void
1132 inlink(char **fields, int nfields)
1133 {
1134 	struct link	l;
1135 
1136 	if (nfields != LINK_FIELDS) {
1137 		error("wrong number of fields on Link line");
1138 		return;
1139 	}
1140 	if (*fields[LF_FROM] == '\0') {
1141 		error("blank FROM field on Link line");
1142 		return;
1143 	}
1144 	if (*fields[LF_TO] == '\0') {
1145 		error("blank TO field on Link line");
1146 		return;
1147 	}
1148 	l.l_filename = filename;
1149 	l.l_linenum = linenum;
1150 	l.l_from = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_FROM]);
1151 	l.l_to = ecpyalloc(fields[LF_TO]);
1152 	links = ereallocarray(links, nlinks + 1, sizeof *links);
1153 	links[nlinks++] = l;
1154 }
1155 
1156 static void
1157 rulesub(struct rule * const rp, const char * const loyearp,
1158     const char * const hiyearp, const char * const typep,
1159     const char * const monthp, const char * const dayp,
1160     const char * const timep)
1161 {
1162 	const struct lookup	*lp;
1163 	const char		*cp;
1164 	char			*dp, *ep;
1165 
1166 	if ((lp = byword(monthp, mon_names)) == NULL) {
1167 		error("invalid month name");
1168 		return;
1169 	}
1170 	rp->r_month = lp->l_value;
1171 	rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
1172 	rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
1173 	dp = ecpyalloc(timep);
1174 	if (*dp != '\0') {
1175 		ep = dp + strlen(dp) - 1;
1176 		switch (tolower((unsigned char)*ep)) {
1177 		case 's':	/* Standard */
1178 			rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
1179 			rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
1180 			*ep = '\0';
1181 			break;
1182 		case 'w':	/* Wall */
1183 			rp->r_todisstd = FALSE;
1184 			rp->r_todisgmt = FALSE;
1185 			*ep = '\0';
1186 			break;
1187 		case 'g':	/* Greenwich */
1188 		case 'u':	/* Universal */
1189 		case 'z':	/* Zulu */
1190 			rp->r_todisstd = TRUE;
1191 			rp->r_todisgmt = TRUE;
1192 			*ep = '\0';
1193 			break;
1194 		}
1195 	}
1196 	rp->r_tod = gethms(dp, "invalid time of day", FALSE);
1197 	free(dp);
1198 	/*
1199 	** Year work.
1200 	*/
1201 	cp = loyearp;
1202 	lp = byword(cp, begin_years);
1203 	rp->r_lowasnum = lp == NULL;
1204 	if (!rp->r_lowasnum) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
1205 		case YR_MINIMUM:
1206 			rp->r_loyear = INT_MIN;
1207 			break;
1208 		case YR_MAXIMUM:
1209 			rp->r_loyear = INT_MAX;
1210 			break;
1211 		default:	/* "cannot happen" */
1212 			errx(1, "panic: Invalid l_value %d", lp->l_value);
1213 	} else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_loyear) != 1) {
1214 		error("invalid starting year");
1215 		return;
1216 	}
1217 	cp = hiyearp;
1218 	lp = byword(cp, end_years);
1219 	rp->r_hiwasnum = lp == NULL;
1220 	if (!rp->r_hiwasnum) switch ((int) lp->l_value) {
1221 		case YR_MINIMUM:
1222 			rp->r_hiyear = INT_MIN;
1223 			break;
1224 		case YR_MAXIMUM:
1225 			rp->r_hiyear = INT_MAX;
1226 			break;
1227 		case YR_ONLY:
1228 			rp->r_hiyear = rp->r_loyear;
1229 			break;
1230 		default:	/* "cannot happen" */
1231 			errx(1, "panic: Invalid l_value %d", lp->l_value);
1232 	} else if (sscanf(cp, scheck(cp, "%d"), &rp->r_hiyear) != 1) {
1233 		error("invalid ending year");
1234 		return;
1235 	}
1236 	if (rp->r_loyear > rp->r_hiyear) {
1237 		error("starting year greater than ending year");
1238 		return;
1239 	}
1240 	if (*typep != '\0') {
1241 		if (rp->r_loyear == rp->r_hiyear) {
1242 			error("typed single year");
1243 			return;
1244 		}
1245 		warning("year type is obsolete; use \"-\" instead");
1246 	}
1247 	/*
1248 	** Day work.
1249 	** Accept things such as:
1250 	**	1
1251 	**	last-Sunday
1252 	**	Sun<=20
1253 	**	Sun>=7
1254 	*/
1255 	dp = ecpyalloc(dayp);
1256 	if ((lp = byword(dp, lasts)) != NULL) {
1257 		rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
1258 		rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
1259 		rp->r_dayofmonth = len_months[1][rp->r_month];
1260 	} else {
1261 		if ((ep = strchr(dp, '<')) != 0)
1262 			rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWLEQ;
1263 		else if ((ep = strchr(dp, '>')) != 0)
1264 			rp->r_dycode = DC_DOWGEQ;
1265 		else {
1266 			ep = dp;
1267 			rp->r_dycode = DC_DOM;
1268 		}
1269 		if (rp->r_dycode != DC_DOM) {
1270 			*ep++ = 0;
1271 			if (*ep++ != '=') {
1272 				error("invalid day of month");
1273 				free(dp);
1274 				return;
1275 			}
1276 			if ((lp = byword(dp, wday_names)) == NULL) {
1277 				error("invalid weekday name");
1278 				free(dp);
1279 				return;
1280 			}
1281 			rp->r_wday = lp->l_value;
1282 		}
1283 		if (sscanf(ep, scheck(ep, "%d"), &rp->r_dayofmonth) != 1 ||
1284 		    rp->r_dayofmonth <= 0 ||
1285 		    (rp->r_dayofmonth > len_months[1][rp->r_month])) {
1286 			error("invalid day of month");
1287 			free(dp);
1288 			return;
1289 		}
1290 	}
1291 	free(dp);
1292 }
1293 
1294 static void
1295 convert(long val, char *buf)
1296 {
1297 	int	i;
1298 	int	shift;
1299 
1300 	for (i = 0, shift = 24; i < 4; ++i, shift -= 8)
1301 		buf[i] = val >> shift;
1302 }
1303 
1304 static void
1305 convert64(zic_t val, char *buf)
1306 {
1307 	int	i;
1308 	int	shift;
1309 
1310 	for (i = 0, shift = 56; i < 8; ++i, shift -= 8)
1311 		buf[i] = val >> shift;
1312 }
1313 
1314 static void
1315 puttzcode(long val, FILE *fp)
1316 {
1317 	char	buf[4];
1318 
1319 	convert(val, buf);
1320 	fwrite(buf, sizeof buf, 1, fp);
1321 }
1322 
1323 static void
1324 puttzcode64(zic_t val, FILE *fp)
1325 {
1326 	char	buf[8];
1327 
1328 	convert64(val, buf);
1329 	fwrite(buf, sizeof buf, 1, fp);
1330 }
1331 
1332 static int
1333 atcomp(const void *avp, const void *bvp)
1334 {
1335 	const zic_t	a = ((const struct attype *) avp)->at;
1336 	const zic_t	b = ((const struct attype *) bvp)->at;
1337 
1338 	return (a < b) ? -1 : (a > b);
1339 }
1340 
1341 static int
1342 is32(zic_t x)
1343 {
1344 	return INT32_MIN <= x && x <= INT32_MAX;
1345 }
1346 
1347 static void
1348 writezone(const char *name, const char *string)
1349 {
1350 	FILE			*fp;
1351 	int			i, j;
1352 	int			leapcnt32, leapi32;
1353 	int			timecnt32, timei32;
1354 	int			pass;
1355 	static char		*fullname;
1356 	static const struct tzhead	tzh0;
1357 	static struct tzhead	tzh;
1358 	zic_t			ats[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
1359 	unsigned char		types[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
1360 	size_t			len;
1361 
1362 	/*
1363 	** Sort.
1364 	*/
1365 	if (timecnt > 1)
1366 		qsort(attypes, timecnt, sizeof *attypes, atcomp);
1367 	/*
1368 	** Optimize.
1369 	*/
1370 	{
1371 		int	fromi;
1372 		int	toi;
1373 
1374 		toi = 0;
1375 		fromi = 0;
1376 		while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].at < min_time)
1377 			++fromi;
1378 		if (isdsts[0] == 0)
1379 			while (fromi < timecnt && attypes[fromi].type == 0)
1380 				++fromi;	/* handled by default rule */
1381 		for ( ; fromi < timecnt; ++fromi) {
1382 			if (toi != 0 && ((attypes[fromi].at +
1383 			    gmtoffs[attypes[toi - 1].type]) <=
1384 			    (attypes[toi - 1].at + gmtoffs[toi == 1 ? 0 :
1385 			    attypes[toi - 2].type]))) {
1386 				attypes[toi - 1].type = attypes[fromi].type;
1387 				continue;
1388 			}
1389 			if (toi == 0 ||
1390 			    attypes[toi - 1].type != attypes[fromi].type)
1391 				attypes[toi++] = attypes[fromi];
1392 		}
1393 		timecnt = toi;
1394 	}
1395 	/*
1396 	** Transfer.
1397 	*/
1398 	for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i) {
1399 		ats[i] = attypes[i].at;
1400 		types[i] = attypes[i].type;
1401 	}
1402 	/*
1403 	** Correct for leap seconds.
1404 	*/
1405 	for (i = 0; i < timecnt; ++i) {
1406 		j = leapcnt;
1407 		while (--j >= 0)
1408 			if (ats[i] > trans[j] - corr[j]) {
1409 				ats[i] = tadd(ats[i], corr[j]);
1410 				break;
1411 			}
1412 	}
1413 	/*
1414 	** Figure out 32-bit-limited starts and counts.
1415 	*/
1416 	timecnt32 = timecnt;
1417 	timei32 = 0;
1418 	leapcnt32 = leapcnt;
1419 	leapi32 = 0;
1420 	while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timecnt32 - 1]))
1421 		--timecnt32;
1422 	while (timecnt32 > 0 && !is32(ats[timei32])) {
1423 		--timecnt32;
1424 		++timei32;
1425 	}
1426 	while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapcnt32 - 1]))
1427 		--leapcnt32;
1428 	while (leapcnt32 > 0 && !is32(trans[leapi32])) {
1429 		--leapcnt32;
1430 		++leapi32;
1431 	}
1432 	len = strlen(directory) + 1 + strlen(name) + 1;
1433 	fullname = erealloc(fullname, len);
1434 	snprintf(fullname, len, "%s/%s", directory, name);
1435 	/*
1436 	** Remove old file, if any, to snap links.
1437 	*/
1438 	if (!itsdir(fullname) && remove(fullname) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
1439 		err(1, "Can't remove %s", fullname);
1440 	if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL) {
1441 		if (mkdirs(fullname) != 0)
1442 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1443 		if ((fp = fopen(fullname, "wb")) == NULL)
1444 			err(1, "Can't create %s", fullname);
1445 	}
1446 	for (pass = 1; pass <= 2; ++pass) {
1447 		int	thistimei, thistimecnt;
1448 		int	thisleapi, thisleapcnt;
1449 		int	thistimelim, thisleaplim;
1450 		int	writetype[TZ_MAX_TIMES];
1451 		int	typemap[TZ_MAX_TYPES];
1452 		int	thistypecnt;
1453 		char	thischars[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
1454 		char	thischarcnt;
1455 		int	indmap[TZ_MAX_CHARS];
1456 
1457 		if (pass == 1) {
1458 			thistimei = timei32;
1459 			thistimecnt = timecnt32;
1460 			thisleapi = leapi32;
1461 			thisleapcnt = leapcnt32;
1462 		} else {
1463 			thistimei = 0;
1464 			thistimecnt = timecnt;
1465 			thisleapi = 0;
1466 			thisleapcnt = leapcnt;
1467 		}
1468 		thistimelim = thistimei + thistimecnt;
1469 		thisleaplim = thisleapi + thisleapcnt;
1470 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1471 			writetype[i] = thistimecnt == timecnt;
1472 		if (thistimecnt == 0) {
1473 			/*
1474 			** No transition times fall in the current
1475 			** (32- or 64-bit) window.
1476 			*/
1477 			if (typecnt != 0)
1478 				writetype[typecnt - 1] = TRUE;
1479 		} else {
1480 			for (i = thistimei - 1; i < thistimelim; ++i)
1481 				if (i >= 0)
1482 					writetype[types[i]] = TRUE;
1483 			/*
1484 			** For America/Godthab and Antarctica/Palmer
1485 			*/
1486 			if (thistimei == 0)
1487 				writetype[0] = TRUE;
1488 		}
1489 #ifndef LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH
1490 		/*
1491 		** For some pre-2011 systems: if the last-to-be-written
1492 		** standard (or daylight) type has an offset different from the
1493 		** most recently used offset,
1494 		** append an (unused) copy of the most recently used type
1495 		** (to help get global "altzone" and "timezone" variables
1496 		** set correctly).
1497 		*/
1498 		{
1499 			int	mrudst, mrustd, hidst, histd, type;
1500 
1501 			hidst = histd = mrudst = mrustd = -1;
1502 			for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
1503 				if (isdsts[types[i]])
1504 					mrudst = types[i];
1505 				else
1506 					mrustd = types[i];
1507 			for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1508 				if (writetype[i]) {
1509 					if (isdsts[i])
1510 						hidst = i;
1511 					else
1512 						histd = i;
1513 				}
1514 			if (hidst >= 0 && mrudst >= 0 && hidst != mrudst &&
1515 			    gmtoffs[hidst] != gmtoffs[mrudst]) {
1516 				isdsts[mrudst] = -1;
1517 				type = addtype(gmtoffs[mrudst],
1518 				    &chars[abbrinds[mrudst]],
1519 				    TRUE, ttisstds[mrudst],
1520 				    ttisgmts[mrudst]);
1521 				isdsts[mrudst] = TRUE;
1522 				writetype[type] = TRUE;
1523 			}
1524 			if (histd >= 0 && mrustd >= 0 && histd != mrustd &&
1525 			    gmtoffs[histd] != gmtoffs[mrustd]) {
1526 				isdsts[mrustd] = -1;
1527 				type = addtype(gmtoffs[mrustd],
1528 				    &chars[abbrinds[mrustd]],
1529 				    FALSE, ttisstds[mrustd],
1530 				    ttisgmts[mrustd]);
1531 				isdsts[mrustd] = FALSE;
1532 				writetype[type] = TRUE;
1533 			}
1534 		}
1535 #endif /* !defined LEAVE_SOME_PRE_2011_SYSTEMS_IN_THE_LURCH */
1536 		thistypecnt = 0;
1537 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1538 			typemap[i] = writetype[i] ?  thistypecnt++ : -1;
1539 		for (i = 0; i < sizeof indmap / sizeof indmap[0]; ++i)
1540 			indmap[i] = -1;
1541 		thischarcnt = 0;
1542 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
1543 			char	*thisabbr;
1544 
1545 			if (!writetype[i])
1546 				continue;
1547 			if (indmap[abbrinds[i]] >= 0)
1548 				continue;
1549 			thisabbr = &chars[abbrinds[i]];
1550 			for (j = 0; j < thischarcnt; ++j)
1551 				if (strcmp(&thischars[j], thisabbr) == 0)
1552 					break;
1553 			if (j == thischarcnt) {
1554 				strlcpy(&thischars[(int) thischarcnt],
1555 				    thisabbr, sizeof(thischars) - thischarcnt);
1556 				thischarcnt += strlen(thisabbr) + 1;
1557 			}
1558 			indmap[abbrinds[i]] = j;
1559 		}
1560 #define DO(field)	fwrite(tzh.field, sizeof tzh.field, 1, fp)
1561 		tzh = tzh0;
1562 		strncpy(tzh.tzh_magic, TZ_MAGIC, sizeof tzh.tzh_magic);
1563 		tzh.tzh_version[0] = ZIC_VERSION;
1564 		convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
1565 		convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_ttisstdcnt);
1566 		convert(eitol(thisleapcnt), tzh.tzh_leapcnt);
1567 		convert(eitol(thistimecnt), tzh.tzh_timecnt);
1568 		convert(eitol(thistypecnt), tzh.tzh_typecnt);
1569 		convert(eitol(thischarcnt), tzh.tzh_charcnt);
1570 		DO(tzh_magic);
1571 		DO(tzh_version);
1572 		DO(tzh_reserved);
1573 		DO(tzh_ttisgmtcnt);
1574 		DO(tzh_ttisstdcnt);
1575 		DO(tzh_leapcnt);
1576 		DO(tzh_timecnt);
1577 		DO(tzh_typecnt);
1578 		DO(tzh_charcnt);
1579 #undef DO
1580 		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i)
1581 			if (pass == 1)
1582 				puttzcode((long) ats[i], fp);
1583 			else
1584 				puttzcode64(ats[i], fp);
1585 		for (i = thistimei; i < thistimelim; ++i) {
1586 			unsigned char	uc;
1587 
1588 			uc = typemap[types[i]];
1589 			fwrite(&uc, sizeof uc, 1, fp);
1590 		}
1591 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1592 			if (writetype[i]) {
1593 				puttzcode(gmtoffs[i], fp);
1594 				putc(isdsts[i], fp);
1595 				putc((unsigned char)indmap[abbrinds[i]], fp);
1596 			}
1597 		if (thischarcnt != 0)
1598 			fwrite(thischars, sizeof thischars[0], thischarcnt, fp);
1599 		for (i = thisleapi; i < thisleaplim; ++i) {
1600 			zic_t	todo;
1601 
1602 			if (roll[i]) {
1603 				if (timecnt == 0 || trans[i] < ats[0]) {
1604 					j = 0;
1605 					while (isdsts[j])
1606 						if (++j >= typecnt) {
1607 							j = 0;
1608 							break;
1609 						}
1610 				} else {
1611 					j = 1;
1612 					while (j < timecnt &&
1613 					    trans[i] >= ats[j])
1614 						++j;
1615 					j = types[j - 1];
1616 				}
1617 				todo = tadd(trans[i], -gmtoffs[j]);
1618 			} else
1619 				todo = trans[i];
1620 			if (pass == 1)
1621 				puttzcode((long) todo, fp);
1622 			else
1623 				puttzcode64(todo, fp);
1624 			puttzcode(corr[i], fp);
1625 		}
1626 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1627 			if (writetype[i])
1628 				putc(ttisstds[i], fp);
1629 		for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i)
1630 			if (writetype[i])
1631 				putc(ttisgmts[i], fp);
1632 	}
1633 	fprintf(fp, "\n%s\n", string);
1634 	if (ferror(fp) || fclose(fp))
1635 		errx(1, "Error writing %s", fullname);
1636 }
1637 
1638 static void
1639 doabbr(char *abbr, size_t size, const char *format, const char *letters,
1640     int isdst, int doquotes)
1641 {
1642 	char	*cp, *slashp;
1643 	int	len;
1644 
1645 	slashp = strchr(format, '/');
1646 	if (slashp == NULL) {
1647 		if (letters == NULL)
1648 			strlcpy(abbr, format, size);
1649 		else
1650 			snprintf(abbr, size, format, letters);
1651 	} else if (isdst) {
1652 		strlcpy(abbr, slashp + 1, size);
1653 	} else {
1654 		if (slashp - format + 1 < size)
1655 			size = slashp - format + 1;
1656 		strlcpy(abbr, format, size);
1657 	}
1658 	if (!doquotes)
1659 		return;
1660 	for (cp = abbr; *cp != '\0'; ++cp)
1661 		if (strchr("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ", *cp) == NULL &&
1662 			strchr("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *cp) == NULL)
1663 				break;
1664 	len = strlen(abbr);
1665 	if (len > 0 && *cp == '\0')
1666 		return;
1667 	abbr[len + 2] = '\0';
1668 	abbr[len + 1] = '>';
1669 	for ( ; len > 0; --len)
1670 		abbr[len] = abbr[len - 1];
1671 	abbr[0] = '<';
1672 }
1673 
1674 static void
1675 updateminmax(int x)
1676 {
1677 	if (min_year > x)
1678 		min_year = x;
1679 	if (max_year < x)
1680 		max_year = x;
1681 }
1682 
1683 static int
1684 stringoffset(char *result, size_t size, long offset)
1685 {
1686 	int	hours, minutes, seconds;
1687 	char	*ep;
1688 
1689 	result[0] = '\0';
1690 	if (offset < 0) {
1691 		strlcpy(result, "-", size);
1692 		offset = -offset;
1693 	}
1694 	seconds = offset % SECSPERMIN;
1695 	offset /= SECSPERMIN;
1696 	minutes = offset % MINSPERHOUR;
1697 	offset /= MINSPERHOUR;
1698 	hours = offset;
1699 	if (hours >= HOURSPERDAY) {
1700 		result[0] = '\0';
1701 		return -1;
1702 	}
1703 	ep = end(result, size);
1704 	snprintf(ep, size - (ep - result), "%d", hours);
1705 	if (minutes != 0 || seconds != 0) {
1706 		ep = end(result, size);
1707 		snprintf(ep, size - (ep - result), ":%02d", minutes);
1708 		if (seconds != 0) {
1709 			ep = end(result, size);
1710 			snprintf(ep, size - (ep - result), ":%02d", seconds);
1711 		}
1712 	}
1713 	return 0;
1714 }
1715 
1716 static int
1717 stringrule(char *result, size_t size, const struct rule *rp, long dstoff, long gmtoff)
1718 {
1719 	long	tod;
1720 	char	*ep;
1721 
1722 	ep = end(result, size);
1723 	size -= ep - result;
1724 	result = ep;
1725 	if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOM) {
1726 		int	month, total;
1727 
1728 		if (rp->r_dayofmonth == 29 && rp->r_month == TM_FEBRUARY)
1729 			return -1;
1730 		total = 0;
1731 		for (month = 0; month < rp->r_month; ++month)
1732 			total += len_months[0][month];
1733 		snprintf(result, size, "J%d", total + rp->r_dayofmonth);
1734 	} else {
1735 		int	week;
1736 
1737 		if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) {
1738 			if ((rp->r_dayofmonth % DAYSPERWEEK) != 1)
1739 				return -1;
1740 			week = 1 + rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
1741 		} else if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) {
1742 			if (rp->r_dayofmonth == len_months[1][rp->r_month])
1743 				week = 5;
1744 			else {
1745 				if ((rp->r_dayofmonth % DAYSPERWEEK) != 0)
1746 					return -1;
1747 				week = rp->r_dayofmonth / DAYSPERWEEK;
1748 			}
1749 		} else
1750 			return -1;	/* "cannot happen" */
1751 		snprintf(result, size, "M%d.%d.%d",
1752 			rp->r_month + 1, week, rp->r_wday);
1753 	}
1754 	tod = rp->r_tod;
1755 	if (rp->r_todisgmt)
1756 		tod += gmtoff;
1757 	if (rp->r_todisstd && rp->r_stdoff == 0)
1758 		tod += dstoff;
1759 	if (tod < 0) {
1760 		result[0] = '\0';
1761 		return -1;
1762 	}
1763 	if (tod != 2 * SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR) {
1764 		strlcat(result, "/", size);
1765 		ep = end(result, size);
1766 		if (stringoffset(ep, size - (ep - result), tod) != 0)
1767 			return -1;
1768 	}
1769 	return 0;
1770 }
1771 
1772 static void
1773 stringzone(char *result, size_t size, const struct zone *zpfirst, int zonecount)
1774 {
1775 	const struct zone	*zp;
1776 	struct rule		*rp, *stdrp, *dstrp;
1777 	int			i;
1778 	const char		*abbrvar;
1779 	char			*ep;
1780 
1781 	result[0] = '\0';
1782 	zp = zpfirst + zonecount - 1;
1783 	stdrp = dstrp = NULL;
1784 	for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i) {
1785 		rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
1786 		if (rp->r_hiwasnum || rp->r_hiyear != INT_MAX)
1787 			continue;
1788 		if (rp->r_stdoff == 0) {
1789 			if (stdrp == NULL)
1790 				stdrp = rp;
1791 			else
1792 				return;
1793 		} else {
1794 			if (dstrp == NULL)
1795 				dstrp = rp;
1796 			else
1797 				return;
1798 		}
1799 	}
1800 	if (stdrp == NULL && dstrp == NULL) {
1801 		/*
1802 		** There are no rules running through "max".
1803 		** Let's find the latest rule.
1804 		*/
1805 		for (i = 0; i < zp->z_nrules; ++i) {
1806 			rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
1807 			if (stdrp == NULL || rp->r_hiyear > stdrp->r_hiyear ||
1808 				(rp->r_hiyear == stdrp->r_hiyear &&
1809 				rp->r_month > stdrp->r_month))
1810 					stdrp = rp;
1811 		}
1812 		if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_stdoff != 0)
1813 			return;	/* We end up in DST (a POSIX no-no). */
1814 		/*
1815 		** Horrid special case: if year is 2037,
1816 		** presume this is a zone handled on a year-by-year basis;
1817 		** do not try to apply a rule to the zone.
1818 		*/
1819 		if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_hiyear == 2037)
1820 			return;
1821 	}
1822 	if (stdrp == NULL && (zp->z_nrules != 0 || zp->z_stdoff != 0))
1823 		return;
1824 	abbrvar = (stdrp == NULL) ? "" : stdrp->r_abbrvar;
1825 	doabbr(result, size, zp->z_format, abbrvar, FALSE, TRUE);
1826 	ep = end(result, size);
1827 	if (stringoffset(ep, size - (ep - result), -zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
1828 		result[0] = '\0';
1829 		return;
1830 	}
1831 	if (dstrp == NULL)
1832 		return;
1833 	ep = end(result, size);
1834 	doabbr(ep, size - (ep - result), zp->z_format, dstrp->r_abbrvar, TRUE, TRUE);
1835 	if (dstrp->r_stdoff != SECSPERMIN * MINSPERHOUR) {
1836 		ep = end(result, size);
1837 		if (stringoffset(ep, size - (ep - result),
1838 			-(zp->z_gmtoff + dstrp->r_stdoff)) != 0) {
1839 				result[0] = '\0';
1840 				return;
1841 		}
1842 	}
1843 	strlcat(result, ",", size);
1844 	if (stringrule(result, size, dstrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
1845 		result[0] = '\0';
1846 		return;
1847 	}
1848 	strlcat(result, ",", size);
1849 	if (stringrule(result, size, stdrp, dstrp->r_stdoff, zp->z_gmtoff) != 0) {
1850 		result[0] = '\0';
1851 		return;
1852 	}
1853 }
1854 
1855 static void
1856 outzone(const struct zone *zpfirst, int zonecount)
1857 {
1858 	const struct zone	*zp;
1859 	struct rule		*rp;
1860 	int			i, j, usestart, useuntil, type;
1861 	zic_t			starttime = 0, untiltime = 0;
1862 	long			gmtoff, stdoff, startoff;
1863 	int			year, startttisstd = FALSE, startttisgmt = FALSE;
1864 	char			*startbuf, *ab, *envvar;
1865 	int			max_abbr_len, max_envvar_len;
1866 	int			prodstic; /* all rules are min to max */
1867 
1868 	max_abbr_len = 2 + max_format_len + max_abbrvar_len;
1869 	max_envvar_len = 2 * max_abbr_len + 5 * 9;
1870 	startbuf = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
1871 	ab = emalloc(max_abbr_len + 1);
1872 	envvar = emalloc(max_envvar_len + 1);
1873 	/*
1874 	** Now. . .finally. . .generate some useful data!
1875 	*/
1876 	timecnt = 0;
1877 	typecnt = 0;
1878 	charcnt = 0;
1879 	prodstic = zonecount == 1;
1880 	/*
1881 	** Thanks to Earl Chew
1882 	** for noting the need to unconditionally initialize startttisstd.
1883 	*/
1884 	min_year = max_year = EPOCH_YEAR;
1885 	if (leapseen) {
1886 		updateminmax(leapminyear);
1887 		updateminmax(leapmaxyear + (leapmaxyear < INT_MAX));
1888 	}
1889 	for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i) {
1890 		zp = &zpfirst[i];
1891 		if (i < zonecount - 1)
1892 			updateminmax(zp->z_untilrule.r_loyear);
1893 		for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
1894 			rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
1895 			if (rp->r_lowasnum)
1896 				updateminmax(rp->r_loyear);
1897 			if (rp->r_hiwasnum)
1898 				updateminmax(rp->r_hiyear);
1899 			if (rp->r_lowasnum || rp->r_hiwasnum)
1900 				prodstic = FALSE;
1901 		}
1902 	}
1903 	/*
1904 	** Generate lots of data if a rule can't cover all future times.
1905 	*/
1906 	stringzone(envvar, max_envvar_len + 1, zpfirst, zonecount);
1907 	if (noise && envvar[0] == '\0') {
1908 		char *	wp;
1909 
1910 		wp = ecpyalloc("no POSIX environment variable for zone");
1911 		wp = ecatalloc(wp, " ");
1912 		wp = ecatalloc(wp, zpfirst->z_name);
1913 		warning(wp);
1914 		free(wp);
1915 	}
1916 	if (envvar[0] == '\0') {
1917 		if (min_year >= INT_MIN + YEARSPERREPEAT)
1918 			min_year -= YEARSPERREPEAT;
1919 		else
1920 			min_year = INT_MIN;
1921 		if (max_year <= INT_MAX - YEARSPERREPEAT)
1922 			max_year += YEARSPERREPEAT;
1923 		else
1924 			max_year = INT_MAX;
1925 		/*
1926 		** Regardless of any of the above,
1927 		** for a "proDSTic" zone which specifies that its rules
1928 		** always have and always will be in effect,
1929 		** we only need one cycle to define the zone.
1930 		*/
1931 		if (prodstic) {
1932 			min_year = 1900;
1933 			max_year = min_year + YEARSPERREPEAT;
1934 		}
1935 	}
1936 	/*
1937 	** For the benefit of older systems,
1938 	** generate data from 1900 through 2037.
1939 	*/
1940 	if (min_year > 1900)
1941 		min_year = 1900;
1942 	if (max_year < 2037)
1943 		max_year = 2037;
1944 	for (i = 0; i < zonecount; ++i) {
1945 		/*
1946 		** A guess that may well be corrected later.
1947 		*/
1948 		stdoff = 0;
1949 		zp = &zpfirst[i];
1950 		usestart = i > 0 && (zp - 1)->z_untiltime > min_time;
1951 		useuntil = i < (zonecount - 1);
1952 		if (useuntil && zp->z_untiltime <= min_time)
1953 			continue;
1954 		gmtoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
1955 		eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
1956 		*startbuf = '\0';
1957 		startoff = zp->z_gmtoff;
1958 		if (zp->z_nrules == 0) {
1959 			stdoff = zp->z_stdoff;
1960 			doabbr(startbuf, max_abbr_len + 1, zp->z_format,
1961 				NULL, stdoff != 0, FALSE);
1962 			type = addtype(oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, stdoff),
1963 				startbuf, stdoff != 0, startttisstd,
1964 				startttisgmt);
1965 			if (usestart) {
1966 				addtt(starttime, type);
1967 				usestart = FALSE;
1968 			} else if (stdoff != 0)
1969 				addtt(min_time, type);
1970 		} else for (year = min_year; year <= max_year; ++year) {
1971 			if (useuntil && year > zp->z_untilrule.r_hiyear)
1972 				break;
1973 			/*
1974 			** Mark which rules to do in the current year.
1975 			** For those to do, calculate rpytime(rp, year);
1976 			*/
1977 			for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
1978 				rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
1979 				eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
1980 					rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
1981 				rp->r_todo = year >= rp->r_loyear &&
1982 				    year <= rp->r_hiyear;
1983 				if (rp->r_todo)
1984 					rp->r_temp = rpytime(rp, year);
1985 			}
1986 			for ( ; ; ) {
1987 				int	k;
1988 				zic_t	jtime, ktime = 0;
1989 				long	offset;
1990 
1991 				if (useuntil) {
1992 					/*
1993 					** Turn untiltime into UTC
1994 					** assuming the current gmtoff and
1995 					** stdoff values.
1996 					*/
1997 					untiltime = zp->z_untiltime;
1998 					if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt)
1999 						untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
2000 							-gmtoff);
2001 					if (!zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd)
2002 						untiltime = tadd(untiltime,
2003 							-stdoff);
2004 				}
2005 				/*
2006 				** Find the rule (of those to do, if any)
2007 				** that takes effect earliest in the year.
2008 				*/
2009 				k = -1;
2010 				for (j = 0; j < zp->z_nrules; ++j) {
2011 					rp = &zp->z_rules[j];
2012 					if (!rp->r_todo)
2013 						continue;
2014 					eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
2015 						rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
2016 					offset = rp->r_todisgmt ? 0 : gmtoff;
2017 					if (!rp->r_todisstd)
2018 						offset = oadd(offset, stdoff);
2019 					jtime = rp->r_temp;
2020 					if (jtime == min_time ||
2021 						jtime == max_time)
2022 							continue;
2023 					jtime = tadd(jtime, -offset);
2024 					if (k < 0 || jtime < ktime) {
2025 						k = j;
2026 						ktime = jtime;
2027 					}
2028 				}
2029 				if (k < 0)
2030 					break;	/* go on to next year */
2031 				rp = &zp->z_rules[k];
2032 				rp->r_todo = FALSE;
2033 				if (useuntil && ktime >= untiltime)
2034 					break;
2035 				stdoff = rp->r_stdoff;
2036 				if (usestart && ktime == starttime)
2037 					usestart = FALSE;
2038 				if (usestart) {
2039 					if (ktime < starttime) {
2040 						startoff = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
2041 						    stdoff);
2042 						doabbr(startbuf,
2043 						    max_abbr_len + 1,
2044 						    zp->z_format,
2045 						    rp->r_abbrvar,
2046 						    rp->r_stdoff != 0,
2047 						    FALSE);
2048 						continue;
2049 					}
2050 					if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
2051 					    startoff == oadd(zp->z_gmtoff,
2052 					    stdoff)) {
2053 						doabbr(startbuf,
2054 						    max_abbr_len + 1,
2055 						    zp->z_format,
2056 						    rp->r_abbrvar,
2057 						    rp->r_stdoff != 0,
2058 						    FALSE);
2059 					}
2060 				}
2061 				eats(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum,
2062 				    rp->r_filename, rp->r_linenum);
2063 				doabbr(ab, max_abbr_len + 1, zp->z_format,
2064 				    rp->r_abbrvar, rp->r_stdoff != 0, FALSE);
2065 				offset = oadd(zp->z_gmtoff, rp->r_stdoff);
2066 				type = addtype(offset, ab, rp->r_stdoff != 0,
2067 				    rp->r_todisstd, rp->r_todisgmt);
2068 				addtt(ktime, type);
2069 			}
2070 		}
2071 		if (usestart) {
2072 			if (*startbuf == '\0' &&
2073 			    zp->z_format != NULL &&
2074 			    strchr(zp->z_format, '%') == NULL &&
2075 			    strchr(zp->z_format, '/') == NULL)
2076 				strlcpy(startbuf, zp->z_format, max_abbr_len + 1);
2077 			eat(zp->z_filename, zp->z_linenum);
2078 			if (*startbuf == '\0')
2079 				error("can't determine time zone abbreviation to use just after until time");
2080 			else
2081 				addtt(starttime,
2082 				    addtype(startoff, startbuf,
2083 				    startoff != zp->z_gmtoff,
2084 				    startttisstd, startttisgmt));
2085 		}
2086 		/*
2087 		** Now we may get to set starttime for the next zone line.
2088 		*/
2089 		if (useuntil) {
2090 			startttisstd = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisstd;
2091 			startttisgmt = zp->z_untilrule.r_todisgmt;
2092 			starttime = zp->z_untiltime;
2093 			if (!startttisstd)
2094 				starttime = tadd(starttime, -stdoff);
2095 			if (!startttisgmt)
2096 				starttime = tadd(starttime, -gmtoff);
2097 		}
2098 	}
2099 	writezone(zpfirst->z_name, envvar);
2100 	free(startbuf);
2101 	free(ab);
2102 	free(envvar);
2103 }
2104 
2105 static void
2106 addtt(const zic_t starttime, int type)
2107 {
2108 	size_t len;
2109 
2110 	if (starttime <= min_time ||
2111 	    (timecnt == 1 && attypes[0].at < min_time)) {
2112 		gmtoffs[0] = gmtoffs[type];
2113 		isdsts[0] = isdsts[type];
2114 		ttisstds[0] = ttisstds[type];
2115 		ttisgmts[0] = ttisgmts[type];
2116 		if (abbrinds[type] != 0) {
2117 			len = strlen(&chars[abbrinds[type]]) + 1;
2118 			memmove(chars, &chars[abbrinds[type]], len);
2119 		}
2120 		abbrinds[0] = 0;
2121 		charcnt = strlen(chars) + 1;
2122 		typecnt = 1;
2123 		timecnt = 0;
2124 		type = 0;
2125 	}
2126 	if (timecnt >= TZ_MAX_TIMES) {
2127 		error("too many transitions?!");
2128 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2129 	}
2130 	attypes[timecnt].at = starttime;
2131 	attypes[timecnt].type = type;
2132 	++timecnt;
2133 }
2134 
2135 static int
2136 addtype(long gmtoff, const char *abbr, int isdst, int ttisstd, int ttisgmt)
2137 {
2138 	int	i, j;
2139 
2140 	if (isdst != TRUE && isdst != FALSE) {
2141 		error("internal error - addtype called with bad isdst");
2142 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2143 	}
2144 	if (ttisstd != TRUE && ttisstd != FALSE) {
2145 		error("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisstd");
2146 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2147 	}
2148 	if (ttisgmt != TRUE && ttisgmt != FALSE) {
2149 		error("internal error - addtype called with bad ttisgmt");
2150 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2151 	}
2152 	/*
2153 	** See if there's already an entry for this zone type.
2154 	** If so, just return its index.
2155 	*/
2156 	for (i = 0; i < typecnt; ++i) {
2157 		if (gmtoff == gmtoffs[i] && isdst == isdsts[i] &&
2158 		    strcmp(abbr, &chars[abbrinds[i]]) == 0 &&
2159 		    ttisstd == ttisstds[i] &&
2160 		    ttisgmt == ttisgmts[i])
2161 			return i;
2162 	}
2163 	/*
2164 	** There isn't one; add a new one, unless there are already too
2165 	** many.
2166 	*/
2167 	if (typecnt >= TZ_MAX_TYPES) {
2168 		error("too many local time types");
2169 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2170 	}
2171 	if (! (-1L - 2147483647L <= gmtoff && gmtoff <= 2147483647L)) {
2172 		error("UTC offset out of range");
2173 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2174 	}
2175 	gmtoffs[i] = gmtoff;
2176 	isdsts[i] = isdst;
2177 	ttisstds[i] = ttisstd;
2178 	ttisgmts[i] = ttisgmt;
2179 
2180 	for (j = 0; j < charcnt; ++j)
2181 		if (strcmp(&chars[j], abbr) == 0)
2182 			break;
2183 	if (j == charcnt)
2184 		newabbr(abbr);
2185 	abbrinds[i] = j;
2186 	++typecnt;
2187 	return i;
2188 }
2189 
2190 static void
2191 leapadd(zic_t t, int positive, int rolling, int count)
2192 {
2193 	int	i, j;
2194 
2195 	if (leapcnt + (positive ? count : 1) > TZ_MAX_LEAPS) {
2196 		error("too many leap seconds");
2197 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2198 	}
2199 	for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i)
2200 		if (t <= trans[i]) {
2201 			if (t == trans[i]) {
2202 				error("repeated leap second moment");
2203 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2204 			}
2205 			break;
2206 		}
2207 	do {
2208 		for (j = leapcnt; j > i; --j) {
2209 			trans[j] = trans[j - 1];
2210 			corr[j] = corr[j - 1];
2211 			roll[j] = roll[j - 1];
2212 		}
2213 		trans[i] = t;
2214 		corr[i] = positive ? 1L : eitol(-count);
2215 		roll[i] = rolling;
2216 		++leapcnt;
2217 	} while (positive && --count != 0);
2218 }
2219 
2220 static void
2221 adjleap(void)
2222 {
2223 	int	i;
2224 	long	last = 0;
2225 
2226 	/*
2227 	** propagate leap seconds forward
2228 	*/
2229 	for (i = 0; i < leapcnt; ++i) {
2230 		trans[i] = tadd(trans[i], last);
2231 		last = corr[i] += last;
2232 	}
2233 }
2234 
2235 /* this function is not strncasecmp */
2236 static int
2237 itsabbr(const char *sabbr, const char *sword)
2238 {
2239 	const unsigned char *abbr = sabbr;
2240 	const unsigned char *word = sword;
2241 
2242 	if (tolower(*abbr) != tolower(*word))
2243 		return FALSE;
2244 	while (*++abbr != '\0')
2245 		do {
2246 			++word;
2247 			if (*word == '\0')
2248 				return FALSE;
2249 		} while (tolower(*word) != tolower(*abbr));
2250 	return TRUE;
2251 }
2252 
2253 static const struct lookup *
2254 byword(const char *word, const struct lookup *table)
2255 {
2256 	const struct lookup	*foundlp;
2257 	const struct lookup	*lp;
2258 
2259 	if (word == NULL || table == NULL)
2260 		return NULL;
2261 	/*
2262 	** Look for exact match.
2263 	*/
2264 	for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
2265 		if (strcasecmp(word, lp->l_word) == 0)
2266 			return lp;
2267 	/*
2268 	** Look for inexact match.
2269 	*/
2270 	foundlp = NULL;
2271 	for (lp = table; lp->l_word != NULL; ++lp)
2272 		if (itsabbr(word, lp->l_word)) {
2273 			if (foundlp == NULL)
2274 				foundlp = lp;
2275 			else
2276 				return NULL;	/* multiple inexact matches */
2277 		}
2278 	return foundlp;
2279 }
2280 
2281 static char **
2282 getfields(char *cp)
2283 {
2284 	char		*dp;
2285 	char		**array;
2286 	int		nsubs;
2287 
2288 	if (cp == NULL)
2289 		return NULL;
2290 	array = ereallocarray(NULL, strlen(cp) + 1, sizeof *array);
2291 	nsubs = 0;
2292 	for ( ; ; ) {
2293 		while (isascii((unsigned char)*cp) &&
2294 		    isspace((unsigned char)*cp))
2295 			++cp;
2296 		if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
2297 			break;
2298 		array[nsubs++] = dp = cp;
2299 		do {
2300 			if ((*dp = *cp++) != '"') {
2301 				++dp;
2302 			} else {
2303 				while ((*dp = *cp++) != '"') {
2304 					if (*dp != '\0')
2305 						++dp;
2306 					else {
2307 						error("Odd number of quotation marks");
2308 						exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2309 					}
2310 				}
2311 			}
2312 		} while (*cp != '\0' && *cp != '#' &&
2313 		    (!isascii((unsigned char)*cp) || !isspace((unsigned char)*cp)));
2314 		if (isascii((unsigned char)*cp) && isspace((unsigned char)*cp))
2315 			++cp;
2316 		*dp = '\0';
2317 	}
2318 	array[nsubs] = NULL;
2319 	return array;
2320 }
2321 
2322 static long
2323 oadd(long t1, long t2)
2324 {
2325 	long	t = t1 + t2;
2326 
2327 	if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
2328 		error("time overflow");
2329 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2330 	}
2331 	return t;
2332 }
2333 
2334 static zic_t
2335 tadd(zic_t t1, long t2)
2336 {
2337 	zic_t	t;
2338 
2339 	if (t1 == max_time && t2 > 0)
2340 		return max_time;
2341 	if (t1 == min_time && t2 < 0)
2342 		return min_time;
2343 	t = t1 + t2;
2344 	if ((t2 > 0 && t <= t1) || (t2 < 0 && t >= t1)) {
2345 		error("time overflow");
2346 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2347 	}
2348 	return t;
2349 }
2350 
2351 /*
2352 ** Given a rule, and a year, compute the date - in seconds since January 1,
2353 ** 1970, 00:00 LOCAL time - in that year that the rule refers to.
2354 */
2355 static zic_t
2356 rpytime(const struct rule *rp, int wantedy)
2357 {
2358 	int	y, m, i;
2359 	long	dayoff;			/* with a nod to Margaret O. */
2360 	zic_t	t;
2361 
2362 	if (wantedy == INT_MIN)
2363 		return min_time;
2364 	if (wantedy == INT_MAX)
2365 		return max_time;
2366 	dayoff = 0;
2367 	m = TM_JANUARY;
2368 	y = EPOCH_YEAR;
2369 	while (wantedy != y) {
2370 		if (wantedy > y) {
2371 			i = len_years[isleap(y)];
2372 			++y;
2373 		} else {
2374 			--y;
2375 			i = -len_years[isleap(y)];
2376 		}
2377 		dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
2378 	}
2379 	while (m != rp->r_month) {
2380 		i = len_months[isleap(y)][m];
2381 		dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
2382 		++m;
2383 	}
2384 	i = rp->r_dayofmonth;
2385 	if (m == TM_FEBRUARY && i == 29 && !isleap(y)) {
2386 		if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ)
2387 			--i;
2388 		else {
2389 			error("use of 2/29 in non leap-year");
2390 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2391 		}
2392 	}
2393 	--i;
2394 	dayoff = oadd(dayoff, eitol(i));
2395 	if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ || rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWLEQ) {
2396 		long	wday;
2397 
2398 #define LDAYSPERWEEK	((long) DAYSPERWEEK)
2399 		wday = eitol(EPOCH_WDAY);
2400 		/*
2401 		** Don't trust mod of negative numbers.
2402 		*/
2403 		if (dayoff >= 0)
2404 			wday = (wday + dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK;
2405 		else {
2406 			wday -= ((-dayoff) % LDAYSPERWEEK);
2407 			if (wday < 0)
2408 				wday += LDAYSPERWEEK;
2409 		}
2410 		while (wday != eitol(rp->r_wday))
2411 			if (rp->r_dycode == DC_DOWGEQ) {
2412 				dayoff = oadd(dayoff, 1);
2413 				if (++wday >= LDAYSPERWEEK)
2414 					wday = 0;
2415 				++i;
2416 			} else {
2417 				dayoff = oadd(dayoff, -1);
2418 				if (--wday < 0)
2419 					wday = LDAYSPERWEEK - 1;
2420 				--i;
2421 			}
2422 	}
2423 	if (dayoff < min_time / SECSPERDAY)
2424 		return min_time;
2425 	if (dayoff > max_time / SECSPERDAY)
2426 		return max_time;
2427 	t = (zic_t) dayoff * SECSPERDAY;
2428 	return tadd(t, rp->r_tod);
2429 }
2430 
2431 static void
2432 newabbr(const char *string)
2433 {
2434 	int	i;
2435 
2436 	if (strcmp(string, GRANDPARENTED) != 0) {
2437 		const char *	cp;
2438 		char *		wp;
2439 
2440 		cp = string;
2441 		wp = NULL;
2442 		while (isascii((unsigned char)*cp) &&
2443 		    (isalnum((unsigned char)*cp) || *cp == '-' || *cp == '+'))
2444 			++cp;
2445 		if (noise && cp - string > 3)
2446 			wp = "time zone abbreviation has more than 3 characters";
2447 		if (cp - string > ZIC_MAX_ABBR_LEN_WO_WARN)
2448 			wp = "time zone abbreviation has too many characters";
2449 		if (*cp != '\0')
2450 			wp = "time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard";
2451 		if (wp != NULL) {
2452 			wp = ecpyalloc(wp);
2453 			wp = ecatalloc(wp, " (");
2454 			wp = ecatalloc(wp, string);
2455 			wp = ecatalloc(wp, ")");
2456 			warning(wp);
2457 			free(wp);
2458 		}
2459 	}
2460 	i = strlen(string) + 1;
2461 	if (charcnt + i > TZ_MAX_CHARS) {
2462 		error("too many, or too long, time zone abbreviations");
2463 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2464 	}
2465 	strlcpy(&chars[charcnt], string, sizeof(chars) - charcnt);
2466 	charcnt += eitol(i);
2467 }
2468 
2469 static int
2470 mkdirs(char *argname)
2471 {
2472 	char *	name;
2473 	char *	cp;
2474 
2475 	if (argname == NULL || *argname == '\0')
2476 		return 0;
2477 	cp = name = ecpyalloc(argname);
2478 	while ((cp = strchr(cp + 1, '/')) != 0) {
2479 		*cp = '\0';
2480 		if (!itsdir(name)) {
2481 			/*
2482 			** It doesn't seem to exist, so we try to create it.
2483 			** Creation may fail because of the directory being
2484 			** created by some other multiprocessor, so we get
2485 			** to do extra checking.
2486 			*/
2487 			if (mkdir(name, MKDIR_UMASK) != 0) {
2488 				const char *e = strerror(errno);
2489 
2490 				if (errno != EEXIST || !itsdir(name)) {
2491 					fprintf(stderr,
2492 					    "%s: Can't create directory %s: %s\n",
2493 					    __progname, name, e);
2494 					free(name);
2495 					return -1;
2496 				}
2497 			}
2498 		}
2499 		*cp = '/';
2500 	}
2501 	free(name);
2502 	return 0;
2503 }
2504 
2505 static long
2506 eitol(int i)
2507 {
2508 	long	l = i;
2509 
2510 	if ((i < 0 && l >= 0) || (i == 0 && l != 0) || (i > 0 && l <= 0))
2511 		errx(1, "%d did not sign extend correctly", i);
2512 	return l;
2513 }
2514