xref: /original-bsd/games/factor/factor.c (revision 05bf53f3)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Landon Curt Noll.
7  *
8  * %sccs.include.redist.c%
9  */
10 
11 #ifndef lint
12 static char copyright[] =
13 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
14 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
15 #endif /* not lint */
16 
17 #ifndef lint
18 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)factor.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 05/31/93";
19 #endif /* not lint */
20 
21 /*
22  * factor - factor a number into primes
23  *
24  * By: Landon Curt Noll   chongo@toad.com,   ...!{sun,tolsoft}!hoptoad!chongo
25  *
26  *   chongo <for a good prime call: 391581 * 2^216193 - 1> /\oo/\
27  *
28  * usage:
29  *	factor [number] ...
30  *
31  * The form of the output is:
32  *
33  *	number: factor1 factor1 factor2 factor3 factor3 factor3 ...
34  *
35  * where factor1 < factor2 < factor3 < ...
36  *
37  * If no args are given, the list of numbers are read from stdin.
38  */
39 
40 #include <ctype.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include "primes.h"
44 
45 /*
46  * prime[i] is the (i-1)th prime.
47  *
48  * We are able to sieve 2^32-1 because this byte table yields all primes
49  * up to 65537 and 65537^2 > 2^32-1.
50  */
51 extern ubig prime[];
52 extern ubig *pr_limit;	/* largest prime in the prime array */
53 
54 #define MAX_LINE 255	/* max line allowed on stdin */
55 
56 void pr_fact();		/* print factors of a value */
57 long small_fact();	/* find smallest factor of a value */
58 char *read_num_buf();	/* read a number buffer */
59 char *program;		/* name of this program */
60 
61 main(argc, argv)
62 	int argc;	/* arg count */
63 	char *argv[];	/* the args */
64 {
65 	int arg;	/* which arg to factor */
66 	long val;	/* the value to factor */
67 	char buf[MAX_LINE+1];	/* input buffer */
68 
69 	/* parse args */
70 	program = argv[0];
71 	if (argc >= 2) {
72 
73 		/* factor each arg */
74 		for (arg=1; arg < argc; ++arg) {
75 
76 			/* process the buffer */
77 			if (read_num_buf(NULL, argv[arg]) == NULL) {
78 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
79 				exit(1);
80 			}
81 
82 			/* factor the argument */
83 			if (sscanf(argv[arg], "%ld", &val) == 1) {
84 				pr_fact(val);
85 			} else {
86 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
87 				exit(1);
88 			}
89 		}
90 
91 	/* no args supplied, read numbers from stdin */
92 	} else {
93 		/*
94 		 * read asciii numbers from input
95 		 */
96 		while (read_num_buf(stdin, buf) != NULL) {
97 
98 			/* factor the argument */
99 			if (sscanf(buf, "%ld", &val) == 1) {
100 				pr_fact(val);
101 			}
102 		}
103 	}
104 	exit(0);
105 }
106 
107 /*
108  * read_num_buf - read a number buffer from a stream
109  *
110  * Read a number on a line of the form:
111  *
112  *	^[ \t]*\([+-]?[0-9][0-9]\)*.*$
113  *
114  * where ? is a 1-or-0 operator and the number is within \( \).
115  *
116  * If does not match the above pattern, it is ignored and a new
117  * line is read.  If the number is too large or small, we will
118  * print ouch and read a new line.
119  *
120  * We have to be very careful on how we check the magnitude of the
121  * input.  We can not use numeric checks because of the need to
122  * check values against maximum numeric values.
123  *
124  * This routine will return a line containing a ascii number between
125  * NEG_SEMIBIG and SEMIBIG, or it will return NULL.
126  *
127  * If the stream is NULL then buf will be processed as if were
128  * a single line stream.
129  *
130  * returns:
131  *	char *	pointer to leading digit, + or -
132  *	NULL	EOF or error
133  */
134 char *
135 read_num_buf(input, buf)
136 	FILE *input;		/* input stream or NULL */
137 	char *buf;		/* input buffer */
138 {
139 	static char limit[MAX_LINE+1];	/* ascii value of SEMIBIG */
140 	static int limit_len;		/* digit count of limit */
141 	static char neg_limit[MAX_LINE+1];	/* value of NEG_SEMIBIG */
142 	static int neg_limit_len;		/* digit count of neg_limit */
143 	int len;			/* digits in input (excluding +/-) */
144 	char *s;	/* line start marker */
145 	char *d;	/* first digit, skip +/- */
146 	char *p;	/* scan pointer */
147 	char *z;	/* zero scan pointer */
148 
149 	/* form the ascii value of SEMIBIG if needed */
150 	if (!isascii(limit[0]) || !isdigit(limit[0])) {
151 		sprintf(limit, "%ld", SEMIBIG);
152 		limit_len = strlen(limit);
153 		sprintf(neg_limit, "%ld", NEG_SEMIBIG);
154 		neg_limit_len = strlen(neg_limit)-1;	/* exclude - */
155 	}
156 
157 	/*
158 	 * the search for a good line
159 	 */
160 	if (input != NULL && fgets(buf, MAX_LINE, input) == NULL) {
161 		/* error or EOF */
162 		return NULL;
163 	}
164 	do {
165 
166 		/* ignore leading whitespace */
167 		for (s=buf; *s && s < buf+MAX_LINE; ++s) {
168 			if (!isascii(*s) || !isspace(*s)) {
169 				break;
170 			}
171 		}
172 
173 		/* skip over any leading + or - */
174 		if (*s == '+' || *s == '-') {
175 			d = s+1;
176 		} else {
177 			d = s;
178 		}
179 
180 		/* note leading zeros */
181 		for (z=d; *z && z < buf+MAX_LINE; ++z) {
182 			if (*z != '0') {
183 				break;
184 			}
185 		}
186 
187 		/* scan for the first non-digit */
188 		for (p=d; *p && p < buf+MAX_LINE; ++p) {
189 			if (!isascii(*p) || !isdigit(*p)) {
190 				break;
191 			}
192 		}
193 
194 		/* ignore empty lines */
195 		if (p == d) {
196 			continue;
197 		}
198 		*p = '\0';
199 
200 		/* object if too many digits */
201 		len = strlen(z);
202 		len = (len<=0) ? 1 : len;
203 		if (*s == '-') {
204 			/* accept if digit count is below limit */
205 			if (len < neg_limit_len) {
206 				/* we have good input */
207 				return s;
208 
209 			/* reject very large numbers */
210 			} else if (len > neg_limit_len) {
211 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
212 				exit(1);
213 
214 			/* carefully check against near limit numbers */
215 			} else if (strcmp(z, neg_limit+1) > 0) {
216 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
217 				exit(1);
218 			}
219 			/* number is near limit, but is under it */
220 			return s;
221 
222 		} else {
223 			/* accept if digit count is below limit */
224 			if (len < limit_len) {
225 				/* we have good input */
226 				return s;
227 
228 			/* reject very large numbers */
229 			} else if (len > limit_len) {
230 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
231 				exit(1);
232 
233 			/* carefully check against near limit numbers */
234 			} else if (strcmp(z, limit) > 0) {
235 				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ouch\n", program);
236 				exit(1);
237 			}
238 			/* number is near limit, but is under it */
239 			return s;
240 		}
241 	} while (input != NULL && fgets(buf, MAX_LINE, input) != NULL);
242 
243 	/* error or EOF */
244 	return NULL;
245 }
246 
247 
248 /*
249  * pr_fact - print the factors of a number
250  *
251  * If the number is 0 or 1, then print the number and return.
252  * If the number is < 0, print -1, negate the number and continue
253  * processing.
254  *
255  * Print the factors of the number, from the lowest to the highest.
256  * A factor will be printed numtiple times if it divides the value
257  * multiple times.
258  *
259  * Factors are printed with leading tabs.
260  */
261 void
262 pr_fact(val)
263 	long val;	/* factor this value */
264 {
265 	ubig *fact;	/* the factor found */
266 
267 	/* firewall - catch 0 and 1 */
268 	switch (val) {
269 	case LONG_MIN:
270 		/* avoid negation problems - assumes LONG_MIN is even  XXX */
271 		printf("%ld: -1 2", val);
272 		val /= -2;
273 		break;
274 	case -1:
275 		puts("-1: -1\n");
276 		return;
277 	case 0:
278 		exit(0);
279 	case 1:
280 		puts("1: 1\n");
281 		return;
282 	default:
283 		if (val < 0) {
284 			val = -val;
285 			printf("%ld: -1", val);
286 		} else
287 			printf("%ld:", val);
288 		break;
289 	}
290 	fflush(stdout);
291 
292 	/*
293 	 * factor value
294 	 */
295 	fact = &prime[0];
296 	while (val > 1) {
297 
298 		/* look for the smallest factor */
299 		do {
300 			if (val%(long)*fact == 0) {
301 				break;
302 			}
303 		} while (++fact <= pr_limit);
304 
305 		/* watch for primes larger than the table */
306 		if (fact > pr_limit) {
307 			printf(" %ld\n", val);
308 			return;
309 		}
310 
311 		/* divide factor out until none are left */
312 		do {
313 			printf(" %ld", *fact);
314 			val /= (long)*fact;
315 		} while ((val % (long)*fact) == 0);
316 		fflush(stdout);
317 		++fact;
318 	}
319 	putchar('\n');
320 	return;
321 }
322