xref: /original-bsd/sbin/newlfs/lfs.c (revision b1dc0eed)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * %sccs.include.redist.c%
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef lint
9 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)lfs.c	5.19 (Berkeley) 07/27/92";
10 #endif /* not lint */
11 
12 #include <sys/param.h>
13 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
14 #include <sys/time.h>
15 #include <sys/mount.h>
16 
17 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
18 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
19 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
20 #include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h>
21 
22 #include <unistd.h>
23 #include <errno.h>
24 #include <stdlib.h>
25 #include <string.h>
26 #include "config.h"
27 #include "extern.h"
28 
29 /*
30  * This table is indexed by the log base 2 of the block size.
31  * It returns the maximum file size allowed in a file system
32  * with the specified block size.  For block sizes smaller than
33  * 8K, the size is limited by tha maximum number of blocks that
34  * can be reached by triply indirect blocks:
35  *	NDADDR + INOPB(bsize) + INOPB(bsize)^2 + INOPB(bsize)^3
36  * For block size of 8K or larger, the file size is limited by the
37  * number of blocks that can be represented in the file system.  Since
38  * we use negative block numbers to represent indirect blocks, we can
39  * have a maximum of 2^31 blocks.
40  */
41 
42 u_quad_t maxtable[] = {
43 	/*    1 */ -1,
44 	/*    2 */ -1,
45 	/*    4 */ -1,
46 	/*    8 */ -1,
47 	/*   16 */ -1,
48 	/*   32 */ -1,
49 	/*   64 */ -1,
50 	/*  128 */ -1,
51 	/*  256 */ -1,
52 	/*  512 */ NDADDR + 128 + 128 * 128 + 128 * 128 * 128,
53 	/* 1024 */ NDADDR + 256 + 256 * 256 + 256 * 256 * 256,
54 	/* 2048 */ NDADDR + 512 + 512 * 512 + 512 * 512 * 512,
55 	/* 4096 */ NDADDR + 1024 + 1024 * 1024 + 1024 * 1024 * 1024,
56 	/* 8192 */ 2 ^ 31,
57 	/* 16 K */ 2 ^ 31,
58 	/* 32 K */ 2 ^ 31
59 };
60 
61 static struct lfs lfs_default =  {
62 	/* lfs_magic */		LFS_MAGIC,
63 	/* lfs_version */	LFS_VERSION,
64 	/* lfs_size */		0,
65 	/* lfs_ssize */		DFL_LFSSEG/DFL_LFSBLOCK,
66 	/* lfs_dsize */		0,
67 	/* lfs_bsize */		DFL_LFSBLOCK,
68 	/* lfs_fsize */		DFL_LFSBLOCK,
69 	/* lfs_frag */		1,
70 	/* lfs_free */		LFS_FIRST_INUM,
71 	/* lfs_bfree */		0,
72 	/* lfs_nfiles */	0,
73 	/* lfs_idaddr */	0,
74 	/* lfs_ifile */		LFS_IFILE_INUM,
75 	/* lfs_lastseg */	0,
76 	/* lfs_nextseg */	0,
77 	/* lfs_curseg */	0,
78 	/* lfs_offset */	0,
79 	/* lfs_lastpseg */	0,
80 	/* lfs_tstamp */	0,
81 	/* lfs_minfree */	MINFREE,
82 	/* lfs_maxfilesize */	0,
83 	/* lfs_dbpseg */	DFL_LFSSEG/DEV_BSIZE,
84 	/* lfs_inopb */		DFL_LFSBLOCK/sizeof(struct dinode),
85 	/* lfs_ifpb */		DFL_LFSBLOCK/sizeof(IFILE),
86 	/* lfs_sepb */		DFL_LFSBLOCK/sizeof(SEGUSE),
87 	/* lfs_nindir */	DFL_LFSBLOCK/sizeof(daddr_t),
88 	/* lfs_nseg */		0,
89 	/* lfs_nspf */		0,
90 	/* lfs_cleansz */	0,
91 	/* lfs_segtabsz */	0,
92 	/* lfs_segmask */	DFL_LFSSEG_MASK,
93 	/* lfs_segshift */	DFL_LFSSEG_SHIFT,
94 	/* lfs_bmask */		DFL_LFSBLOCK_MASK,
95 	/* lfs_bshift */	DFL_LFSBLOCK_SHIFT,
96 	/* lfs_ffmask */	0,
97 	/* lfs_ffshift */	0,
98 	/* lfs_fbmask */	0,
99 	/* lfs_fbshift */	0,
100 	/* lfs_fsbtodb */	0,
101 	/* lfs_sushift */	0,
102 	/* lfs_sboffs */	{ 0 },
103 	/* lfs_ivnode */	NULL,
104 	/* lfs_seglock */	0,
105 	/* lfs_iocount */	0,
106 	/* lfs_writer */	0,
107 	/* lfs_dirops */	0,
108 	/* lfs_doifile */	0,
109 	/* lfs_fmod */		0,
110 	/* lfs_clean */		0,
111 	/* lfs_ronly */		0,
112 	/* lfs_flags */		0,
113 	/* lfs_fsmnt */		{ 0 },
114 	/* lfs_pad */		{ 0 },
115 	/* lfs_cksum */		0
116 };
117 
118 
119 struct direct lfs_root_dir[] = {
120 	{ ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "."},
121 	{ ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".."},
122 	{ LFS_IFILE_INUM, sizeof(struct direct), DT_REG, 5, "ifile"},
123 	{ LOSTFOUNDINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 10, "lost+found"},
124 };
125 
126 struct direct lfs_lf_dir[] = {
127         { LOSTFOUNDINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 1, "." },
128         { ROOTINO, sizeof(struct direct), DT_DIR, 2, ".." },
129 };
130 
131 static daddr_t make_dinode
132 	__P((ino_t, struct dinode *, int, daddr_t, struct lfs *));
133 static void make_dir __P(( void *, struct direct *, int));
134 static void put __P((int, off_t, void *, size_t));
135 
136 int
137 make_lfs(fd, lp, partp, minfree, block_size, seg_size)
138 	int fd;
139 	struct disklabel *lp;
140 	struct partition *partp;
141 	int minfree;
142 	int block_size;
143 	int seg_size;
144 {
145 	struct dinode *dip;	/* Pointer to a disk inode */
146 	struct dinode *dpagep;	/* Pointer to page of disk inodes */
147 	CLEANERINFO *cleaninfo;	/* Segment cleaner information table */
148 	FINFO file_info;	/* File info structure in summary blocks */
149 	IFILE *ifile;		/* Pointer to array of ifile structures */
150 	IFILE *ip;		/* Pointer to array of ifile structures */
151 	struct lfs *lfsp;	/* Superblock */
152 	SEGUSE *segp;		/* Segment usage table */
153 	SEGUSE *segtable;	/* Segment usage table */
154 	SEGSUM summary;		/* Segment summary structure */
155 	SEGSUM *sp;		/* Segment summary pointer */
156 	daddr_t	last_sb_addr;	/* Address of superblocks */
157 	daddr_t last_addr;	/* Previous segment address */
158 	daddr_t	sb_addr;	/* Address of superblocks */
159 	daddr_t	seg_addr;	/* Address of current segment */
160 	void *ipagep;		/* Pointer to the page we use to write stuff */
161 	void *sump;		/* Used to copy stuff into segment buffer */
162 	u_long *block_array;	/* Array of logical block nos to put in sum */
163 	u_long blocks_used;	/* Number of blocks in first segment */
164 	u_long *dp;		/* Used to computed checksum on data */
165 	u_long *datasump;	/* Used to computed checksum on data */
166 	int block_array_size;	/* How many entries in block array */
167 	int bsize;		/* Block size */
168 	int db_per_fb;		/* Disk blocks per file block */
169 	int i, j;
170 	int off;		/* Offset at which to write */
171 	int sb_interval;	/* number of segs between super blocks */
172 	int seg_seek;		/* Seek offset for a segment */
173 	int ssize;		/* Segment size */
174 	int sum_size;		/* Size of the summary block */
175 
176 	lfsp = &lfs_default;
177 
178 	if (!(bsize = block_size))
179 		bsize = DFL_LFSBLOCK;
180 	if (!(ssize = seg_size))
181 		ssize = DFL_LFSSEG;
182 
183 	/* Modify parts of superblock overridden by command line arguments */
184 	if (bsize != DFL_LFSBLOCK) {
185 		lfsp->lfs_bshift = log2(bsize);
186 		if (1 << lfsp->lfs_bshift != bsize)
187 			fatal("%d: block size not a power of 2", bsize);
188 		lfsp->lfs_bsize = bsize;
189 		lfsp->lfs_fsize = bsize;
190 		lfsp->lfs_bmask = bsize - 1;
191 		lfsp->lfs_inopb = bsize / sizeof(struct dinode);
192 /* MIS -- should I round to power of 2 */
193 		lfsp->lfs_ifpb = bsize / sizeof(IFILE);
194 		lfsp->lfs_sepb = bsize / sizeof(SEGUSE);
195 		lfsp->lfs_nindir = bsize / sizeof(daddr_t);
196 	}
197 
198 	if (ssize != DFL_LFSSEG) {
199 		lfsp->lfs_segshift = log2(ssize);
200 		if (1 << lfsp->lfs_segshift != ssize)
201 			fatal("%d: segment size not power of 2", ssize);
202 		lfsp->lfs_ssize = ssize;
203 		lfsp->lfs_segmask = ssize - 1;
204 	}
205 	lfsp->lfs_ssize = ssize >> lfsp->lfs_bshift;
206 
207 	if (minfree)
208 		lfsp->lfs_minfree = minfree;
209 
210 	/*
211 	 * Fill in parts of superblock that can be computed from file system
212 	 * size, disk geometry and current time.
213 	 */
214 	db_per_fb = bsize/lp->d_secsize;
215 	lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb = log2(db_per_fb);
216 	lfsp->lfs_sushift = log2(lfsp->lfs_sepb);
217 	lfsp->lfs_size = partp->p_size >> lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb;
218 	lfsp->lfs_dsize = lfsp->lfs_size - (LFS_LABELPAD >> lfsp->lfs_bshift);
219 	lfsp->lfs_nseg = lfsp->lfs_dsize / lfsp->lfs_ssize;
220 	lfsp->lfs_maxfilesize = maxtable[lfsp->lfs_bshift] << lfsp->lfs_bshift;
221 
222 	/*
223 	 * The number of free blocks is set from the total data size (lfs_dsize)
224 	 * minus one sector for each segment (for the segment summary).  Then
225 	 * we'll subtract off the room for the superblocks, ifile entries and
226 	 * segment usage table.
227 	 */
228 	lfsp->lfs_bfree = lfsp->lfs_dsize * db_per_fb - lfsp->lfs_nseg;
229 	lfsp->lfs_segtabsz = SEGTABSIZE_SU(lfsp);
230 	lfsp->lfs_cleansz = CLEANSIZE_SU(lfsp);
231 	if ((lfsp->lfs_tstamp = time(NULL)) == -1)
232 		fatal("time: %s", strerror(errno));
233 	if ((sb_interval = lfsp->lfs_nseg / LFS_MAXNUMSB) < LFS_MIN_SBINTERVAL)
234 		sb_interval = LFS_MIN_SBINTERVAL;
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * Now, lay out the file system.  We need to figure out where
238 	 * the superblocks go, initialize the checkpoint information
239 	 * for the first two superblocks, initialize the segment usage
240 	 * information, put the segusage information in the ifile, create
241 	 * the first block of IFILE structures, and link all the IFILE
242 	 * structures into a free list.
243 	 */
244 
245 	/* Figure out where the superblocks are going to live */
246 	lfsp->lfs_sboffs[0] = LFS_LABELPAD/lp->d_secsize;
247 	for (i = 1; i < LFS_MAXNUMSB; i++) {
248 		sb_addr = ((i * sb_interval) <<
249 		    (lfsp->lfs_segshift - lfsp->lfs_bshift + lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb))
250 		    + lfsp->lfs_sboffs[0];
251 		if (sb_addr > partp->p_size)
252 			break;
253 		lfsp->lfs_sboffs[i] = sb_addr;
254 	}
255 	last_sb_addr = lfsp->lfs_sboffs[i - 1];
256 	lfsp->lfs_lastseg = lfsp->lfs_sboffs[0];
257 	lfsp->lfs_nextseg =
258 	    lfsp->lfs_sboffs[1] ? lfsp->lfs_sboffs[1] : lfsp->lfs_sboffs[0];
259 	lfsp->lfs_curseg = lfsp->lfs_lastseg;
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * Initialize the segment usage table.  The first segment will
263 	 * contain the superblock, the cleanerinfo (cleansz), the segusage
264 	 * table * (segtabsz), 1 block's worth of IFILE entries, the root
265 	 * directory, the lost+found directory and one block's worth of
266 	 * inodes (containing the ifile, root, and l+f inodes).
267 	 */
268 	if (!(cleaninfo = malloc(lfsp->lfs_cleansz << lfsp->lfs_bshift)))
269 		fatal("%s", strerror(errno));
270 	cleaninfo->clean = lfsp->lfs_nseg - 1;
271 	cleaninfo->dirty = 1;
272 
273 	if (!(segtable = malloc(lfsp->lfs_segtabsz << lfsp->lfs_bshift)))
274 		fatal("%s", strerror(errno));
275 	segp = segtable;
276 	blocks_used = lfsp->lfs_segtabsz + lfsp->lfs_cleansz + 4;
277 	segp->su_nbytes = blocks_used << lfsp->lfs_bshift;
278 	segp->su_lastmod = lfsp->lfs_tstamp;
279 	segp->su_nsums = 1;	/* 1 summary blocks */
280 	segp->su_ninos = 1;	/* 1 inode block */
281 	segp->su_flags = SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK | SEGUSE_DIRTY;
282 	lfsp->lfs_bfree -= db_per_fb *
283 	     (lfsp->lfs_cleansz + lfsp->lfs_segtabsz + 4);
284 
285 	/*
286 	 * Now figure out the address of the ifile inode. The inode block
287 	 * appears immediately after the segment summary.
288 	 */
289 	lfsp->lfs_idaddr = (LFS_LABELPAD + LFS_SBPAD + LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE) /
290 	    lp->d_secsize;
291 
292 	for (segp = segtable + 1, i = 1; i < lfsp->lfs_nseg; i++, segp++) {
293 		if ((i % sb_interval) == 0) {
294 			segp->su_flags = SEGUSE_SUPERBLOCK;
295 			lfsp->lfs_bfree -= (LFS_SBPAD / lp->d_secsize);
296 		} else
297 			segp->su_flags = 0;
298 		segp->su_lastmod = 0;
299 		segp->su_nbytes = 0;
300 		segp->su_ninos = 0;
301 		segp->su_nsums = 0;
302 	}
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * Ready to start writing segments.  The first segment is different
306 	 * because it contains the segment usage table and the ifile inode
307 	 * as well as a superblock.  For the rest of the segments, set the
308 	 * time stamp to be 0 so that the first segment is the most recent.
309 	 * For each segment that is supposed to contain a copy of the super
310 	 * block, initialize its first few blocks and its segment summary
311 	 * to indicate this.
312 	 */
313 	lfsp->lfs_nfiles = LFS_FIRST_INUM - 1;
314 	lfsp->lfs_cksum =
315 	    cksum(lfsp, sizeof(struct lfs) - sizeof(lfsp->lfs_cksum));
316 
317 	/* Now create a block of disk inodes */
318 	if (!(dpagep = malloc(lfsp->lfs_bsize)))
319 		fatal("%s", strerror(errno));
320 	dip = (struct dinode *)dpagep;
321 	bzero(dip, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
322 
323 	/* Create a block of IFILE structures. */
324 	if (!(ipagep = malloc(lfsp->lfs_bsize)))
325 		fatal("%s", strerror(errno));
326 	ifile = (IFILE *)ipagep;
327 
328 	/*
329 	 * Initialize IFILE.  It is the next block following the
330 	 * block of inodes (whose address has been calculated in
331 	 * lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
332 	 */
333 	sb_addr = lfsp->lfs_idaddr + lfsp->lfs_bsize / lp->d_secsize;
334 	sb_addr = make_dinode(LFS_IFILE_INUM, dip,
335 	    lfsp->lfs_cleansz + lfsp->lfs_segtabsz+1, sb_addr, lfsp);
336 	dip->di_mode = IFREG|IREAD|IWRITE;
337 	ip = &ifile[LFS_IFILE_INUM];
338 	ip->if_version = 1;
339 	ip->if_daddr = lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
340 
341 	/* Initialize the ROOT Directory */
342 	sb_addr = make_dinode(ROOTINO, ++dip, 1, sb_addr, lfsp);
343 	dip->di_mode = IFDIR|IREAD|IWRITE|IEXEC;
344 	dip->di_size = DIRBLKSIZ;
345 	dip->di_nlink = 3;
346 	ip = &ifile[ROOTINO];
347 	ip->if_version = 1;
348 	ip->if_daddr = lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
349 
350 	/* Initialize the lost+found Directory */
351 	sb_addr = make_dinode(LOSTFOUNDINO, ++dip, 1, sb_addr, lfsp);
352 	dip->di_mode = IFDIR|IREAD|IWRITE|IEXEC;
353 	dip->di_size = DIRBLKSIZ;
354 	dip->di_nlink = 2;
355 	ip = &ifile[LOSTFOUNDINO];
356 	ip->if_version = 1;
357 	ip->if_daddr = lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
358 
359 	/* Make all the other dinodes invalid */
360 	for (i = INOPB(lfsp)-3, dip++; i; i--, dip++)
361 		dip->di_inum = LFS_UNUSED_INUM;
362 
363 
364 	/* Link remaining IFILE entries in free list */
365 	for (ip = &ifile[LFS_FIRST_INUM], i = LFS_FIRST_INUM;
366 	    i < lfsp->lfs_ifpb; ++ip) {
367 		ip->if_version = 1;
368 		ip->if_daddr = LFS_UNUSED_DADDR;
369 		ip->if_nextfree = ++i;
370 	}
371 	ifile[lfsp->lfs_ifpb - 1].if_nextfree = LFS_UNUSED_INUM;
372 
373 	/* Now, write the segment */
374 
375 	/* Compute a checksum across all the data you're writing */
376 	dp = datasump = malloc (blocks_used * sizeof(u_long));
377 	*dp++ = ((u_long *)dpagep)[0];		/* inode block */
378 	for (i = 0; i < lfsp->lfs_cleansz; i++)
379 		*dp++ = ((u_long *)cleaninfo)[(i << lfsp->lfs_bshift) /
380 		    sizeof(u_long)];		/* Cleaner info */
381 	for (i = 0; i < lfsp->lfs_segtabsz; i++)
382 		*dp++ = ((u_long *)segtable)[(i << lfsp->lfs_bshift) /
383 		    sizeof(u_long)];		/* Segusage table */
384 	*dp++ = ((u_long *)ifile)[0];		/* Ifile */
385 
386 	/* Still need the root and l+f bytes; get them later */
387 
388 	/* Write out the inode block */
389 	off = LFS_LABELPAD + LFS_SBPAD + LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE;
390 	put(fd, off, dpagep, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
391 	free(dpagep);
392 	off += lfsp->lfs_bsize;
393 
394 	/* Write out the ifile */
395 
396 	put(fd, off, cleaninfo, lfsp->lfs_cleansz << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
397 	off += (lfsp->lfs_cleansz << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
398 	(void)free(cleaninfo);
399 
400 	put(fd, off, segtable, lfsp->lfs_segtabsz << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
401 	off += (lfsp->lfs_segtabsz << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
402 	(void)free(segtable);
403 
404 	put(fd, off, ifile, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
405 	off += lfsp->lfs_bsize;
406 
407 	/*
408 	 * use ipagep for space for writing out other stuff.  It used to
409 	 * contain the ifile, but we're done with it.
410 	 */
411 
412 	/* Write out the root and lost and found directories */
413 	bzero(ipagep, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
414 	make_dir(ipagep, lfs_root_dir,
415 	    sizeof(lfs_root_dir) / sizeof(struct direct));
416 	*dp++ = ((u_long *)ipagep)[0];
417 	put(fd, off, ipagep, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
418 	off += lfsp->lfs_bsize;
419 
420 	bzero(ipagep, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
421 	make_dir(ipagep, lfs_lf_dir,
422 		sizeof(lfs_lf_dir) / sizeof(struct direct));
423 	*dp++ = ((u_long *)ipagep)[0];
424 	put(fd, off, ipagep, lfsp->lfs_bsize);
425 
426 	/* Write Supberblock */
427 	lfsp->lfs_offset = (off + lfsp->lfs_bsize) / lp->d_secsize;
428 	put(fd, LFS_LABELPAD, lfsp, sizeof(struct lfs));
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * Finally, calculate all the fields for the summary structure
432 	 * and write it.
433 	 */
434 
435 	summary.ss_next = lfsp->lfs_nextseg;
436 	summary.ss_create = lfsp->lfs_tstamp;
437 	summary.ss_nfinfo = 3;
438 	summary.ss_ninos = 3;
439 	summary.ss_datasum = cksum(datasump, sizeof(u_long) * blocks_used);
440 
441 	/*
442 	 * Make sure that we don't overflow a summary block. We have to
443 	 * record: FINFO structures for ifile, root, and l+f.  The number
444 	 * of blocks recorded for the ifile is determined by the size of
445 	 * the cleaner info and the segments usage table.  There is room
446 	 * for one block included in sizeof(FINFO) so we don't need to add
447 	 * any extra space for the ROOT and L+F, and one block of the ifile
448 	 * is already counted.  Finally, we leave room for 1 inode block
449 	 * address.
450 	 */
451 	sum_size = 3*sizeof(FINFO) + sizeof(SEGSUM) + sizeof(daddr_t) +
452 	    (lfsp->lfs_cleansz + lfsp->lfs_segtabsz) * sizeof(u_long);
453 #define	SUMERR \
454 "Multiple summary blocks in segment 1 not yet implemented\nsummary is %d bytes."
455 	if (sum_size > LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE)
456 		fatal(SUMERR, sum_size);
457 
458 		block_array_size = lfsp->lfs_cleansz + lfsp->lfs_segtabsz + 1;
459 
460 	if (!(block_array = malloc(block_array_size *sizeof(int))))
461 		fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
462 
463 	/* fill in the array */
464 	for (i = 0; i < block_array_size; i++)
465 		block_array[i] = i;
466 
467 	/* copy into segment */
468 	sump = ipagep;
469 	bcopy(&summary, sump, sizeof(SEGSUM));
470 	sump += sizeof(SEGSUM);
471 
472 	/* Now, add the ifile */
473 	file_info.fi_nblocks = block_array_size;
474 	file_info.fi_version = 1;
475 	file_info.fi_ino = LFS_IFILE_INUM;
476 
477 	bcopy(&file_info, sump, sizeof(FINFO) - sizeof(u_long));
478 	sump += sizeof(FINFO) - sizeof(u_long);
479 	bcopy(block_array, sump, sizeof(u_long) * file_info.fi_nblocks);
480 	sump += sizeof(u_long) * file_info.fi_nblocks;
481 
482 	/* Now, add the root directory */
483 	file_info.fi_nblocks = 1;
484 	file_info.fi_version = 1;
485 	file_info.fi_ino = ROOTINO;
486 	file_info.fi_blocks[0] = 0;
487 	bcopy(&file_info, sump, sizeof(FINFO));
488 	sump += sizeof(FINFO);
489 
490 	/* Now, add the lost and found */
491 	file_info.fi_ino = LOSTFOUNDINO;
492 	bcopy(&file_info, sump, sizeof(FINFO));
493 
494 	((daddr_t *)ipagep)[LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE / sizeof(daddr_t) - 1] =
495 	    lfsp->lfs_idaddr;
496 	((SEGSUM *)ipagep)->ss_sumsum = cksum(ipagep+sizeof(summary.ss_sumsum),
497 	    LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE - sizeof(summary.ss_sumsum));
498 	put(fd, LFS_LABELPAD + LFS_SBPAD, ipagep, LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE);
499 
500 	sp = (SEGSUM *)ipagep;
501 	sp->ss_create = 0;
502 	sp->ss_nfinfo = 0;
503 	sp->ss_ninos = 0;
504 	sp->ss_datasum = 0;
505 
506 	/* Now write the summary block for the next partial so it's invalid */
507 	lfsp->lfs_tstamp = 0;
508 	off += lfsp->lfs_bsize;
509 	sp->ss_sumsum =
510 	    cksum(&sp->ss_datasum, LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE - sizeof(sp->ss_sumsum));
511 	put(fd, off, sp, LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE);
512 
513 	/* Now, write rest of segments containing superblocks */
514 	lfsp->lfs_cksum =
515 	    cksum(lfsp, sizeof(struct lfs) - sizeof(lfsp->lfs_cksum));
516 	for (seg_addr = last_addr = lfsp->lfs_sboffs[0], j = 1, i = 1;
517 	    i < lfsp->lfs_nseg; i++) {
518 
519 		seg_addr += lfsp->lfs_ssize << lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb;
520 		sp->ss_next = last_addr;
521 		last_addr = seg_addr;
522 		seg_seek = seg_addr * lp->d_secsize;
523 
524 		if (seg_addr == lfsp->lfs_sboffs[j]) {
525 			if (j < (LFS_MAXNUMSB - 2))
526 				j++;
527 			put(fd, seg_seek, lfsp, sizeof(struct lfs));
528 			seg_seek += LFS_SBPAD;
529 		}
530 
531 		/* Summary */
532 		sp->ss_sumsum = cksum(&sp->ss_datasum,
533 		    LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE - sizeof(sp->ss_sumsum));
534 		put(fd, seg_seek, sp, LFS_SUMMARY_SIZE);
535 	}
536 	free(ipagep);
537 	close(fd);
538 	return (0);
539 }
540 
541 static void
542 put(fd, off, p, len)
543 	int fd;
544 	off_t off;
545 	void *p;
546 	size_t len;
547 {
548 	int wbytes;
549 
550 	if (lseek(fd, off, SEEK_SET) < 0)
551 		fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
552 	if ((wbytes = write(fd, p, len)) < 0)
553 		fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
554 	if (wbytes != len)
555 		fatal("%s: short write (%d, not %d)", special, wbytes, len);
556 }
557 
558 /*
559  * Create the root directory for this file system and the lost+found
560  * directory.
561  */
562 
563 	u_long	d_ino;			/* inode number of entry */
564 	u_short	d_reclen;		/* length of this record */
565 	u_short	d_namlen;		/* length of string in d_name */
566 	char	d_name[MAXNAMLEN + 1];	/* name with length <= MAXNAMLEN */
567 void
568 lfsinit()
569 {}
570 
571 static daddr_t
572 make_dinode(ino, dip, nblocks, saddr, lfsp)
573 	ino_t ino;				/* inode we're creating */
574 	struct dinode *dip;			/* disk inode */
575 	int nblocks;				/* number of blocks in file */
576 	daddr_t saddr;				/* starting block address */
577 	struct lfs *lfsp;			/* superblock */
578 {
579 	int db_per_fb, i;
580 
581 	dip->di_nlink = 1;
582 	dip->di_blocks = nblocks << lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb;
583 
584 	dip->di_size = (nblocks << lfsp->lfs_bshift);
585 	dip->di_atime.ts_sec = dip->di_mtime.ts_sec =
586 	    dip->di_ctime.ts_sec = lfsp->lfs_tstamp;
587 	dip->di_atime.ts_nsec = dip->di_mtime.ts_nsec =
588 	    dip->di_ctime.ts_nsec = 0;
589 	dip->di_inum = ino;
590 
591 #define	SEGERR \
592 "File requires more than the number of direct blocks; increase block or segment size."
593 	if (NDADDR < nblocks)
594 		fatal("%s", SEGERR);
595 
596 	/* Assign the block addresses for the ifile */
597 	db_per_fb = 1 << lfsp->lfs_fsbtodb;
598 	for (i = 0; i < nblocks; i++, saddr += db_per_fb)
599 		dip->di_db[i] = saddr;
600 
601 	return (saddr);
602 }
603 
604 
605 /*
606  * Construct a set of directory entries in "bufp".  We assume that all the
607  * entries in protodir fir in the first DIRBLKSIZ.
608  */
609 static void
610 make_dir(bufp, protodir, entries)
611 	void *bufp;
612 	register struct direct *protodir;
613 	int entries;
614 {
615 	char *cp;
616 	int i, spcleft;
617 
618 	spcleft = DIRBLKSIZ;
619 	for (cp = bufp, i = 0; i < entries - 1; i++) {
620 		protodir[i].d_reclen = DIRSIZ(NEWDIRFMT, &protodir[i]);
621 		bcopy(&protodir[i], cp, protodir[i].d_reclen);
622 		cp += protodir[i].d_reclen;
623 		if ((spcleft -= protodir[i].d_reclen) < 0)
624 			fatal("%s: %s", special, "directory too big");
625 	}
626 	protodir[i].d_reclen = spcleft;
627 	bcopy(&protodir[i], cp, DIRSIZ(NEWDIRFMT, &protodir[i]));
628 }
629