xref: /original-bsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 883fb6be)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
4  * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
5  *
6  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	7.2.1.1 (Berkeley) 03/28/87
7  */
8 
9 #include "param.h"
10 #include "systm.h"
11 #include "mbuf.h"
12 #include "protosw.h"
13 #include "socket.h"
14 #include "socketvar.h"
15 #include "errno.h"
16 
17 #include "../net/route.h"
18 
19 #include "in.h"
20 #include "in_pcb.h"
21 #include "in_systm.h"
22 #include "ip.h"
23 #include "ip_var.h"
24 #include "tcp.h"
25 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
26 #include "tcp_fsm.h"
27 #include "tcp_seq.h"
28 #include "tcp_timer.h"
29 #include "tcp_var.h"
30 #include "tcpip.h"
31 #include "tcp_debug.h"
32 
33 /*
34  * Initial options.
35  */
36 u_char	tcp_initopt[4] = { TCPOPT_MAXSEG, 4, 0x0, 0x0, };
37 
38 /*
39  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
40  */
41 tcp_output(tp)
42 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
43 {
44 	register struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
45 	register int len, win;
46 	struct mbuf *m0;
47 	int off, flags, error;
48 	register struct mbuf *m;
49 	register struct tcpiphdr *ti;
50 	u_char *opt;
51 	unsigned optlen = 0;
52 	int idle, sendalot;
53 
54 	/*
55 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
56 	 * and flags that will be used.
57 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
58 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
59 	 */
60 	idle = (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
61 again:
62 	sendalot = 0;
63 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
64 	win = MIN(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
65 
66 	/*
67 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
68 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
69 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
70 	 * and go to transmit state.
71 	 */
72 	if (tp->t_force) {
73 		if (win == 0)
74 			win = 1;
75 		else {
76 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
77 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
78 		}
79 	}
80 
81 	len = MIN(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;
82 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
83 
84 	if (len < 0) {
85 		/*
86 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
87 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
88 		 * len will be -1; transmit if acking, otherwise no need.
89 		 * Otherwise, window shrank after we sent into it.
90 		 * If window shrank to 0, cancel pending retransmit
91 		 * and pull snd_nxt back to (closed) window.
92 		 * We will enter persist state below.
93 		 * If the window didn't close completely,
94 		 * just wait for an ACK.
95 		 */
96 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
97 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
98 				len = 0;
99 			else
100 				return (0);
101 		} else if (win == 0) {
102 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = 0;
103 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
104 			len = 0;
105 		} else
106 			return (0);
107 	}
108 	if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
109 		len = tp->t_maxseg;
110 		/*
111 		 * Don't send more than one segment if retransmitting
112 		 * (or persisting, but then we shouldn't be here).
113 		 */
114 		if (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)
115 			sendalot = 1;
116 	}
117 	if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc))
118 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
119 	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
120 
121 
122 	/*
123 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
124 	 * and we have not yet done so, or we're retransmitting the FIN,
125 	 * then we need to send.
126 	 */
127 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
128 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
129 		goto send;
130 	/*
131 	 * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
132 	 */
133 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
134 		goto send;
135 	if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_RST))
136 		goto send;
137 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
138 		goto send;
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.  If connection is idle
142 	 * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
143 	 * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
144 	 * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
145 	 * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
146 	 * when window is at least half open.
147 	 * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
148 	 * to send into a small window), then must resend.
149 	 */
150 	if (len) {
151 		if (len == tp->t_maxseg || len >= TCP_MSS)	/* a lot */
152 			goto send;
153 		if ((idle || tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY) &&
154 		    len + off >= so->so_snd.sb_cc)
155 			goto send;
156 		if (tp->t_force)
157 			goto send;
158 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2)
159 			goto send;
160 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
161 			goto send;
162 	}
163 
164 	/*
165 	 * Compare available window to amount of window
166 	 * known to peer (as advertised window less
167 	 * next expected input.)  If the difference is 35% or more of the
168 	 * maximum possible window, then want to send a window update to peer.
169 	 */
170 	if (win > 0 &&
171 	    ((100*(win-(tp->rcv_adv-tp->rcv_nxt))/so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat) >= 35))
172 		goto send;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
176 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
177 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
178 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
179 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
180 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
181 	 *
182 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
183 	 *	is set when we are in persist state.
184 	 * tp->t_force
185 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
186 	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
187 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
188 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
189 	 *
190 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
191 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
192 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
193 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
194 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
195 	 */
196 	if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
197 	    tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
198 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
199 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
200 	}
201 
202 	/*
203 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
204 	 */
205 	return (0);
206 
207 send:
208 	/*
209 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
210 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
211 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
212 	 */
213 	MGET(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
214 	if (m == NULL)
215 		return (ENOBUFS);
216 	m->m_off = MMAXOFF - sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
217 	m->m_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
218 	if (len) {
219 		m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, len);
220 		if (m->m_next == 0)
221 			len = 0;
222 	}
223 	ti = mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);
224 	if (tp->t_template == 0)
225 		panic("tcp_output");
226 	bcopy((caddr_t)tp->t_template, (caddr_t)ti, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr));
227 
228 	/*
229 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
230 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
231 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
232 	 */
233 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN && len == 0)
234 		tp->snd_nxt--;
235 	ti->ti_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
236 	ti->ti_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
237 	/*
238 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
239 	 * unless TCP set to not do any options.
240 	 */
241 	opt = NULL;
242 	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
243 		u_short mss;
244 
245 		mss = MIN(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 2, tcp_mss(tp));
246 		if (mss > IP_MSS - sizeof(struct tcpiphdr)) {
247 			opt = tcp_initopt;
248 			optlen = sizeof (tcp_initopt);
249 			*(u_short *)(opt + 2) = htons(mss);
250 		}
251 	} else if (tp->t_tcpopt) {
252 		opt = mtod(tp->t_tcpopt, u_char *);
253 		optlen = tp->t_tcpopt->m_len;
254 	}
255 	if (opt) {
256 		m0 = m->m_next;
257 		m->m_next = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
258 		if (m->m_next == 0) {
259 			(void) m_free(m);
260 			m_freem(m0);
261 			return (ENOBUFS);
262 		}
263 		m->m_next->m_next = m0;
264 		m0 = m->m_next;
265 		m0->m_len = optlen;
266 		bcopy((caddr_t)opt, mtod(m0, caddr_t), optlen);
267 		opt = (u_char *)(mtod(m0, caddr_t) + optlen);
268 		while (m0->m_len & 0x3) {
269 			*opt++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
270 			m0->m_len++;
271 		}
272 		optlen = m0->m_len;
273 		ti->ti_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
274 	}
275 	ti->ti_flags = flags;
276 	/*
277 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
278 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
279 	 */
280 	if (win < so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4 && win < tp->t_maxseg)
281 		win = 0;
282 	if (win < (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
283 		win = (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
284 	ti->ti_win = htons((u_short)win);
285 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
286 		ti->ti_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
287 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_URG;
288 	} else
289 		/*
290 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
291 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
292 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
293 		 * number wraparound.
294 		 */
295 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
296 	/*
297 	 * If anything to send and we can send it all, set PUSH.
298 	 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
299 	 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or a PUSH comes in.)
300 	 */
301 	if (len && off+len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
302 		ti->ti_flags |= TH_PUSH;
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
306 	 * checksum extended header and data.
307 	 */
308 	if (len + optlen)
309 		ti->ti_len = htons((u_short)(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
310 		    optlen + len));
311 	ti->ti_sum = in_cksum(m, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + (int)optlen + len);
312 
313 	/*
314 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
315 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
316 	 */
317 	if (tp->t_force == 0 || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
318 		/*
319 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
320 		 */
321 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
322 			tp->snd_nxt++;
323 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
324 			tp->snd_nxt++;
325 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
326 		}
327 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
328 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
329 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
330 			/*
331 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
332 			 * not currently timing anything.
333 			 */
334 			if (tp->t_rtt == 0) {
335 				tp->t_rtt = 1;
336 				tp->t_rtseq = tp->snd_nxt - len;
337 			}
338 		}
339 
340 		/*
341 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
342 		 * and not doing an ack or a keep-alive probe.
343 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is tcp_beta*tp->t_srtt.
344 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
345 		 * of retransmit time.
346 		 */
347 		if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
348 		    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
349 			TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT],
350 			  tcp_beta * (tp->t_srtt ? tp->t_srtt : TCPTV_SRTTDFLT),
351 			  TCPTV_MIN, TCPTV_MAX);
352 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
353 			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
354 		}
355 	} else
356 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_max))
357 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + len;
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * Trace.
361 	 */
362 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
363 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, ti, 0);
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
367 	 * send to IP level.
368 	 */
369 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen + len;
370 	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_ttl = TCP_TTL;
371 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
372 	    so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE);
373 	if (error)
374 		return (error);
375 
376 	/*
377 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
378 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
379 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
380 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
381 	 */
382 	if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
383 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
384 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW|TF_DELACK);
385 	if (sendalot)
386 		goto again;
387 	return (0);
388 }
389 
390 tcp_setpersist(tp)
391 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
392 {
393 
394 	if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT])
395 		panic("tcp_output REXMT");
396 	/*
397 	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
398 	 */
399 	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST],
400 	    ((int)(tcp_beta * tp->t_srtt)) << tp->t_rxtshift,
401 	    TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_MAX);
402 	tp->t_rxtshift++;
403 	if (tp->t_rxtshift >= TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
404 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
405 }
406