xref: /original-bsd/usr.sbin/sendmail/src/domain.c (revision 948d00a2)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1986 Eric P. Allman
3  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * %sccs.include.redist.c%
7  */
8 
9 #include "sendmail.h"
10 
11 #ifndef lint
12 #if NAMED_BIND
13 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)domain.c	8.29 (Berkeley) 11/13/94 (with name server)";
14 #else
15 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)domain.c	8.29 (Berkeley) 11/13/94 (without name server)";
16 #endif
17 #endif /* not lint */
18 
19 #if NAMED_BIND
20 
21 #include <errno.h>
22 #include <resolv.h>
23 #include <netdb.h>
24 
25 typedef union
26 {
27 	HEADER	qb1;
28 	u_char	qb2[PACKETSZ];
29 } querybuf;
30 
31 static char	MXHostBuf[MAXMXHOSTS*PACKETSZ];
32 
33 #ifndef MAXDNSRCH
34 #define MAXDNSRCH	6	/* number of possible domains to search */
35 #endif
36 
37 #ifndef MAX
38 #define MAX(a, b)	((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
39 #endif
40 
41 #ifndef NO_DATA
42 # define NO_DATA	NO_ADDRESS
43 #endif
44 
45 #ifndef HFIXEDSZ
46 # define HFIXEDSZ	12	/* sizeof(HEADER) */
47 #endif
48 
49 #define MAXCNAMEDEPTH	10	/* maximum depth of CNAME recursion */
50 
51 #if defined(__RES) && (__RES >= 19940415)
52 # define RES_UNC_T	char *
53 #else
54 # define RES_UNC_T	u_char *
55 #endif
56 /*
57 **  GETMXRR -- get MX resource records for a domain
58 **
59 **	Parameters:
60 **		host -- the name of the host to MX.
61 **		mxhosts -- a pointer to a return buffer of MX records.
62 **		droplocalhost -- If TRUE, all MX records less preferred
63 **			than the local host (as determined by $=w) will
64 **			be discarded.
65 **		rcode -- a pointer to an EX_ status code.
66 **
67 **	Returns:
68 **		The number of MX records found.
69 **		-1 if there is an internal failure.
70 **		If no MX records are found, mxhosts[0] is set to host
71 **			and 1 is returned.
72 */
73 
74 getmxrr(host, mxhosts, droplocalhost, rcode)
75 	char *host;
76 	char **mxhosts;
77 	bool droplocalhost;
78 	int *rcode;
79 {
80 	extern int h_errno;
81 	register u_char *eom, *cp;
82 	register int i, j, n;
83 	int nmx = 0;
84 	register char *bp;
85 	HEADER *hp;
86 	querybuf answer;
87 	int ancount, qdcount, buflen;
88 	bool seenlocal = FALSE;
89 	u_short pref, localpref, type;
90 	char *fallbackMX = FallBackMX;
91 	static bool firsttime = TRUE;
92 	STAB *st;
93 	bool trycanon = FALSE;
94 	u_short prefer[MAXMXHOSTS];
95 	int weight[MAXMXHOSTS];
96 	extern bool getcanonname();
97 
98 	if (tTd(8, 2))
99 		printf("getmxrr(%s, droplocalhost=%d)\n", host, droplocalhost);
100 
101 	if (fallbackMX != NULL)
102 	{
103 		if (firsttime &&
104 		    res_query(FallBackMX, C_IN, T_A,
105 			      (u_char *) &answer, sizeof answer) < 0)
106 		{
107 			/* this entry is bogus */
108 			fallbackMX = FallBackMX = NULL;
109 		}
110 		else if (droplocalhost &&
111 			 (st = stab(fallbackMX, ST_CLASS, ST_FIND)) != NULL &&
112 			 bitnset('w', st->s_class))
113 		{
114 			/* don't use fallback for this pass */
115 			fallbackMX = NULL;
116 		}
117 		firsttime = FALSE;
118 	}
119 
120 	/* efficiency hack -- numeric or non-MX lookups */
121 	if (host[0] == '[')
122 		goto punt;
123 
124 	/*
125 	**  If we don't have MX records in our host switch, don't
126 	**  try for MX records.  Note that this really isn't "right",
127 	**  since we might be set up to try NIS first and then DNS;
128 	**  if the host is found in NIS we really shouldn't be doing
129 	**  MX lookups.  However, that should be a degenerate case.
130 	*/
131 
132 	if (!UseNameServer)
133 		goto punt;
134 
135 	errno = 0;
136 	n = res_search(host, C_IN, T_MX, (u_char *) &answer, sizeof(answer));
137 	if (n < 0)
138 	{
139 		if (tTd(8, 1))
140 			printf("getmxrr: res_search(%s) failed (errno=%d, h_errno=%d)\n",
141 			    (host == NULL) ? "<NULL>" : host, errno, h_errno);
142 		switch (h_errno)
143 		{
144 		  case NO_DATA:
145 			trycanon = TRUE;
146 			/* fall through */
147 
148 		  case NO_RECOVERY:
149 			/* no MX data on this host */
150 			goto punt;
151 
152 		  case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
153 #ifdef BROKEN_RES_SEARCH
154 		  case 0:	/* Ultrix resolver retns failure w/ h_errno=0 */
155 #endif
156 			/* host doesn't exist in DNS; might be in /etc/hosts */
157 			*rcode = EX_NOHOST;
158 			goto punt;
159 
160 		  case TRY_AGAIN:
161 			/* couldn't connect to the name server */
162 			/* it might come up later; better queue it up */
163 			*rcode = EX_TEMPFAIL;
164 			break;
165 
166 		  default:
167 			syserr("getmxrr: res_search (%s) failed with impossible h_errno (%d)\n",
168 				host, h_errno);
169 			*rcode = EX_OSERR;
170 			break;
171 		}
172 
173 		/* irreconcilable differences */
174 		return (-1);
175 	}
176 
177 	/* find first satisfactory answer */
178 	hp = (HEADER *)&answer;
179 	cp = (u_char *)&answer + HFIXEDSZ;
180 	eom = (u_char *)&answer + n;
181 	for (qdcount = ntohs(hp->qdcount); qdcount--; cp += n + QFIXEDSZ)
182 		if ((n = dn_skipname(cp, eom)) < 0)
183 			goto punt;
184 	buflen = sizeof(MXHostBuf) - 1;
185 	bp = MXHostBuf;
186 	ancount = ntohs(hp->ancount);
187 	while (--ancount >= 0 && cp < eom && nmx < MAXMXHOSTS - 1)
188 	{
189 		if ((n = dn_expand((u_char *)&answer,
190 		    eom, cp, (RES_UNC_T) bp, buflen)) < 0)
191 			break;
192 		cp += n;
193 		GETSHORT(type, cp);
194  		cp += INT16SZ + INT32SZ;
195 		GETSHORT(n, cp);
196 		if (type != T_MX)
197 		{
198 			if (tTd(8, 8) || _res.options & RES_DEBUG)
199 				printf("unexpected answer type %d, size %d\n",
200 				    type, n);
201 			cp += n;
202 			continue;
203 		}
204 		GETSHORT(pref, cp);
205 		if ((n = dn_expand((u_char *)&answer, eom, cp,
206 				   (RES_UNC_T) bp, buflen)) < 0)
207 			break;
208 		cp += n;
209 		if (droplocalhost &&
210 		    (st = stab(bp, ST_CLASS, ST_FIND)) != NULL &&
211 		    bitnset('w', st->s_class))
212 		{
213 			if (tTd(8, 3))
214 				printf("found localhost (%s) in MX list, pref=%d\n",
215 					bp, pref);
216 			if (!seenlocal || pref < localpref)
217 				localpref = pref;
218 			seenlocal = TRUE;
219 			continue;
220 		}
221 		weight[nmx] = mxrand(bp);
222 		prefer[nmx] = pref;
223 		mxhosts[nmx++] = bp;
224 		n = strlen(bp);
225 		bp += n;
226 		if (bp[-1] != '.')
227 		{
228 			*bp++ = '.';
229 			n++;
230 		}
231 		*bp++ = '\0';
232 		buflen -= n + 1;
233 	}
234 
235 	/* sort the records */
236 	for (i = 0; i < nmx; i++)
237 	{
238 		for (j = i + 1; j < nmx; j++)
239 		{
240 			if (prefer[i] > prefer[j] ||
241 			    (prefer[i] == prefer[j] && weight[i] > weight[j]))
242 			{
243 				register int temp;
244 				register char *temp1;
245 
246 				temp = prefer[i];
247 				prefer[i] = prefer[j];
248 				prefer[j] = temp;
249 				temp1 = mxhosts[i];
250 				mxhosts[i] = mxhosts[j];
251 				mxhosts[j] = temp1;
252 				temp = weight[i];
253 				weight[i] = weight[j];
254 				weight[j] = temp;
255 			}
256 		}
257 		if (seenlocal && prefer[i] >= localpref)
258 		{
259 			/* truncate higher preference part of list */
260 			nmx = i;
261 		}
262 	}
263 
264 	if (nmx == 0)
265 	{
266 punt:
267 		if (seenlocal &&
268 		    (!TryNullMXList || gethostbyname(host) == NULL))
269 		{
270 			/*
271 			**  If we have deleted all MX entries, this is
272 			**  an error -- we should NEVER send to a host that
273 			**  has an MX, and this should have been caught
274 			**  earlier in the config file.
275 			**
276 			**  Some sites prefer to go ahead and try the
277 			**  A record anyway; that case is handled by
278 			**  setting TryNullMXList.  I believe this is a
279 			**  bad idea, but it's up to you....
280 			*/
281 
282 			*rcode = EX_CONFIG;
283 			syserr("MX list for %s points back to %s",
284 				host, MyHostName);
285 			return -1;
286 		}
287 		strcpy(MXHostBuf, host);
288 		mxhosts[0] = MXHostBuf;
289 		if (host[0] == '[')
290 		{
291 			register char *p;
292 
293 			/* this may be an MX suppression-style address */
294 			p = strchr(MXHostBuf, ']');
295 			if (p != NULL)
296 			{
297 				*p = '\0';
298 				if (inet_addr(&MXHostBuf[1]) != -1)
299 					*p = ']';
300 				else
301 				{
302 					trycanon = TRUE;
303 					mxhosts[0]++;
304 				}
305 			}
306 		}
307 		if (trycanon &&
308 		    getcanonname(mxhosts[0], sizeof MXHostBuf - 2, FALSE))
309 		{
310 			bp = &MXHostBuf[strlen(MXHostBuf)];
311 			if (bp[-1] != '.')
312 			{
313 				*bp++ = '.';
314 				*bp = '\0';
315 			}
316 		}
317 		nmx = 1;
318 	}
319 
320 	/* if we have a default lowest preference, include that */
321 	if (fallbackMX != NULL && !seenlocal)
322 		mxhosts[nmx++] = fallbackMX;
323 
324 	return (nmx);
325 }
326 /*
327 **  MXRAND -- create a randomizer for equal MX preferences
328 **
329 **	If two MX hosts have equal preferences we want to randomize
330 **	the selection.  But in order for signatures to be the same,
331 **	we need to randomize the same way each time.  This function
332 **	computes a pseudo-random hash function from the host name.
333 **
334 **	Parameters:
335 **		host -- the name of the host.
336 **
337 **	Returns:
338 **		A random but repeatable value based on the host name.
339 **
340 **	Side Effects:
341 **		none.
342 */
343 
344 mxrand(host)
345 	register char *host;
346 {
347 	int hfunc;
348 	static unsigned int seed;
349 
350 	if (seed == 0)
351 	{
352 		seed = (int) curtime() & 0xffff;
353 		if (seed == 0)
354 			seed++;
355 	}
356 
357 	if (tTd(17, 9))
358 		printf("mxrand(%s)", host);
359 
360 	hfunc = seed;
361 	while (*host != '\0')
362 	{
363 		int c = *host++;
364 
365 		if (isascii(c) && isupper(c))
366 			c = tolower(c);
367 		hfunc = ((hfunc << 1) ^ c) % 2003;
368 	}
369 
370 	hfunc &= 0xff;
371 
372 	if (tTd(17, 9))
373 		printf(" = %d\n", hfunc);
374 	return hfunc;
375 }
376 /*
377 **  GETCANONNAME -- get the canonical name for named host
378 **
379 **	This algorithm tries to be smart about wildcard MX records.
380 **	This is hard to do because DNS doesn't tell is if we matched
381 **	against a wildcard or a specific MX.
382 **
383 **	We always prefer A & CNAME records, since these are presumed
384 **	to be specific.
385 **
386 **	If we match an MX in one pass and lose it in the next, we use
387 **	the old one.  For example, consider an MX matching *.FOO.BAR.COM.
388 **	A hostname bletch.foo.bar.com will match against this MX, but
389 **	will stop matching when we try bletch.bar.com -- so we know
390 **	that bletch.foo.bar.com must have been right.  This fails if
391 **	there was also an MX record matching *.BAR.COM, but there are
392 **	some things that just can't be fixed.
393 **
394 **	Parameters:
395 **		host -- a buffer containing the name of the host.
396 **			This is a value-result parameter.
397 **		hbsize -- the size of the host buffer.
398 **		trymx -- if set, try MX records as well as A and CNAME.
399 **
400 **	Returns:
401 **		TRUE -- if the host matched.
402 **		FALSE -- otherwise.
403 */
404 
405 bool
406 getcanonname(host, hbsize, trymx)
407 	char *host;
408 	int hbsize;
409 	bool trymx;
410 {
411 	extern int h_errno;
412 	register u_char *eom, *ap;
413 	register char *cp;
414 	register int n;
415 	HEADER *hp;
416 	querybuf answer;
417 	int ancount, qdcount;
418 	int ret;
419 	char **domain;
420 	int type;
421 	char **dp;
422 	char *mxmatch;
423 	bool amatch;
424 	bool gotmx;
425 	int qtype;
426 	int loopcnt;
427 	char *xp;
428 	char nbuf[MAX(PACKETSZ, MAXDNAME*2+2)];
429 	char *searchlist[MAXDNSRCH+2];
430 	extern char *gethostalias();
431 
432 	if (tTd(8, 2))
433 		printf("getcanonname(%s)\n", host);
434 
435 	if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0 && res_init() == -1)
436 		return (FALSE);
437 
438 	/*
439 	**  Initialize domain search list.  If there is at least one
440 	**  dot in the name, search the unmodified name first so we
441 	**  find "vse.CS" in Czechoslovakia instead of in the local
442 	**  domain (e.g., vse.CS.Berkeley.EDU).
443 	**
444 	**  Older versions of the resolver could create this
445 	**  list by tearing apart the host name.
446 	*/
447 
448 	loopcnt = 0;
449 cnameloop:
450 	for (cp = host, n = 0; *cp; cp++)
451 		if (*cp == '.')
452 			n++;
453 
454 	if (n == 0 && (xp = gethostalias(host)) != NULL)
455 	{
456 		if (loopcnt++ > MAXCNAMEDEPTH)
457 		{
458 			syserr("loop in ${HOSTALIASES} file");
459 		}
460 		else
461 		{
462 			strncpy(host, xp, hbsize);
463 			host[hbsize - 1] = '\0';
464 			goto cnameloop;
465 		}
466 	}
467 
468 	dp = searchlist;
469 	if (n > 0)
470 		*dp++ = "";
471 	if (n >= 0 && *--cp != '.' && bitset(RES_DNSRCH, _res.options))
472 	{
473 		for (domain = _res.dnsrch; *domain != NULL; )
474 			*dp++ = *domain++;
475 	}
476 	else if (n == 0 && bitset(RES_DEFNAMES, _res.options))
477 	{
478 		*dp++ = _res.defdname;
479 	}
480 	else if (*cp == '.')
481 	{
482 		*cp = '\0';
483 	}
484 	*dp = NULL;
485 
486 	/*
487 	**  Now run through the search list for the name in question.
488 	*/
489 
490 	mxmatch = NULL;
491 	qtype = T_ANY;
492 
493 	for (dp = searchlist; *dp != NULL; )
494 	{
495 		if (qtype == T_ANY)
496 			gotmx = FALSE;
497 		if (tTd(8, 5))
498 			printf("getcanonname: trying %s.%s (%s)\n", host, *dp,
499 				qtype == T_ANY ? "ANY" : qtype == T_A ? "A" :
500 				qtype == T_MX ? "MX" : "???");
501 		ret = res_querydomain(host, *dp, C_IN, qtype,
502 				      answer.qb2, sizeof(answer.qb2));
503 		if (ret <= 0)
504 		{
505 			if (tTd(8, 7))
506 				printf("\tNO: errno=%d, h_errno=%d\n",
507 					errno, h_errno);
508 
509 			if (errno == ECONNREFUSED || h_errno == TRY_AGAIN)
510 			{
511 				/* the name server seems to be down */
512 				h_errno = TRY_AGAIN;
513 				return FALSE;
514 			}
515 
516 			if (h_errno != HOST_NOT_FOUND)
517 			{
518 				/* might have another type of interest */
519 				if (qtype == T_ANY)
520 				{
521 					qtype = T_A;
522 					continue;
523 				}
524 				else if (qtype == T_A && !gotmx && trymx)
525 				{
526 					qtype = T_MX;
527 					continue;
528 				}
529 			}
530 
531 			if (mxmatch != NULL)
532 			{
533 				/* we matched before -- use that one */
534 				break;
535 			}
536 
537 			/* otherwise, try the next name */
538 			dp++;
539 			qtype = T_ANY;
540 			continue;
541 		}
542 		else if (tTd(8, 7))
543 			printf("\tYES\n");
544 
545 		/*
546 		**  This might be a bogus match.  Search for A or
547 		**  CNAME records.  If we don't have a matching
548 		**  wild card MX record, we will accept MX as well.
549 		*/
550 
551 		hp = (HEADER *) &answer;
552 		ap = (u_char *) &answer + HFIXEDSZ;
553 		eom = (u_char *) &answer + ret;
554 
555 		/* skip question part of response -- we know what we asked */
556 		for (qdcount = ntohs(hp->qdcount); qdcount--; ap += ret + QFIXEDSZ)
557 		{
558 			if ((ret = dn_skipname(ap, eom)) < 0)
559 			{
560 				if (tTd(8, 20))
561 					printf("qdcount failure (%d)\n",
562 						ntohs(hp->qdcount));
563 				return FALSE;		/* ???XXX??? */
564 			}
565 		}
566 
567 		amatch = FALSE;
568 		for (ancount = ntohs(hp->ancount); --ancount >= 0 && ap < eom; ap += n)
569 		{
570 			n = dn_expand((u_char *) &answer, eom, ap,
571 				      (RES_UNC_T) nbuf, sizeof nbuf);
572 			if (n < 0)
573 				break;
574 			ap += n;
575 			GETSHORT(type, ap);
576 			ap += INT16SZ + INT32SZ;
577 			GETSHORT(n, ap);
578 			switch (type)
579 			{
580 			  case T_MX:
581 				gotmx = TRUE;
582 				if (**dp != '\0')
583 				{
584 					/* got a match -- save that info */
585 					if (trymx && mxmatch == NULL)
586 						mxmatch = *dp;
587 					continue;
588 				}
589 
590 				/* exact MX matches are as good as an A match */
591 				/* fall through */
592 
593 			  case T_A:
594 				/* good show */
595 				amatch = TRUE;
596 
597 				/* continue in case a CNAME also exists */
598 				continue;
599 
600 			  case T_CNAME:
601 				if (loopcnt++ > MAXCNAMEDEPTH)
602 				{
603 					/*XXX should notify postmaster XXX*/
604 					message("DNS failure: CNAME loop for %s",
605 						host);
606 					if (CurEnv->e_message == NULL)
607 					{
608 						char ebuf[MAXLINE];
609 
610 						sprintf(ebuf, "Deferred: DNS failure: CNAME loop for %s",
611 							host);
612 						CurEnv->e_message = newstr(ebuf);
613 					}
614 					h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
615 					return FALSE;
616 				}
617 
618 				/* value points at name */
619 				if ((ret = dn_expand((u_char *)&answer,
620 				    eom, ap, (RES_UNC_T) nbuf, sizeof(nbuf))) < 0)
621 					break;
622 				(void)strncpy(host, nbuf, hbsize); /* XXX */
623 				host[hbsize - 1] = '\0';
624 
625 				/*
626 				**  RFC 1034 section 3.6 specifies that CNAME
627 				**  should point at the canonical name -- but
628 				**  urges software to try again anyway.
629 				*/
630 
631 				goto cnameloop;
632 
633 			  default:
634 				/* not a record of interest */
635 				continue;
636 			}
637 		}
638 
639 		if (amatch)
640 		{
641 			/* got an A record and no CNAME */
642 			mxmatch = *dp;
643 			break;
644 		}
645 
646 		/*
647 		**  If this was a T_ANY query, we may have the info but
648 		**  need an explicit query.  Try T_A, then T_MX.
649 		*/
650 
651 		if (qtype == T_ANY)
652 			qtype = T_A;
653 		else if (qtype == T_A && !gotmx && trymx)
654 			qtype = T_MX;
655 		else
656 		{
657 			/* really nothing in this domain; try the next */
658 			qtype = T_ANY;
659 			dp++;
660 		}
661 	}
662 
663 	if (mxmatch == NULL)
664 		return FALSE;
665 
666 	/* create matching name and return */
667 	(void) sprintf(nbuf, "%.*s%s%.*s", MAXDNAME, host,
668 			*mxmatch == '\0' ? "" : ".",
669 			MAXDNAME, mxmatch);
670 	strncpy(host, nbuf, hbsize);
671 	host[hbsize - 1] = '\0';
672 	return TRUE;
673 }
674 
675 
676 char *
677 gethostalias(host)
678 	char *host;
679 {
680 	char *fname;
681 	FILE *fp;
682 	register char *p;
683 	char buf[MAXLINE];
684 	static char hbuf[MAXDNAME];
685 
686 	fname = getenv("HOSTALIASES");
687 	if (fname == NULL || (fp = fopen(fname, "r")) == NULL)
688 		return NULL;
689 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, fp) != NULL)
690 	{
691 		for (p = buf; p != '\0' && !(isascii(*p) && isspace(*p)); p++)
692 			continue;
693 		if (*p == 0)
694 		{
695 			/* syntax error */
696 			continue;
697 		}
698 		*p++ = '\0';
699 		if (strcasecmp(buf, host) == 0)
700 			break;
701 	}
702 
703 	if (feof(fp))
704 	{
705 		/* no match */
706 		fclose(fp);
707 		return NULL;
708 	}
709 
710 	/* got a match; extract the equivalent name */
711 	while (*p != '\0' && isascii(*p) && isspace(*p))
712 		p++;
713 	host = p;
714 	while (*p != '\0' && !(isascii(*p) && isspace(*p)))
715 		p++;
716 	*p = '\0';
717 	strncpy(hbuf, host, sizeof hbuf - 1);
718 	hbuf[sizeof hbuf - 1] = '\0';
719 	return hbuf;
720 }
721 
722 
723 #else /* not NAMED_BIND */
724 
725 #include <netdb.h>
726 
727 bool
728 getcanonname(host, hbsize, trymx)
729 	char *host;
730 	int hbsize;
731 	bool trymx;
732 {
733 	struct hostent *hp;
734 	char *p;
735 
736 	hp = gethostbyname(host);
737 	if (hp == NULL)
738 		return (FALSE);
739 	p = hp->h_name;
740 	if (strchr(p, '.') == NULL)
741 	{
742 		/* first word is a short name -- try to find a long one */
743 		char **ap;
744 
745 		for (ap = hp->h_aliases; *ap != NULL; ap++)
746 			if (strchr(*ap, '.') != NULL)
747 				break;
748 		if (*ap != NULL)
749 			p = *ap;
750 	}
751 
752 	if (strlen(p) >= hbsize)
753 		return (FALSE);
754 
755 	(void) strcpy(host, p);
756 	return (TRUE);
757 }
758 
759 #endif /* not NAMED_BIND */
760