1% Quick Reference Card for VIP 3.5 under GNU Emacs version 18 on Unix systems 2%**start of header 3\newcount\columnsperpage 4 5% This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page (see below). 6% Specify how many you want here. Nothing else needs to be changed. 7 8\columnsperpage=1 9 10% Copyright (c) 1987 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 11 12% This file is part of GNU Emacs. 13 14% This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 15% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. No author or distributor 16% accepts responsibility to anyone for the consequences of using it 17% or for whether it serves any particular purpose or describes 18% any piece of software unless they say so in writing. Refer to the 19% GNU Emacs General Public License for full details. 20% 21% Permission is granted to copy, modify and redistribute this source 22% file provided the copyright notice and permission notices are 23% preserved on all copies. 24% 25% Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the 26% results, provided the printed document carries copyright and 27% permission notices identical to the ones below. 28 29% This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82). 30% 31% The final reference card has six columns, three on each side. 32% This file can be used to produce it in any of three ways: 33% 1 column per page 34% produces six separate pages, each of which needs to be reduced to 80%. 35% This gives the best resolution. 36% 2 columns per page 37% produces three already-reduced pages. 38% You will still need to cut and paste. 39% 3 columns per page 40% produces two pages which must be printed sideways to make a 41% ready-to-use 8.5 x 11 inch reference card. 42% For this you need a dvi device driver that can print sideways. 43% Which mode to use is controlled by setting \columnsperpage above. 44% 45% Author: 46% Masahiko Sato 47% Internet: ms@sail.stanford.edu 48% Junet: masahiko@sato.riec.tohoku.junet 49% 50% The original TeX code for formatting the reference card was written by: 51% Stephen Gildea 52% UUCP: mit-erl!gildea 53% Internet: gildea@erl.mit.edu 54 55 56\def\versionnumber{1.2} 57\def\year{1987} 58\def\version{September \year\ v\versionnumber} 59 60\def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill 61 \centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc. 62 Permissions on back. v\versionnumber}} 63 64\def\copyrightnotice{ 65%\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small 66\vskip 1ex \begingroup\small 67\centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.} 68\centerline{designed by Masahiko Sato, \version} 69\centerline{for VIP 3.5 under GNU Emacs version 18 on Unix systems} 70 71Permission is granted to make and distribute copies of 72this card provided the copyright notice and this permission notice 73are preserved on all copies. 74 75For copies of the GNU Emacs manual, write to the Free Software 76Foundation, Inc., 1000 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02138. 77 78\endgroup} 79 80% make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below 81% can be scanned without complaint. 82\def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end} 83 84\newdimen\intercolumnskip 85\newbox\columna 86\newbox\columnb 87 88\def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage} 89 90\message{[\ncolumns\space 91 column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]} 92 93\def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1} 94 95% This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea 96% October 1986. 97% Slightly modified by Masahiko Sato, September 1987. 98\if 1\ncolumns 99 \hsize 4in 100 \vsize 10in 101 %\voffset -.7in 102 \voffset -.57in 103 \font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3 104 \font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2 105 \font\miniheadingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag1 % masahiko 106 \font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm 107 \font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy 108 109 \footline{\hss\folio} 110 \def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}} 111\else 112 %\hsize 3.2in 113 %\vsize 7.95in 114 \hsize 3.41in % masahiko 115 \vsize 8in % masahiko 116 \hoffset -.75in 117 \voffset -.745in 118 \font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2 119 \font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1 120 \font\miniheadingfont=cmbx10 % masahiko 121 \font\smallfont=cmr6 122 \font\smallsy=cmsy6 123 \font\eightrm=cmr8 124 \font\eightbf=cmbx8 125 \font\eightit=cmti8 126 \font\eightsl=cmsl8 127 \font\eighttt=cmtt8 128 \font\eightsy=cmsy8 129 \textfont0=\eightrm 130 \textfont2=\eightsy 131 \def\rm{\eightrm} 132 \def\bf{\eightbf} 133 \def\it{\eightit} 134 \def\sl{\eightsl} % masahiko 135 \def\tt{\eighttt} 136 \normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip 137 \normallineskip=.8\normallineskip 138 \normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit 139 \normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect 140 141 \if 2\ncolumns 142 \let\maxcolumn=b 143 \footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss} 144 \def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}} 145 \else \if 3\ncolumns 146 \let\maxcolumn=c 147 \nopagenumbers 148 \else 149 \errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.} 150 \errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page} 151 \fi\fi 152 153 %\intercolumnskip=.46in 154 \intercolumnskip=.19in % masahiko .19x4 + 3.41x3 = 10.99 155 \def\abc{a} 156 \output={% 157 % This next line is useful when designing the layout. 158 %\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark} 159 \if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a} 160 \else\if a\abc 161 \global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b} 162 %% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode) 163 \global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{} 164 \else 165 \global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi} 166 \def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline 167 \hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip 168 \box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox} 169 \makefootline}\advancepageno} 170 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}} 171 172 \def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject 173 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi 174 \if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi 175 \end} 176\fi 177 178% we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters 179% we might want to talk about 180\catcode`\^=12 181\catcode`\_=12 182 183\chardef\\=`\\ 184\chardef\{=`\{ 185\chardef\}=`\} 186 187\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer} 188 189\parindent 0pt 190\parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex 191 192\def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip} 193 194\outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject} 195 196\outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex} 197 198\outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak 199 \vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}% 200 \vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex} 201 202% masahiko 203\outer\def\subsection#1{\par\filbreak 204 \vskip 2ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\miniheadingfont #1}\mark{#1}% 205 \vskip 1ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex} 206 207\newdimen\keyindent 208 209\def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em} 210\def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em} 211\endindentedkeys 212 213\def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign} 214 215\def\<#1>{$\langle${\rm #1}$\rangle$} 216 217\def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows 218 219\def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup 220 \obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt} 221{\obeyspaces\global\let =\ } 222\def\endexample{\endgroup} 223 224\def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop 225 {\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em 226 \hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}} 227 228\newbox\metaxbox 229\setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }} 230\newdimen\metaxwidth 231\metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox 232 233\def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize 234 {\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}% 235 \hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil 236 \kbd{#2}\hfil}} 237 238\def\fivecol#1#2#3#4#5{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 239 &\kbd{#3}\quad&\kbd{#4}\quad&\kbd{#5}\cr} 240 241\def\fourcol#1#2#3#4{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 242 &\kbd{#3}\quad&\kbd{#4}\quad\cr} 243 244\def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad 245 &\kbd{#3}\quad\cr} 246 247\def\twocol#1#2{\hskip\keyindent\relax\kbd{#1}\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad\cr} 248 249\def\twocolkey#1#2#3#4{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\quad&\relax#3\hfil&\kbd{#4}\quad\cr} 250 251%**end of header 252 253\beginindentedkeys 254 255\title{VIP Quick Reference Card} 256 257\centerline{(for version 3.5 under GNU Emacs version 18)} 258 259%\copyrightnotice 260 261\section{Loading VIP} 262 263Just type \kbd{M-x vip-mode} followed by \kbd{RET} 264 265\section{VIP Modes} 266 267VIP has three modes: {\it emacs mode}, {\it vi mode} and {\it insert mode}. 268Mode line tells you which mode you are in. 269In emacs mode you can do all the normal GNU Emacs editing. 270This card explains only vi mode and insert mode. 271{\bf GNU Emacs Reference Card} explains emacs mode. 272You can switch modes as follows. 273 274\key{from emacs mode to vi mode}{C-z} 275\key{from vi mode to emacs mode}{C-z} 276\metax{from vi mode to insert mode}{i, I, a, A, o, O {\rm or} C-o} 277\key{from insert mode to vi mode}{ESC} 278 279If you wish to be in vi mode just after you startup Emacs, 280include the line: 281 282\hskip 5ex 283\kbd{(setq term-setup-hook 'vip-mode)} 284 285in your \kbd{.emacs} file. 286Or, you can put the following alias in your \kbd{.cshrc} file. 287 288\hskip 5ex 289\kbd{alias vip 'emacs \\!* -f vip-mode'} 290 291 292\section{Insert Mode} 293Insert mode is like emacs mode except for the following. 294 295\key{go back to vi mode}{ESC} 296\key{delete previous character}{C-h} 297\key{delete previous word}{C-w} 298\key{emulate \kbd{ESC} key in emacs mode}{C-z} 299 300The rest of this card explains commands in {\bf vi mode}. 301 302\section{Getting Information on VIP} 303 304Execute info command by typing \kbd{M-x info} and select menu item 305\kbd{vip}. Also: 306 307\key{describe function attached to the key {\it x}}{C-h k {\it x}} 308 309\section{Leaving Emacs} 310 311\key{suspend Emacs}{X Z {\rm or} :st} 312\metax{exit Emacs permanently}{Z Z {\rm or} X C {\rm or} :q} 313 314\section{Error Recovery} 315 316\key{abort partially typed or executing command}{C-g} 317\key{redraw messed up screen}{C-l} 318\metax{{\bf recover} a file lost by a system crash}{M-x recover-file} 319\metax{restore a buffer to its original contents}{M-x revert-buffer} 320 321\shortcopyrightnotice 322 323\section{Counts} 324 325Most commands in vi mode accept a {\it count} which can be supplied as a 326prefix to the commands. In most cases, if a count is given, the 327command is executed that many times. E.g., \kbd{5 d d} deletes 5 328lines. 329 330%\shortcopyrightnotice 331\section{Registers} 332 333There are 26 registers (\kbd{a} to \kbd{z}) that can store texts 334and marks. 335You can append a text at the end of a register (say \kbd{x}) by 336specifying the register name in capital letter (say \kbd{X}). 337There are also 9 read only registers (\kbd{1} to \kbd{9}) that store 338up to 9 previous changes. 339We will use {\it x\/} to denote a register. 340\section{Entering Insert Mode} 341 342\key{{\bf insert} at point}{i} 343\key{{\bf append} after cursor}{a} 344\key{{\bf insert} before first non-white}{I} 345\key{{\bf append} at end of line}{A} 346\key{{\bf open} line below}{o} 347\key{{\bf open} line above}{O} 348\key{{\bf open} line at point}{C-o} 349 350\section{Buffers and Windows} 351 352\key{move cursor to {\bf next} window}{C-n} 353\key{delete current window}{X 0} 354\key{delete other windows}{X 1} 355\key{split current window into two windows}{X 2} 356\key{show current buffer in two windows}{X 3} 357\key{{\bf switch} to a buffer in the current window}{s {\sl buffer}} 358\key{{\bf switch} to a buffer in another window}{S {\sl buffer}} 359\key{{\bf kill} a buffer}{K} 360\key{list existing {\bf buffers}}{X B} 361 362\section{Files} 363 364\metax{{\bf visit} file in the current window}{v {\sl file} {\rm or} :e {\sl file}} 365\key{{\bf visit} file in another window}{V {\sl file}} 366\key{{\bf save} buffer to the associated file}{X S} 367\key{{\bf write} buffer to a specified file}{X W} 368\key{{\bf insert} a specified file at point}{X I} 369\key{{\bf get} information on the current {\bf file}}{g {\rm or} :f} 370\key{run the {\bf directory} editor}{X d} 371 372\section{Viewing the Buffer} 373 374\key{scroll to next screen}{SPC {\rm or} C-f} 375\key{scroll to previous screen}{RET {\rm or} C-b} 376\key{scroll {\bf down} half screen}{C-d} 377\key{scroll {\bf up} half screen}{C-u} 378\key{scroll down one line}{C-e} 379\key{scroll up one line}{C-y} 380 381\key{put current line on the {\bf home} line}{z H {\rm or} z RET} 382\key{put current line on the {\bf middle} line}{z M {\rm or} z .} 383\key{put current line on the {\bf last} line}{z L {\rm or} z -} 384 385\section{Marking and Returning} 386 387\key{{\bf mark} point in register {\it x}}{m {\it x}} 388\key{set mark at buffer beginning}{m <} 389\key{set mark at buffer end}{m >} 390\key{set mark at point}{m .} 391\key{jump to mark}{m ,} 392\key{exchange point and mark}{` `} 393\key{... and skip to first non-white on line}{' '} 394\key{go to mark {\it x}}{` {\it x}} 395\key{... and skip to first non-white on line}{' {\it x}} 396 397\section{Macros} 398 399\key{start remembering keyboard macro}{X (} 400\key{finish remembering keyboard macro}{X )} 401\key{call last keyboard macro}{*} 402\key{execute macro stored in register {\it x}}{@ {\it x}} 403 404\section{Motion Commands} 405 406\key{go backward one character}{h} 407\key{go forward one character}{l} 408\key{next line keeping the column}{j} 409\key{previous line keeping the column}{k} 410\key{next line at first non-white}{+} 411\key{previous line at first non-white}{-} 412 413\key{beginning of line}{0} 414\key{first non-white on line}{^} 415\key{end of line}{\$} 416\key{go to {\it n}-th column on line}{{\it n} |} 417 418\key{go to {\it n}-th line}{{\it n} G} 419\key{go to last line}{G} 420\key{find matching parenthesis for \kbd{()}, \kbd{\{\}} and \kbd{[]}}{\%} 421 422\key{go to {\bf home} window line}{H} 423\key{go to {\bf middle} window line}{M} 424\key{go to {\bf last} window line}{L} 425 426\subsection{Words, Sentences, Paragraphs} 427 428\key{forward {\bf word}}{w {\rm or} W} 429\key{{\bf backward} word}{b {\rm or} B} 430\key{{\bf end} of word}{e {\rm or} E} 431 432In the case of capital letter commands, a word is delimited by a 433non-white character. 434 435\key{forward sentence}{)} 436\key{backward sentence}{(} 437 438\key{forward paragraph}{\}} 439\key{backward paragraph}{\{} 440 441\subsection{Find Characters on the Line} 442 443\key{{\bf find} {\it c} forward on line}{f {\it c}} 444\key{{\bf find} {\it c} backward on line}{F {\it c}} 445\key{up {\bf to} {\it c} forward on line}{t {\it c}} 446\key{up {\bf to} {\it c} backward on line}{T {\it c}} 447\key{repeat previous \kbd{f}, \kbd{F}, \kbd{t} or \kbd{T}}{;} 448\key{... in the opposite direction}{,} 449 450\newcolumn 451\title{VIP Quick Reference Card} 452 453\section{Searching and Replacing} 454 455\key{search forward for {\sl pat}}{/ {\sl pat}} 456\key{search backward for {\sl pat}}{?\ {\sl pat}} 457\key{repeat previous search}{n} 458\key{... in the opposite direction}{N} 459 460\key{incremental {\bf search}}{C-s} 461\key{{\bf reverse} incremental search}{C-r} 462 463\key{{\bf replace}}{R} 464\key{{\bf query} replace}{Q} 465\key{{\bf replace} a character by another character {\it c}}{r {\it c}} 466 467\section{Modifying Commands} 468 469The delete (yank, change) commands explained below accept a motion command as 470their argument and delete (yank, change) the region determined by the motion 471command. Motion commands are classified into {\it point commands} and 472{\it line commands}. In the case of line commands, whole lines will 473be affected by the command. Motion commands will be represented by 474{\it m} below. 475 476The point commands are as follows: 477 478\hskip 5ex 479\kbd{h l 0 ^ \$ w W b B e E ( ) / ?\ ` f F t T \% ; ,} 480 481The line commands are as follows: 482 483\hskip 5ex 484\kbd{j k + - H M L \{ \} G '} 485 486\subsection{Delete/Yank/Change Commands} 487 488\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 489\fourcol{}{{\bf delete}}{{\bf yank}}{{\bf change}} 490\fourcol{region determined by {\it m}}{d {\it m}}{y {\it m}}{c {\it m}} 491\fourcol{... into register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} d {\it m}}{" {\it x\/} y {\it m}}{" {\it x\/} c {\it m}} 492\fourcol{a line}{d d}{Y {\rm or} y y}{c c} 493\fourcol{current {\bf region}}{d r}{y r}{c r} 494\fourcol{expanded {\bf region}}{d R}{y R}{c R} 495\fourcol{to end of line}{D}{y \$}{c \$} 496\fourcol{a character after point}{x}{y l}{c l} 497\fourcol{a character before point}{DEL}{y h}{c h} 498} 499 500\subsection{Put Back Commands} 501 502Deleted/yanked/changed text can be put back by the following commands. 503 504\key{{\bf Put} back at point/above line}{P} 505\key{... from register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} P} 506\key{{\bf put} back after point/below line}{p} 507\key{... from register {\it x}}{" {\it x\/} p} 508 509\subsection{Repeating and Undoing Modifications} 510 511\key{{\bf undo} last change}{u {\rm or} :und} 512\key{repeat last change}{.\ {\rm (dot)}} 513 514Undo is undoable by \kbd{u} and repeatable by \kbd{.}. 515For example, \kbd{u...} will undo 4 previous changes. 516A \kbd{.} after \kbd{5dd} is equivalent to \kbd{5dd}, 517while \kbd{3.} after \kbd{5dd} is equivalent to \kbd{3dd}. 518 519\section{Miscellaneous Commands} 520 521\endindentedkeys 522 523\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 524\fivecol{}{{\bf shift left}}{{\bf shift right}}{{\bf filter shell command}}{{\bf indent}} 525\fivecol{region}{< {\it m}}{> {\it m}}{!\ {\it m\/} {\sl shell-com}}{= {\it m}} 526\fivecol{line}{< <}{> >}{!\ !\ {\sl shell-com}}{= =} 527} 528 529\key{emulate \kbd{ESC}/\kbd{C-h} in emacs mode}{ESC{\rm /}C-h} 530\key{emulate \kbd{C-c}/\kbd{C-x} in emacs mode}{C{\rm /}X} 531 532\key{{\bf join} lines}{J} 533 534\key{lowercase region}{\# c {\it m}} 535\key{uppercase region}{\# C {\it m}} 536\key{execute last keyboard macro on each line in the region}{\# g {\it m}} 537 538\key{insert specified string for each line in the region}{\# q {\it m}} 539\key{check spelling of the words in the region}{\# s {\it m}} 540 541\section{Differences from Vi} 542 543\beginindentedkeys 544 545In VIP some keys behave rather differently from Vi. 546The table below lists such keys, and you can get the effect of typing 547these keys by typing the corresponding keys in the VIP column. 548 549\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 550\threecol{}{{\bf Vi}}{{\bf VIP}} 551\threecol{forward character}{SPC}{l} 552\threecol{backward character}{C-h}{h} 553\threecol{next line at first non-white}{RET}{+} 554\threecol{delete previous character}{X}{DEL} 555\threecol{get information on file}{C-g}{g} 556\threecol{substitute characters}{s}{x i} 557\threecol{substitute line}{S}{c c} 558\threecol{change to end of line}{C {\rm or} R}{c \$} 559} 560 561(Strictly speaking, \kbd{C} and \kbd{R} behave slightly differently in Vi.) 562 563\section{Customization} 564 565By default, search is case sensitive. 566You can change this by including the following line in your \kbd{.vip} file. 567 568\hskip 5ex 569\kbd{(setq vip-case-fold-search t)} 570 571\beginindentedkeys 572 573\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr 574\twocol{{\bf variable}}{{\bf default value}} 575\twocol{vip-search-wrap-around}{t} 576\twocol{vip-case-fold-search}{nil} 577\twocol{vip-re-search}{nil} 578\twocol{vip-re-replace}{nil} 579\twocol{vip-re-query-replace}{nil} 580\twocol{vip-open-with-indent}{nil} 581\twocol{vip-help-in-insert-mode}{nil} 582\twocol{vip-shift-width}{8} 583\twocol{vip-tags-file-name}{"TAGS"} 584} 585 586%\subsection{Customizing Key Bindings} 587 588Include (some of) following lines in your \kbd{.vip} file 589to restore Vi key bindings. 590 591\beginexample 592(define-key vip-mode-map "\\C-g" 'vip-info-on-file) 593(define-key vip-mode-map "\\C-h" 'vip-backward-char) 594(define-key vip-mode-map "\\C-m" 'vip-next-line-at-bol) 595(define-key vip-mode-map " " 'vip-forward-char) 596(define-key vip-mode-map "g" 'vip-keyboard-quit) 597(define-key vip-mode-map "s" 'vip-substitute) 598(define-key vip-mode-map "C" 'vip-change-to-eol) 599(define-key vip-mode-map "R" 'vip-change-to-eol) 600(define-key vip-mode-map "S" 'vip-substitute-line) 601(define-key vip-mode-map "X" 'vip-delete-backward-char) 602\endexample 603 604\newcolumn 605 606\title{Ex Commands in VIP} 607 608In vi mode, an Ex command is entered by typing: 609 610\hskip 5ex 611\kbd{:\ {\sl ex-command} RET} 612 613\section{Ex Addresses} 614 615\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=2pt&#\tabskip=5pt plus 1 fil&#\cr 616\twocolkey{current line}{.}{next line with {\sl pat}}{/ {\sl pat} /} 617\twocolkey{line {\it n}}{{\it n}}{previous line with {\sl pat}}{?\ {\sl pat} ?} 618\twocolkey{last line}{\$}{{\it n\/} line before {\it a}}{{\it a} - {\it n}} 619\twocolkey{next line}{+}{{\it a\/} through {\it b}}{{\it a\/} , {\it b}} 620\twocolkey{previous line}{-}{line marked with {\it x}}{' {\it x}} 621\twocolkey{entire buffer}{\%}{previous context}{' '} 622} 623 624Addresses can be specified in front of a command. 625For example, 626 627\hskip 5ex 628\kbd{:.,.+10m\$} 629 630moves 11 lines below current line to the end of buffer. 631 632\section{Ex Commands} 633 634\endindentedkeys 635 636\key{mark lines matching {\sl pat} and execute {\sl cmds} on these lines}{:g /{\sl pat}/ {\sl cmds}} 637 638\key{mark lines {\it not\/} matching {\sl pat} and execute {\sl cmds} on these lines}{:v /{\sl pat}/ {\sl cmds}} 639 640 641\key{{\bf move} specified lines after {\sl addr}}{:m {\sl addr}} 642\key{{\bf copy} specified lines after {\sl addr}}{:co\rm\ (or \kbd{:t})\ \sl addr} 643\key{{\bf delete} specified lines [into register {\it x\/}]}{:d {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 644\key{{\bf yank} specified lines [into register {\it x\/}]}{:y {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 645\key{{\bf put} back text [from register {\it x\/}]}{:pu {\rm [{\it x\/}]}} 646 647\key{{\bf substitute} {\sl repl} for first string on line matching {\sl pat}}{:s /{\sl pat}/{\sl repl}/} 648 649\key{repeat last substitution}{:\&} 650\key{repeat previous substitute with previous search pattern as {\sl pat}}{:\~{}} 651 652\key{{\bf read} in a file}{:r {\sl file}} 653\key{{\bf read} in the output of a shell command}{:r!\ {\sl command}} 654\key{write out specified lines into {\sl file}}{:w {\sl file}} 655\key{write out specified lines at the end of {\sl file}}{:w>> {\sl file}} 656\key{write out and then quit}{:wq {\sl file}} 657 658\key{define a macro {\it x} that expands to {\sl cmd}}{:map {\it x} {\sl cmd}} 659\key{remove macro expansion associated with {\it x}}{:unma {\it x}} 660 661\key{print line number}{:=} 662\key{print {\bf version} number of VIP}{:ve} 663 664\key{shift specified lines to the right}{:>} 665\key{shift specified lines to the left}{:<} 666 667\key{{\bf join} lines}{:j} 668\key{mark specified line to register {\it x}}{:k {\it x}} 669\key{{\bf set} a variable's value}{:se} 670\key{run a sub{\bf shell} in a window}{:sh} 671\key{execute shell command {\sl command}}{:!\ {\sl command}} 672\key{find first definition of {\bf tag} {\sl tag}}{:ta {\sl tag}} 673 674 675\copyrightnotice 676 677\bye 678 679% Local variables: 680% compile-command: "tex refcard" 681% End: 682