1CHPASS(1) 386BSD Reference Manual CHPASS(1) 2 3NNAAMMEE 4 cchhppaassss - add or change user database information 5 6SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS 7 chpass [--aa _l_i_s_t] [--ss _s_h_e_l_l] [user] 8 9DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN 10 CChhppaassss allows editing of the user database information associated with 11 _u_s_e_r or, by default, the current user. The information is formatted and 12 supplied to an editor for changes. 13 14 Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed. 15 16 The options are as follows: 17 18 --aa The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database 19 entry, in the format specified by passwd(5), as an argument. 20 This argument must be a colon (``:'') separated list of all the 21 user database fields, although they may be empty. 22 23 --ss The --ss option attempts to change the user's shell to _n_e_w_s_h. 24 25 Possible display items are as follows: 26 27 Login: user's login name 28 Password: user's encrypted password 29 Uid: user's id 30 Gid: user's login group id 31 Change: password change time 32 Expire: account expiration time 33 Class: user's general classification 34 Home Directory: user's home directory 35 Shell: user's login shell 36 Full Name: user's real name 37 Location: user's normal location 38 Home Phone: user's home phone 39 Office Phone: user's office phone 40 41 The _l_o_g_i_n field is the user name used to access the computer account. 42 43 The _p_a_s_s_w_o_r_d field contains the encrypted form of the user's password. 44 45 The _u_i_d field is the number associated with the _l_o_g_i_n field. Both of 46 these fields should be unique across the system (and often across a group 47 of systems) as they control file access. 48 49 While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names 50 and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines 51 that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple 52 entries, and that one by random selection. 53 54 The _g_r_o_u_p field is the group that the user will be placed in at login. 55 Since this system supports multiple groups (see groups(1)) this field 56 currently has little special meaning. This field may be filled in with 57 either a number or a group name (see group(5)). 58 59 The _c_h_a_n_g_e field is the date by which the password must be changed. 60 61 The _e_x_p_i_r_e field is the date on which the account expires. 62 63 Both the _c_h_a_n_g_e and _e_x_p_i_r_e fields should be entered in the form ``month 64 day year'' where _m_o_n_t_h is the month name (the first three characters are 65 sufficient), _d_a_y is the day of the month, and _y_e_a_r is the year. 66 67 The _c_l_a_s_s field is currently unused. In the near future it will be a key 68 to a termcap(5) style database of user attributes. 69 70 The user's _h_o_m_e _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y is the full UNIX path name where the user will 71 be placed at login. 72 73 The _s_h_e_l_l field is the command interpreter the user prefers. If the 74 _s_h_e_l_l field is empty, the Bourne shell, /_b_i_n/_s_h, is assumed. When 75 altering a login shell, and not the super-user, the user may not change 76 from a non-standard shell or to a non-standard shell. Non-standard is 77 defined as a shell not found in /_e_t_c/_s_h_e_l_l_s. 78 79 The last four fields are for storing the user's _f_u_l_l _n_a_m_e, _o_f_f_i_c_e 80 _l_o_c_a_t_i_o_n, and _h_o_m_e and _w_o_r_k _t_e_l_e_p_h_o_n_e numbers. 81 82 Once the information has been verified, cchhppaassss uses pwd_mkdb(8) to update 83 the user database. 84 85EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT 86 The vi(1) editor will be used unless the environment variable EDITOR is 87 set to an alternate editor. When the editor terminates, the information 88 is re-read and used to update the user database itself. Only the user, 89 or the super-user, may edit the information associated with the user. 90 91FFIILLEESS 92 /etc/master.passwd The user database 93 /etc/passwd A Version 7 format password file 94 /etc/chpass.XXXXXX Temporary copy of the password file 95 /etc/shells The list of approved shells 96 97SSEEEE AALLSSOO 98 login(1), finger(1), passwd(1), getusershell(3), passwd(5), 99 pwd_mkdb(8), vipw(8) 100 101 Robert Morris, and Ken Thompson, _U_N_I_X _P_a_s_s_w_o_r_d _s_e_c_u_r_i_t_y. 102 103BBUUGGSS 104 User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere. 105 106HHIISSTTOORRYY 107 The cchhppaassss command appeared in 4.3BSD-Reno. 108 109BSD Experimental March 14, 1991 2 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133