CPP/Common/MyString.h

// Common/MyString.h

#ifndef __COMMON_MY_STRING_H
#define __COMMON_MY_STRING_H

#include <string.h>

#ifndef _WIN32
#include <wctype.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#endif

#include "MyWindows.h"
#include "MyTypes.h"
#include "MyVector.h"


/* if (DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING is defined), then
     FString inherits from AString, so we can find bugs related to FString at compile time.
   DON'T define DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING in release code */

// #define DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING

#ifdef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
class FString;
#endif


#ifdef _MSC_VER
  #ifdef _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
    #define MY_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
  #endif
#else
    #define MY_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
#endif

/*
  native support for wchar_t:
 _MSC_VER == 1600 : /Zc:wchar_t is not supported
 _MSC_VER == 1310 (VS2003)
 ? _MSC_VER == 1400 (VS2005) : wchar_t <- unsigned short
              /Zc:wchar_t  : wchar_t <- __wchar_t, _WCHAR_T_DEFINED and _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
 _MSC_VER > 1400 (VS2008+)
              /Zc:wchar_t[-]
              /Zc:wchar_t is on by default
*/

#ifdef _WIN32
#define IS_PATH_SEPAR(c) ((c) == '\\' || (c) == '/')
#else
#define IS_PATH_SEPAR(c) ((c) == CHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR)
#endif

inline bool IsPathSepar(char    c) { return IS_PATH_SEPAR(c); }
inline bool IsPathSepar(wchar_t c) { return IS_PATH_SEPAR(c); }

inline unsigned MyStringLen(const char *s)
{
  unsigned i;
  for (i = 0; s[i] != 0; i++);
  return i;
}

inline void MyStringCopy(char *dest, const char *src)
{
  while ((*dest++ = *src++) != 0);
}

inline char *MyStpCpy(char *dest, const char *src)
{
  for (;;)
  {
    char c = *src;
    *dest = c;
    if (c == 0)
      return dest;
    src++;
    dest++;
  }
}

inline unsigned MyStringLen(const wchar_t *s)
{
  unsigned i;
  for (i = 0; s[i] != 0; i++);
  return i;
}

inline void MyStringCopy(wchar_t *dest, const wchar_t *src)
{
  while ((*dest++ = *src++) != 0);
}

inline void MyStringCat(wchar_t *dest, const wchar_t *src)
{
  MyStringCopy(dest + MyStringLen(dest), src);
}


/*
inline wchar_t *MyWcpCpy(wchar_t *dest, const wchar_t *src)
{
  for (;;)
  {
    wchar_t c = *src;
    *dest = c;
    if (c == 0)
      return dest;
    src++;
    dest++;
  }
}
*/

int FindCharPosInString(const char *s, char c) throw();
int FindCharPosInString(const wchar_t *s, wchar_t c) throw();

#ifdef _WIN32
  #ifndef _UNICODE
    #define STRING_UNICODE_THROW
  #endif
#endif

#ifndef STRING_UNICODE_THROW
  #define STRING_UNICODE_THROW throw()
#endif


inline char MyCharUpper_Ascii(char c)
{
  if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
    return (char)((unsigned char)c - 0x20);
  return c;
}

/*
inline wchar_t MyCharUpper_Ascii(wchar_t c)
{
  if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
    return (wchar_t)(c - 0x20);
  return c;
}
*/

inline char MyCharLower_Ascii(char c)
{
  if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
    return (char)((unsigned char)c + 0x20);
  return c;
}

inline wchar_t MyCharLower_Ascii(wchar_t c)
{
  if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
    return (wchar_t)(c + 0x20);
  return c;
}

wchar_t MyCharUpper_WIN(wchar_t c) throw();

inline wchar_t MyCharUpper(wchar_t c) throw()
{
  if (c < 'a') return c;
  if (c <= 'z') return (wchar_t)(c - 0x20);
  if (c <= 0x7F) return c;
  #ifdef _WIN32
    #ifdef _UNICODE
      return (wchar_t)(unsigned)(UINT_PTR)CharUpperW((LPWSTR)(UINT_PTR)(unsigned)c);
    #else
      return (wchar_t)MyCharUpper_WIN(c);
    #endif
  #else
    return (wchar_t)towupper((wint_t)c);
  #endif
}

/*
wchar_t MyCharLower_WIN(wchar_t c) throw();

inline wchar_t MyCharLower(wchar_t c) throw()
{
  if (c < 'A') return c;
  if (c <= 'Z') return (wchar_t)(c + 0x20);
  if (c <= 0x7F) return c;
  #ifdef _WIN32
    #ifdef _UNICODE
      return (wchar_t)(unsigned)(UINT_PTR)CharLowerW((LPWSTR)(UINT_PTR)(unsigned)c);
    #else
      return (wchar_t)MyCharLower_WIN(c);
    #endif
  #else
    return (wchar_t)tolower(c);
  #endif
}
*/

// char *MyStringUpper(char *s) throw();
// char *MyStringLower(char *s) throw();

// void MyStringUpper_Ascii(char *s) throw();
// void MyStringUpper_Ascii(wchar_t *s) throw();
void MyStringLower_Ascii(char *s) throw();
void MyStringLower_Ascii(wchar_t *s) throw();
// wchar_t *MyStringUpper(wchar_t *s) STRING_UNICODE_THROW;
// wchar_t *MyStringLower(wchar_t *s) STRING_UNICODE_THROW;

bool StringsAreEqualNoCase(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2) throw();

bool IsString1PrefixedByString2(const char *s1, const char *s2) throw();
bool IsString1PrefixedByString2(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2) throw();
bool IsString1PrefixedByString2(const wchar_t *s1, const char *s2) throw();
bool IsString1PrefixedByString2_NoCase_Ascii(const char *s1, const char *s2) throw();
bool IsString1PrefixedByString2_NoCase_Ascii(const wchar_t *u, const char *a) throw();
bool IsString1PrefixedByString2_NoCase(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2) throw();

#define MyStringCompare(s1, s2) wcscmp(s1, s2)
int MyStringCompareNoCase(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2) throw();
// int MyStringCompareNoCase_N(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2, unsigned num) throw();

// ---------- ASCII ----------
// char values in ASCII strings must be less then 128
bool StringsAreEqual_Ascii(const char *u, const char *a) throw();
bool StringsAreEqual_Ascii(const wchar_t *u, const char *a) throw();
bool StringsAreEqualNoCase_Ascii(const char *s1, const char *s2) throw();
bool StringsAreEqualNoCase_Ascii(const wchar_t *s1, const char *s2) throw();
bool StringsAreEqualNoCase_Ascii(const wchar_t *s1, const wchar_t *s2) throw();

#define MY_STRING_DELETE(_p_) delete []_p_;
// #define MY_STRING_DELETE(_p_) my_delete(_p_);


#define FORBID_STRING_OPS_2(cls, t) \
  void Find(t) const; \
  void Find(t, unsigned startIndex) const; \
  void ReverseFind(t) const; \
  void InsertAtFront(t); \
  void RemoveChar(t); \
  void Replace(t, t); \

#define FORBID_STRING_OPS(cls, t) \
  explicit cls(t); \
  explicit cls(const t *); \
  cls &operator=(t); \
  cls &operator=(const t *); \
  cls &operator+=(t); \
  cls &operator+=(const t *); \
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_2(cls, t) \

/*
  cls &operator+(t); \
  cls &operator+(const t *); \
*/

#define FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(t) FORBID_STRING_OPS(AString, t)
#define FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(t) FORBID_STRING_OPS(UString, t)
#define FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString2(t) FORBID_STRING_OPS(UString2, t)

class AString
{
  char *_chars;
  unsigned _len;
  unsigned _limit;

  void MoveItems(unsigned dest, unsigned src)
  {
    memmove(_chars + dest, _chars + src, (size_t)(_len - src + 1) * sizeof(char));
  }

  void InsertSpace(unsigned &index, unsigned size);

  void ReAlloc(unsigned newLimit);
  void ReAlloc2(unsigned newLimit);
  void SetStartLen(unsigned len);
  void Grow_1();
  void Grow(unsigned n);

  AString(unsigned num, const char *s);
  AString(unsigned num, const AString &s);
  AString(const AString &s, char c); // it's for String + char
  AString(const char *s1, unsigned num1, const char *s2, unsigned num2);

  friend AString operator+(const AString &s, char c) { return AString(s, c); }
  // friend AString operator+(char c, const AString &s); // is not supported

  friend AString operator+(const AString &s1, const AString &s2);
  friend AString operator+(const AString &s1, const char    *s2);
  friend AString operator+(const char    *s1, const AString &s2);

  // ---------- forbidden functions ----------

  #ifdef MY_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(wchar_t)
  #endif

  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(signed char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(unsigned char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(short)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(unsigned short)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(int)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(unsigned)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(long)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_AString(unsigned long)

 #ifdef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
  AString(const FString &s);
  AString &operator=(const FString &s);
  AString &operator+=(const FString &s);
 #endif

public:
  explicit AString();
  explicit AString(char c);
  explicit AString(const char *s);
  AString(const AString &s);
  ~AString() { MY_STRING_DELETE(_chars); }

  unsigned Len() const { return _len; }
  bool IsEmpty() const { return _len == 0; }
  void Empty() { _len = 0; _chars[0] = 0; }

  operator const char *() const { return _chars; }
  char *Ptr_non_const() const { return _chars; }
  const char *Ptr() const { return _chars; }
  const char *Ptr(unsigned pos) const { return _chars + pos; }
  const char *RightPtr(unsigned num) const { return _chars + _len - num; }
  char Back() const { return _chars[(size_t)_len - 1]; }

  void ReplaceOneCharAtPos(unsigned pos, char c) { _chars[pos] = c; }

  char *GetBuf() { return _chars; }
  /* GetBuf(minLen): provides the buffer that can store
     at least (minLen) characters and additional null terminator.
     9.35: GetBuf doesn't preserve old characters and terminator */
  char *GetBuf(unsigned minLen)
  {
    if (minLen > _limit)
      ReAlloc2(minLen);
    return _chars;
  }
  char *GetBuf_SetEnd(unsigned minLen)
  {
    if (minLen > _limit)
      ReAlloc2(minLen);
    char *chars = _chars;
    chars[minLen] = 0;
    _len = minLen;
    return chars;
  }

  void ReleaseBuf_SetLen(unsigned newLen) { _len = newLen; }
  void ReleaseBuf_SetEnd(unsigned newLen) { _len = newLen; _chars[newLen] = 0; }
  void ReleaseBuf_CalcLen(unsigned maxLen)
  {
    char *chars = _chars;
    chars[maxLen] = 0;
    _len = MyStringLen(chars);
  }

  AString &operator=(char c);
  AString &operator=(const char *s);
  AString &operator=(const AString &s);
  void SetFromWStr_if_Ascii(const wchar_t *s);
  // void SetFromBstr_if_Ascii(BSTR s);

  AString &operator+=(char c)
  {
    if (_limit == _len)
      Grow_1();
    unsigned len = _len;
    char *chars = _chars;
    chars[len++] = c;
    chars[len] = 0;
    _len = len;
    return *this;
  }

  void Add_Space();
  void Add_Space_if_NotEmpty();
  void Add_OptSpaced(const char *s);
  void Add_LF();
  void Add_PathSepar() { operator+=(CHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR); }

  AString &operator+=(const char *s);
  AString &operator+=(const AString &s);

  void Add_UInt32(UInt32 v);
  void Add_UInt64(UInt64 v);

  void SetFrom(const char *s, unsigned len); // no check
  void SetFrom_CalcLen(const char *s, unsigned len);

  AString Mid(unsigned startIndex, unsigned count) const { return AString(count, _chars + startIndex); }
  AString Left(unsigned count) const { return AString(count, *this); }

  // void MakeUpper() { MyStringUpper(_chars); }
  // void MakeLower() { MyStringLower(_chars); }
  void MakeLower_Ascii() { MyStringLower_Ascii(_chars); }


  bool IsEqualTo(const char *s) const { return strcmp(_chars, s) == 0; }
  bool IsEqualTo_Ascii_NoCase(const char *s) const { return StringsAreEqualNoCase_Ascii(_chars, s); }
  // int Compare(const char *s) const { return MyStringCompare(_chars, s); }
  // int Compare(const AString &s) const { return MyStringCompare(_chars, s._chars); }
  // int CompareNoCase(const char *s) const { return MyStringCompareNoCase(_chars, s); }
  // int CompareNoCase(const AString &s) const { return MyStringCompareNoCase(_chars, s._chars); }
  bool IsPrefixedBy(const char *s) const { return IsString1PrefixedByString2(_chars, s); }
  bool IsPrefixedBy_Ascii_NoCase(const char *s) const throw();

  bool IsAscii() const
  {
    unsigned len = Len();
    const char *s = _chars;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < len; i++)
      if ((unsigned char)s[i] >= 0x80)
        return false;
    return true;
  }
  int Find(char c) const { return FindCharPosInString(_chars, c); }
  int Find(char c, unsigned startIndex) const
  {
    int pos = FindCharPosInString(_chars + startIndex, c);
    return pos < 0 ? -1 : (int)startIndex + pos;
  }

  int ReverseFind(char c) const throw();
  int ReverseFind_Dot() const throw() { return ReverseFind('.'); }
  int ReverseFind_PathSepar() const throw();

  int Find(const char *s) const { return Find(s, 0); }
  int Find(const char *s, unsigned startIndex) const throw();

  void TrimLeft() throw();
  void TrimRight() throw();
  void Trim()
  {
    TrimRight();
    TrimLeft();
  }

  void InsertAtFront(char c);
  // void Insert(unsigned index, char c);
  void Insert(unsigned index, const char *s);
  void Insert(unsigned index, const AString &s);

  void RemoveChar(char ch) throw();

  void Replace(char oldChar, char newChar) throw();
  void Replace(const AString &oldString, const AString &newString);

  void Delete(unsigned index) throw();
  void Delete(unsigned index, unsigned count) throw();
  void DeleteFrontal(unsigned num) throw();
  void DeleteBack() { _chars[--_len] = 0; }
  void DeleteFrom(unsigned index)
  {
    if (index < _len)
    {
      _len = index;
      _chars[index] = 0;
    }
  }

  void Wipe_and_Empty()
  {
    if (_chars)
    {
      memset(_chars, 0, (_limit + 1) * sizeof(*_chars));
      _len = 0;
    }
  }
};


class AString_Wipe: public AString
{
  CLASS_NO_COPY(AString_Wipe)
public:
  AString_Wipe(): AString() {}
  // AString_Wipe(const AString &s): AString(s) {}
  // AString_Wipe &operator=(const AString &s) { AString::operator=(s); return *this; }
  // AString_Wipe &operator=(const char *s) { AString::operator=(s); return *this; }
  ~AString_Wipe() { Wipe_and_Empty(); }
};


bool operator<(const AString &s1, const AString &s2);
bool operator>(const AString &s1, const AString &s2);

/*
bool operator==(const AString &s1, const AString &s2);
bool operator==(const AString &s1, const char    *s2);
bool operator==(const char    *s1, const AString &s2);

bool operator!=(const AString &s1, const AString &s2);
bool operator!=(const AString &s1, const char    *s2);
bool operator!=(const char    *s1, const AString &s2);
*/

inline bool operator==(const AString &s1, const AString &s2) { return s1.Len() == s2.Len() && strcmp(s1, s2) == 0; }
inline bool operator==(const AString &s1, const char    *s2) { return strcmp(s1, s2) == 0; }
inline bool operator==(const char    *s1, const AString &s2) { return strcmp(s1, s2) == 0; }

inline bool operator!=(const AString &s1, const AString &s2) { return s1.Len() != s2.Len() || strcmp(s1, s2) != 0; }
inline bool operator!=(const AString &s1, const char    *s2) { return strcmp(s1, s2) != 0; }
inline bool operator!=(const char    *s1, const AString &s2) { return strcmp(s1, s2) != 0; }

// ---------- forbidden functions ----------

void operator==(char c1, const AString &s2);
void operator==(const AString &s1, char c2);

void operator+(char c, const AString &s); // this function can be OK, but we don't use it

void operator+(const AString &s, int c);
void operator+(const AString &s, unsigned c);
void operator+(int c, const AString &s);
void operator+(unsigned c, const AString &s);
void operator-(const AString &s, int c);
void operator-(const AString &s, unsigned c);


class UString
{
  wchar_t *_chars;
  unsigned _len;
  unsigned _limit;

  void MoveItems(unsigned dest, unsigned src)
  {
    memmove(_chars + dest, _chars + src, (size_t)(_len - src + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
  }

  void InsertSpace(unsigned index, unsigned size);

  void ReAlloc(unsigned newLimit);
  void ReAlloc2(unsigned newLimit);
  void SetStartLen(unsigned len);
  void Grow_1();
  void Grow(unsigned n);

  UString(unsigned num, const wchar_t *s); // for Mid
  UString(unsigned num, const UString &s); // for Left
  UString(const UString &s, wchar_t c); // it's for String + char
  UString(const wchar_t *s1, unsigned num1, const wchar_t *s2, unsigned num2);

  friend UString operator+(const UString &s, wchar_t c) { return UString(s, c); }
  // friend UString operator+(wchar_t c, const UString &s); // is not supported

  friend UString operator+(const UString &s1, const UString &s2);
  friend UString operator+(const UString &s1, const wchar_t *s2);
  friend UString operator+(const wchar_t *s1, const UString &s2);

  // ---------- forbidden functions ----------

  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(signed char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(unsigned char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(short)

  #ifdef MY_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(unsigned short)
  #endif

  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(int)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(unsigned)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(long)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString(unsigned long)

  FORBID_STRING_OPS_2(UString, char)

 #ifdef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
  UString(const FString &s);
  UString &operator=(const FString &s);
  UString &operator+=(const FString &s);
 #endif

public:
  UString();
  explicit UString(wchar_t c);
  explicit UString(char c);
  explicit UString(const char *s);
  explicit UString(const AString &s);
  UString(const wchar_t *s);
  UString(const UString &s);
  ~UString() { MY_STRING_DELETE(_chars); }

  unsigned Len() const { return _len; }
  bool IsEmpty() const { return _len == 0; }
  void Empty() { _len = 0; _chars[0] = 0; }

  operator const wchar_t *() const { return _chars; }
  wchar_t *Ptr_non_const() const { return _chars; }
  const wchar_t *Ptr() const { return _chars; }
  const wchar_t *Ptr(unsigned pos) const { return _chars + pos; }
  const wchar_t *RightPtr(unsigned num) const { return _chars + _len - num; }
  wchar_t Back() const { return _chars[(size_t)_len - 1]; }

  void ReplaceOneCharAtPos(unsigned pos, wchar_t c) { _chars[pos] = c; }

  wchar_t *GetBuf() { return _chars; }

  wchar_t *GetBuf(unsigned minLen)
  {
    if (minLen > _limit)
      ReAlloc2(minLen);
    return _chars;
  }
  wchar_t *GetBuf_SetEnd(unsigned minLen)
  {
    if (minLen > _limit)
      ReAlloc2(minLen);
    wchar_t *chars = _chars;
    chars[minLen] = 0;
    _len = minLen;
    return chars;
  }

  void ReleaseBuf_SetLen(unsigned newLen) { _len = newLen; }
  void ReleaseBuf_SetEnd(unsigned newLen) { _len = newLen; _chars[newLen] = 0; }
  void ReleaseBuf_CalcLen(unsigned maxLen)
  {
    wchar_t *chars = _chars;
    chars[maxLen] = 0;
    _len = MyStringLen(chars);
  }

  UString &operator=(wchar_t c);
  UString &operator=(char c) { return (*this)=((wchar_t)(unsigned char)c); }
  UString &operator=(const wchar_t *s);
  UString &operator=(const UString &s);
  void SetFrom(const wchar_t *s, unsigned len); // no check
  void SetFromBstr(LPCOLESTR s);
  UString &operator=(const char *s);
  UString &operator=(const AString &s) { return operator=(s.Ptr()); }

  UString &operator+=(wchar_t c)
  {
    if (_limit == _len)
      Grow_1();
    unsigned len = _len;
    wchar_t *chars = _chars;
    chars[len++] = c;
    chars[len] = 0;
    _len = len;
    return *this;
  }

  UString &operator+=(char c) { return (*this)+=((wchar_t)(unsigned char)c); }

  void Add_Space();
  void Add_Space_if_NotEmpty();
  void Add_LF();
  void Add_PathSepar() { operator+=(WCHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR); }

  UString &operator+=(const wchar_t *s);
  UString &operator+=(const UString &s);
  UString &operator+=(const char *s);
  UString &operator+=(const AString &s) { return operator+=(s.Ptr()); }

  void Add_UInt32(UInt32 v);
  void Add_UInt64(UInt64 v);

  UString Mid(unsigned startIndex, unsigned count) const { return UString(count, _chars + startIndex); }
  UString Left(unsigned count) const { return UString(count, *this); }

  // void MakeUpper() { MyStringUpper(_chars); }
  // void MakeUpper() { MyStringUpper_Ascii(_chars); }
  // void MakeUpper_Ascii() { MyStringUpper_Ascii(_chars); }
  void MakeLower_Ascii() { MyStringLower_Ascii(_chars); }

  bool IsEqualTo(const char *s) const { return StringsAreEqual_Ascii(_chars, s); }
  bool IsEqualTo_NoCase(const wchar_t *s) const { return StringsAreEqualNoCase(_chars, s); }
  bool IsEqualTo_Ascii_NoCase(const char *s) const { return StringsAreEqualNoCase_Ascii(_chars, s); }
  int Compare(const wchar_t *s) const { return wcscmp(_chars, s); }
  // int Compare(const UString &s) const { return MyStringCompare(_chars, s._chars); }
  // int CompareNoCase(const wchar_t *s) const { return MyStringCompareNoCase(_chars, s); }
  // int CompareNoCase(const UString &s) const { return MyStringCompareNoCase(_chars, s._chars); }
  bool IsPrefixedBy(const wchar_t *s) const { return IsString1PrefixedByString2(_chars, s); }
  bool IsPrefixedBy_NoCase(const wchar_t *s) const { return IsString1PrefixedByString2_NoCase(_chars, s); }
  bool IsPrefixedBy_Ascii_NoCase(const char *s) const throw();

  bool IsAscii() const
  {
    unsigned len = Len();
    const wchar_t *s = _chars;
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < len; i++)
      if (s[i] >= 0x80)
        return false;
    return true;
  }
  int Find(wchar_t c) const { return FindCharPosInString(_chars, c); }
  int Find(wchar_t c, unsigned startIndex) const
  {
    int pos = FindCharPosInString(_chars + startIndex, c);
    return pos < 0 ? -1 : (int)startIndex + pos;
  }

  int ReverseFind(wchar_t c) const throw();
  int ReverseFind_Dot() const throw() { return ReverseFind(L'.'); }
  int ReverseFind_PathSepar() const throw();

  int Find(const wchar_t *s) const { return Find(s, 0); }
  int Find(const wchar_t *s, unsigned startIndex) const throw();

  void TrimLeft() throw();
  void TrimRight() throw();
  void Trim()
  {
    TrimRight();
    TrimLeft();
  }

  void InsertAtFront(wchar_t c);
  // void Insert_wchar_t(unsigned index, wchar_t c);
  void Insert(unsigned index, const wchar_t *s);
  void Insert(unsigned index, const UString &s);

  void RemoveChar(wchar_t ch) throw();

  void Replace(wchar_t oldChar, wchar_t newChar) throw();
  void Replace(const UString &oldString, const UString &newString);

  void Delete(unsigned index) throw();
  void Delete(unsigned index, unsigned count) throw();
  void DeleteFrontal(unsigned num) throw();
  void DeleteBack() { _chars[--_len] = 0; }
  void DeleteFrom(unsigned index)
  {
    if (index < _len)
    {
      _len = index;
      _chars[index] = 0;
    }
  }

  void Wipe_and_Empty()
  {
    if (_chars)
    {
      memset(_chars, 0, (_limit + 1) * sizeof(*_chars));
      _len = 0;
    }
  }
};


class UString_Wipe: public UString
{
  CLASS_NO_COPY(UString_Wipe)
public:
  UString_Wipe(): UString() {}
  // UString_Wipe(const UString &s): UString(s) {}
  // UString_Wipe &operator=(const UString &s) { UString::operator=(s); return *this; }
  // UString_Wipe &operator=(const wchar_t *s) { UString::operator=(s); return *this; }
  ~UString_Wipe() { Wipe_and_Empty(); }
};


bool operator<(const UString &s1, const UString &s2);
bool operator>(const UString &s1, const UString &s2);

inline bool operator==(const UString &s1, const UString &s2) { return s1.Len() == s2.Len() && wcscmp(s1, s2) == 0; }
inline bool operator==(const UString &s1, const wchar_t *s2) { return wcscmp(s1, s2) == 0; }
inline bool operator==(const wchar_t *s1, const UString &s2) { return wcscmp(s1, s2) == 0; }

inline bool operator!=(const UString &s1, const UString &s2) { return s1.Len() != s2.Len() || wcscmp(s1, s2) != 0; }
inline bool operator!=(const UString &s1, const wchar_t *s2) { return wcscmp(s1, s2) != 0; }
inline bool operator!=(const wchar_t *s1, const UString &s2) { return wcscmp(s1, s2) != 0; }


// ---------- forbidden functions ----------

void operator==(wchar_t c1, const UString &s2);
void operator==(const UString &s1, wchar_t c2);

void operator+(wchar_t c, const UString &s); // this function can be OK, but we don't use it

void operator+(const AString &s1, const UString &s2);
void operator+(const UString &s1, const AString &s2);

void operator+(const UString &s1, const char *s2);
void operator+(const char *s1, const UString &s2);

void operator+(const UString &s, char c);
void operator+(const UString &s, unsigned char c);
void operator+(char c, const UString &s);
void operator+(unsigned char c, const UString &s);
void operator-(const UString &s1, wchar_t c);

#ifdef _WIN32
// can we forbid these functions, if wchar_t is 32-bit ?
void operator+(const UString &s, int c);
void operator+(const UString &s, unsigned c);
void operator+(int c, const UString &s);
void operator+(unsigned c, const UString &s);
void operator-(const UString &s1, int c);
void operator-(const UString &s1, unsigned c);
#endif


class UString2
{
  wchar_t *_chars;
  unsigned _len;

  void ReAlloc2(unsigned newLimit);
  void SetStartLen(unsigned len);

  // ---------- forbidden functions ----------

  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString2(char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString2(signed char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString2(unsigned char)
  FORBID_STRING_OPS_UString2(short)

  UString2 &operator=(wchar_t c);

  UString2(const AString &s);
  UString2 &operator=(const AString &s);
  UString2 &operator+=(const AString &s);

 #ifdef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
  UString2(const FString &s);
  UString2 &operator=(const FString &s);
  UString2 &operator+=(const FString &s);
 #endif

public:
  UString2(): _chars(NULL), _len(0) {}
  UString2(const wchar_t *s);
  UString2(const UString2 &s);
  ~UString2() { if (_chars) MY_STRING_DELETE(_chars); }

  unsigned Len() const { return _len; }
  bool IsEmpty() const { return _len == 0; }
  // void Empty() { _len = 0; _chars[0] = 0; }

  // operator const wchar_t *() const { return _chars; }
  const wchar_t *GetRawPtr() const { return _chars; }

  int Compare(const wchar_t *s) const { return wcscmp(_chars, s); }

  wchar_t *GetBuf(unsigned minLen)
  {
    if (!_chars || minLen > _len)
      ReAlloc2(minLen);
    return _chars;
  }
  void ReleaseBuf_SetLen(unsigned newLen) { _len = newLen; }

  UString2 &operator=(const wchar_t *s);
  UString2 &operator=(const UString2 &s);
  void SetFromAscii(const char *s);
};

bool operator==(const UString2 &s1, const UString2 &s2);
bool operator==(const UString2 &s1, const wchar_t *s2);
bool operator==(const wchar_t *s1, const UString2 &s2);

inline bool operator!=(const UString2 &s1, const UString2 &s2) { return !(s1 == s2); }
inline bool operator!=(const UString2 &s1, const wchar_t *s2) { return !(s1 == s2); }
inline bool operator!=(const wchar_t *s1, const UString2 &s2) { return !(s1 == s2); }


// ---------- forbidden functions ----------

void operator==(wchar_t c1, const UString2 &s2);
void operator==(const UString2 &s1, wchar_t c2);
bool operator<(const UString2 &s1, const UString2 &s2);
bool operator>(const UString2 &s1, const UString2 &s2);

void operator+(const UString2 &s1, const UString2 &s2);
void operator+(const UString2 &s1, const wchar_t *s2);
void operator+(const wchar_t *s1, const UString2 &s2);
void operator+(wchar_t c, const UString2 &s);
void operator+(const UString2 &s, wchar_t c);
void operator+(const UString2 &s, char c);
void operator+(const UString2 &s, unsigned char c);
void operator+(char c, const UString2 &s);
void operator+(unsigned char c, const UString2 &s);
void operator-(const UString2 &s1, wchar_t c);


typedef CObjectVector<AString> AStringVector;
typedef CObjectVector<UString> UStringVector;

#ifdef _UNICODE
  typedef UString CSysString;
#else
  typedef AString CSysString;
#endif

typedef CObjectVector<CSysString> CSysStringVector;


// ---------- FString ----------

#ifndef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
#ifdef _WIN32
  #define USE_UNICODE_FSTRING
#endif
#endif

#ifdef USE_UNICODE_FSTRING

  #define __FTEXT(quote) L##quote

  typedef wchar_t FChar;
  typedef UString FString;

  #define fs2us(_x_) (_x_)
  #define us2fs(_x_) (_x_)
  FString fas2fs(const char *s);
  FString fas2fs(const AString &s);
  AString fs2fas(const FChar *s);

#else

  #define __FTEXT(quote) quote

  typedef char FChar;

 #ifdef DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING

  class FString: public AString
  {
    // FString &operator=(const char *s);
    FString &operator=(const AString &s);
    // FString &operator+=(const AString &s);
  public:
    FString(const AString &s): AString(s.Ptr()) {}
    FString(const FString &s): AString(s.Ptr()) {}
    FString(const char *s): AString(s) {}
    FString() {}
    FString &operator=(const FString &s)  { AString::operator=((const AString &)s); return *this; }
    FString &operator=(char c) { AString::operator=(c); return *this; }
    FString &operator+=(char c) { AString::operator+=(c); return *this; }
    FString &operator+=(const FString &s) { AString::operator+=((const AString &)s); return *this; }
    FString Left(unsigned count) const  { return FString(AString::Left(count)); }
  };
  void operator+(const AString &s1, const FString &s2);
  void operator+(const FString &s1, const AString &s2);

  inline FString operator+(const FString &s1, const FString &s2)
  {
    AString s =(const AString &)s1 + (const AString &)s2;
    return FString(s.Ptr());
    // return FString((const AString &)s1 + (const AString &)s2);
  }
  inline FString operator+(const FString &s1, const FChar *s2)
  {
    return s1 + (FString)s2;
  }
  /*
  inline FString operator+(const FChar *s1, const FString &s2)
  {
    return (FString)s1 + s2;
  }
  */

  inline FString fas2fs(const char *s)  { return FString(s); }

 #else // DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING
  typedef AString FString;
  #define fas2fs(_x_) (_x_)
 #endif // DEBUG_FSTRING_INHERITS_ASTRING

  UString fs2us(const FChar *s);
  UString fs2us(const FString &s);
  FString us2fs(const wchar_t *s);
  #define fs2fas(_x_) (_x_)

#endif

#define FTEXT(quote) __FTEXT(quote)

#define FCHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR FTEXT(CHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR)
#define FSTRING_PATH_SEPARATOR FTEXT(STRING_PATH_SEPARATOR)

// #define FCHAR_ANY_MASK FTEXT('*')
// #define FSTRING_ANY_MASK FTEXT("*")

typedef const FChar *CFSTR;

typedef CObjectVector<FString> FStringVector;

#endif


#if defined(_WIN32)
  // #include <wchar.h>
  // WCHAR_MAX is defined as ((wchar_t)-1)
  #define _WCHART_IS_16BIT 1
#elif (defined(WCHAR_MAX) && (WCHAR_MAX <= 0xffff)) \
   || (defined(__SIZEOF_WCHAR_T__) && (__SIZEOF_WCHAR_T__ == 2))
  #define _WCHART_IS_16BIT 1
#endif

#if WCHAR_PATH_SEPARATOR == L'\\'
// WSL scheme
#define WCHAR_IN_FILE_NAME_BACKSLASH_REPLACEMENT  ((wchar_t)((unsigned)(0xF000) + (unsigned)'\\'))
// #define WCHAR_IN_FILE_NAME_BACKSLASH_REPLACEMENT  '_'
#endif