1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2008 - 2011 Vivien Malerba <malerba@gnome-db.org>
3  *
4  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7  * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
12  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15  * License along with this library; if not, write to the
16  * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor,
17  * Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
18  */
19 
20 
21 #ifndef __GDA_SQL_PARSER_H_
22 #define __GDA_SQL_PARSER_H_
23 
24 #include <glib-object.h>
25 #include <libgda/gda-statement.h>
26 #include <libgda/gda-batch.h>
27 #include <sql-parser/gda-statement-struct.h>
28 #include <sql-parser/gda-statement-struct-util.h>
29 
30 G_BEGIN_DECLS
31 
32 #define GDA_TYPE_SQL_PARSER          (gda_sql_parser_get_type())
33 #define GDA_SQL_PARSER(obj)          G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST (obj, gda_sql_parser_get_type(), GdaSqlParser)
34 #define GDA_SQL_PARSER_CLASS(klass)  G_TYPE_CHECK_CLASS_CAST (klass, gda_sql_parser_get_type (), GdaSqlParserClass)
35 #define GDA_IS_SQL_PARSER(obj)       G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_TYPE (obj, gda_sql_parser_get_type ())
36 
37 /* error reporting */
38 extern GQuark gda_sql_parser_error_quark (void);
39 #define GDA_SQL_PARSER_ERROR gda_sql_parser_error_quark ()
40 
41 typedef enum
42 {
43 	GDA_SQL_PARSER_SYNTAX_ERROR,
44 	GDA_SQL_PARSER_OVERFLOW_ERROR,
45 	GDA_SQL_PARSER_EMPTY_SQL_ERROR
46 } GdaSqlParserError;
47 
48 typedef enum {
49         GDA_SQL_PARSER_MODE_PARSE,
50         GDA_SQL_PARSER_MODE_DELIMIT
51 } GdaSqlParserMode;
52 
53 typedef enum {
54         GDA_SQL_PARSER_FLAVOUR_STANDARD   = 0,
55         GDA_SQL_PARSER_FLAVOUR_SQLITE     = 1,
56         GDA_SQL_PARSER_FLAVOUR_MYSQL      = 2,
57         GDA_SQL_PARSER_FLAVOUR_ORACLE     = 3,
58         GDA_SQL_PARSER_FLAVOUR_POSTGRESQL = 4
59 } GdaSqlParserFlavour;
60 
61 /* struct for the object's data */
62 struct _GdaSqlParser
63 {
64 	GObject              object;
65 	GdaSqlParserPrivate *priv;
66 };
67 
68 /* interface with the Lemon parser */
69 typedef struct _GdaSqlParserIface
70 {
71 	GdaSqlParser    *parser;
72 	GdaSqlStatement *parsed_statement;
73 
74 	/*< private >*/
75 	/* Padding for future expansion */
76 	gpointer         _gda_reserved1;
77 	gpointer         _gda_reserved2;
78 } GdaSqlParserIface;
79 
80 /* struct for the object's class */
81 struct _GdaSqlParserClass
82 {
83 	GObjectClass         parent_class;
84 
85 	/* virtual methods and data for sub classed parsers */
86 	void *(*delim_alloc) (void *(*f) (size_t s));
87 	void (*delim_free) (void  *d, void(*f) (void *d));
88 	void (*delim_trace) (void *d, char *s);
89 	void (*delim_parse) (void *d, int i, GValue *v, GdaSqlParserIface *iface);
90 	gint *delim_tokens_trans;
91 
92 	void *(*parser_alloc) (void *(*f)(size_t s));
93 	void (*parser_free) (void *p, void(*f)(void *p));
94 	void (*parser_trace) (void *p, char *s);
95 	void (*parser_parse) (void *p, int i, GValue *v, GdaSqlParserIface *iface);
96 	gint *parser_tokens_trans;
97 
98 	/*< private >*/
99 	/* Padding for future expansion */
100 	void (*_gda_reserved1) (void);
101 	void (*_gda_reserved2) (void);
102 	void (*_gda_reserved3) (void);
103 	void (*_gda_reserved4) (void);
104 };
105 
106 /**
107  * SECTION:gda-sql-parser
108  * @short_description: SQL parser
109  * @title: GdaSqlParser
110  * @stability: Stable
111  * @see_also: #GdaSqlBuilder, #GdaSqlStatement and #GdaStatement
112  *
113  * The #GdaSqlParser is an object dedicated to creating #GdaStatement and #GdaBatch objects from SQL strings. The actual contents
114  * of the parsed statements is represented as #GdaSqlStatement structures (which can be obtained from any #GdaStatement through the
115  * "structure" property).
116  *
117  * #GdaSqlParser parsers can be created by calling gda_server_provider_create_parser() for a provider adapted SQL parser, or using
118  * gda_sql_parser_new() for a general purpose SQL parser.
119  *
120  * The #GdaSqlParser can either work in "parse" mode where it will try to parse the SQL string, or in "delimiter" mode where it will
121  * only attempt at delimiting SQL statements in a string which may contain several SQL statements (usually separated by a semi column).
122  * If operating in "parser" mode, and the parser can't correctly parse the string, then it will switch to the "delimiter" mode
123  * for the next statement in the string to parse (and create a GDA_SQL_STATEMENT_UNKNOWN statement).
124  *
125  * The #GdaSqlParser object parses and analyzes SQL statements and reports the following statement types:
126  * <itemizedlist>
127  * <listitem><para>SELECT (and COMPOUND select),
128  *     INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE SQL statements should be completely parsed.
129  * </para></listitem>
130  * <listitem><para>Transaction related statements (corresponding to the BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK,
131  * SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT and DELETE SAVEPOINT) are parsed and a minimalist structure is created to
132  * extract some information (that structure is not enough per-se to re-create the complete SQL statement).
133  * </para></listitem>
134  * <listitem><para>Any other type of SQL statement (CREATE TABLE, ...) creates a #GdaStatement of type
135  *     GDA_SQL_STATEMENT_UNKNOWN, and it only able to locate place holders (variables) and end of statement
136  *     marks.</para></listitem>
137  * </itemizedlist>
138  *
139  * NOTE: Any SQL of a type which should be parsed which but which creates a #GdaStatement of type GDA_SQL_STATEMENT_UNKNOWN
140  * (check with gda_statement_get_statement_type()) should be reported as a bug.
141  *
142  * The #GdaSqlParser object recognizes place holders (variables), which can later be queried and valued using
143  * gda_statement_get_parameters(). The following syntax are recognized (other syntaxes might be
144  * recognized for specific database providers if the #GdaSqlParser is created using gda_server_provider_create_parser()
145  * but for portability reasons it's better to avoid them):
146  * <itemizedlist>
147  * <listitem><para><programlisting>##NAME[::TYPE[::NULL]]]</programlisting>:
148  *     for a variable named NAME with the optional type TYPE (which can be a GType
149  *     name or a custom database type name), and with the optional "::NULL" to instruct that the variable can
150  *     be NULL.
151  * </para></listitem>
152  * <listitem><para>
153  *  <programlisting>## /&ast; name:NAME [type:TYPE] [nullok:[TRUE|FALSE]] [descr:DESCR] &ast;/</programlisting>
154  *     for a variable named NAME with the optional type TYPE (which can be a GType
155  *     name or a custom database type name), with the optional "nullok" attribute and an optional
156  *     description DESCR. Note that the NAME, TYPE and DESCR literals here must be quoted (simple or double quotes) if
157  *     they include non alphanumeric characters, and that there must always be at least a space between the
158  *     <![CDATA[##]]> and the opening and closing comments (C style).
159  * </para></listitem>
160  * </itemizedlist>
161  * Note that the type string must be a type recognized by the
162  * <link linkend="gda-g-type-from-string">gda_g_type_from_string()</link> function (all valid GType names
163  * plus a few synonyms). Examples of correct place holders definitions are:
164  * <programlisting>
165  *## /&ast; name:"+0" type:gchararray &ast;/
166  *## /&ast; name:'-5' type:string &ast;/
167  *## /&ast;name:myvar type:gint descr:ToBeDefined nullok:FALSE&ast;/
168  *## /&ast;name:myvar type:int descr:"A long description"&ast;/
169  *##+0::gchararray
170  *##-5::timestamp
171  *</programlisting>
172  *
173  * Also note that variables should not be used when an SQL identifier is expected. For example the following
174  * examples <emphasis>should be avoided</emphasis> because they may not work properly (depending on the database being used):
175  *<programlisting>
176  *SELECT * FROM ##tablename::string;
177  *DELETE FROM mytable WHERE ##tcol::string = 5;
178  *ALTER GROUP mygroup ADD USER ##name::gchararray;
179  *</programlisting>
180  *
181  * The #GdaSqlParser object internally uses a LEMON generated parser (the same as the one used by SQLite).
182  *
183  * The #GdaSqlParser object implements its own locking mechanism so it is thread-safe.
184  */
185 
186 GType               gda_sql_parser_get_type               (void) G_GNUC_CONST;
187 GdaSqlParser       *gda_sql_parser_new                    (void);
188 
189 GdaStatement       *gda_sql_parser_parse_string           (GdaSqlParser *parser,
190 							   const gchar *sql, const gchar **remain,
191 							   GError **error);
192 GdaBatch           *gda_sql_parser_parse_string_as_batch  (GdaSqlParser *parser,
193 							   const gchar *sql, const gchar **remain,
194 							   GError **error);
195 GdaBatch           *gda_sql_parser_parse_file_as_batch    (GdaSqlParser *parser,
196 							   const gchar *filename, GError **error);
197 
198 /* private API */
199 void                gda_sql_parser_set_syntax_error      (GdaSqlParser *parser);
200 void                gda_sql_parser_set_overflow_error    (GdaSqlParser *parser);
201 
202 G_END_DECLS
203 
204 #endif
205