1 /****************************************************************************
2  *                                                                          *
3  *                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         *
4  *                                                                          *
5  *                              S E H - I N I T                             *
6  *                                                                          *
7  *                          C Implementation File                           *
8  *                                                                          *
9  *           Copyright (C) 2005-2013, Free Software Foundation, Inc.        *
10  *                                                                          *
11  * GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under *
12  * terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- *
13  * ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- *
14  * sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- *
15  * OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY *
16  * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.                                     *
17  *                                                                          *
18  * As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted *
19  * additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception,   *
20  * version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.               *
21  *                                                                          *
22  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and    *
23  * a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;     *
24  * see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see    *
25  * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                                          *
26  *                                                                          *
27  * GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. *
28  * Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      *
29  *                                                                          *
30  ****************************************************************************/
31 
32 /*  This unit contains support for SEH (Structured Exception Handling).
33     Right now the only implementation is for Win32.  */
34 
35 #ifdef IN_RTS
36 #include "tconfig.h"
37 #include "tsystem.h"
38 
39 /* We don't have libiberty, so use malloc.  */
40 #define xmalloc(S) malloc (S)
41 
42 #else
43 #include "config.h"
44 #include "system.h"
45 #endif
46 
47 #include "raise.h"
48 
49 #ifdef __cplusplus
50 extern "C" {
51 #endif
52 
53 /* Addresses of exception data blocks for predefined exceptions. */
54 extern struct Exception_Data constraint_error;
55 extern struct Exception_Data numeric_error;
56 extern struct Exception_Data program_error;
57 extern struct Exception_Data storage_error;
58 extern struct Exception_Data tasking_error;
59 extern struct Exception_Data _abort_signal;
60 
61 #define Raise_From_Signal_Handler \
62                       ada__exceptions__raise_from_signal_handler
63 extern void Raise_From_Signal_Handler (struct Exception_Data *, const char *)
64   ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
65 
66 
67 #if defined (_WIN32)
68 
69 #include <windows.h>
70 #include <excpt.h>
71 
72 /* Prototypes.  */
73 extern void _global_unwind2 (void *);
74 
75 EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION __gnat_SEH_error_handler
76 (struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD*, void*, struct _CONTEXT*, void*) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
77 
78 struct Exception_Data *
79 __gnat_map_SEH (EXCEPTION_RECORD* ExceptionRecord, const char **msg);
80 
81 /* Convert an SEH exception to an Ada one.  Return the exception ID
82    and set MSG with the corresponding message.  */
83 
84 struct Exception_Data *
__gnat_map_SEH(EXCEPTION_RECORD * ExceptionRecord,const char ** msg)85 __gnat_map_SEH (EXCEPTION_RECORD* ExceptionRecord, const char **msg)
86 {
87   switch (ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode)
88     {
89     case EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION:
90       /* If the failing address isn't maximally-aligned or if the page
91 	 before the faulting page is not accessible, this is a program error.
92       */
93       if ((ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1] & 3) != 0
94 	  || IsBadCodePtr
95 	  ((FARPROC)(ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1] + 4096)))
96 	{
97 	  *msg = "EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION";
98 	  return &program_error;
99 	}
100       else
101 	{
102 	  /* otherwise it is a stack overflow  */
103 	  *msg = "stack overflow or erroneous memory access";
104 	  return &storage_error;
105 	}
106 
107     case EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED:
108       *msg = "EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED";
109       return &constraint_error;
110 
111     case EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT:
112       *msg = "EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT";
113       return &constraint_error;
114 
115     case EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND:
116       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND";
117       return &constraint_error;
118 
119     case EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
120       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND";
121       return &constraint_error;
122 
123     case EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION:
124       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION";
125       return &constraint_error;
126 
127     case EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW:
128       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW";
129       return &constraint_error;
130 
131     case EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK:
132       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK";
133       return &program_error;
134 
135     case EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW:
136       *msg = "EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW";
137       return &constraint_error;
138 
139     case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
140       *msg = "EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO";
141       return &constraint_error;
142 
143     case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
144       *msg = "EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW";
145       return &constraint_error;
146 
147     case EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION:
148       *msg = "EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION";
149       return &program_error;
150 
151     case EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION:
152       *msg = "EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION";
153       return &program_error;
154 
155     case EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION:
156       *msg = "EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION";
157       return &program_error;
158 
159     case EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP:
160       *msg = "EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP";
161       return &program_error;
162 
163     case EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW:
164       *msg = "EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW";
165       return &storage_error;
166 
167     default:
168       *msg = NULL;
169       return NULL;
170     }
171 }
172 
173 #if !(defined (_WIN64) && defined (__SEH__))
174 
175 EXCEPTION_DISPOSITION
__gnat_SEH_error_handler(struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD * ExceptionRecord,void * EstablisherFrame ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,struct _CONTEXT * ContextRecord ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,void * DispatcherContext ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)176 __gnat_SEH_error_handler (struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD* ExceptionRecord,
177 			  void *EstablisherFrame ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
178 			  struct _CONTEXT* ContextRecord ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
179 			  void *DispatcherContext ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
180 {
181   struct Exception_Data *exception;
182   const char *msg;
183 
184   exception = __gnat_map_SEH (ExceptionRecord, &msg);
185 
186   if (exception == NULL)
187     {
188       exception = &program_error;
189       msg = "unhandled signal";
190     }
191 
192 #if ! defined (_WIN64)
193   /* This call is important as it avoids locking the second time we catch a
194      signal. Note that this routine is documented as internal to Windows and
195      should not be used.  */
196 
197   _global_unwind2 (EstablisherFrame);
198   /* Call equivalent to RtlUnwind (EstablisherFrame, NULL, NULL, 0); */
199 #endif
200 
201   Raise_From_Signal_Handler (exception, msg);
202 }
203 #endif /* !(defined (_WIN64) && defined (__SEH__)) */
204 
205 #if defined (_WIN64)
206 /*  On x86_64 windows exception mechanism is no more based on a chained list
207     of handlers addresses on the stack. Instead unwinding information is used
208     to retrieve the exception handler (similar to ZCX GCC mechanism). So in
209     order to register an exception handler we need to put in the final
210     executable some unwinding information. This information might be present
211     statically in the image file inside the .pdata section or registered
212     through RtlAddFunctionTable API. Currently the GCC toolchain does not
213     generate the .pdata information for each function. As we don't need to
214     handle SEH exceptions except for signal handling we are registering a
215     "fake" unwinding data that associate a SEH exception handler to the
216     complete .text section. As we never return from the handler, the system
217     does not try to do the final unwinding using the pdata information. The
218     unwinding is handled by the runtime using either the GNAT SJLJ mechanism
219     or the ZCX GCC mechanism.
220 
221     Solutions based on SetUnhandledExceptionFilter have been discarded as this
222     function is mostly disabled on last Windows versions.
223     Using AddVectoredExceptionHandler should also be discarded as it overrides
224     all SEH exception handlers that might be present in the program itself and
225     the loaded DLL (for example it results in unexpected behaviors in the
226     Win32 subsystem.  */
227 
228 #ifndef __SEH__
229   /* Don't use this trick when SEH are emitted by gcc, as it will conflict with
230      them.  */
231 asm
232 (
233  " .section .rdata, \"dr\"\n"
234  " .align 4\n"
235  "unwind_info:\n"
236  " .byte 9\n" /* UNW_FLAG_EHANDLER | UNW_VERSION */
237  " .byte 0\n" /* Prologue size.  */
238  " .byte 0\n" /* Count of unwind code.  */
239  " .byte 0\n" /* Frame register and offset.  */
240  " .rva __gnat_SEH_error_handler\n"
241  "\n"
242  " .section .pdata, \"dr\"\n"
243  " .align 4\n"
244  " .long 0\n" /* ImageBase */
245  " .rva etext\n"
246  " .rva unwind_info\n"
247  "\n"
248  " .text\n"
249 );
250 #endif /* __SEH__ */
251 
__gnat_install_SEH_handler(void * eh ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)252 void __gnat_install_SEH_handler (void *eh ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
253 {
254   /* Nothing to do, the handler is statically installed by the asm statement
255      just above.  */
256 }
257 
258 #else /* defined (_WIN64) */
259 /*  Install the Win32 SEH exception handler. Note that the caller must have
260     allocated 8 bytes on the stack and pass the pointer to this stack
261     space. This is needed as the SEH exception handler must be on the stack of
262     the thread.
263 
264        int buf[2];
265 
266        __gnat_install_SEH_handler ((void*)buf);
267 
268        main();
269 
270    This call must be done before calling the main procedure or the thread
271    entry. The stack space must exists during all the main run.  */
272 
273 void
__gnat_install_SEH_handler(void * ER)274 __gnat_install_SEH_handler (void *ER)
275 {
276   int *ptr;
277 
278   /* put current handler in ptr */
279 
280   asm ("mov %%fs:(0),%0" : "=r" (ptr));
281 
282   ((int *)ER)[0] = (int)ptr;                       /* previous handler */
283   ((int *)ER)[1] = (int)__gnat_SEH_error_handler;  /* new handler */
284 
285   /* ER is the new handler, set fs:(0) with this value */
286 
287   asm volatile ("mov %0,%%fs:(0)": : "r" (ER));
288 }
289 #endif
290 
291 #else /* defined (_WIN32) */
292 /* For all non Windows targets we provide a dummy SEH install handler.  */
__gnat_install_SEH_handler(void * eh ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)293 void __gnat_install_SEH_handler (void *eh ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
294 {
295 }
296 #endif
297 
298 #ifdef __cplusplus
299 }
300 #endif
301