1 // license:BSD-3-Clause
2 // copyright-holders:Couriersud
3 /*
4
5 Battlezone sound info, courtesy of Al Kossow:
6
7 D7 motor enable this enables the engine sound
8 D6 start LED
9 D5 sound enable this enables ALL sound outputs
10 including the POKEY output
11 D4 engine rev en this controls the engine speed
12 the engine sound is an integrated square
13 wave (saw tooth) that is frequency modulated
14 by engine rev.
15 D3 shell loud, soft/ explosion volume
16 D2 shell enable
17 D1 explosion loud, soft/ explosion volume
18 D0 explosion enable gates a noise generator
19
20 */
21
22 #include "emu.h"
23 #include "includes/bzone.h"
24
25 #include "sound/discrete.h"
26 #include "sound/pokey.h"
27
28 #include "speaker.h"
29
30
31 /* This sets an amount of gain boost to apply to the final signal
32 * that will drive it into clipping. The slider is ajusted by the
33 * reverse factor, so that the final result is not clipped.
34 * This allows for the user to easily adjust the sound into the clipping
35 * range so it sounds more like a real cabinet.
36 */
37 #define BZ_FINAL_GAIN 2
38
39 #define BZ_NOISE_CLOCK 12000
40
41 #define TTL_OUT 3.4
42
43 /*************************************
44 *
45 * Discrete Sound Defines
46 *
47 *************************************/
48
49 /* Discrete Sound Input Nodes */
50 #define BZ_INPUT NODE_01 /* at M2 LS273 */
51 #define BZ_INP_EXPLO NODE_10_00
52 #define BZ_INP_EXPLOLS NODE_10_01
53 #define BZ_INP_SHELL NODE_10_02
54 #define BZ_INP_SHELLLS NODE_10_03
55 #define BZ_INP_ENGREV NODE_10_04
56 #define BZ_INP_SOUNDEN NODE_10_05
57 #define BZ_INP_STARTLED NODE_10_06
58 #define BZ_INP_MOTEN NODE_10_07
59
60 /* Adjusters */
61 #define BZ_R11_POT NODE_11
62
63 /* Discrete Sound Output Nodes */
64 #define BZ_NOISE NODE_20
65 #define BZ_SHELL_SND NODE_21
66 #define BZ_EXPLOSION_SND NODE_22
67 #define BZ_ENGINE_SND NODE_23
68 #define BZ_POKEY_SND NODE_24
69
70 /* Parts List - Resistors */
71 #define BZ_R5 RES_K(1)
72 #define BZ_R6 RES_K(4.7)
73 #define BZ_R7 RES_K(1)
74 #define BZ_R8 RES_K(100)
75 #define BZ_R9 RES_K(22)
76 #define BZ_R10 RES_K(100)
77 #define BZ_R11 RES_K(250)
78 #define BZ_R12 RES_K(33)
79 #define BZ_R13 RES_K(10)
80 #define BZ_R14 RES_K(22)
81 #define BZ_R15 RES_K(1)
82 #define BZ_R16 RES_K(1)
83 #define BZ_R17 RES_K(22)
84 #define BZ_R18 RES_K(10)
85 #define BZ_R19 RES_K(33)
86 #define BZ_R20 RES_K(33)
87 #define BZ_R21 RES_K(33)
88 #define BZ_R25 RES_K(100)
89 #define BZ_R26 RES_K(33)
90 #define BZ_R27 RES_K(330)
91 #define BZ_R28 RES_K(100)
92 #define BZ_R29 RES_K(22)
93 #define BZ_R30 RES_K(10)
94 #define BZ_R31 RES_K(100)
95 #define BZ_R32 RES_K(330)
96 #define BZ_R33 RES_K(330)
97 #define BZ_R34 RES_K(33)
98 #define BZ_R35 RES_K(33)
99
100 /* Parts List - Capacitors */
101 #define BZ_C9 CAP_U(4.7)
102 #define BZ_C11 CAP_U(0.015)
103 #define BZ_C13 CAP_U(10)
104 #define BZ_C14 CAP_U(10)
105 #define BZ_C20 CAP_U(0.1)
106 #define BZ_C21 CAP_U(0.0047)
107 #define BZ_C22 CAP_U(0.0047)
108 #define BZ_C29 CAP_U(0.47)
109
110 /*************************************
111 *
112 * Discrete Sound static structs
113 *
114 *************************************/
115
116
117 static const discrete_lfsr_desc bzone_lfsr =
118 {
119 DISC_CLK_IS_FREQ,
120 16, /* Bit Length */
121 0, /* Reset Value */
122 3, /* Use Bit 10 (QC of second LS164) as F0 input 0 */
123 14, /* Use Bit 23 (QH of third LS164) as F0 input 1 */
124 DISC_LFSR_XOR, /* F0 is XOR */
125 DISC_LFSR_NOT_IN0, /* F1 is inverted F0*/
126 DISC_LFSR_REPLACE, /* F2 replaces the shifted register contents */
127 0x000001, /* Everything is shifted into the first bit only */
128 DISC_LFSR_FLAG_OUTPUT_SR_SN1, /* output the complete shift register to sub node 1*/
129 15 /* Output bit */
130 };
131
132 #if 0
133 static const discrete_op_amp_filt_info bzone_explo_0 =
134 {
135 BZ_R18 + BZ_R19, 0, 0, 0, /* r1, r2, r3, r4 */
136 BZ_R33, /* rF */
137 BZ_C22, 0, 0, /* c1, c2, c3 */
138 0, /* vRef - not used */
139 22, 0 /* vP, vN */
140 };
141
142 static const discrete_op_amp_filt_info bzone_explo_1 =
143 {
144 BZ_R18, 0, 0, 0, /* r1, r2, r3, r4 */
145 BZ_R33, /* rF */
146 BZ_C22, 0, 0, /* c1, c2, c3 */
147 0, /* vRef - not used */
148 22, 0 /* vP, vN */
149 };
150
151 static const discrete_op_amp_filt_info bzone_shell_0 =
152 {
153 BZ_R13 + BZ_R12, 0, 0, 0, /* r1, r2, r3, r4 */
154 BZ_R32, /* rF */
155 BZ_C21, 0, 0, /* c1, c2, c3 */
156 0, /* vRef - not used */
157 22, 0 /* vP, vN */
158 };
159
160 static const discrete_op_amp_filt_info bzone_shell_1 =
161 {
162 BZ_R13, 0, 0, 0, /* r1, r2, r3, r4 */
163 BZ_R32, /* rF */
164 BZ_C21, 0, 0, /* c1, c2, c3 */
165 0, /* vRef - not used */
166 22, 0 /* vP, vN */
167 };
168 #endif
169
170 static const discrete_555_desc bzone_vco_desc =
171 {
172 DISC_555_OUT_DC,
173 5.0,
174 DEFAULT_555_CHARGE,
175 1.0 // Logic output
176 };
177
178 static const discrete_mixer_desc bzone_eng_mixer_desc =
179 {
180 DISC_MIXER_IS_RESISTOR,
181 {BZ_R20, BZ_R21, BZ_R34, BZ_R35},
182 {0, 0, 0, 0},
183 {0, 0, 0, 0},
184 0, 0,
185 BZ_C29,
186 0, /* no out cap */
187 0, TTL_OUT /* inputs are logic */
188 };
189
190 static const discrete_mixer_desc bzone_final_mixer_desc =
191 {
192 DISC_MIXER_IS_RESISTOR,
193 {BZ_R25, BZ_R28, BZ_R26 + BZ_R20 / 4, BZ_R27},
194 {0, 0, 0, 0},
195 {0, 0, 0, 0},
196 0, BZ_R29,
197 0,
198 BZ_C20, /* The speakers are driven by a +/- signal, just using the cap is good enough */
199 0, 1
200 };
201
202
203 /************************************************************************
204 *
205 * Custom Battlezone filter
206 *
207 * .------. r2 c
208 * | O|-----+--ZZZZ--+-------||---------.
209 * | 4066 | | | |
210 * IN0 >--|c I|-. Z r1 | r5 |
211 * '------' | Z +------ZZZZ--------+
212 * | Z | |
213 * gnd | | |\ |
214 * gnd | | \ |
215 * '-----------|- \ |
216 * r3 | >--+----> Netlist Node
217 * IN1 >----ZZZZ----------------+-----------|+ /
218 * | | /
219 * Z r4 |/
220 * Z
221 * Z
222 * | VP = B+
223 * gnd
224 *
225 ************************************************************************/
226 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__IN0 DISCRETE_INPUT(0)
227 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__IN1 DISCRETE_INPUT(1)
228 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R1 DISCRETE_INPUT(2)
229 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R2 DISCRETE_INPUT(3)
230 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R3 DISCRETE_INPUT(4)
231 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R4 DISCRETE_INPUT(5)
232 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R5 DISCRETE_INPUT(6)
233 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__C DISCRETE_INPUT(7)
234 #define BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__VP DISCRETE_INPUT(8)
235
236 #define CD4066_R_ON 270
237
238 DISCRETE_CLASS_STEP_RESET(bzone_custom_filter, 1,
239 double m_v_in1_gain;
240 double m_v_p;
241 double m_exponent;
242 double m_gain[2];
243 double m_out_v;
244 );
245
DISCRETE_STEP(bzone_custom_filter)246 DISCRETE_STEP(bzone_custom_filter)
247 {
248 int in0 = (BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__IN0 == 0) ? 0 : 1;
249 double v;
250
251 if (BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__IN1 > 0)
252 v = 0;
253
254 v = BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__IN1 * m_v_in1_gain * m_gain[in0];
255 if (v > m_v_p) v = m_v_p;
256 if (v < 0) v = 0;
257
258 m_out_v += (v - m_out_v) * m_exponent;
259 set_output(0, m_out_v);
260 }
261
DISCRETE_RESET(bzone_custom_filter)262 DISCRETE_RESET(bzone_custom_filter)
263 {
264 m_gain[0] = BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R1 + BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R2;
265 m_gain[0] = BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R5 / m_gain[0] + 1;
266 m_gain[1] = RES_2_PARALLEL(CD4066_R_ON, BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R1) + BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R2;
267 m_gain[1] = BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R5 / m_gain[1] + 1;
268 m_v_in1_gain = RES_VOLTAGE_DIVIDER(BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R3, BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R4);
269 m_v_p = BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__VP - OP_AMP_VP_RAIL_OFFSET;
270 m_exponent = RC_CHARGE_EXP(BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__R5 * BZONE_CUSTOM_FILTER__C);
271 m_out_v = 0.0;
272 }
273
274 /*************************************
275 *
276 * Discrete Sound Blocks
277 *
278 *************************************/
279
280 static DISCRETE_SOUND_START(bzone_discrete)
281
282 /************************************************/
283 /* Input register mapping for Battlezone */
284 /************************************************/
DISCRETE_INPUT_DATA(BZ_INPUT)285 DISCRETE_INPUT_DATA(BZ_INPUT)
286 /* decode the bits */
287 DISCRETE_BITS_DECODE(NODE_10, BZ_INPUT, 0, 7, 1) /* IC M2, bits 0 - 7 */
288
289 /* the pot is 250K, but we will use a smaller range to get a better adjustment range */
290 DISCRETE_ADJUSTMENT(BZ_R11_POT, RES_K(75), RES_K(10), DISC_LINADJ, "R11")
291
292
293 /************************************************/
294 /* NOISE */
295 /************************************************/
296
297 /* 12Khz clock is divided by two by B4 74LS109 */
298 DISCRETE_LFSR_NOISE(BZ_NOISE, /* IC H4, pin 13 */
299 1, 1, BZ_NOISE_CLOCK / 2, 1.0, 0, 0.5, &bzone_lfsr)
300
301 /* divide by 2 */
302 DISCRETE_COUNTER(NODE_31, /* IC J5, pin 8 */
303 1, 0, BZ_NOISE, 0, 1, DISC_COUNT_UP, 0, DISC_CLK_ON_R_EDGE)
304
305 DISCRETE_BITS_DECODE(NODE_32, NODE_SUB(BZ_NOISE, 1), 11, 14, 1) /* IC H4, pins 6, 10, 11, 12 */
306 DISCRETE_LOGIC_NAND4(NODE_33, /* IC J4, pin 8 */
307 NODE_32_00, NODE_32_01, NODE_32_02, NODE_32_03) /* LSFR bits 11-14 */
308 /* divide by 2 */
309 DISCRETE_COUNTER(NODE_34, /* IC J5, pin 6 */
310 1, 0, NODE_33, 0, 1, DISC_COUNT_UP, 0, DISC_CLK_ON_R_EDGE)
311
312 /************************************************/
313 /* Shell */
314 /************************************************/
315 DISCRETE_RC_CIRCUIT_1(NODE_40, /* IC J3, pin 9 */
316 BZ_INP_SHELL, NODE_31, /* INP0, INP1 */
317 BZ_R14 + BZ_R15, BZ_C9)
318 DISCRETE_CUSTOM9(BZ_SHELL_SND, bzone_custom_filter, /* IC K5, pin 1 */
319 BZ_INP_EXPLOLS, NODE_40, /* IN0, IN1 */
320 BZ_R12, BZ_R13, BZ_R14, BZ_R15, BZ_R32,
321 BZ_C21,
322 22, /* B+ of op-amp */
323 nullptr)
324
325 /************************************************/
326 /* Explosion */
327 /************************************************/
328
329 DISCRETE_RC_CIRCUIT_1(NODE_50, /* IC J3, pin 3 */
330 BZ_INP_EXPLO, NODE_34, /* INP0, INP1 */
331 BZ_R17 + BZ_R16, BZ_C14)
332 DISCRETE_CUSTOM9(BZ_EXPLOSION_SND, bzone_custom_filter, /* IC K5, pin 1 */
333 BZ_INP_EXPLOLS, NODE_50, /* IN0, IN1 */
334 BZ_R19, BZ_R18, BZ_R17, BZ_R16, BZ_R33,
335 BZ_C22,
336 22, /* B+ of op-amp */
337 nullptr)
338 /************************************************/
339 /* Engine */
340 /************************************************/
341
342 DISCRETE_SWITCH(NODE_61, /* effect of IC L4, pin 2 */
343 1, BZ_INP_ENGREV, /* ENAB, SWITCH */
344 5.0 * RES_VOLTAGE_DIVIDER(BZ_R7, BZ_R6), /* INP0 */
345 5.0 * RES_VOLTAGE_DIVIDER(BZ_R7, RES_2_PARALLEL(CD4066_R_ON + BZ_R5, BZ_R6))) /* INP1 */
346 /* R5, R6, R7 all affect the following circuit charge discharge rates */
347 /* they are not emulated as their effect is less than the 5% component tolerance */
348 DISCRETE_RCDISC3(NODE_62, /* IC K5, pin 7 */
349 1, NODE_61, BZ_R8, BZ_R9, BZ_C13, -0.5)
350
351 DISCRETE_555_ASTABLE_CV(NODE_63, /* IC F3, pin 3 */
352 1, /* RESET */
353 BZ_R10, BZ_R11_POT, BZ_C11,
354 NODE_62, /* CV - IC F3, pin 5 */
355 &bzone_vco_desc)
356
357 DISCRETE_LOGIC_INVERT(NODE_64, BZ_INP_MOTEN)
358 DISCRETE_COUNTER(NODE_65, /* IC F4 */
359 1, NODE_64, NODE_63, /* ENAB, RESET, CLK */
360 4, 15, DISC_COUNT_UP, 0, DISC_CLK_ON_R_EDGE) /* MIN, MAX, DIR, INIT, CLKTYPE */
361 DISCRETE_TRANSFORM2(NODE_66, NODE_65, 7, "01>") /* QD - IC F4, pin 11 */
362 DISCRETE_TRANSFORM2(NODE_67, NODE_65, 15, "01=") /* Ripple - IC F4, pin 15 */
363
364 DISCRETE_COUNTER(NODE_68, /* IC F5 */
365 1, NODE_64, NODE_63, /* ENAB, RESET, CLK */
366 6, 15, DISC_COUNT_UP, 0, DISC_CLK_ON_R_EDGE) /* MIN, MAX, DIR, INIT, CLKTYPE */
367 DISCRETE_TRANSFORM2(NODE_69, NODE_68, 7, "01>") /* QD - IC F5, pin 11 */
368 DISCRETE_TRANSFORM2(NODE_70, NODE_68, 15, "01=") /* Ripple - IC F5, pin 15 */
369
370 DISCRETE_MIXER4(BZ_ENGINE_SND, 1, NODE_66, NODE_67, NODE_69, NODE_70, &bzone_eng_mixer_desc)
371
372 /************************************************/
373 /* FINAL MIX */
374 /************************************************/
375 /* We won't bother emulating the final gain of op-amp IC K5, pin 14.
376 * This signal never reaches a value where it clips, so we will
377 * just output the final 16-bit level.
378 */
379
380 /* Convert Pokey output to 5V Signal */
381 DISCRETE_INPUTX_STREAM(BZ_POKEY_SND, 0, 5.0 / 32768, 0)
382
383 DISCRETE_MIXER4(NODE_280,
384 BZ_INP_SOUNDEN,
385 BZ_SHELL_SND, BZ_EXPLOSION_SND, BZ_ENGINE_SND, BZ_POKEY_SND,
386 &bzone_final_mixer_desc)
387 DISCRETE_OUTPUT(NODE_280, 48000)
388
389 DISCRETE_SOUND_END
390
391 void bzone_state::bzone_sounds_w(uint8_t data)
392 {
393 m_discrete->write(BZ_INPUT, data);
394
395 m_startled = BIT(data, 6);
396 machine().sound().system_enable(data & 0x20);
397 }
398
bzone_audio(machine_config & config)399 void bzone_state::bzone_audio(machine_config &config)
400 {
401 SPEAKER(config, "mono").front_center();
402
403 pokey_device &pokey(POKEY(config, "pokey", BZONE_MASTER_CLOCK / 8));
404 pokey.allpot_r().set_ioport("IN3");
405 pokey.set_output_rc(RES_K(10), CAP_U(0.015), 5.0);
406 pokey.add_route(0, "discrete", 1.0, 0);
407
408 DISCRETE(config, "discrete", bzone_discrete).add_route(ALL_OUTPUTS, "mono", 1.0);
409 }
410