mame/video/konamigx.cpp

// license:BSD-3-Clause
// copyright-holders:R. Belmont, Acho A. Tang, Phil Stroffolino, Olivier Galibert
/*
 * video/konamigx.cpp - Konami GX video hardware (here there be dragons, and achocode)
 *
 */

#include "emu.h"
#include "video/k053250.h"
#include "includes/konamigx.h"


//#define GX_DEBUG
#define VERBOSE 0


static inline void set_color_555(palette_device &palette, pen_t color, int rshift, int gshift, int bshift, uint16_t data);


void konamigx_state::konamigx_precache_registers(void)
{
	// (see sprite color coding scheme on p.46 & 47)
	static const int coregmasks[5] = {0xf,0xe,0xc,0x8,0x0};
	static const int coregshifts[5]= {4,5,6,7,8};
	int i;

	i = m_k055673->k053247_read_register(0x8/2);
	m_k053247_vrcbk[0] = (i & 0x000f) << 14;
	m_k053247_vrcbk[1] = (i & 0x0f00) << 6;
	i = m_k055673->k053247_read_register(0xa/2);
	m_k053247_vrcbk[2] = (i & 0x000f) << 14;
	m_k053247_vrcbk[3] = (i & 0x0f00) << 6;

	// COREG == OBJSET2+1C == bit8-11 of OPSET ??? (see p.50 last table, needs p.49 to confirm)
	m_k053247_opset = m_k055673->k053247_read_register(0xc/2);

	i = m_k053247_opset & 7; if (i > 4) i = 4;

	m_k053247_coreg = m_k055673->k053247_read_register(0xc/2)>>8 & 0xf;
	m_k053247_coreg =(m_k053247_coreg & coregmasks[i]) << 12;

	m_k053247_coregshift = coregshifts[i];

	m_opri     = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_8);
	m_oinprion = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_OINPRI_ON);
	m_vcblk[0] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_A);
	m_vcblk[1] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_B);
	m_vcblk[2] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_C);
	m_vcblk[3] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_D);
	m_vcblk[4] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_SUB1);
	m_vcblk[5] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_SUB2);
	m_ocblk    = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PALBASE_OBJ);
	m_vinmix   = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_BLEND_ENABLES);
	m_vmixon   = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_VINMIX_ON);
	m_osinmix  = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_OSBLEND_ENABLES);
	m_osmixon  = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_OSBLEND_ON);
}

inline int konamigx_state::K053247GX_combine_c18(int attrib) // (see p.46)
{
	int c18;

	c18 = (attrib & 0xff)<<m_k053247_coregshift | m_k053247_coreg;

	if (m_gx_wrport2 & 4) c18 &= 0x3fff; else
	if (!(m_gx_wrport2 & 8)) c18 = (c18 & 0x3fff) | (attrib<<6 & 0xc000);

	return(c18);
}

inline int konamigx_state::K055555GX_decode_objcolor(int c18) // (see p.59 7.2.2)
{
	int ocb, opon;

	opon  = m_oinprion<<8 | 0xff;
	ocb   = (m_ocblk & 7) << 10;
	c18  &= opon;
	ocb  &=~opon;

	return((ocb | c18) >> m_k053247_coregshift);
}

inline int konamigx_state::K055555GX_decode_inpri(int c18) // (see p.59 7.2.2)
{
	int op = m_opri;

	c18 >>= 8;
	op   &= m_oinprion;
	c18  &=~m_oinprion;

	return(c18 | op);
}

K055673_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::type2_sprite_callback)
{
	int num = *code;
	int c18 = *color;

	*code = m_k053247_vrcbk[num>>14] | (num & 0x3fff);
	c18 = K053247GX_combine_c18(c18);
	*color = K055555GX_decode_objcolor(c18);
	*priority_mask = K055555GX_decode_inpri(c18);
}

K055673_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::dragoonj_sprite_callback)
{
	int num, op, pri, c18;

	num = *code;
	*code = m_k053247_vrcbk[num>>14] | (num & 0x3fff);

	c18  = pri = *color;
	op   = m_opri;
	pri  = (pri & 0x200) ? 4 : pri>>4 & 0xf;
	op  &= m_oinprion;
	pri &=~m_oinprion;
	*priority_mask = pri | op;

	c18 = K053247GX_combine_c18(c18);
	*color = K055555GX_decode_objcolor(c18);
}

K055673_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::salmndr2_sprite_callback)
{
	int num, op, pri, c18;

	num = *code;
	*code = m_k053247_vrcbk[num>>14] | (num & 0x3fff);

	c18  = pri = *color;
	op   = m_opri;
	pri  = pri>>4 & 0x3f;
	op  &= m_oinprion;
	pri &=~m_oinprion;
	*priority_mask = pri | op;

	c18 = K053247GX_combine_c18(c18);
	*color = K055555GX_decode_objcolor(c18);
}

K055673_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::le2_sprite_callback)
{
	int num, op, pri;

	num = *code;
	*code = m_k053247_vrcbk[num>>14] | (num & 0x3fff);

	pri = *color;
	*color &= 0x1f;

	op   = m_opri;
	pri &= 0xf0;
	op  &= m_oinprion;
	pri &=~m_oinprion;
	*priority_mask = pri | op;
}

int konamigx_state::K055555GX_decode_vmixcolor(int layer, int *color) // (see p.62 7.2.6 and p.27 3.3)
{
	int vcb, shift, pal, vmx, von, pl45, emx;

	vcb    =  m_vcblk[layer]<<6;
	shift  =  layer<<1;
	pal    =  *color;
	vmx    =  m_vinmix>>shift & 3;
	von    =  m_vmixon>>shift & 3;
	emx    =  pl45 = pal>>4 & 3;
	pal   &=  0xf;
	pl45  &=  von;
	vmx   &=  von;
	pl45 <<=  4;
	emx   &= ~von;
	pal   |=  pl45;
	emx   |=  vmx;
	pal   |=  vcb;

	//if (m_gx_le2_textcolour_hack)
	//  if (layer==0)
	//      pal |= 0x1c0;

	if (von == 3) emx = -1; // invalidate external mix code if all bits are from internal
	*color =  pal;

	return(emx);
}

#ifdef UNUSED_FUNCTION
int K055555GX_decode_osmixcolor(int layer, int *color) // (see p.63, p.49-50 and p.27 3.3)
{
	int scb, shift, pal, osmx, oson, pl45, emx;

	shift  =  layer<<1;
	pal    =  *color;
	osmx   =  m_osinmix>>shift & 3;
	oson   =  m_osmixon>>shift & 3;

	if (layer)
	{
		// layer 1-3 are external tile layers
		scb    =  m_vcblk[layer+3]<<6;
		emx    =  pl45 = pal>>4 & 3;
		pal   &=  0xf;
		pl45  &=  oson;
		osmx  &=  oson;
		pl45 <<=  4;
		emx   &= ~oson;
		pal   |=  pl45;
		emx   |=  osmx;
		pal   |=  scb;

		if (oson == 3) emx = -1; // invalidate external mix code if all bits are from internal
		*color =  pal;
	}
	else
	{
		// layer 0 is the sprite layer with different attributes decode; detail on p.49 (missing)
		emx   = 0; // k053247_read_register(??)>>? & 3;
		osmx &= oson;
		emx  &=~oson;
		emx  |= osmx;
	}

	return(emx);
}
#endif

void konamigx_state::wipezbuf(int noshadow)
{
	const rectangle &visarea = m_screen->visible_area();

	int w = visarea.width();
	int h = visarea.height();

	uint8_t *zptr = m_gx_objzbuf;
	int ecx = h;

	do { memset(zptr, -1, w); zptr += GX_ZBUFW; } while (--ecx);

	if (!noshadow)
	{
		zptr = m_gx_shdzbuf.get();
		w <<= 1;
		ecx = h;
		do { memset(zptr, -1, w); zptr += (GX_ZBUFW<<1); } while (--ecx);
	}
}

/*
 * Sprite Format
 * ------------------
 *
 * Word | Bit(s)           | Use
 * -----+-fedcba9876543210-+----------------
 *   0  | x--------------- | active (show this sprite)
 *   0  | -x-------------- | maintain aspect ratio (when set, zoom y acts on both axis)
 *   0  | --x------------- | flip y
 *   0  | ---x------------ | flip x
 *   0  | ----xxxx-------- | sprite size (see below)
 *   0  | --------xxxxxxxx | zcode
 *   1  | xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | sprite code
 *   2  | ------xxxxxxxxxx | y position
 *   3  | ------xxxxxxxxxx | x position
 *   4  | xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | zoom y (0x40 = normal, <0x40 = enlarge, >0x40 = reduce)
 *   5  | xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | zoom x (0x40 = normal, <0x40 = enlarge, >0x40 = reduce)
 *   6  | x--------------- | mirror y (top half is drawn as mirror image of the bottom)
 *   6  | -x-------------- | mirror x (right half is drawn as mirror image of the left)
 *   6  | --xx------------ | reserved (sprites with these two bits set don't seem to be graphics data at all)
 *   6  | ----xx---------- | shadow code: 0=off, 0x400=preset1, 0x800=preset2, 0xc00=preset3
 *   6  | ------xx-------- | effect code: flicker, upper palette, full shadow...etc. (game dependent)
 *   6  | --------xxxxxxxx | "color", but depends on external connections (implies priority)
 *   7  | xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx | game dependent
 *
 * shadow enables transparent shadows. Note that it applies to the last sprite pen ONLY.
 * The rest of the sprite remains normal.
 */
#define GX_MAX_SPRITES 512*2
#define GX_MAX_LAYERS  6
#define GX_MAX_OBJECTS (GX_MAX_SPRITES + GX_MAX_LAYERS)

static struct GX_OBJ { int order, offs, code, color; } *gx_objpool;

void konamigx_state::konamigx_mixer_init(screen_device &screen, int objdma)
{
	m_gx_objdma = 0;
	m_gx_primode = 0;

	m_gx_objzbuf = &screen.priority().pix(0);
	m_gx_shdzbuf = std::make_unique<uint8_t[]>(GX_ZBUFSIZE);
	gx_objpool = auto_alloc_array(machine(), struct GX_OBJ, GX_MAX_OBJECTS);

	m_k054338->export_config(&m_K054338_shdRGB);

	if (objdma)
	{
		m_gx_spriteram = auto_alloc_array(machine(), uint16_t, 0x2000/2);
		m_gx_objdma = 1;
	}
	else
		m_k055673->k053247_get_ram(&m_gx_spriteram);

	m_palette->set_shadow_dRGB32(3,-80,-80,-80, 0);
	m_k054338->invert_alpha(1);
}

void konamigx_state::konamigx_mixer_primode(int mode)
{
	m_gx_primode = mode;
}

void konamigx_state::konamigx_objdma(void)
{
	uint16_t* k053247_ram;
	m_k055673->k053247_get_ram(&k053247_ram);

	if (m_gx_objdma && m_gx_spriteram && k053247_ram) memcpy(m_gx_spriteram, k053247_ram, 0x1000);
}

void konamigx_state::konamigx_mixer(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect,
					tilemap_t *sub1, int sub1flags,
					tilemap_t *sub2, int sub2flags,
					int mixerflags, bitmap_ind16 *extra_bitmap, int rushingheroes_hack)
{
	int objbuf[GX_MAX_OBJECTS];
	int shadowon[3], shdpri[3], layerid[6], layerpri[6];

	struct GX_OBJ *objpool, *objptr;
	int cltc_shdpri, /*prflp,*/ disp;

	// buffer can move when it's resized, so refresh the pointer
	m_gx_objzbuf = &screen.priority().pix(0);

	// abort if object database failed to initialize
	objpool = gx_objpool;
	if (!objpool) return;

	// clear screen with backcolor and update flicker pulse
	if (m_gx_wrport1_0 & 0x20)
		m_k054338->fill_backcolor(bitmap,
									cliprect,
									m_palette->pens() + (m_k055555->K055555_read_register(0) << 9),
									m_k055555->K055555_read_register(1));
	else
		m_k054338->fill_solid_bg(bitmap, cliprect);

	// abort if video has been disabled
	disp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_INPUT_ENABLES);
	if (!disp) return;
	cltc_shdpri = m_k054338->register_r(K338_REG_CONTROL);


	if (!rushingheroes_hack) // Slam Dunk 2 never sets this.  It's either part of the protection, or type4 doesn't use it
	{
		if (!(cltc_shdpri & K338_CTL_KILL)) return;
	}


	// demote shadows by one layer when this bit is set??? (see p.73 8.6)
	cltc_shdpri &= K338_CTL_SHDPRI;

	// wipe z-buffer
	if (mixerflags & GXMIX_NOZBUF)
		mixerflags |= GXMIX_NOSHADOW;
	else
		wipezbuf(mixerflags & GXMIX_NOSHADOW);

	// cache global parameters
	konamigx_precache_registers();

	// init OBJSET2 and mixer parameters (see p.51 and chapter 7)
	layerid[0] = 0; layerid[1] = 1; layerid[2] = 2; layerid[3] = 3; layerid[4] = 4; layerid[5] = 5;


	// invert layer priority when this flag is set (not used by any GX game?)
	//prflp = K055555_read_register(K55_CONTROL) & K55_CTL_FLIPPRI;

	layerpri[0] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_0);
	layerpri[1] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_3);
	layerpri[3] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_7);
	layerpri[4] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_9);
	layerpri[5] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_10);

	int shdprisel;

	if (m_gx_primode == -1)
	{
		// Lethal Enforcer hack (requires pixel color comparison)
		layerpri[2] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_3) + 0x20;
		shdprisel = 0x3f;
	}
	else
	{
		layerpri[2] = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_PRIINP_6);
		shdprisel = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_SHD_PRI_SEL);
	}

	// SHDPRISEL filters shadows by different priority comparison methods (UNIMPLEMENTED, see detail on p.66)
	if (!(shdprisel & 0x03)) shadowon[0] = 0;
	if (!(shdprisel & 0x0c)) shadowon[1] = 0;
	if (!(shdprisel & 0x30)) shadowon[2] = 0;

	shdpri[0]   = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_SHAD1_PRI);
	shdpri[1]   = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_SHAD2_PRI);
	shdpri[2]   = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_SHAD3_PRI);

	int spri_min = 0;

	shadowon[2] = shadowon[1] = shadowon[0] = 0;

	int k = 0;
	if (!(mixerflags & GXMIX_NOSHADOW))
	{
		int i,j;
		// only enable shadows beyond a +/-7 RGB threshold
		for (j=0,i=0; i<3; j+=3,i++)
		{
			k = m_K054338_shdRGB[j  ]; if (k < -7 || k > 7) { shadowon[i] = 1; continue; }
			k = m_K054338_shdRGB[j+1]; if (k < -7 || k > 7) { shadowon[i] = 1; continue; }
			k = m_K054338_shdRGB[j+2]; if (k < -7 || k > 7) { shadowon[i] = 1; }
		}

		// SHDON specifies layers on which shadows can be projected (see detail on p.65 7.2.8)
		int temp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_SHD_ON);
		for (i=0; i<4; i++) if (!(temp>>i & 1) && spri_min < layerpri[i]) spri_min = layerpri[i]; // HACK

		// update shadows status
		m_k054338->update_all_shadows(rushingheroes_hack, *m_palette);
	}

	// pre-sort layers
	for (int j=0; j<5; j++)
	{
		int temp1 = layerpri[j];
		for (int i=j+1; i<6; i++)
		{
			int temp2 = layerpri[i];
			if ((uint32_t)temp1 <= (uint32_t)temp2)
			{
				layerpri[i] = temp1; layerpri[j] = temp1 = temp2;
				temp2 = layerid[i]; layerid[i] = layerid[j]; layerid[j] = temp2;
			}
		}
	}

	// build object database and create indices
	objptr = objpool;
	int nobj = 0;

	for (int i=5; i>=0; i--)
	{
		int offs;

		int code = layerid[i];
		switch (code)
		{
			/*
			    Background layers are represented by negative offset values as follow:

			    0+ : normal sprites
			    -1 : tile layer A - D
			    -2 : K053936 ROZ+ layer 1
			    -3 : K053936 ROZ+ layer 2
			    -4 : K053250 LVC layer 1
			    -5 : K053250 LVC layer 2
			*/
			case 4 :
				offs = -128;
				if (sub1flags & 0xf) { if (sub1flags & GXSUB_K053250) offs = -4; else if (sub1) offs = -2; }
			break;
			case 5 :
				offs = -128;
				if (sub2flags & 0xf) { if (sub2flags & GXSUB_K053250) offs = -5; else if (sub2) offs = -3; }
				if (extra_bitmap) offs = -3;
			break;
			default: offs = -1;
		}

		if (offs != -128)
		{
			objptr->order = layerpri[i]<<24;
			objptr->code  = code;
			objptr->offs = offs;
			objptr++;

			objbuf[nobj] = nobj;
			nobj++;
		}
	}

//  i = j = 0xff;
	int l = 0;

	u32 start_addr = m_type3_spriteram_bank ? 0x800 : 0;
	u32 end_addr = start_addr + 0x800;


	for (int offs=start_addr; offs<end_addr; offs+=8)
	{
		int pri = 0;

		if (!(m_gx_spriteram[offs] & 0x8000)) continue;

		int zcode = m_gx_spriteram[offs] & 0xff;

		// invert z-order when opset_pri is set (see p.51 OPSET PRI)
		if (m_k053247_opset & 0x10) zcode = 0xff - zcode;

		int code  = m_gx_spriteram[offs+1];
		int color = k = m_gx_spriteram[offs+6];
		l     = m_gx_spriteram[offs+7];

		m_k055673->m_k053247_cb(&code, &color, &pri);

		/*
		    shadow = shadow code
		    spri   = shadow priority
		    temp1  = add solid object
		    temp2  = solid pens draw mode
		    temp3  = add shadow object
		    temp4  = shadow pens draw mode
		*/
		int temp4 = 0;
		int temp3 = 0;
		int temp2 = 0;
		int temp1 = 0;
		int spri = 0;
		int shadow = 0;

		if (color & K055555_FULLSHADOW)
		{
			shadow = 3; // use default intensity and color
			spri = pri; // retain host priority
			temp3 = 1; // add shadow
			temp4 = 5; // draw full shadow
		}
		else
		{
			shadow = k>>10 & 3;
			if (shadow) // object has shadow?
			{
				int k053246_objset1 = m_k055673->k053246_read_register(5);
				if (shadow != 1 || k053246_objset1 & 0x20)
				{
					shadow--;
					temp1 = 1; // add solid
					temp2 = 1; // draw partial solid
					if (shadowon[shadow])
					{
						temp3 = 1; // add shadow
						temp4 = 4; // draw partial shadow
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// drop the entire sprite to shadow if its shadow code is 1 and SD0EN is off (see p.48)
					shadow = 0;
					if (!shadowon[0]) continue;
					temp3 = 1; // add shadow
					temp4 = 5; // draw full shadow
				}
			}
			else
			{
				temp1 = 1; // add solid
				temp2 = 0; // draw full solid
			}

			if (temp1)
			{
				// tag sprite for alpha blending
				if (color>>K055555_MIXSHIFT & 3) temp2 |= 2;
			}

			if (temp3)
			{
				// determine shadow priority
				spri = (m_k053247_opset & 0x20) ? pri : shdpri[shadow]; // (see p.51 OPSET SDSEL)
			}
		}

		switch (m_gx_primode & 0xf)
		{
			// Dadandarn zcode suppression
			case  1:
				zcode = 0;
			break;

			// Daisukiss bad shadow filter
			case  4:
				if (k & 0x3000 || k == 0x0800) continue;

			// Tokkae shadow masking (INACCURATE)
			case  5:
				if (spri < spri_min) spri = spri_min;
			break;
		}

		/*
		    default sort order:
		    fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210
		    xxxxxxxx------------------------ (priority)
		    --------xxxxxxxx---------------- (zcode)
		    ----------------xxxxxxxx-------- (offset)
		    ------------------------xxxx---- (shadow mode)
		    ----------------------------xxxx (shadow code)
		*/
		if (temp1)
		{
			// add objects with solid or alpha pens
			int order = pri<<24 | zcode<<16 | offs<<(8-3) | temp2<<4;
			objptr->order = order;
			objptr->offs  = offs;
			objptr->code  = code;
			objptr->color = color;
			objptr++;

			objbuf[nobj] = nobj;
			nobj++;
		}

		if (temp3 && !(color & K055555_SKIPSHADOW) && !(mixerflags & GXMIX_NOSHADOW))
		{
			// add objects with shadows if enabled
			int order = spri<<24 | zcode<<16 | offs<<(8-3) | temp4<<4 | shadow;
			objptr->order = order;
			objptr->offs  = offs;
			objptr->code  = code;
			objptr->color = color;
			objptr++;

			objbuf[nobj] = nobj;
			nobj++;
		}
	}

	// sort objects in decending order (SLOW)
	k = nobj;
	l = nobj - 1;

	for (int j=0; j<l; j++)
	{
		int temp1 = objbuf[j];
		int temp2 = objpool[temp1].order;
		for (int i=j+1; i<k; i++)
		{
			int temp3 = objbuf[i];
			int temp4 = objpool[temp3].order;
			if ((uint32_t)temp2 <= (uint32_t)temp4) { temp2 = temp4; objbuf[i] = temp1; objbuf[j] = temp1 = temp3; }
		}
	}


	konamigx_mixer_draw(screen,bitmap,cliprect,sub1,sub1flags,sub2,sub2flags,mixerflags,extra_bitmap,rushingheroes_hack,
		objpool,
		objbuf,
		nobj
		);
}

void konamigx_state::gx_draw_basic_tilemaps(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect, int mixerflags, int code)
{
	int temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4;
	int i = code<<1;
	int j = mixerflags>>i & 3;
	int k = 0;

	int disp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_INPUT_ENABLES);
	if (disp & (1<<code))
	{
		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_NONE)  { temp1 = 0xff; temp2 = temp3 = 0; } else
		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_FORCE) { temp1 = 0x00; temp2 = mixerflags>>(i+16); temp3 = 3; }
		else
		{
			temp1 = m_vinmix;
			temp2 = m_vinmix>>i & 3;
			temp3 = m_vmixon>>i & 3;
		}

		/* blend layer only when:
		    1) m_vinmix != 0xff
		    2) its internal mix code is set
		    3) all mix code bits are internal(overridden until tile blending has been implemented)
		    4) 0 > alpha < 255;
		*/
		if (temp1!=0xff && temp2 /*&& temp3==3*/)
		{
			temp4 = m_k054338->set_alpha_level(temp2);

			if (temp4 <= 0) return;
			if (temp4 < 255) k = TILEMAP_DRAW_ALPHA(temp4);
		}

		if (mixerflags & 1<<(code+12)) k |= K056382_DRAW_FLAG_FORCE_XYSCROLL;

		m_k056832->m_tilemap_draw(screen, bitmap, cliprect, code, k, 0);
	}
}

void konamigx_state::gx_draw_basic_extended_tilemaps_1(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect, int mixerflags, int code, tilemap_t *sub1, int sub1flags, int rushingheroes_hack, int offs)
{
	int temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4;
	int i = code<<1;
	int j = mixerflags>>i & 3;
	int k = 0;

	int disp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_INPUT_ENABLES);
	if ((disp & K55_INP_SUB1) || (rushingheroes_hack))
	{
		int alpha = 255;

		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_NONE)  { temp1 = 0xff; temp2 = temp3 = 0; } else
		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_FORCE) { temp1 = 0x00; temp2 = mixerflags>>24; temp3 = 3; }
		else
		{
			temp1 = m_osinmix;
			temp2 = m_osinmix>>2 & 3;
			temp3 = m_osmixon>>2 & 3;
		}

		if (temp1!=0xff && temp2 /*&& temp3==3*/)
		{
			alpha = temp4 = m_k054338->set_alpha_level(temp2);

			if (temp4 <= 0) return;
			if (temp4 < 255) k = 1;
		}

		int l = sub1flags & 0xf;

		if (offs == -2)
		{
			int pixeldouble_output = 0;
			const rectangle &visarea = screen.visible_area();
			int width = visarea.width();

			if (width>512) // vsnetscr case
				pixeldouble_output = 1;

			K053936GP_0_zoom_draw(machine(), bitmap, cliprect, sub1, l, k, alpha, pixeldouble_output, m_k053936_0_ctrl_16, m_k053936_0_linectrl_16, m_k053936_0_ctrl, m_k053936_0_linectrl, *m_palette);
		}
		else
		{
			m_k053250_1->draw(bitmap, cliprect, m_vcblk[4]<<l, 0, screen.priority(), 0);
		}
	}
}

void konamigx_state::gx_draw_basic_extended_tilemaps_2(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect, int mixerflags, int code, tilemap_t *sub2, int sub2flags, bitmap_ind16 *extra_bitmap, int offs)
{
	int temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4;
	int i = code<<1;
	int j = mixerflags>>i & 3;

	int disp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_INPUT_ENABLES);
	if (disp & K55_INP_SUB2)
	{
		//int alpha = 255;
		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_NONE)  { temp1 = 0xff; temp2 = temp3 = 0; } else
		if (j == GXMIX_BLEND_FORCE) { temp1 = 0x00; temp2 = mixerflags>>26; temp3 = 3; }
		else
		{
			temp1 = m_osinmix;
			temp2 = m_osinmix>>4 & 3;
			temp3 = m_osmixon>>4 & 3;
		}

		if (temp1!=0xff && temp2 /*&& temp3==3*/)
		{
			//alpha =
			temp4 = m_k054338->set_alpha_level(temp2);

			if (temp4 <= 0) return;
			//if (temp4 < 255) k = 1;
		}

		int l = sub2flags & 0xf;

		if (offs == -3)
		{
			if (extra_bitmap) // soccer superstars roz layer
			{
				int width = screen.width();
				int height = screen.height();
				pen_t const *const paldata = m_palette->pens();

				// the output size of the roz layer has to be doubled horizontally
				// so that it aligns with the sprites and normal tilemaps.  This appears
				// to be done as a post-processing / mixing step effect
				//
				// - todo, use the pixeldouble_output I just added for vsnet instead?
				for (int yy=0;yy<height;yy++)
				{
					uint16_t const *const src = &extra_bitmap->pix(yy);
					uint32_t *const dst = &bitmap.pix(yy);
					int shiftpos = 0;
					for (int xx=0;xx<width;xx+=2)
					{
						uint16_t dat = src[(((xx/2)+shiftpos))%width];
						if (dat&0xff)
							dst[xx+1] = dst[xx] = paldata[dat];
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
			//  int pixeldouble_output = 0;
			//  K053936GP_1_zoom_draw(machine, bitmap, cliprect, sub2, l, k, alpha, pixeldouble_output);
			}
		}
		else
			m_k053250_2->draw(bitmap, cliprect, m_vcblk[5]<<l, 0, screen.priority(), 0);
	}
}

void konamigx_state::konamigx_mixer_draw(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect,
					tilemap_t *sub1, int sub1flags,
					tilemap_t *sub2, int sub2flags,
					int mixerflags, bitmap_ind16 *extra_bitmap, int rushingheroes_hack,

					/* passed from above function */
					struct GX_OBJ *objpool,
					int *objbuf,
					int nobj
					)
{
	// traverse draw list
	int disp = m_k055555->K055555_read_register(K55_INPUT_ENABLES);

	for (int count=0; count<nobj; count++)
	{
		struct GX_OBJ *objptr = objpool + objbuf[count];
		int order  = objptr->order;
		int offs   = objptr->offs;
		int code   = objptr->code;
		int color  = objptr->color;

		/* entries >=0 in our list are sprites */
		if (offs >= 0)
		{
			if (!(disp & K55_INP_OBJ)) continue;

			int drawmode = order>>4 & 0xf;

			int alpha = 255;
			int pri = 0;
			int zcode = -1; // negative zcode values turn off z-buffering

			if (drawmode & 2)
			{
				alpha = color>>K055555_MIXSHIFT & 3;
				if (alpha) alpha = m_k054338->set_alpha_level(alpha);
				if (alpha <= 0) continue;
			}
			color &= K055555_COLORMASK;

			if (drawmode >= 4) m_palette->set_shadow_mode(order & 0x0f);

			if (!(mixerflags & GXMIX_NOZBUF))
			{
				zcode = order>>16 & 0xff;
				pri = order>>24 & 0xff;
			}


			m_k055673->k053247_draw_single_sprite_gxcore(bitmap, cliprect,
				m_gx_objzbuf, m_gx_shdzbuf.get(), code, m_gx_spriteram, offs,
				color, alpha, drawmode, zcode, pri,
				/* non-gx only */
				0,0,nullptr,nullptr,0
				);
		}
		/* the rest are tilemaps of various kinda */
		else
		{
			switch (offs)
			{
				case -1:
					gx_draw_basic_tilemaps(screen, bitmap, cliprect, mixerflags, code);
					continue;
				case -2:
				case -4:
					gx_draw_basic_extended_tilemaps_1(screen, bitmap, cliprect, mixerflags, code, sub1, sub1flags, rushingheroes_hack, offs);
				continue;
				case -3:
				case -5:
					gx_draw_basic_extended_tilemaps_2(screen, bitmap, cliprect, mixerflags, code, sub2, sub2flags, extra_bitmap, offs);
				continue;
			}
			continue;
		}


	}
}


/* Run and Gun 2 / Rushing Heroes */
TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac_tile_info)
{
	int tileno, colour, col, flip = 0;
	if (tile_index&1)
	{
		tileno = m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x00001fff;
		col    =(m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x00002000)>>13;
		if      (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x00004000) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;
		if      (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x00008000) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;

	}
	else
	{
		tileno = (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x1fff0000)>>16;
		col    = (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x20000000)>>29;
		if       (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x40000000) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;
		if       (m_psacram[tile_index/2] & 0x80000000) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;

	}

	colour = (m_psac_colorbase << 4) + col;

	tileinfo.set(0, tileno, colour, TILE_FLIPYX(flip));
}


void konamigx_state::type3_bank_w(offs_t offset, uint8_t data)
{
	// other bits are used for something...

	if (offset == 0)
	{
		m_type3_psac2_bank = (data & 0x10) >> 4;
		// swap sprite display bank for left/right screens
		// bit 6 works for soccerss, doesn't for type4 (where they never enable it)
		// so the best candidate is bit 0
		//m_type3_spriteram_bank = (data & 0x40) >> 6;
		m_type3_spriteram_bank = (data & 0x01);
	}
	else
		logerror("Write to type3 bank %02x address %02x\n",offset, data);

	/* handle this by creating 2 roz tilemaps instead, otherwise performance dies completely on dual screen mode
	if (m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_bank!=m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_last_bank)
	{
	    m_gx_psac_tilemap->mark_all_dirty();
	    m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_last_bank = m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_bank;
	}
	*/
}


/* Soccer Superstars (tile and flip bits now TRUSTED) */
TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac3_tile_info)
{
	int tileno, colour, flip;
	uint8_t *tmap = memregion("gfx4")->base();

	int base_index = tile_index;

//  if (m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_bank)
//      base_index+=0x20000/2;


	tileno =  tmap[base_index*2] | ((tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x0f)<<8);
	colour = (tmap[(base_index*2)+1]&0xc0)>>6;

	flip = 0;
	if (tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x20) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;
	if (tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x10) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;

	tileinfo.set(0, tileno, colour, flip);
}

TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac3_alt_tile_info)
{
	int tileno, colour, flip;
	uint8_t *tmap = memregion("gfx4")->base()+0x20000;

	int base_index = tile_index;

//  if (m_konamigx_type3_psac2_actual_bank)
//      base_index+=0x20000/2;


	tileno =  tmap[base_index*2] | ((tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x0f)<<8);
	colour = (tmap[(base_index*2)+1]&0xc0)>>6;

	flip = 0;
	if (tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x20) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;
	if (tmap[(base_index*2)+1] & 0x10) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;

	tileinfo.set(0, tileno, colour, flip);
}


/* PSAC4 */
/* these tilemaps are weird in both format and content, one of them
   doesn't really look like it should be displayed? - it's height data */
TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1a_tile_info)
{
	int tileno, colour, flipx,flipy;
	int flip;
	flip=0;
	colour = 0;

	tileno = (m_psacram[tile_index*2] & 0x00003fff)>>0;

	// scanrows
	//flipx  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00800000)>>23;
	//flipy  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00400000)>>22;
	// scancols
	flipy  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00800000)>>23;
	flipx  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00400000)>>22;

	if (flipx) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;
	if (flipy) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;

	tileinfo.set(1, tileno, colour, flip);
}

TILE_GET_INFO_MEMBER(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1b_tile_info)
{
	int tileno, colour, flipx,flipy;
	int flip;
	flip=0;

	colour = 0;
	tileno = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00003fff)>>0;

	// scanrows
	//flipx  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00800000)>>23;
	//flipy  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00400000)>>22;
	// scancols
	flipy  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00200000)>>21;
	flipx  = (m_psacram[tile_index*2+1] & 0x00100000)>>20;

	if (flipx) flip |= TILE_FLIPX;
	if (flipy) flip |= TILE_FLIPY;

	tileinfo.set(0, tileno, colour, flip);
}

K056832_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::type2_tile_callback)
{
	int d = *code;

	*code = (m_gx_tilebanks[(d & 0xe000)>>13]<<13) + (d & 0x1fff);
	K055555GX_decode_vmixcolor(layer, color);
}

K056832_CB_MEMBER(konamigx_state::alpha_tile_callback)
{
	int mixcode;
	int d = *code;

	mixcode = K055555GX_decode_vmixcolor(layer, color);

	if (mixcode < 0)
		*code = (m_gx_tilebanks[(d & 0xe000)>>13]<<13) + (d & 0x1fff);
	else
	{
		/* save mixcode and mark tile alpha (unimplemented) */
		// Daisu-Kiss stage presentation
		// Sexy Parodius level 3b
		*code =  (m_gx_tilebanks[(d & 0xe000)>>13]<<13) + (d & 0x1fff);

		if (VERBOSE)
			popmessage("skipped alpha tile(layer=%d mix=%d)", layer, mixcode);
	}
}

/*
> bits 8-13 are the low priority bits
> i.e. pri 0-5
> pri 6-7 can be either 1, bits 14,15 or bits 16,17
> contro.bit 2 being 0 forces the 1
> when control.bit 2 is 1, control.bit 3 selects between the two
> 0 selects 16,17
> that gives you the entire 8 bits of the sprite priority
> ok, lemme see if I've got this.  bit2 = 0 means the top bits are 11, bit2=1 means the top bits are bits 14/15 (of the whatever word?) else
+16+17?
> bit3=1 for the second

 *   6  | ---------xxxxxxx | "color", but depends on external connections


> there are 8 color lines entering the 5x5
> that means the palette is 4 bits, not 5 as you currently have
> the bits 4-9 are the low priority bits
> bits 10/11 or 12/13 are the two high priority bits, depending on the control word
> and bits 14/15 are the shadow bits
> mix0/1 and brit0/1 come from elsewhere
> they come from the '673 all right, but not from word 6
> and in fact the top address bits are highly suspect
> only 18 of the address bits go to the roms
> the next 2 go to cai0/1 and the next 4 to bk0-3
> (the '246 indexes the roms, the '673 reads the result)
> the roms are 64 bits wide
> so, well, the top bits of the code are suspicious
*/

void konamigx_state::common_init()
{
	konamigx_mixer_init(*m_screen, 0);

	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		m_gx_tilebanks[i] = m_gx_oldbanks[i] = 0;
	}

	save_pointer(NAME(m_gx_spriteram), 0x800);
	save_item(NAME(m_gx_tilebanks));
	save_item(NAME(m_k053247_vrcbk));
	save_item(NAME(m_k053247_coreg));
	save_item(NAME(m_k053247_coregshift));
	save_item(NAME(m_k053247_opset));
	save_item(NAME(m_opri));
	save_item(NAME(m_oinprion));
	save_item(NAME(m_vcblk));
	save_item(NAME(m_ocblk));
	save_item(NAME(m_vinmix));
	save_item(NAME(m_vmixon));
	save_item(NAME(m_osinmix));
	save_item(NAME(m_osmixon));

	m_gx_tilemode = 0;

	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 0;
	m_gx_rushingheroes_hack = 0;

	// Documented relative offsets of non-flipped games are (-2, 0, 2, 3),(0, 0, 0, 0).
	// (+ve values move layers to the right and -ve values move layers to the left)
	// In most cases only a constant is needed to add to the X offsets to yield correct
	// displacement. This should be done by the CCU but the CRT timings have not been
	// figured out.
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0, -2, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  0, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  2, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  3, 0);

	m_konamigx_has_dual_screen = 0;
	m_konamigx_current_frame = 0;
}


VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_5bpp)
{
	common_init();

	if (!strcmp(machine().system().name,"tbyahhoo"))
		m_gx_tilemode = 1;
	else if (!strcmp(machine().system().name,"crzcross") || !strcmp(machine().system().name,"puzldama"))
		konamigx_mixer_primode(5);
	else if (!strcmp(machine().system().name,"daiskiss"))
		konamigx_mixer_primode(4);
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, dragoonj)
{
	common_init();

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0, -2+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  0+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  2+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  3+1, 0);
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, le2)
{
	common_init();

	konamigx_mixer_primode(-1); // swapped layer B and C priorities?
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_6bpp)
{
	common_init();
	konamigx_mixer_primode(5);
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_type3)
{
	int width = m_screen->width();
	int height = m_screen->height();

	m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);
	m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);

	common_init();

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac3_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS,  16, 16, 256, 256);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap_alt = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac3_alt_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS,  16, 16, 256, 256);

	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 2;


	/* set up tile layers */
	m_type3_roz_temp_bitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_ind16>(width, height);


	//m_gx_psac_tilemap->set_flip(TILEMAP_FLIPX| TILEMAP_FLIPY);

	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 1);
//  K053936GP_set_offset(0, -30, -1);
	K053936_set_offset(0, -30, +1);

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0,  -52, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  -48, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  -48, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  -48, 0);

	m_konamigx_has_dual_screen = 1;
	m_konamigx_palformat = 1;
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_type4)
{
	int width = m_screen->width();
	int height = m_screen->height();

	m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);
	m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);

	common_init();

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS,  16, 16, 128, 128);
	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 3;

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0,  -27, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  -25, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  -24, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  -22, 0);

	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 0);
	K053936GP_set_offset(0, -36, 1);

	m_gx_rushingheroes_hack = 1;
	m_konamigx_has_dual_screen = 1;
	m_konamigx_palformat = 0;

}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_type4_vsn)
{
	int width = m_screen->width();
	int height = m_screen->height();

	m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);
	m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);

	common_init();

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS,  16, 16, 128, 128);
	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 3;

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0,  -52, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  -48, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  -48, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  -48, 0);

	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 1); // wraparound doesn't work properly with the custom drawing function anyway, see the crowd in vsnet and rushhero
	K053936GP_set_offset(0, -30, 0);

	m_gx_rushingheroes_hack = 1;
	m_konamigx_has_dual_screen = 1;
	m_konamigx_palformat = 0;
}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, konamigx_type4_sd2)
{
	int width = m_screen->width();
	int height = m_screen->height();

	m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);
	m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap = std::make_unique<bitmap_rgb32>( width, height);

	common_init();

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS,  16, 16, 128, 128);
	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 3;


	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0,  -29, -1);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  -27, -1);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  -26, -1);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  -24, -1);


	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 0);
	K053936GP_set_offset(0, -36, -1);

	m_gx_rushingheroes_hack = 1;
	m_konamigx_has_dual_screen = 1;
	m_konamigx_palformat = 0;

}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, opengolf)
{
	common_init();

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0, -2+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  0+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  2+1, 0);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  3+1, 0);

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1a_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS, 16, 16, 128, 128);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap2 = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1b_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS, 16, 16, 128, 128);

	// transparency will be handled manually in post-processing
	//m_gx_psac_tilemap->set_transparent_pen(0);
	//m_gx_psac_tilemap2->set_transparent_pen(0);

	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 1;

	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap =  std::make_unique<bitmap_ind16>(512,512); // BITMAP_FORMAT_IND16 because we NEED the raw pen data for post-processing
	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap2 = std::make_unique<bitmap_ind16>(512,512); // BITMAP_FORMAT_IND16 because we NEED the raw pen data for post-processing


	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmapclip.set(0, 512-1, 0, 512-1);


	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 1);
	K053936GP_set_offset(0, 0, 0);

	// urgh.. the priority bitmap is global, and because our temp bitmaps are bigger than the screen, this causes issues.. so just allocate something huge
	// until there is a better solution, or priority bitmap can be specified manually.
	m_screen->priority().allocate(2048,2048);

}

VIDEO_START_MEMBER(konamigx_state, racinfrc)
{
	common_init();

	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(0, -2+1, -16);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(1,  0+1, -16);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(2,  2+1, -16);
	m_k056832->set_layer_offs(3,  3+1, -16);

	m_gx_psac_tilemap = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1a_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS, 16, 16, 128, 128);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap2 = &machine().tilemap().create(*m_gfxdecode, tilemap_get_info_delegate(*this, FUNC(konamigx_state::get_gx_psac1b_tile_info)), TILEMAP_SCAN_COLS, 16, 16, 128, 128);

	// transparency will be handled manually in post-processing
	//m_gx_psac_tilemap->set_transparent_pen(0);
	//m_gx_psac_tilemap2->set_transparent_pen(0);

	m_gx_rozenable = 0;
	m_gx_specialrozenable = 1;

	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap =  std::make_unique<bitmap_ind16>(512,512); // BITMAP_FORMAT_IND16 because we NEED the raw pen data for post-processing
	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap2 = std::make_unique<bitmap_ind16>(512,512); // BITMAP_FORMAT_IND16 because we NEED the raw pen data for post-processing


	m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmapclip.set(0, 512-1, 0, 512-1);


	K053936_wraparound_enable(0, 1);
	K053936GP_set_offset(0, 0, 0);

	// urgh.. the priority bitmap is global, and because our temp bitmaps are bigger than the screen, this causes issues.. so just allocate something huge
	// until there is a better solution, or priority bitmap can be specified manually.
	m_screen->priority().allocate(2048,2048);


}

uint32_t konamigx_state::screen_update_konamigx(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
{
	int i, newbank, newbase, dirty, unchained;

	/* if any banks are different from last render, we need to flush the planes */
	for (dirty = 0, i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		newbank = m_gx_tilebanks[i];
		if (m_gx_oldbanks[i] != newbank) { m_gx_oldbanks[i] = newbank; dirty = 1; }
	}

	if (m_gx_tilemode == 0)
	{
		// driver approximates tile update in mode 0 for speed
		unchained = m_k056832->get_layer_association();
		for (i=0; i<4; i++)
		{
			newbase = m_k055555->K055555_get_palette_index(i)<<6;
			if (m_layer_colorbase[i] != newbase)
			{
				m_layer_colorbase[i] = newbase;

				if (unchained)
					m_k056832->mark_plane_dirty(i);
				else
					dirty = 1;
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		// altK056832 does all the tracking in mode 1 for accuracy (Twinbee needs this)
	}

	// sub2 is PSAC colorbase on GX
	if (m_gx_rozenable)
	{
		m_last_psac_colorbase = m_psac_colorbase;
		m_psac_colorbase = m_k055555->K055555_get_palette_index(6);

		if (m_psac_colorbase != m_last_psac_colorbase)
		{
			m_gx_psac_tilemap->mark_all_dirty();
			if (m_gx_rozenable == 3)
			{
				m_gx_psac_tilemap2->mark_all_dirty();
			}
		}
	}

	if (dirty) m_k056832->mark_all_tilemaps_dirty();

	// Type-1
	if (m_gx_specialrozenable == 1)
	{
		//K053936_0_zoom_draw(screen, *m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap, m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmapclip,m_gx_psac_tilemap, 0,0,0); // height data
		K053936_0_zoom_draw(screen, *m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap2,m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmapclip,m_gx_psac_tilemap2,0,0,0); // colour data (+ some voxel height data?)
	}


	if (m_gx_specialrozenable==3)
	{
		konamigx_mixer(screen, bitmap, cliprect, m_gx_psac_tilemap, GXSUB_8BPP,nullptr,0,  0, nullptr, m_gx_rushingheroes_hack);
	}
	// todo: fix so that it works with the mixer without crashing(!)
	else if (m_gx_specialrozenable == 2)
	{
		// we're going to throw half of this away anyway in post-process, so only render what's needed
		rectangle temprect;
		temprect = cliprect;
		temprect.max_x = cliprect.min_x+320;

		if (m_type3_psac2_bank == 1) K053936_0_zoom_draw(screen, *m_type3_roz_temp_bitmap, temprect,m_gx_psac_tilemap_alt, 0,0,0); // soccerss playfield
		else K053936_0_zoom_draw(screen, *m_type3_roz_temp_bitmap, temprect,m_gx_psac_tilemap, 0,0,0); // soccerss playfield


		konamigx_mixer(screen, bitmap, cliprect, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0, 0, m_type3_roz_temp_bitmap.get(), m_gx_rushingheroes_hack);
	}
	else
	{
		konamigx_mixer(screen, bitmap, cliprect, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0, 0, nullptr, m_gx_rushingheroes_hack);
	}


	/* Hack! draw type-1 roz layer here for testing purposes only */
	if (m_gx_specialrozenable == 1)
	{
		pen_t const *const paldata = m_palette->pens();

		// hack, draw the roz tilemap if W is held
		if ( machine().input().code_pressed(KEYCODE_W) )
		{
			// make it flicker, to compare positioning
			//if (screen.frame_number() & 1)
			{
				for (int y=0;y<256;y++)
				{
					//uint32_t *const dst = &bitmap.pix(y);
					// ths K053936 rendering should probably just be flipped
					// this is just kludged to align the racing force 2d logo
					uint16_t const *const src = &m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap2->pix(y);
					//uint16_t const *const src = &m_gxtype1_roz_dstbitmap->pix(y);

					uint32_t *const dst = &bitmap.pix((256+16)-y);

					for (int x=0;x<512;x++)
					{
						uint16_t const dat = src[x];
						dst[x] = paldata[dat];
					}
				}
			}

		}

	}

	return 0;
}

uint32_t konamigx_state::screen_update_konamigx_left(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
{
	/* the video gets demuxed by a board which plugs into the jamma connector */
	m_konamigx_current_frame^=1;

	if (m_konamigx_current_frame==1)
	{
		int offset=0;

		if (m_konamigx_palformat==1)
		{
			for (offset=0;offset<0x4000/4;offset++)
			{
				uint32_t coldat = m_generic_paletteram_32[offset];

				set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2, 0, 5, 10,coldat >> 16);
				set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2+1, 0, 5, 10,coldat & 0xffff);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for (offset=0;offset<0x8000/4;offset++)
			{
				int r,g,b;

				r = (m_generic_paletteram_32[offset] >>16) & 0xff;
				g = (m_generic_paletteram_32[offset] >> 8) & 0xff;
				b = (m_generic_paletteram_32[offset] >> 0) & 0xff;

				m_palette->set_pen_color(offset,rgb_t(r,g,b));
			}
		}

		screen_update_konamigx( screen, downcast<bitmap_rgb32 &>(*m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap), cliprect);
		copybitmap(bitmap, *m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, cliprect);
	}
	else
	{
		copybitmap(bitmap, *m_dualscreen_left_tempbitmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, cliprect);
	}

	return 0;
}

uint32_t konamigx_state::screen_update_konamigx_right(screen_device &screen, bitmap_rgb32 &bitmap, const rectangle &cliprect)
{
	if (m_konamigx_current_frame==1)
	{
		copybitmap(bitmap, *m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, cliprect);
	}
	else
	{
		int offset=0;

		if (m_konamigx_palformat==1)
		{
			for (offset=0;offset<0x4000/4;offset++)
			{
				uint32_t coldat = m_subpaletteram32[offset];

				set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2, 0, 5, 10,coldat >> 16);
				set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2+1, 0, 5, 10,coldat & 0xffff);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for (offset=0;offset<0x8000/4;offset++)
			{
				int r,g,b;

				r = (m_subpaletteram32[offset] >>16) & 0xff;
				g = (m_subpaletteram32[offset] >> 8) & 0xff;
				b = (m_subpaletteram32[offset] >> 0) & 0xff;

				m_palette->set_pen_color(offset,rgb_t(r,g,b));
			}
		}

		screen_update_konamigx(screen, downcast<bitmap_rgb32 &>(*m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap), cliprect);
		copybitmap(bitmap, *m_dualscreen_right_tempbitmap, 0, 0, 0, 0, cliprect);
	}

	return 0;
}

static inline void set_color_555(palette_device &palette, pen_t color, int rshift, int gshift, int bshift, uint16_t data)
{
	palette.set_pen_color(color, pal5bit(data >> rshift), pal5bit(data >> gshift), pal5bit(data >> bshift));
}

#ifdef UNUSED_FUNCTION
// main monitor for type 3
void konamigx_state::konamigx_555_palette_w(offs_t offset, uint32_t data, uint32_t mem_mask)
{
	uint32_t coldat;
	COMBINE_DATA(&m_generic_paletteram_32[offset]);

	coldat = m_generic_paletteram_32[offset];

	set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2, 0, 5, 10,coldat >> 16);
	set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2+1, 0, 5, 10,coldat & 0xffff);
}

// sub monitor for type 3
void konamigx_state::konamigx_555_palette2_w(offs_t offset, uint32_t data, uint32_t mem_mask)
{
	uint32_t coldat;
	COMBINE_DATA(&m_subpaletteram32[offset]);
	coldat = m_subpaletteram32[offset];

	offset += (0x4000/4);

	set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2, 0, 5, 10,coldat >> 16);
	set_color_555(*m_palette, offset*2+1, 0, 5, 10,coldat & 0xffff);
}
#endif

void konamigx_state::konamigx_tilebank_w(offs_t offset, uint32_t data, uint32_t mem_mask)
{
	if (ACCESSING_BITS_24_31)
		m_gx_tilebanks[offset*4] = (data>>24)&0xff;
	if (ACCESSING_BITS_16_23)
		m_gx_tilebanks[offset*4+1] = (data>>16)&0xff;
	if (ACCESSING_BITS_8_15)
		m_gx_tilebanks[offset*4+2] = (data>>8)&0xff;
	if (ACCESSING_BITS_0_7)
		m_gx_tilebanks[offset*4+3] = data&0xff;
}

// type 1 RAM-based PSAC tilemap
void konamigx_state::konamigx_t1_psacmap_w(offs_t offset, uint32_t data, uint32_t mem_mask)
{
	COMBINE_DATA(&m_psacram[offset]);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap->mark_tile_dirty(offset/2);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap2->mark_tile_dirty(offset/2);
}

// type 4 RAM-based PSAC tilemap
void konamigx_state::konamigx_t4_psacmap_w(offs_t offset, uint32_t data, uint32_t mem_mask)
{
	COMBINE_DATA(&m_psacram[offset]);

	m_gx_psac_tilemap->mark_tile_dirty(offset*2);
	m_gx_psac_tilemap->mark_tile_dirty((offset*2)+1);
}