1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2012 LWJGL Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
7  * met:
8  *
9  * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  *
12  * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * * Neither the name of 'LWJGL' nor the names of
17  *   its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
18  *   from this software without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
24  * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
25  * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
26  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
27  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
28  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
29  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
30  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 package org.lwjgl.opengl;
33 
34 import org.lwjgl.Sys;
35 
36 /**
37 * A highly accurate sync method that continually adapts to the system
38 * it runs on to provide reliable results.
39 *
40 * @author Riven
41 * @author kappaOne
42 */
43 class Sync {
44 
45 	/** number of nano seconds in a second */
46 	private static final long NANOS_IN_SECOND = 1000L * 1000L * 1000L;
47 
48 	/** The time to sleep/yield until the next frame */
49 	private static long nextFrame = 0;
50 
51 	/** whether the initialisation code has run */
52 	private static boolean initialised = false;
53 
54 	/** for calculating the averages the previous sleep/yield times are stored */
55 	private static RunningAvg sleepDurations = new RunningAvg(10);
56 	private static RunningAvg yieldDurations = new RunningAvg(10);
57 
58 
59 	/**
60 	 * An accurate sync method that will attempt to run at a constant frame rate.
61 	 * It should be called once every frame.
62 	 *
63 	 * @param fps - the desired frame rate, in frames per second
64 	 */
sync(int fps)65 	public static void sync(int fps) {
66 		if (fps <= 0) return;
67 		if (!initialised) initialise();
68 
69 		try {
70 			// sleep until the average sleep time is greater than the time remaining till nextFrame
71 			for (long t0 = getTime(), t1; (nextFrame - t0) > sleepDurations.avg(); t0 = t1) {
72 				Thread.sleep(1);
73 				sleepDurations.add((t1 = getTime()) - t0); // update average sleep time
74 			}
75 
76 			// slowly dampen sleep average if too high to avoid yielding too much
77 			sleepDurations.dampenForLowResTicker();
78 
79 			// yield until the average yield time is greater than the time remaining till nextFrame
80 			for (long t0 = getTime(), t1; (nextFrame - t0) > yieldDurations.avg(); t0 = t1) {
81 				Thread.yield();
82 				yieldDurations.add((t1 = getTime()) - t0); // update average yield time
83 			}
84 		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
85 
86 		}
87 
88 		// schedule next frame, drop frame(s) if already too late for next frame
89 		nextFrame = Math.max(nextFrame + NANOS_IN_SECOND / fps, getTime());
90 	}
91 
92 	/**
93 	 * This method will initialise the sync method by setting initial
94 	 * values for sleepDurations/yieldDurations and nextFrame.
95 	 *
96 	 * If running on windows it will start the sleep timer fix.
97 	 */
initialise()98 	private static void initialise() {
99 		initialised = true;
100 
101 		sleepDurations.init(1000 * 1000);
102 		yieldDurations.init((int) (-(getTime() - getTime()) * 1.333));
103 
104 		nextFrame = getTime();
105 
106 		String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
107 
108 		if (osName.startsWith("Win")) {
109 			// On windows the sleep functions can be highly inaccurate by
110 			// over 10ms making in unusable. However it can be forced to
111 			// be a bit more accurate by running a separate sleeping daemon
112 			// thread.
113 			Thread timerAccuracyThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
114 				public void run() {
115 					try {
116 						Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
117 					} catch (Exception e) {}
118 				}
119 			});
120 
121 			timerAccuracyThread.setName("LWJGL Timer");
122 			timerAccuracyThread.setDaemon(true);
123 			timerAccuracyThread.start();
124 		}
125 	}
126 
127 	/**
128 	 * Get the system time in nano seconds
129 	 *
130 	 * @return will return the current time in nano's
131 	 */
getTime()132 	private static long getTime() {
133 		return (Sys.getTime() * NANOS_IN_SECOND) / Sys.getTimerResolution();
134 	}
135 
136 	private static class RunningAvg {
137 		private final long[] slots;
138 		private int offset;
139 
140 		private static final long DAMPEN_THRESHOLD = 10 * 1000L * 1000L; // 10ms
141 		private static final float DAMPEN_FACTOR = 0.9f; // don't change: 0.9f is exactly right!
142 
RunningAvg(int slotCount)143 		public RunningAvg(int slotCount) {
144 			this.slots = new long[slotCount];
145 			this.offset = 0;
146 		}
147 
init(long value)148 		public void init(long value) {
149 			while (this.offset < this.slots.length) {
150 				this.slots[this.offset++] = value;
151 			}
152 		}
153 
add(long value)154 		public void add(long value) {
155 			this.slots[this.offset++ % this.slots.length] = value;
156 			this.offset %= this.slots.length;
157 		}
158 
avg()159 		public long avg() {
160 			long sum = 0;
161 			for (int i = 0; i < this.slots.length; i++) {
162 				sum += this.slots[i];
163 			}
164 			return sum / this.slots.length;
165 		}
166 
dampenForLowResTicker()167 		public void dampenForLowResTicker() {
168 			if (this.avg() > DAMPEN_THRESHOLD) {
169 				for (int i = 0; i < this.slots.length; i++) {
170 					this.slots[i] *= DAMPEN_FACTOR;
171 				}
172 			}
173 		}
174 	}
175 }