1GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2Version 2, June 1991 3 4Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 559 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA 6 7Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 8of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 9 10Preamble 11The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom 12to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License 13is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit 17to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered 18by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it 19to your programs, too. 20 21When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 22price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 23have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge 24for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can 25get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces 26of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these 27things. 28 29To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 30anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the 31rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for 32you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 33 34For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 35gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 36you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 37source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 38rights. 39 40We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, 41and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to 42copy, distribute and/or modify the software. 43 44Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 45that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 46software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, 47we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the 48original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect 49on the original authors' reputations. 50 51Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 52patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 53program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making 54the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that 55any patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed 56at all. 57 58The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 59modification follow. 60 61TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 620. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a 63notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 64under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 65refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 66means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 67that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 68either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 69language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 70the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 71 72Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 73covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 74running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the 75Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on 76the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 77Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 78 791. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 80source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 81conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 82copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 83notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any 84warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this 85License along with the Program. 86 87You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 88you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a 89fee. 90 912. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 92of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 93distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 94above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 95 96 97a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 98stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 99 100b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 101whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part 102thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties 103under the terms of this License. 104 105c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when 106run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use 107in the most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement 108including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is 109no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that 110users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and 111telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception: if 112the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an 113announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print 114an announcement.) 115These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 116identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 117and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 118themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 119sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 120distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 121on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 122this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 123entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote 124it. 125Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 126your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 127exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 128collective works based on the Program. 129 130In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the 131Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a 132volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other 133work under the scope of this License. 134 1353. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 136under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 137Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the 138following: 139 140a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 141source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 142and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; 143or, 144 145b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, 146to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of 147physically performing source distribution, a complete 148machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 149distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 150customarily used for software interchange; or, 151 152c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to 153distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed 154only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the 155program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in 156accord with Subsection b above.) 157The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 158making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 159code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 160associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 161control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 162special exception, the source code distributed need not include 163anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 164form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 165operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 166itself accompanies the executable. 167If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 168access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 169access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 170distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 171compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 172 1734. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 174except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 175otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 176void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this 177License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from 178you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so 179long as such parties remain in full compliance. 180 1815. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 182signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 183distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 184prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 185modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 186Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 187all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 188the Program or works based on it. 189 1906. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 191Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 192original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject 193to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 194restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted 195herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third 196parties to this License. 197 1987. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 199infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 200conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 201otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do 202not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 203distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under 204this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a 205consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, 206if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of 207the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly 208through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this 209License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the 210Program. 211 212If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 213any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended 214to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 215circumstances. 216 217It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 218patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 219such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 220integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 221implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 222generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 223through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 224system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is 225willing to distribute software through any other system and a 226licensee cannot impose that choice. 227 228This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 229be a consequence of the rest of this License. 230 2318. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 232certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 233original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 234may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 235those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 236countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 237the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 238 2399. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new 240versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new 241versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 242differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. 243 244Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 245specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and 246"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and 247conditions either of that version or of any later version published 248by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a 249version number of this License, you may choose any version ever 250published by the Free Software Foundation. 251 25210. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 253programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the 254author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by 255the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; 256we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by 257the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our 258free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software 259generally. 260 261NO WARRANTY 262 26311. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO 264WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. 265EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR 266OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY 267KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 268IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 269PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE 270PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME 271THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 272 27312. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN 274WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY 275AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU 276FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR 277CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE 278PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING 279RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A 280FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF 281SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 282SUCH DAMAGES. 283 284 285END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 286How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 287If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 288possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make 289it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under 290these terms. 291 292To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 293to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 294convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 295the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 296 297one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does. 298Copyright (C) yyyy name of author 299 300This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 301modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License 302as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 303of the License, or (at your option) any later version. 304 305This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 306but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 307MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 308GNU General Public License for more details. 309 310You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 311along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 312Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 31302111-1307, USA. 314 315Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper 316mail. 317 318If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like 319this when it starts in an interactive mode: 320 321Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) yyyy name of author 322Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details 323type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome 324to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' 325for details. 326 327The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the 328appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the 329commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and 330`show c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever 331suits your program. 332 333You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or 334your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the 335program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 336 337Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright 338interest in the program `Gnomovision' 339(which makes passes at compilers) written 340by James Hacker. 341 342signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 343Ty Coon, President of Vice 344 345This General Public License does not permit incorporating your 346program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine 347library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking 348proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want 349to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this 350License. 351 352 353---------------------------------------------------------------------- 354---------- 355Return to GNU's home page. 356FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. Other ways to contact 357the FSF. 358 359Comments on these web pages to webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other 360questions to gnu@gnu.org. 361 362Copyright notice above. 363Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, 364MA 02111, USA 365 366Updated: 16 Feb 1998 tower 367 368